‫
ا

ا  ا
‬

‫ع ‪:‬‬

‫ااع ‪ LCD‬ا ‪laptop‬‬

‫  ‪:‬‬

‫   ‬

‫ا د ‪:‬‬

‫‪" #$‬ف‬

‫‪١‬‬
 ‫ااع ‪LCD‬‬

‫‪: TN‬‬
‫)‪:(Twisted Nematic‬‬

‫&  
 ‪#$ %‬ل !  ف و  و  و ار   دارا ود 
 ‬
‫‪ ٩٠‬در ‪.‬‬

‫)  ‪ -.‬ا & ت ‪0‬رگ ا‪(.+, -.‬‬

‫ا>ا ‪  3= STN ?9‬ا‪ -9‬و  <ر ;د ‪ :+‬ا‪ #9‬د  ا‪ -9‬ا ‪3،+5 678‬‬

‫‪AB‬ت  ‪ 59‬ار ‪ ++ 3‬ه  ‪F ,++‬ان ‪ -

D‬ا‪.-9‬‬

‫ا ‪B‬رف ;
  ه و & 
=د‪.‬‬

‫‪: HTN‬‬
‫)‪: (High Twisted Nematic‬‬

‫*)  ‪  "%‬در' &‪  %‬ل  ف و  و  و ار و  ود‬

‫‪ ١١٠  ١٠٠‬در' ‪' & .‬د ‪./‬‬

‫‪: STN‬‬
‫)‪: (Super Twisted Nematic‬‬

‫*)  ‪  "%‬ا‪2 3‬ان در'  ل  ف و  و  و ار دار‪.‬‬

‫ ‪ 4%‬دادن ود ‪ ١٨٠‬در' از ‪6‬و‪.%‬‬

‫" ‪ % :‬ع‪.89 LCD‬‬

‫ ‪ 4%‬دادن ود ; د و <
‪2‬ان رو‪$ = %8‬ن را ‪ A%‬ا @ب ?ب‬

‫ا رده ز‪%‬د ‪$‬د  زد‪.‬‬

‫‪٢‬‬
 (.‫د‬D ‫ار‬# ‫)ا وح & رد ا )د‬

.  ‫د‬G%‫ زرد ز ) ا‬/29 ‫ در ز‬, H‫  ا‬$ ‫ در رو‬IJ

./‫ ا‬%&
G 2G ‫  ع ه   در  م‬%L M# %2‫ه‬،‫د‬8  ? &
G ‫ در‬IJ

: FSTN
: ( Filtered Super Twisted Nematic)

‫ل‬T U‫ ا‬4@ A% .%.8  =P % Q ‫ اس  ان‬4%  )* M8

 .‫د‬D ‫ار‬# ‫ & رد ا )د‬/P)8 ‫ ا وح و‬./‫ ا‬8 P‫ اس  ان ا‬4%  )* 

‫ ز‬4U Y& ‫ از‬. ‫ ه‬V  8‫ ه رو‬MTU W3 ‫ و‬T ) ‫ را‬4%  )* ‫ل‬3 ‫ر‬9X

. ‫ ه  ه
ا )د‬MTU ‫ و  ا از‬T ‫ ا )د‬CCFL

.%D TSTN ‫ن‬$  8 %& J ;‫ا‬

(& ‫ ر‬4%  /=#  ‫"د و‬P  =U)

: Color STN
/'/‫ر‬$ ‫= ان‬P  D‫ ر‬4%  ‫ اس  ان ا‬4%  )* M8

: TFT
: (Thin Film Transistor)

.: ‫ ت‬M3 D‫ ا رده ر‬4%  )* ‫ل‬.P ‫ع‬

٣
 : OLED
: (Organic Electro Luminescent)

8; M3)‫ار ;د‬# ‫ان ال  د رد ا )د‬. ‫&ت‬6 ‫ و  ا در‬,/ ‫\ ال  د‬#‫در وا‬
. ‫رگ‬2 ‫ از *)ت‬9 "U /=# ‫(؛  وح ر & و‬M% ‫ه‬

.‫د‬D ‫ار‬# ‫   رد ا )د‬/%‫ ود‬/=.  ‫در ل‬

: ‫* د‬W? %‫  ان ااع ال  د را در 'ول ز‬M ‫در‬

LCD types : TN STN FSTN

Structure Twists nematic Twists nematic Replaces DSTN
crystals 90 degrees crystal about 260 compensation cell with
plastic film
degrees (opposing
twist directions)
Color Black/white Yellow-green/dark Black/white, multicolor
blue
Features • Low power • Large capacity • Large capacity display
consumption display • Thin, lightweight
• Thin, lightweight • Thin, lightweight • Low power consumption
• Low cost • Low power • Color display
consumption • High contrast
• High contrast
Problems or Cannot handle a Black/white display High contrast and high
large capacity not possible speed
advantages
(therefore, color
display not
possible)
Main applications Calculators, Word processors Word processors, laptop
electronic (monocolor) computers
organizers

٤
 : ‫ ه‬LCD  ‫` از )ه
او ط‬.
: Reflective

<<‫=د‬G
 G& JG‫ ر‬G:K ‫ د در‬#G9‫ا ا‬G . ‫ر‬GH ‫ر‬G !+ % ‫ و‬+‫ون ر  ز‬
Positive display ('on' pixels are dark)

: Transflective

‫ش د‬H 3‫ا در ? ه رو‬# +‫ ر  ز‬. 

  & J‫د‬0 ‫ل ر از‬9‫ار‬

Normally positive display <<+ ‫ا ا‬0.‫ ;

  ا‬

: Transparent or Transmissive

<< +,
 
  & ‫  دن‬,
 ‫ ر ه ا<اف‬.-9‫زم ا‬A ‫ ه
= ا دن‬+‫ر  ز‬
Negative display.

: Backlight

.,‫ ا دن &  در ر‬+‫ر  ز‬

: LED - Light Emitting Diode

P‫ ه ز‬Q ‫ا در‬# 3+R

‫ه‬.‫ د‬9 ‫ ال‬-= ‫ در‬+‫ا> رو‬8 ‫د‬7‫ ا ا‬,O ‫ل ه‬59
‫<ر‬

‫<ل ;
 زد و دارا‬، 6 ‫ف ق‬B  ‫ان‬# ‫ن‬V ‫ا‬0 ‫از‬. ‫ د‬#
 +‫ رو‬T;  ‫ د‬S

.‫ ار د‬A ‫ان و زد‬

: EL – Electroluminescent

. 9  V/ + A
S ‫؛‬-9‫  ا‬Q Q,Q -X9 ,#,Q‫! ا‬+ J 59  ‫ر‬

-XZ ‫ا‬0.‫ت را ون ا‬AB  ‫ ن‬.Z‫ ا‬-5D.-9‫ ا‬6 0 ‫ن‬V 

; ‫ و‬-9A ‫ن‬V ‫ف ق‬B
.‫ را دارد‬:V

: CCFL - Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp

,.‫ا‬F ‫ ا ره‬A #.  ‫ار [د و‬D  & ‫ ه‬Q ‫  در‬A< 
;  P‫ ا ز‬QQ
.‫دارد‬

٥
 : ‫ در'  د‬%‫رت ز‬6 ‫ &  ان ال  د ه را‬Qa  '  M ‫در‬

Outdoor Color LCD Type Outdoor Indoor Primary Limitations

Quality Quality
Rank Rank
High-brightness Tran missive TFT 1 1 High power consumption
Reflective TFT with no light source 2 7 Difficult to use indoors

Transflective TFT 3 3 Brand-new technology;

few available sizes

Reflective TFT with front light 4 4 Limited to small size
Modified Tran missive TFT 5 2 Expensive modifications
FSTN 6 5 Old technology;

very low contrast

Reflective STN with front light 7 6 Limited to small size;

very low contrast