TM HIU V BUS SCSI

Sinh vin:V Vn Linh

Ngoi cc chun kt ni thng thng cc PC nh: IDE, SATA, IEEE 1394, USB. Chun giao tip SCSI (Small Computer System Interface, c l skuzzy) thc cht l mt loi bus song song tc cao. Tng t EIDE, SCSI l bus iu khin dng d liu (I/O) gia b x l v thit b ngoi vi (thng dng nht chnh l a cng). Nhng khc EIDE, SCSI ni vo bus PCI thng qua host adapter thit b khng gi chc nng iu khin m ch iu phi, lin kt thit b SCSI thnh chui lun l. Nu xt v s lng thit b qun l, SCSI thc s mnh v c th qun l n 16 thit b (tnh c host adapter); trong khi IDE ch qun l c 2 a cng v EIDE h tr 4 thit b. Hn na, giao tip SCSI cn thch hp vi nhiu chng loi thit b: a cng, CD-ROM, CD-R, quang, my in, my qut, b chuyn a, card mng, Thng ta hay ni cc thit b nh a cng, CD-ROM vo my tnh qua hai lai cng IDE v SCSI. Trong khi cng IDE ch cho php ni vi hai thit b th SCSI cho php ni vi 16 thit b khc nhau. Trong khi cng IDE thng gn lin vi Mainboard th SCSI li dng card ring bit gi l SCSI-Control vi mt on cp bn chuyn dng (c mt s Mainbord c sn SCSI-Control). Mi thit b trong chui, k c host adapter, u c cp mt nh danh duy nht phn bit. nh danh thit b phi khng trng nhau v khng cn tng ng theo th t vt l. Hu ht host adapter SCSI u c cng trong v ngoi ngi dng linh hot m rng chui thit b. Khc vi cc chun giao tip a cng khc, bn phi t thit lp kt thc (terminate) ti hai thit b u v cui chui nhm loi b hin tng di tn hiu v m bo s ton vn d liu truyn trn bus. Thit lp terminate cng linh hot: c th dng jumper vt l hoc thit lp t phn mm. Chui thit b SCSI chun h tr n 8 thit b, s dng ID t 0 n 7. Card SCSI (host) thng chn ID 7 v khi ng h iu hnh t thit b c ID nh nht. Hu ht h thng SCSI t ID a cng khi ng bng 0, gi tr ID t 1 n 6 c dnh cho nhng thit b khng khi ng. Khi h thng SCSI khi ng, tt c thit b trn bus c lit k km vi gi tr ID. Card SCSI ch ly mt IRQ t h thng cn cc thit b gn vo adapter ny th khng cn. V th, h thng cho php m rng kh d dng. Ch cn gn thm card SCSI th hai, bn c th m rng thm 7 thit b na. Tuy nhin, dng adpater SCSI i (twin-channel) li hp dn hn: 15 thit b ngoi vi ch yu cu mt IRQ. c bit, thit b ngoi vi SCSI c th giao tip vi my tnh qua cng song song nhng tc thp.

Hnh 1: kt ni trn bus SCSI

V vt l SCSI l chun giao tip song song cho ti nay c mt s chun sau: SCSI-1 c lp vt l v giao thc 8 bit cn ng , khng cn bng, giao tip n s dng u ni 50 chn. C d liu v lnh u c truyn trn 8 ng dy data vi tc 5 MBps (5Mhz), chun ny cho php kt ni 7 thit b, n s dng cp A vi u ni 50 dy. SCSI 2 hay cn gi l FAST SCSI l bus s dng ch cn ng b cho lnh v ng b cho d liu. N c th truyn 8 bit vi tc 10 MBps (clock 10 Mhz) vi cp A u ni 50 chn, hoc truyn 16 bit vi tc 20 MBps (clock 10 Mhz) s dng cp B vi u ni 68 chn. S thit b s dng trn bus c th tng ln 15 thit b. ch cp B, s dng tn hiu vt l sai lch vi cp xon i c th tng khong cch truyn. Vi SCSI 3 d liu c truyn 8 bit vi tc 20 MBps trn cp 50 chn, hoc 16 bit vi tc 40 MBps vi chun cp 68 chn. S thit b c th s dng trn bus tng ln 16 (cho chun fast 10). Chun ny s dng cp P vi chun truyn tn hiu sai lch.Ngoi ra chun ny cn c mt s tc truyn nhn khc ty thuc vo b truyn nhn d liu nh: - SE (Single End): hot ng ch cn ng b n c cc ch Fast-5, Fast-10, Fast-20 tt c u truyn ch n cc tnh. - MSE (Multi Single End): cng l loi truyn cn ng b vi cc ch Fast-5, Fast10 v Fast-20 n cc. - LVD (Low Voltage Diffirence): truyn cn ng b c cc ch Fast-5, Fast-10,

Fast-20 v Fast-40 n cc hoc Fast-10 v Fast-80 cn bng. - HVD (High Voltage Diffirence): l loi bus 32 bit nhng khng cn s dng.

Hnh 2:kt ni cc thit b trn bus SCSI

Fast-20 chy vi tc 20 MBps (8bit) hoc 40 MBps (16 bit). Fast-40 chy vi tc 40 MBps (8bit) hoc 80 MBps (16 bit). Fast-80 chy vi tc 80 MBps (8bit) hoc 160 MBps (16 bit). Ultra SCSI [Fast-20] vi tc 20 MBps (8bit) hoc 40 MBps (16 bit). Thng thng cc chun nay s dng cp cc i 10 mt cho 4 thit b hoc 15 mt cho 5 thit b. Ultra2 SCSI [Fast-40] chy vi tc 40 MBps (8bit) hoc 80 MBps (16 bit), cp di cc i 12 mt. Ultra3 SCSI [Fast-80] chy vi tc 80 MBps (8bit) hoc 160 MBps (16 bit), bus ny bao gm kim tra CRC. SCSI-4 cn gi l Ultra 320 hay Fast-160 chay vi tc 320 MBps vi bus rng 16 bit. Chun ny s dng cp P 68 ng. SCSI-5 c tc truyn ging SCSI-4 nhng s dng loi cp c bit VHDCI (Very High Density Cable Interconnect) vi u ni P 68 chn.