THUYT MINH TI Tn ti: R sot, chuyn i nhm cc tiu chun thit b in thoi thuc h thng GMDSS sang qui

ui chun k thut v tiu chun Vit Nam M s: 120 - 07 - KHKT-TC 1 c im, tnh hnh i tng tiu chun ho trong v ngoi nc i vi thit b in thoi thuc h thng GMDSS 1.1 Tnh hnh pht trin phng tin vn ti hng hi Vit Nam Trong xu th pht trin chung, ngnh giao thng hng hi Vit Nam ang pht trin mnh. Cc thit b thng tin v tm kim cu nn hng hi ngy cng a dng v chng loi, phng thc s dng. Cc thit b thng tin v an ton hng hi l loi thit b bt buc phi trang b trn cc tu bin nhm mc ch m bo an ton cho cc phng tin tu thuyn v sinh mng con ngi trn tu. Hin nay do s pht trin mnh m cc phng tin truyn dn, thng tin, cc thit b thng tin v an ton hng hi rt a dng: t cc thit b thng tin hng hi hin i s dng thng tin v tinh, nh v ton cu trang b cho cc tu ln hin i n cc thit b truyn thng thng thng s dng cc phng thc truyn dn LF, MF v HF trang b trn cc tu nh hot ng xa b. c bit mt s lng ln tu c va v nh cha kh nng trang b thit b hin i vn ang s dng cc thit b thng tin an ton truyn thng nh cc thit b thng tin thoi, in bo in trc tip phc v cho cng tc thng tin kh tng, tm kim, cu nn. Cc thit b ny thuc nhm thit b thng tin u cui di ng trn tu v chng phi tho mn cc yu cu ca h thng an ton v cu nn ton cu GMDSS. Cc thit b ny cn phi tun th nghim ngt cc qui c v an ton, cu nn v vin thng ca ngnh hng hi quc t cng nh trong nc. Vit nam tham gia hip c SOLAS 1974, do vy cc tiu chun thit b an ton, cu nn v vin thng p dng trong nc cn phi la chn ph hp, c kh nng hi nhp vi cc tiu chun chung ca quc t v hng hi. 1.2 Tnh hnh i tng tiu chun ho trong nc B Thng tin v Truyn thng ban hnh mt s tiu chun k thut cho thit b in thoi thuc h thng GMDSS nh sau: Thit b gi chn s (DSC) - Yu cu k thut, m s TCN 68- 201: 2001 in thoi v tuyn MF v HF - Yu cu k thut, m s TCN 68- 202: 2001 Thit b in thoi v tuyn UHF - Yu cu k thut, m s TCN 68- 206: 2001

Thi gian va qua cc tiu chun ny c p dng nhiu v hiu qu trong vic qun l v chng nhn hp chun cho cc trang thit b ngnh hng hi. 1

Cc tiu chun ny c xy dng trn c s tham chiu, chp nhn p dng nguyn vn cc tiu chun v thit b hng hi ca ETSI, ITU v cc th l ca IMO qui nh cho h thng an ton v cu nn hng hi. 1.3 Tnh hnh i tng tiu chun ha quc t Cc thit b thng tin v tm kim cu nn hng hi ngy cng c s dng hiu qu nhiu nc v cc hng sn xut vn khng ngng nng cp, pht trin cc thit b . Cc t chc tiu chun quc t nh IMO, ITU, ETSI cng b nhiu quyt nh, khuyn ngh, tiu chun cho thit b thng tin v an ton cu nn hng hi. Cc t chc ny cng thng xuyn cp nht, b xung cc tiu chun thit b nhm p ng cc yu cu pht trin v hi nhp ca ngnh hng hi quc t. Cc khuyn ngh ca ITU khng a ra cc yu cu c th cng nh phng php o kim cho thit b in thoi thuc h thng GMDSS m ch quy nh cc c tnh k thut chung cho thit b in thoi hot ng trong nghip v lu ng hng hi khong cch knh l 25 kHz. Cc quyt nh ca IMO khng a ra cc yu cu k thut c th cng nh phng php o kim cho thit b in thoi thuc h thng GMDSS. Cc tiu chun ca ETSI rt c th i vi tng loi thit b s dng cho tng mc ch hot ng trong h thng GMDSS. Cc tiu chun ca ETSI u tham chiu n cc khuyn ngh, quy nh v cc tiu chun ca cc t chc khc,c tnh tng thch cao v lun c cp nht. T chc vin thng Hongkong (OFTA) http://www.ofta.gov.hk/standards/hktaspec/ khng a ra cc tiu chun k thut cho thit b in thoi v tuyn thuc h thng GMDS: GMDSS Marine Radio Equipment Specifications
HKTA Issue Date 1218 1223 1224 1 1 1 Title 03/1999 Performance Specification for Radiotelephone Equipment Operating on the Frequency 2182 kHz 12/1997 Performance Specification for Radiotelephone Distress Frequency Watch Receiver 12/1997 Performance Specification for Maritime Mobile Single Sideband Radiotelephone Transmitters and Receivers for the MF and HF Bands 12/1997 Performance Specification for Radiotelephone Generating Devices for Use in Merchant Ships Alarm Signal

1225 1257

1 1

07/1997 Performance Specification for Narrowband Direct-Printing Telegraph Equipment for the Reception of Navigational and Meteorological Warnings And Urgent Information to Ships (NAVTEX) 03/1999 Performance Specification for Narrow-Band Direct-Printing Telegraph Equipment for the Reception of Navigational And Meteorological Warnings and Urgent Information to Ships by HF 07/1997 Performance Specification for Float-Free Satellite Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB) Operating On 406 MHz

1258

1259

1260 1261

1 1

09/1999 Performance Specification for Ship Earth Stations Capable of TwoWay Communications 08/1998 Performance Specification for Float-Free Satellite Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs) Operating through the Geostationary INMARSAT Satellite System on 1.6 GHz 08/1998 Performance Specification for Float-Free VHF Emergency PositionIndicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs) 01/1999 Performance Specification for VHF Radio Installations Capable of Voice Communications and Digital Selective Calling 01/1999 Performance Specification for Shipborne MF Radio Installations Capable of Voice Communications and Digital Selective Calling 01/1999 Performance Specification for Shipborne MF/HF Radio Installations Capable of Voice Communications, Narrow-Band Direct-Printing and Digital Selective Calling 09/1999 Performance Specification for Shipborne Integrated Radiocommunications System (IRCS) When Used in the GMDSS 03/1999 Performance Specification Radiotelephone Apparatus for Survival Craft Two-Way VHF

1262 1263 1264 1265

1 1 1 1

1266

1277 1281 1282

1 1 1

06/1997 Performance Specification for Marine Radar Transponder for use in Search and Rescue Operations at Sea (SART) 07/1997 Performance Specification for Inmarsat Enhanced Group Call (EGC) Equipment and Inmarsat Standard-C Ship Earth Station Capable of Transmitting and Receiving Direct-Printing Communications

Cc tiu chun v c tnh k thut ca thit b v tuyn hng hi thuc GMDSS ca OFTA tham chiu n cc Khuyn ngh ca ITU, cc quyt nh ca IMO v a ra cc yu cu k thut nh gi hp chun tun theo tiu chun ETSI, chng hn nh: 1) HKTA 1224 - Issue 01-December 1997- Performance Specification for maritime mobile single sideband radiotelephone transmitters and receivers for the MF and HF bands trong nu r: Yu cu k thut ca tiu chun ny phi tun th cc yu cu k thut c s nh c quy nh trong: IMO Resolution A.334(IX): "Recommendation on Operational Standards for Radiotelephone Transmitters and Receivers" Thit b phi c nh gi ph hp vi tiu chun k thut sau: ETS 300 373 : Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Technical Characteristics and Methods of Measurement for Maritime Mobile Transmitters and Receivers for Use in the MF and HF Bands, do Vin tiu chun vin thng chu u (ETSI) cng b.

2) HKTA 1265 - Issue 01- January 1999: Performance specification for shipborne MF/HF
radio installations capable of voice communications, narrow-band direct-printing and digital selective calling trong nu r: Yu cu k thut ca tiu chun phi tun th cc yu cu k thut c s nh quy nh trong: IMO Resolution A.806(19) - Performance Standards for Shipborne MF/HF Radio Installations Capable of Voice Communication, Narrow-Band Direct-Printing and Digital Selective Calling cho thit b c lp t vo hoc sau ngy 23/11/1996; hoc IMO Resolution A.613(15) cho cng thit b c lp t trc ngy 23/11/1996. Thit b phi c nh gi ph hp vi cc tiu chun k thut sau y: (a) IEC 61097-3 Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) - Part 3:Digital selective calling (DSC) equipment - Operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and required testing results, do y ban k thut in quc t (IEC) cng b, v IEC 61097-9 Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) - Part 9: Shipborne transmitters and receivers for use in the MF and HF bands suitable for telephony, digital selective calling (DSC) and narrow band direct printing (NBDP) - Operational and performance requirements, methods of testing and required test results, do y ban k thut in quc t (IEC) cng b; hoc (b) ETS 300 067 Radio Equipment and Systems; Radiotelex equipment operating in the maritime MF/HF service; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement, do Vin tiu chun vin thng chu u (ETSI) cng b, v ETS 300 338 Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for equipment for generation, transmission and reception of Digital Selective Calling (DSC) in the maritime MF, MF/HF and/or VHF mobile service, do Vin tiu chun vin thng chu u (ETSI) cng b, v ETS 300 373 Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for maritime mobile transmitters and receivers for use in the MF and HF bands, do Vin tiu chun vin thng chu u (ETSI) cng b. T chc pht trin thng tin Singapore (IDA) http://www.ida.gov.sg/idaweb/ khng a ra cc tiu chun k thut cho thit b in thoi v tuyn thuc h thng GMDSS Radio-communication Equipment Standards 4

Technical Specifications IDA TS CT-CTS

Date

Code of Practice for Infocommunications Facilities in Buildings

Apr 2006

Technical Specification for Cordless Telephone and Cordless Telecommunication Systems

2006

IDA TS SRD

Aug

Technical Specification for Short Range Devices Technical Specification for Amateur Radio Equipment Technical Specifications for Global Mobile Personal Communication Satellite (GMPCS) Terminals Technical Specification for GSM Mobile Terminals Technical Specification for GSM Base Station and Repeater Equipment Technical Specification for IMT-2000 Third Generation (3G) Cellular Mobile Terminal Technical Specification for IMT-2000 Third Generation (3G) Cellular Base Station and Repeater System Technical Specification for Wireless Broadband Access (WBA) Equipment

IDA TS AR

Jul 2005

IDA TS GMPCS

Jul 2005

IDA TS GSM-MT

Jul 2005

IDA TS GSM-BS

Jul 2005

IDA TS 3G-MT

Jul 2005

IDA TS 3G-BS

Jul 2005

IDA TS WBA

Jun 2005

IDA TS LMR

Aug

2006

Technical Specification for Land Mobile Radio Equipment Technical Specification for Radio Pagers (for Public Paging Service)

IDA TS RPG

Jul 2005

2 L do, mc ch r sot cc tiu chun Cc tiu chun v thit b thng tin v tm kim cu nn hng hi c B Thng tin v Truyn thng ban hnh t nm 2001, cha c b xung cp nht theo cc tiu chun chung mi ca quc t. S pht trin mng vin thng cng nh nhu cu s dng ca khch hng i vi thit b cng nh nghip v mi ngy cng tng mnh. Vic cp nht, r sot, sa i ni dung thng xuyn cho cc tiu chun ban hnh l cn thit ph hp vi hin trng trang b 5

v s dng thit b cng nh cc thay i ca th l, qui nh, khuyn ngh v tiu chun quc t. Trong xu th hi nhp hin nay, cc tiu chun ny cn c xy dng v chuyn i thnh cc Qui chun k thut hoc Tiu chun Vit Nam theo yu cu tiu chun ho ca nh nc. Xy dng d tho Qui chun k thut hoc Tiu chun Vit Nam y , cp nht cho thit b in thoi v tuyn GMDSS nhm phc v cho cng tc qun l, chng nhn hp chun thit b dng cho mng thng tin hng hi Vit nam. 2 S c r sot tiu chun 2.1 Tiu ch r sot tiu chun Sot xt phm vi ng dng, ni dung cc yu cu k thut trong cc tiu chun. p ng tnh chnh xc, y , cp nht v tnh ph hp vi thc tin s dng cng nh mc tiu qun l thit b thng tin hng hi. 2.2 Ti liu tham chiu chnh Cc ti liu tham chiu , tham kho dng trong cc tiu chun c r sot lin quan n cc qui nh, th l v tiu chun quc t v thit b thng tin an ton hng hi. Cc ti liu ny c cc t chc tiu chun quc t thng xuyn cp nht p dng chung cho ngnh hng hi quc t. 2.2.1 Yu cu tiu chun ho, hi nhp 2.2.2 Phng php r sot Thc t khai thc trong v ngoi nc Phm vi p dng m bo ph hp vi thc tin v cc qui nh, chnh sch hin ti Tnh cp nht v ph hp ca ti liu tham chiu: R sot cc ti liu tham chiu v thit b thng tin hng hi ca cc t chc tiu chun quc t mi cp nht; la chn cc tiu chun ph hp vi mng thng tin hng hi Vit nam hin ti lm ti liu i chiu. Kim tra tnh chnh xc v ni dung: R sot tiu chun: sot xt ni dung, phm vi p dng, loi b cc qui nh khng ph hp vi mc tiu qun l v hin trng mng thng tin hng hi. Sot xt b cc, vn phm, dch thut trong cc tiu chun cn r sot. xut hng sa i: Thc hin sa i, b xung, cp nht ni dung tiu chun c hoc thay th bng tiu chun mi ph hp hn p ng yu cu qun l thit b v hin trng mng thng tin hng hi. Chuyn dng QCKT hoc TCVN: Trn c s phn tch tnh cn thit, kh nng p dng ca tiu chun xut chuyn i dng cc tiu chun r sot thnh qui chun k thut 6

hoc tiu chun Vit nam. Thc hin chuyn nh dng qui chun k thut hoc tiu chun Vit nam theo qui nh cho cc tiu chun r sot. 3 Kt qu r sot tiu chun 3.1 R sot tiu chun: Thit b in thoi v tuyn UHF- Yu cu k thut, m s TCN 68- 206: 2001 - Ti liu tham chiu Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-206: 2001 c son tho trn c s chp thun p dng tiu chun ETSI ETS 300 720 ed.1 (1997-03) . Tiu chun ny qui nh nhng yu cu k thut thit yu i vi UHF trn thit b in thoi v tuyn ca cc tu thuyn ln v cc h thng hot ng trn cc tn s c phn b cho cc dch v di ng hng hi theo cc Quy nh v tuyn ca ITU. Tiu chun ETSI ETS 300 720 ed.1 (1997-03) l phin bn u tin ny c ban hnh thng 03/1997.
2007-12-10

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ETSI EN 300 720-1 V1.3.2 (2007-10) Latest document information Download Reference:REN/ERM445400 bytes (49 TG26-078-1 Source:ERMTG26 Pages) Former price code: I Title: Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) on-board vessels communications systems and equipment;Part 1: Technical characteristics and methods of measurement ETSI EN 300 720-2 V1.2.1 (2007-11) Latest document information Download Reference:REN/ERM126579 bytes (18 TG26-078-2 Source:ERMTG26 Pages) Former price code: C Title: Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) on-board vessels communications systems and equipment;Part 2: Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive

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Phin bn ban hnh mi nht hin nay ca ETSI ETS 300 720 ed.1 (1997-03) l b tiu chun ETSI EN 300 720. B tiu chun ny gm 2 phn: 7

ETSI EN 300 720-1 V1.3.2 (2007-07) : Quy nh cc c tnh k thut chung v cc phng php o kim ; ETSI EN 300 720-2 V1.2.1 (2007-06): Cc yu cu k thut thit yu theo Ch dn R&TTE -Phn 2 ny quy nh cc yu cu k thut thit yu s dng hiu qu ph tn v trnh can nhiu c hi; So vi phin bn u tin ETSI ETS 300 720 ed.1 (1997-03), ETSI EN 300 720-1 b xung, cp nht v thay i rt nhiu thng tin trong cc mc (3.1-nh ngha; 3.3-cc ch vit tt; 4.2- cc tn s; 4.6; 4.7; 6.1; ; 6.4; 6.7.1; 6.7.2; 7.2; 7.4.3; 8.1.3; 8.3.2.2;8.3.3.2;8.4.3; 8.5.3; 8.6.2; 8.7.2; 8.8.2; 8.8.3; 9.2.2; 9.2.3; 9.4.2; 9.4.3; 9.5; 9.6.2; 9.6.3; 9.7.2; .1.3; A.1.4;..); thay th 8.2-cng sut sng mang bng 8.2-cng sut bc x hiu dng cc i; thm ph lc B. c bit, phin bn mi s dng thit b c thit k hot ng vi khong cch knh l 25 kHz hoc 12,5 kHz hoc c hai; trong khi phin bn c ch s dng vi khong cch knh 25 kHz. ETSI EN 300 720-2 b xung cp nht mc 3.1; 3.3; 4.1; Cc sa i ny m bo tnh ph hp, cp nht ca tiu chun i vi s pht trin ca cc thit b in thoi v tuyn MF/HF cng nh cc qui nh ca cc t chc tiu chun quc t khc nh ITU, IMO,... - Nhng sa i b xung thc hin Ti liu vin dn c chn l: ETSI EN 300 720-2 V1.2.1 (2007-06) v ETSI EN 300 720-1 V1.3.2 (2007-07) ) Ni dung ca d tho quy chun c xy dng theo tiu chun ETSI EN 300 720-2 V1.2.1 (2007-06). Sp xp li b cc ca quy chun theo b cc quy nh ca B Thng tin v Truyn thng. B xung, cp nht v thay i thng tin trong cc mc theo ti liu vin dn R sot chnh sa rt nhiu li dch thut ton b tiu chun c.

4 Chuyn i nhm cc tiu chun thit b in thoi thuc h thng GMDSS sang quy chun k thut Vit Nam Lut Tiu chun v Quy chun k thut (Lut s 68/2006/QH11) c Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam kho XI, k hp th 9 thng qua ngy 29 thng 6 nm 2006 v c Ch tch Quc hi nghuyn Ph Trng k, c nu r: 1. Tiu chun l quy nh v c tnh k thut v yu cu qun l dng lm chun phn loi, nh gi sn phm, hng ho, dch v, qu trnh, mi trng v cc i tng khc trong hot ng kinh t - x hi nhm nng cao cht lng v hiu qu ca cc i 8

tng ny. Tiu chun do mt t chc cng b di dng vn bn t nguyn p dng 2. Quy chun k thut l quy nh v mc gii hn ca c tnh k thut v yu cu qun l m sn phm, hng ho, dch v, qu trnh, mi trng v cc i tng khc trong hot ng kinh t - x hi phi tun th bo m an ton, v sinh, sc kho con ngi; bo v ng vt, thc vt, mi trng; bo v li ch v an ninh quc gia, quyn li ca ngi tiu dng v cc yu cu thit yu khc. Quy chun k thut do c quan nh nc c thm quyn ban hnh di dng vn bn bt buc p dng. Xt thy cc thit b in thoi v tuyn thuc h thng GMDSS (bao gm thit b gi chn s DSC; thit b in thoi v tuyn MF v HF; thit b in thoi v tuyn UHF) trong ti nghin cu m s 120-07-KHKT-TC u l cc thit b thng tin v tuyn in u cui, bt buc phi lp t trn tu, nhm m bo an ton cho cc phng tin v sinh mng trn tu. Cc yu cu k thut a ra i vi cc thit b ny l ti thiu v thit yu, nhm i hi phi tun th nghim ngt. Nhng yu cu k thut ny nhm m bo thit b v tuyn tho mn mt trong hai mc ch hay c hai mc ch sau: s dng c hiu qu ph tn s v tuyn c phn chia cho thng tin v tuyn mt t/v tr v ngun ti nguyn qu o sao cho trnh khi s can nhiu c hi v h tr cc c tnh bo m truy nhp vo cc nghip v cu nn khn cp. V vy nhm cc tiu chun thit b in thoi v tuyn thuc h thng GMDSS dng cho nghip v hng hi thuc loi bt buc p dng. Tun theo Lut s 68/2006/QH11 v p ng mc tiu qun l thit b v tnh cht bt buc p dng ca tiu chun ph hp vi yu cu hi nhp quc t, nhm ch tr ti xut chuyn tiu chun cc thit b in thoi v tuyn thuc h thng GMDSS (bao gm thit b gi chn s DSC; thit b in thoi v tuyn MF v HF; thit b in thoi v tuyn UHF) trong ti nghin cu m s 120-07-KHKT-TC sang khun dng Qui chun k thut quc gia. 5 Cc sa i theo kin ca Nghim thu c s Lm r hn trong phn Thuyt minh v vic nghin cu v kho st cc tiu chun cho thit b in thoi v tuyn thuc h thng GMDSS ca cc t chc tiu chun ho Hongkong, Singapore... Lm r hn trong phn Thuyt minh v nhng mc m ti liu vin dn phin bn mi nht b xung, thay i so vi ti liu tham chiu chun phin bn c v nhng s sa i thc hin i vi mi quy chun ca nhm thc hin ti. 9

B sung bng tham chiu ti liu vin dn i vi mi thit b (trang cui ca d tho ting Vit) vi cc tham s thit yu phc v cng tc hp chun. R sot cch dch thut. Kim tra v sa li ng nht nhng ch nh s nhm trong bn ting Anh v Vit. Vit ha cc hnh v, th hin li trang ba d tho theo mt ngn ng. B phn ti liu tham kho cui mi quy chun.

6 Kt lun Vic r sot cc tiu chun Thit b in thoi v tuyn UHFthuc h thng GMDSS l rt cn thit phc v cho cng tc qun l v chng nhn hp chun thit b. Nhm thc hin ti xut: Chuyn tiu chun trn sang khun dng Quy chun k thut v chng u l cc tiu chun bt buc. Nhm thc hin ti bm st v p ng y ni dung yu cu ca cng v hon thnh theo ng tin thi gian ca cng nghin cu.

10