Bi tp ln g - Sinh vin thc hin: Triu Ngc Tng

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Phn Bi tp
Vi chi tit dng hp nh cho, yu cu thit k g
cho nguyn cng khoan l 10.
II, Thit k g cho nguyn cng 9: Gia cng l 10.
2.1. Phn tch:
gia cng c l 10 t c chnh xc v kch
thc nh yu cu, ta cn phi thc hin theo 2 bc:
- Khoan l 9.
- Doa l 10 t c kch thc yu cu.
Nh vy ta ch cn thit k g cho nguyn cng
khoan l 9 l do vi bc khoan v bc doa th bc
khoan lc ct cng nh mmen xon ln hn nhiu so vi bc
doa.
2.2. Lp s g:
Gia cng l 10 cn m bo vung gc ca tm
ca l ren vi ng tm ca l 25, m bo vung
gc vi ng tm ca l vi mt u.
Do vy ta dng phin t hn ch 3 bc t do nh v
vo mt A, dng cht tr ngn nh v vo l 25.
- Mt t: Mt A c gia cng tinh, ta s dng mt
phin t nh v ba bc t do ca chi tit, mt t
vung gc gia mt phng ny vi mt y v c nh
v bng cc vt cy vi thn g.
- Cht tr ngn: Cht tr ny khng ch 2 bc t do ca
chi tit. Cht c lm t vt liu thp Y8A, c cng
HRC50 60. Kch thc ca cht lp vi chi tit theo ch
H7
v lp vi thn g theo ch lp
n7
H7
trung gian 20
.
k7

c khe h: 25

2.3 Chn my:

Chn my khoan 216A.
2.4 Chn dao:
- Vi bc 1: Ta dng mi khoan thp hp kim.
- Vi bc 2: Ta dng mi doa.
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Bi tp ln g - Sinh vin thc hin: Triu Ngc Tng

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.5 Ch ct:
a, Bc 1: Ch ct ca khoan l 9:
- Ta dng mi khoan thp gi.
t=

Chiu su ct khi khoan l:

9
= 4,5mm
2

Vi vt liu ch to chi tit cng gt C4 l thp 45 c HB

240 300, vi lng chy dao l S = 0,12 mm/vng.
Khi tc ct khi khoan l: V =
Vi:

C v .D q
.K v
T m .S y

D: ng knh danh ngha ca mi khoan.

Cc h s ta tra c bng 5 - 29 (S tay Cng
ngh ch to my Tp 2), vi vt liu lm li ct l P6M5.
Cv = 7,0; q = 0,4;
m = 0,2; y = 0,7
Tui th ca mi khoan tra c theo bng 5 30
(S tay cng ngh ch to my Tp 2): T = 15 (pht).
H s: Kv = KMV. KHV. KLV
Trong :
KMV: H s ph thuc vt liu gia cng. Tra bng ta
c:
K MV

750

= k n .
B

nv

Vi:
kn: h s ph thuc nhm thp gia cng, tra bng
ta c kn = 1.
nv: h s m, tra bng ta c nv = 0,9.
B : gii hn bn ca thp 45, i vi chi tit cng
gt ta gia cng, vt liu s dng l thp 45, khi cha qua
nhit luyn ta c th ly: B = 700
Nh vy:

K MV

750

= k n .
B

nv

750
= 1.

700

0,9

= 1,064

KHV: H s ph thuc vt liu dng c ct, tra bng 56 (S tay cng ngh ch to my- tp 2) ta c: KMV = 1,0.
KLV: H s ph thuc vo chiu su khoan.
Vi chiu su khoan khong 7mm tra bng ta c KLV = 1,0.
Nh vy ta c vn tc ct ca bc khoan l:
V=

Cv .D q
7, 0.4,50,4
.
K
=
.1, 064 = 34,89 m/pht
v
T m .S y
150,2.0,120,7

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Bi tp ln g - Sinh vin thc hin: Triu Ngc Tng

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.6 Lp s tnh lc:
Khi mi khoan, hay mi doa tc dng vo phi mt
momen xon Mx v mt lc Po hng t trn xung. chng
li nh hng ca momen Mx ti yu cu gia cng ta phi tin
hnh cn bng chng bng momen ma st, mun th ta
phi dng c cu kp sinh lc kp ln sinh ra mmen
ma st kp cht v chng xoay chi tit khi gia cng.
Vi cch dng my khoan ng nh g ta thit k th
ch c tc dng ca momen xon l lm chi tit b xoay.
Tuy nhin di tc dng ca cht tr ngn v lc kp th c
th chng s xoay .
Tnh lc ct v momen xon:
* Khi khoan:
Mx = 10.CM.Dq. tx.Sy.kp
P0 = 10.CP.Dq.tx.Sy.kp
Cc thng s ta tra c bng 5-32(S tay cng ngh ch
to my- tp 2)
Vi Mx:
CM = 0,0345
q = 2,0
y = 0,8
Vi Po:
CP = 68
q = 1,0
y = 0,7
Thay s vo cc cng thc ta c:
Mx = 10.0,0345.92,0. 4,50,8.0,120,8.1 = 17 Nm
P0 = 10.68.91.4,50,8.0,120,7.1 = 4621 N
Cng xut ct:
1000.V 1000.34,89
=
= 1234 vng/pht
.D
.9
M .n 17.1234
Ne = x =
= 2,15 kW
9750
9750

n=

Tnh lc kp:
Do trong hai bc k trn gia cng l 10 ta d dng
nhn thy rng bc khoan l 9 l c momen xon ln hn.
Do vy ta ch cn tnh lc kp cho bc khoan l l m
bo iu kin kp cho c nguyn cng.
iu kin cn bng:
Mms = M;
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Bi tp ln g - Sinh vin thc hin: Triu Ngc Tng

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- tng tnh an ton khi kp cht ta thm vo h s an
ton k. Do ta tnh vi:
Mms k.M (1)
Vi s tnh nh hnh biu din trn g ta c:
- Phng ca lc kp vung gc vi phng ca lc tc dng
khi khoan.
- Ta cn phi tnh lc kp sao cho vi lc kp s sinh
ra lc ma st ln tho mn (1), ng thi khng
qu ln lm chi tit ca ta b bin dng.
Khi cng thc tnh lc kp s l:
W=

Vi:

k .M x
P0
1 D3 d 3
( f1 + f 2 ). . 2
3 D d2

k: h s an ton
f 1: h s ma st ca mt tinh trn phin t: f1 =
0,12
f2: h s ma st ca mt thn vi tm kp c kha
nhm: f1 = 0,6
P: Lc ct khi khoan.
H s an ton k c tnh nh sau: k = k0. k1. k2. k3. k4. k5. k6
= 3,0
Vi: D = 30
d = 22,5
Tnh lc kp khi :
W=

k .M x
3, 0.17000
P0 =
4621 = 734
3
3
1 D d
1 303 22,53
N
( f1 + f 2 ). . 2
(0,12 + 0, 6). . 2
3 D d2
3 30 22,52

Vy ch cn kp chi tit vi lc kp W = 734 N l

gia cng chi tit.
2.7 C cu kp cht:
C cu kp cht phi tho mn cc yu cu sau: khi
kp phi gi ng v tr ca chi tit, lc kp phi
ng thi khng lm bin dng phi, kt cu phi nh gn
thao tc d dng.
Khi ta s dng c cu kp n gin dng mi ghp
ren. Lc kp c phng chiu nh hnh biu din thng qua
u kp.
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Bi tp ln g - Sinh vin thc hin: Triu Ngc Tng

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Phng trnh cn bng khi sit bulng: Do ta xit bu lng
ti v tr gia ca tm kp nn ta c th xit bulng vi lc
kp 734N.
ng knh bulng theo cng thc tnh d theo chi tit
my T1:
Vi W = 734N = 74 kG
d

4.W
4.74
=
= 0, 76cm 7, 6mm
.[ k ]
.160

Chn ng knh bulng theo tiu chun l: d =10 mm.

2.8 C cu dn hng v cc c cu khc:
+ C cu dn hng:
Vi g khoan v doa th c cu dn hng l mt b
phn quan trng, c bit l vi l khoan nh nh nguyn
cng m ta thit k y. C cu dn hng gip xc nh
v tr trc tip ca mi khoan, tng cng vng ca mi
khoan trong qu trnh gia cng.
C cu dn hng ta thit k trong g ny dng phin t
c nh, bc dn c chn l bc thay nhanh.
+ Cc c cu khc:
C cu kp cht g ln bn my l bulng v ai c.
Thn g c chn theo kt cu nh trn bn v lp, thn
g c ch to bng gang.
2.9 Xc nh sai s g:
Sai s g cho php:
1 1
dg = c2 + k2 + m2 + ld2 + ct2 [ gd ] =
5 2

Trong :
k : Sai s do kp cht phi, trong trng hp ny lu kp
vung gc vi phng thc hin nn: k = 0.
m : Sai s do mn g, gi N = 4000 l s chi tit cn gia
cng ta c:
m = 0, 03. 4000 = 1,9 m
ld : Sai s do lp t g: ld = 10m
c : Sai s chun, nh s nh v chi tit ta c c = 40 m

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Bi tp ln g - Sinh vin thc hin: Triu Ngc Tng

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Sai s g t chun cho php trong s tay g:

[ ] = 70m
gd

Vy sai s g t:
dg = 702 (1,92 + 102 + 402 ) 56,5 m

Chn sai s ch to g l g = 55m

2.10 Nhng yu cu k thut ca g:
-Yu cu i vi thn g: Tt c cc thn g v
u phi c kh ng sut.
-Kim tra g: Phi kim tra tt c cc kch thc chun
(kch thc ca cc chi tit nh v), khong cch tm
ca cc bc dn. Kch thc c bn ca c cu kp cht
v kh nng a c chi tit gia cng vo lc kp cht
v rt chi tit gia cng ra khi tho lng
-Kim tra kh nng di trt ca cc chi tit di ng trn
g.
-Kim tra ch lp ghp ca cc chi tit.
-Sn g: Sau khi kim tra tt c cc b mt khng gia
cng u phi c sn du.
-Cc chi tit nh bulng ai c c nhum mu.
2.11 Nhng yu cu v an ton ca g:
-Nhng chi tit ngoi ca g khng c c cc cnh
sc.
-Khng c lm thay i v tr ca g khi ta thay i
hay iu chnh bn my.
- g c cn bng tnh v cn bng ng.
-Lp cc chi tit trn g nn c cc dng c chuyn
dng.
2.12 Nguyn l lm vic ca g:
Sau khi thit k v gia cng xong g gia cng chi
tit th qu trnh lm vic ca g nh sau:
- Lp cht tr ngn vo thn g.
- Nu l khoan th ta dng phin dn khoan cn khi doa
ta thay phin dn khoan bng phin dn doa.
- Mang c cm thn g va lp xong t ln bn my
v xit cc bulng kp. iu chnh g.
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Bi tp ln g - Sinh vin thc hin: Triu Ngc Tng

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ t chi tit vo ng v tr.
- t tm kp tm kp vo thn chi tit, dng dng c
xit cht bulng kep.
- Kt thc qu trnh g t v bt u gia cng chi
tit.

Ti liu tham kho:

1. g c kh ho v t ng ho - L Vn Tin 1999.
2. S tay v Atlas g - Trn Vn ch 2000
3. S tay cng ngh ch to my Trn Vn ch &
Nguyn c Lc.
4. Dung sai Ninh c Tn 2000
5. S tay hng dn thit k n mn hc Cng ngh
ch to my.

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