1.

IDENTIFY PROBLEM
To understand the complex problem of the competition between two interacting species is by using discrete models

2. Concern with question

What do we want to know? The existing of the prey and of the predators The Behaviour of the System The critical point of the system The stability of the system The phase portrait

3.

Purpose and objective

The aim of this work is a detailed study of this model when the system has stable stationary states numerical examples which illustrate these behaviours are presented too. The absence of predators the number of prey grows exponentially and also that in the absence of a prey population, the number of predators decreases exponentially.

4.

Source of data and facts

Prey Predator Positive parameter a; b; d

5.

Is the answer is unique or not

NO

6.

Classify the problem

Deterministic

7.

Formulate mathematical model

Simplify:
System of differential equations of the number of the prey and of the predators The Behaviour of the System The critical point of the system The stability of the system The phase portrait

8.

Make assumption

Number of interacting species larger than two Assume a parasitic infection of the populations In the absence of predators the number of prey grows exponentially In the absence of a prey population, the number of predators decreases exponentially a, b, and d are real number and a, b and d , are nonnegative parameters

9.

Collect data
System of differential equations by using discrete models :

10. Variable represent

Independent : Dependent :

11. Relationship between variables

This model considers that in the absence of predators the number of prey grows exponentially and also that in the absence of a prey population, the number of predators decreases exponentially.

12. Mathematical Modeling

The discrete model consists of the following system:

Consideration it has two fixed points (the equilibrium points):

X1(0, 0) X2(

 From the discrete model: If we note generally the fixed point with X ( ), we will obtain

 Then, find the stability of the fixed point we obtain as below:

X1(0, 0),

X2(

),

It is spiral and stable point. Let,

The phase potrait is as below :