Chapter-1

Introduction to GSM Systems

The Ancient Mobile Communication Systems Year 1950 onwards Pioneers in the field AT&T Motorola

Issues associated with the legacy Mobile communication Systems 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Bulky user Equipments Limited region of operations(inside city limits) Single cell systems Limited services available Costly Available only to Police, Fire Brigade, Ambulance Services etc

Types of Transmission

Simplex

Duplex

two-way

Single Cell System

Basestation
Downlink (DL)

Uplink (UL)

cell = supply area

First Generation Overview

Analog Air Interface Introduced in early 80s

AMPS in USA at 800 Mhz

TACS in United Kingdom at 900 Mhz

NIMT in Norway at 450 Mhz

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First Generation Limitations

Motivation for GSM

Evolution of GSM (1) 1982 CEPT initiated a new system, GSM 1987 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), allocation of the frequencies 1989 Final recommendations and specifications 1.7.1991 First official call in the world with GSM 1992 New frequency allocation: GSM1800 1998 Total of 120 million GSM 900/1800/1900 users worldwide 2004 More than one billion people are now using GSM mobile phones 2007 Subscriber base crosses 2.5 billion worldwide

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Advantages of GSM

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Key Characteristics of GSM

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Frequency Bands for GSM

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GSM Technical Specifications

01 General Description of a GSM PLMN 02 Services 03 Network Functions 04 MS - BSS Interface 05 Radio Path 06 Speech Processing Functions 07 Terminal Adaptation Functions 08 BSS - MSC Interface 09 Network Inter Working [10 Service Inter Working] 11 Type Approval Procedures 12 Operation and Maintenance [..] removed

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GSM Technical Specifications (Contd)

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 First-generation: Analog cellular systems (450-900 MHz) FDMA for spectrum sharing NMT (Europe), AMPS (US), TACS(UK) Second-generation: Digital cellular systems (900, 1800 MHz) TDMA/CDMA for spectrum sharing Circuit switching GSM (Europe), IS-136 (US), PDC (Japan) 2.5G: Packet switching extensions Digital: GSM to GPRS to EDGE Analog: AMPS to CDPD
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 3G: High speed, data and Internet services IMT-2000 Data Speeds 14.4 Mbps-DL 5.76 Mbps-UL Future speeds upto 80 Mbps
4G LTE Systems

100 Mbps Mobile subscribers 1Gbps Fixed subscribers

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