5

1.2
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5

:
:
:
:
:
:

1.

2.
3.
4.


5.


6.

1 4
1 2
1
1
1 2
1

( )

5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7

(2 )
(2 )
(2 )
(2 )
(4 )
(6 )
(2 )
1

.1
MATH
Series

5.1

:
1.
2.
3.
/ :
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

. 15

15
3 Francois Vieta, Simon Steven Neper John Napier (..1550 - 1617)




3

29 59
29.59
1 4
1.4
48 40
48.40


1) 1 5 ()
2) 3 200 ()
3) 300 ()

4) 2 ()
5) 60 60 ()

5
2 (.)

153.248
153.248 = 100 + 50 + 3 + 0.2 + 0.04 + 0.008
153.248 = (1 102) + (5 101) + (3 1) + 2 1 + 4 12 + 8 13
10 10 10
1
1 1 102
5

5 5 101
. 15

.1
3

3 3 1

2 ( 1) 2 2 11
10
4 ( 2) 4 4 12
10
8 ( 3) 8 8 13
10

...

103

...

102

101

...
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
...

101

10 2

103

10 4

153.248

153.248 = (1 102) + (5 101) + (3 1) + 2 1 + 4 12 + 8 13

10 10 10
203.408

5.1 :
1.
1)
0.94
=

2)

0.381

3)

9.108

4)

60.8956

5)

105.1004

. 15

2. 9
1)
96.014

2) 0.0239

3)
3.395

4)
0.0069

5)
12.9006

3.
1)
8.137
1
2)
5.3679
3
3)
15.367
7
4)
27.495
2
5)
671.412
6
4.
1
1 1
1) 1 1 + 3 2 + 6 4 =
10 10 10
1
1

2) (3 10 2 ) + (6 10 0 ) + 4 3 + 9 4 = ...
10 10
1 1 1
3) (9 103 ) + (3 10) + (2 1) + 5 1 + 1 3 + 6 5 =
10 10 10
1 1 1
4) 5 3 + 8 6 + 3 1 =
10 10 10
1 1
5) 4 + 1 2 + 6 1 = .
10 10

0

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

. 15

.1
0.5 0 0.5 0.5 0.5
-0.5 0 0.5 -0.5 0.5

1.5 0 1.5
-1.5 0 ...
2.25 0 ..
-2.25 0 ..

-2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

2.5 1.5 2.5 > 1.5
0.5 0
0.5 > 0
0 -0.5
-1.5 -2.5
2.5 -2.5

1.


1) 8.34 1.35
8
1 8 > 1 8.34 > 1.35
. 15

2) 9.31 9.72
9
3 7 3 < 7
9.31 < 9.72
3) 0.567 0.569

7 9 7 9 0.567 < 0.569
2.


1) -0.83 -0.85
-0.83 0.83 -0.85 0.85
0.83 < 0.85 -0.83 > -0.85
2) -6.43 -2.55
-6.43 6.43 -2.55 2.55
6.43 > 2.55 -6.43 < -2.55
3.
0 0
0.003 > -4.23, 0.157 > -2.33
5.2 :
1. >, <
1) 1.010 ................
3) 0.545 ................
5) 1.000 ................
7) 0.732 ................

=
0.999
2)
-7.031 ................ 0.703
0.554
4)
-12.85 ................ -11.85
1.0
6)
-14.008 ................ -14.080
0.7322
8)
-7.052 ................ 6.152

2.
1) 3.6124, 3.4612, 3.1642, 3.2416

. 15

.1
2) 143.72, 144.56, 143.18, 141.95, 144.87

3) 4.0451, 4.4015, 4.1045, 4.5104

4) 0.0862, 0.8006, 0.0608, 0.0268

5) -40.06, -42.46, -30.60, -46.17

6) -5.43, -5.34, -5.045, -5.540

3.
1) 34.435, 34.354, 34.453, 34.345
2) 6.0871, 6.0781, 6.0178, 6.0187
3) -10.1011, -10.1101, -10.0111, -10.0101
4) 0.8062, 0.8206, 0.8026, 0.6820
5) - 6.153, -7.053, -5.613, -5.603

4. - 209.8C, -218.4C -259.1C

5. - 75.8C
- 52.C

. 15

MATH
Series

5.2

:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
/ :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

. 15

10

.1

0

1 24.37 + 31.541

24.37 + 31.541 = 24.370 + 31.541

24.370
+
31.541
55.911
55.911
2

15.1 + 38.06
15.1 + 38.06 = 15.10 + 38.06
.............................

(-3.79) + (-9.32)

-3.79

+
-9.32
-13.11

-13.11
. 15

 5
4

11

(-0.37) + (-1.4)
(-0.37) + (-1.4) = (-0.37) + (-1.40)
.............................

3.6 + (-0.735)
3.6 + (-0.735) = 3.600 + (-0.735)
3.600
+
-0.735
2.865
2.865
(-9.47) + 7.75

-9.47
7.75
-1.72

-1.72

. 15

12

.1

7 17.31 + (-12.69) + (-7.31)

1 17.31 + (-12.69) + (-7.31)
=
=
=
-2.69
2 17.31 + (-12.69) + (-7.31)
=
=
=

3 17.31 + (-12.69) + (-7.31)
=
=
=

[17.31 + (-12.69)] + (-7.31)

4.62 + (-7.31)
-2.69
[17.31 + (-7.31)] + (-12.69)
+ (-12.69)

17.31 + [(-12.69) + (-7.31)]

17.31 +

5.3 :
1.
1) 3.101 + 2.987
2) (-0.205) + 1.795
.
.
.
.
3) (-22.95) + (-12.081)
4) (-36.7) + 18.925
.
.
.
.
. 15

13

5) 100 + (-75.025)
6) (-72.65) + (-11.357)
.
.
.
.
2.
1) (-12.3) + 5.17 + (-3.24)
2) (-51.09) + (-8.2) + (-0.403)
.
.
.
.
.
.
3) (-29.81) + 2.2 + 29.81
4) (-10.45) + (-32.01) + 20.45
.
.
.
.
.
.
3. a
1) 7.3 + (-2.1) = a+7.3
a =
2) (-3.059) + a = 0
a =
3) 0 + a = (-6.538)
a =
4) (-9.4) +a = (-10)
a =
5) [(-9.3) + 12.3] +a = 3.7
a =
4.
1) 0

2) 4.01

3) -8.7

. 15

14

.1

0 0 -0.5 0.5

-1

-0.5
0.5

-1

-0.5

-1.5

-1.5
1.5

0.5

0.5
-0.5

-1

-0.5

0.5

1.5

0.5 + (-0.5) = (-0.5) + 0.5 =
1.5 + (-1.5) = (-1.5) + 1.5 =

a a
-a a + (-a) = (-a) + a = 0
a -a a
-(-a) = a

2.9
0.58
-4.09
-0.002
10.03

. 15

15

= +
a b
a b = a + b

a b = a + (-b)
3.76 2.55
(-7.92) 4.07
(-12.43) (-10.71)
88.75 (-46.39)

=
=
=
=

3.76 + (-2.55)
(-7.92) + (-4.07)
(-12.43) + 10.71
88.75 + 46.39

8 3.76 2.55

3.76 2.55 = 3.76 + (-2.55)

3.76
+
-2.55
1.21
1.21
9

(-7.92) 4.07
(-7.92) 4.07 = (-7.92) + (-4.07)
- 7.92
+
- 4.07
-11.99
-11.99

10

(-12.43) (-10.71)
(-12.43) (-10.71) = (-12.43) + 10.71
.............................

. 15

16

.1

11

88.75 (-46.39)
88.75 (-46.39) = 88.75 + 46.39
.............................

5.4 :
1.
1) 25.15 10.5
2) 8.1 (-3.92)
.
.
.
.
3) (-8.1) (-3.09)
4) (-0.011) 0.39
.
.
.
.
5) (-99.9) 9.1
6) 8.17 21.25
.
.
.
.
7) (-18.75) (-21.5)
8) (-10.009) (-10.009)
.
.
.
.
.
. 15

17

2.
1) [(-5.2) + 8] 2.8
2) [(-10.1) + 15.9] (-3.2)
.
.
.
.
.
.
3) (9.05 3.7) + 12.1
4) (8.5 11.9) + (-1.04)
.
.
.
.
.
.
5) [(-12.6) 4.4] + 9.9
6) [(-7.3) 6.2] 3.32
.
.
.
.
.
.
7) (-24.5) + (12.9 11.5)
8) 20.30 (2 15.5)
.
.
.
.
.
.

. 15

18

.1
3. 34.75 85.2

.
.
.
.
4. (Eureka) 20.4 243.2
248.5

.
.
.
.
.
5. - 209.8C, -218.4C 259.1C
.
.
.
.
.

. 15

19

MATH
Series

5.3

:
1.
2.
3.
4.
/ :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

. 15

20

.1

a
b a + b
15 3
=
45
0.15 0.3
=
0.045
100 5
0.100 0.5

=
=

1000 20
=
1000 0.20
=
3.4 1.7
34

17
218

500
0.0500
20000
200.00

200

34
558

3.4 1.7 = 5.58

5.58
23.4 0.5
234

5
23.4 0.5 =

. 15

 5
3

21

(-3.45) (-0.017)
345

17
2415

345
5865
(-3.45) (-0.017) = 0.05865
0.05865
4

(-1.08) (-2.7)
108

27
........

(-1.08) (-2.7) =

30.2 (-6.81)
302

681
302
2416
1812

205662
(30.2) (-6.81) = -205.662
-205.662
. 15

22

.1

(-0.71) 0.05
71

5
(-0.71) 0.05 =

(-12.5) 27.85 8
(-12.5) 27.85 8
=
[(-12.5) 8] 27.85
=
(-100) 27.85
=
-2785
-2785

2.5 3.6 (-4)

2.5 3.6 (-4)
=
=
=

[]

. 15

23

[(-5.5) 17.45] + [(-5.5) (-16.45)]

[(-5.5) 17.4] + [(-5.5) 16.45] =
(-5.5) [17.45 + (-16.45)]
=
(-5.5) 1
=
-5.5
-5.5

10

999.9 0.4
999.9 0.4
=
(1000 0.1) 0.4
=
[(1000 + (-0.1)] 0.4
=
(1000 0.4) + [(-0.1) 0.4]
=
+
=

5.5 :
1.
1) 0.1 0.01 =
3) (-1.5) (-0.2) =
5) 0 (-10.9) =
7) 1 (-5.4) =
9) (-11.1) (-0.001) =

2) 0.8 (-0.1) =
4) (-5.4) 100 =
6) (-1.2) 0 =
8) (-1) (-17.5) =
10) 1 0.01 (-0.01) =

2.
1) (-0.35) (-1.3)
2) (-0.002) 79.5
.
.
.
.
.
.

. 15

24

.1
3) (101.2) (-1.5)
4) (-0.05) 9.5
.
.
.
.
.
.
5) (-0.02) 0 (-0.02)
6) (-1.02) 100 (-1)
.
.
.
.
.
.
7) [(-4.5) 0.7] + (4.5 0.7)
8) [5.1 (-2.0)] + [3.2 (-2.0)]
.
.
.
.
.
.
3.
1) 29.992 25
2) 999.9 (-0.7)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 15

25

4. 1 38.50
42
.
.
.
.
.
.
5. 10 15.5 1.2
.
.
.
.
.
.

11

885.36 28
31.62
28 885.36
84
45
28
17 3
16 8
56
56

31.62 28 = 885.36

885.36 28 = 31.62
31.62
. 15

26

.1

1


12

71.8 25
2.872
25 71.800
50
21 8
20 0
1 80
1 75
50
50

2.872 25 = 71.8

71.8 25 = 2.872
2.872

2

13

0.7787 1.3
0.7787
0.7787 1.3 =
1.3
0.7787 10
=
1.3 10
7.787
=
13
0.599
13 7.787
65
1 28
1 17
117
117

0.599 1.3 = 0.7787

0.7787 1.3 = 0.599

0.599
. 15

27

14

0.2568 0.004

0.2568 0.004

=
=
=

0.2568
0.004
0.2568 1000
0.004 1000
256.8
4

64.2
4 256.8
24
16
16
8
8
0.2568 (-0.004) = -64.2
-64.2

(-0.004) (-64.2) = 0.2568

3 4
10 100 1000 ...

15

(-7.812) 0.63
(-7.812) 0.63 = (-781.2) 63

63 781.2

0.63 = -7.812

.......
........

(-7.812) 0.63 =

. 15

28
16

.1
(-1.353) (-2.2)
(-1.353) (-2.2) = (-13.53) (-22)

22 13.530
......

(-2.2) = -1.353

......

(-1.353) (-2.2) =

17 3.5 0.023 ( 2 )

3.5 0.23 = 3500 23

152.173
23 3500.000
23

120
(-12.4) 0.63 = -7.812
115
50
46
40
23
1 70
1 61
90
69
21

3.5 0.023 152.17

152.17

. 15

29

5.6 :
1.
1) 2.8 4
2) 0.45 (-100)

3) (-13.76) (-3.2)
4) (-250) (-0.8)

5) (-0.07) 0.07
6) (-0.7) (-0.8)

. 15

30

.1
7) 5.4 (-0.6)
8) (-0.031) (-0.31)

9) (-0.441) 0.63
10) [(-0.015) 0.2] (-0.2)

2. ( 3 )
1) 91.538 0.74
2) (-68.75) 0.03

. 15

31

3) 671.2 (-5.1)
4) (-0.089) (-4.3)

3.
1) [(-8.56)+(-1.44)] 0
2) [(-8.5) + (6.2)] (-2.3)

3) (-0.2) [(0.092) 0.23]

4) [(-1.2) (0.52)] (-0.6)

. 15

32

.1

MATH
Series

5.4

:
1.
2.
/ :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

. 15

33

2,000
1,650


1
12

1 4

C
-2
4

2
3
0 14
1
4
4
A 0 1 A 1
4
4
B 0 3 B 3
4
4
3
C 0 - C - 3
4
4
0
0

-3
4

A
-1
4

1.

5 < 7
1 1)
5 < 7
9 9
8 > 4
2)
8 > 4
11 11
. 15

34

.1

2.
0
1
2 1) 5 7
9
11
5 = 511 = 55
9
911
99
7 = 79 = 63
11
119
99
55 < 63

99 99
5< 7

9 11
2) 16 35
48
120
16 = ..
48
35 = ..
120

..
16
35
.........

48
120
3.
1 2
3 1) - 7 - 8
9
9
- 7 = -7 - 8 = -8
9 9
9 9
-7 > -8 - 7 > - 8
9 9
7
8

- >9 9
2) - 5 - 2
6
3
- 5 = -5
6 6
- 2 = (-2) =
3 3
. 15

35

-5 < ..........

- 5 ........... - 2
6
3

a c a, b, c d b d
b
d
a
c

b
d
1. ad = bc a = c
b d
2. ad bc a c
b d
ad > bc a > c ad < bc a < c
b d
b d
4
7
4 1)

9
12
4
7
9
12
4 12 < 9 7
48 < 63
4 < 7

9
12
2)
- 5 - 8
11
15
5
8
11
15
<
<

- 5 - 8
11
15

. 15

36

.1
5.7 :
1. = > <
1
1)
2)
- 11
- 4 - 12
5
15
9
7
3
15
7
21
3)

4)
4
7
6
18
25 2 3
5)
6)
- 5 - 1
12
12
3
2
7)
8)
- 11 - 99
-4 3 - 25
15
135
5
15
9)
10)
- 5 - 6
-2 11 - 37
24
24
13
13
1
3
3
11)
1
12)
-1 1
1
-1
2
4
4
2
13)
14)
- 2 -1 3
-2 1 -3 2
3
5
3
5
15)
16)
- 3 - 7
- 9 - 11
5
10
5
12
17)
18)
- 5 - 4
-1 2 -1 3
8
7
5
3
3
5
3
19)
20)
-7 4
-7
2
4
4
5
2.

12 = -21
1)
2) 20 -45
-18 33
24 -54
-16
24
3)
=
4) 3 4 22
40 -60
35 7
49
84
5) - = 6) 2 8 2 12
32
14 24
24
3. 7 45 8 51

. 15

37

MATH
Series

5.5

:
1.
2.
/ :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

. 15

38

.1

4 + 2 = 4+2
1)
7 7
7
= 6
7
3 + 1 = 3 + 12
2)
4 2
4 22
= 3+2
4 4
3
+2
=
4
= 5 1 1
4
4


1)
a + c = a + c b 0
b b
b
2)
..

a + c = ad + bc b, d 0
b d
bd

1 - 4 + - 2
7 7
4 2

= (-4) + (-2)
- 7 +- 7
7 7

= (-4) + (-2)
7
-6
=
7
= -6
7
. 15

 5
2

- 4 + 2
7 7
4 2
= (-4) + 2
- 7 + 7
7 7

=

39

- 3 + - 1
4 2
3 1
= (-3) + (-1)
- 4 +- 2
4 2

= (-3)(1) + (-1)(2)
4
= (-3) + (-2)
4
5
= 4
5
1
- -1
4
4
1 3 + -4 1
5 3
1 3 + -4 1
= 8 + (-13)
5 3
5 3
=

. 15

40
5

.1
3 + 2
5
3+ 2 =
5

5
3+ 2 = 3 2
5
5

4 + 3 = 4 3 9 + 7 = 9 7
4
4
10
10
2
6 -3 +
5
2
(-15)
+
2

(-3) + =
5
5
-13
=
5
= -2 3
5
3
-2
5
6 (-3) + 2 -3 2
5
5
7 -3 + - 2
5
2
(-15)
+ (-3)

(-3) + - =
5
5
= -17
5
= - 17
5
= -3 2
5
2
- 3
5
. 15

41

7 -3 + - 2
5
-3 + - 2 = -3 2
5
5

1) -4 + - 1
2

2) -9 + - 3
5

3) -8 + - 5
12


8 2 1 + - 1 +1 7 + 3
8 4 8 4

2 1 + - 1 +1 7 + 3 = 17 + - 1 + 15 + 3
8 4 8 4
8 4 8 4
= 17 + 15 + - 1 + 3
8 8 4 4
= 32 + 2
8 4
= 4+ 1
2
= 41
2
1
4
2

!
-1
2
2

. 15

42

.1

5.8 :
1.
1) 7 + - 5
11 11

3)

5)

2) 5 + - 7
6 12

1 8
-2 + -
9 9

4)

4 3
-1 +
15 5

5 1
- + -2
6 3

6) (-5) + - 3
7

. 15

43

=
7) 1 5 + - 8
6 9

=
8)

5
7
-2 + 1
11 22

9) 2 7 + -3 3
12 8

10)

1 4
-5 + -2
14 21

2.
1) 3 +1 1 + (-2)
4 4

2) 5 + - 7 + 13
18 9 18

. 15

44

.1
=
3) 5 + - 2 + - 5 + 1 1
6 3 6 3

=
4) 3 + - 7 + 1 2 + - 3
5 10 5 10

- 1 1
2
2

1
0
-1
2
2
- 1 1
2
2
1

- 1
2
2

1 + (- 1 )
=
(- 1 ) + 1
=
2 2
2 2
1 1 + ( -1 1 ) =
( -1 1 ) + 1 1 =
2
2
2
2
-1

a a
-a a + (-a) = (-a) + a = 0
a -a a
-(-a) = a
. 15

45

5
9
1)

21
2)

-1 2
5
11
3)

12
4)

-10 1
3
5)

- 36
8


= +


9 - 4 - 3
7 7
4 3
4 3

- 7 - 7 = - 7 +- 7


3

(-4)
+
(-3)
=
7
7
3
3
7
7
7
= 7
= -1
-1
10 7 - - 1
8 2
7 -- 1 = 7 + 1

8 2
8 2

=
=

1
2

-
1
2

1
2

=
. 15

46

.1

11

(-2)- -1 1
3
(-2)- -1 1 = (-2)- - 4
3
3
= (-2) + 4
3
=
3
=

12

13

(-2)- 2
3
2
(-2)- = (-2) + - 2
3
3
= -2 2
3
-2 2
3
5- -2 2
3
2
5- -2 = 5+ 2 2
3
3
= 5+ 2 + 2
3
= ...... +

-2 2 = (-2)- 2
3
3
= (-2) + ( - 2 )
3

= ....

. 15

47

5.9 :
1.
1) 5 - 1
8 3

2)

3) 3- 4 2
3

5)

3 1
- 5 7

4)

3 4
- --
8 5

3 1
- 7 -3 2

6)

1 3
-2 - -
3 4

. 15

48

.1
=
7) 3 1 - - 5
8 6

=
8)

1 1
-3 - 2
7 4

9) 1 5 - -2 3
6 4

10)

2 1
-2 3 - -3 5

2.
1) 5 + 11 - - 13
7 14 21

2)

1 2
-6 3 + 9 -1 3

. 15

49

=
3)

5 4 1
3- - 9 - 9 -1 3

=
4)

1 1 1

3 -3 - 1 -(-2)
4 2 6

3.
1) -5 1 =
2) -11 2 =
7
9
3) -3 11 =
13

4) -20 1 =
6

4. ( )
1) (-7)- 4
=

5
2) (-15)- 2
9

3) - 19 - 2 =
33

4) - 17 -5 =
21

. 15

50

.1

MATH
Series

5.6

:
1.
2.
/ :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

. 15

51

a c a
b
d
b
c

d
a c = ac
b d bd
1 4 10
5 7
4 10 = 4 10

57
5 7

40
=
35

8
=
7
8
7
2 4 6
12 8
4 6 =

12 8

-2 1 5
3 6
1 5
7 5
=
-2
-
3 6
3 6
(-7) 5
=
3 6
-35
=
18
-35

18
. 15

52

.1

-3 2 -4 1
3 5
2 1

-3 -4 =
3 5

- 2 5 15
25 8 6

2 5 15
-
25 8 6

1 1
- 2 5
5

1 25 8 4

1 1 1
-
1 4 2

=
=

13

15

62

-1
8

-1
8
- 4 2 6
36 8 5
4 2 6
=
-
36 8 5

. 15

53

- 1 - 5 + - 1 - 7
3 12 3 12

1 5 1 7
- 3 - 12 + - 3 - 12

=
=
=

1 5 7
- - + -
3 12 12
1 12
- -
3 12
1
- (-1)
3

= 1
3

1
3

5.10 :
1.
1) 1 7
7 9

2) (- 2 ) 1
3 5

3) 2 0
5

5)

4) 25 - 8
4 11

3 5
-3
5 18

6)

8 3
-4 -
11 13

. 15

54

.1
7) 2 1 -3 2
7 5

9)

8)

1 35
-1
5 12

2 3
-2
7 4

10)

7 2
- -2
8 3

2.
1) - 2 4 6
3 3 8

2)

1 7 16
- -
7 4 3

3) 3 - 5 12
5 3 15

4)

3 4 7
- - -
7 5 12

. 15

55

1 1 4 1
-5 -2 -
4 2 7 15

5)

6) 23 - 16 8 - 11 0
4 7 5 12

7) 3 - 7 4
4 10 3

8)

1 2
- (-6)
6 5

3 7 3 8
- 10 15 + - 10 15

9)

10)

11
7

9 (-3) + 9 (-3)

11)

2 5 2 25
-
3 2 3 4

12)

3 4 2 4
4 - 5 - 5 - 5

. 15

56

.1

a c a
b
d
b
c
d
a c = ad
b d b c
3
6
8
4 8
3 6 = 38

4 8
4 6

= 1

1
9 4 6
12 8
4
6

12 8
=

10

11

- 4 -2 2
9 3
4 2
4 8
- -2 =
- -
9 3
9 3
= - 4 - 3
9 8
= 1
6
1
6
3 - 1
9
=

3 - 1
9
=

. 15

 5
12

13

57

5 1 (-6)
7
= 36 - 1
5 1 (-6)
7
7 6
= -6
7
6
7
7 1 2 1
3 5
=

3 - 1
9
=

-3 3 7 + 3 1
2
11 9
3 7 1
= - 36 7 + 7
-3 11 9 + 3 2

11 9 2
= - 36 14 + 63
11 18
= - 36 77
11 18
= (-2)7
= -14
-14

14

. 15

58

.1

15

3 1 - 9 3 4 4
9 5 5
=
3 1 - 9 3 4 4
9 5 5

5.11 :
1.
1) 2 (-3)
5

3)

2) (-6) 1
3

5 4
- -
7 9

4)

2
-4 6
3

=
6) 1 - 4 -1 1
4 5 2

5) 3 1 -2 19
11 33
=

. 15

 5
7)

9)

59

3 5 11
2
4 6 12

8)

2 8 3
- 5 21 - 7

9 1 2
- +
10 6 3

10)

1 1 3
-31 2 -
2 8 4

. 15

60

.1

MATH
Series

5.7

:
1.
2.
/ :
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

. 15

61

1. 2
1.1 10 100 1000 ...


1
= 0.1
-5
= -0.5
10
10
56 = 0.56
- 35 = -0.35
100
100
342 = 0.342
- 27 = -0.027
1000
1000
1.2 10 100 1000 ... 2

1.2.1 10 100 1000 ...

1.1
1
5
15
=
=
=
0.5
2
10
25
3
325
75
=
=
=
0.75
4
4 25
100
3125
375
3
=
=
=
0.375
8125
1000
8
=
=
=
-0.45
- 95
-9
- 45
205
20
100
- 508 4
- 127
=
=
=
-0.127
- 508
4000 4
1000
4000
1.2.2

. 15

62
1

.1
3
4
0.75
3 4 30
4
28
20
20

0
= 0.75

4
- 5
4
1.25
5

4 5.00
4
4
10
8
20
20
5
- = -1.25
4
2
3
0.666...
2 3 2.000
3
18
20
18
20
18
2
6
2 = 0.666...
3

. 15

63

1. 1 = 0.333...
2. - 2 = -0.222...
3
9
7
4
3. - = -0.777...
4. - = -1.333...
9
3
16
5
5.
6.
= 0.3555...
= 0.41666...
45
12
7. 8 = 0.727272...
8. - 13 = -1.181818...
11
11
9. 4 = 0.121212...
10. - 44 = -0.44444...
33
99
1 10
0.2

0.2 = 0.2000... = 0.20 0.2

0.82
0.82000...

0.6
0.666...

-0.72
-0.7272...

0.3181818... 0.318


0.254254254... 0.254

2.

1.
2. 10 100 1000 ...
. 15

64

.1

0


5
1
0.5 =
=
( 1 10)
10
2
14 ( 2 100)
56
0.56 =
=
25
100
-1.625 = -1 625 = -1 25 ( 3 1000)
1000
40

5.12 :
1.
1) 17
100

3) 125
1000

2) - 216
10

4) - 87
100

5) - 378
100

6) - 537
1000

7) 2549
100

8) - 4681
1000

9) 742
1000

10) - 39
1000

. 15

65

2.
2.1) 0.4

2.2) -0.5

2.3) -0.75

2.4) 0.036

2.5) 1.45

2.6) -0.345

2.7) 21.80

2.8) 0.685

2.9) 0.37

2.10) -2.12

3.
3.1) 5
2

3.3) -4 1
4

3.2) - 7
4

3.4) - 7
20

. 15

66

.1
3.5) 3
55

3.7) -3 1
11

3.9) -5 2
9

3.6) - 11
6

3.8) 1
9

3.10) - 100
99

4.

4.1) 3.1, 3.1, 3.01

4.2) -1.2, -1.12, -1.12

4.3) -0.23, -0.3, -0.23

4.4) 0.2, 0.212, 0.2121
. 15

67

1
4

-1
3
1
6

1
6
1
4
-1
3

. 15

68

.1

4 2

5.3

2.0

3.4

5.0

7.3

8.7

5.4

2.5

6.8

1.6

0.3

1.9

8.4

10.6

1.4

0.4

1.7

3.2

17

5.3 + 2.0 = 7.3

3.4 2.0 = 1.4

. 15