Lira Fitrianti 081.0211.

037
Etiologi

Definisi
Ilmu pengetahuan atau teori tentang faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan penyakit dan metode masuknya penyebab penyakit(agen) ke tubuh penjamu.

Etiology,,,,,
Chemical Carcinogens Hormones Radiation Viruses Genetic Predisposition Personals Risk Behaviors

Chemical Carcinogens
Chemical carcinogenesis is quite complex. The frequency of exposure and the strength or potency of the chemical are important factor in the development of cancer. Enhance cancer development when used in combination with other chemical. Chemical carcinogens abound in our environment. Exposure to certain chemicals used in industry may lead to cancer in the workers. For examples, miners and farmers.

Hormones..
Hormones may increase the incidence of cancer. Excessive production of estrogen in the female may lead to cancer of the breast and uterus. And for male, cancer of the prostate is stimulated by hormone testosterone.

Radiation..
Ultraviolet(UV) radiation, X-radiation, and radioactive materials are all known carcinogens. About 1,000,000 case of skin cancer are diagnosed each year (American Cancer Society, 1999). Sunbathers, farmers, fisherman, construction workers, mariners, and anyone else having an extended exposure to the UV rays of the sun or tanning lights have an increases risk of developing basal or squamous cell carcinomas.

Viruses..
Hepatitis B virus has been closely connected to liver cancer.

Genetic Predisposition..
There is some genetic predisposition for cancer as evidenced by the increased occurrence of certain types of cancers in the same family. A woman whose mother or sisters have or have had breast cancer runs a five-times greater chance of developing breast cancer than other women. Genetic testing is now available to test for the breast cancer gene.

Personal Risk Behaviors..

Smoking and tobacco products use Alcohol use Sexual Behavior

Referensi,,,,,
Kamus Dorland. Principles of pathophysiology and emergency medical care.

Thanks for your attention ^.^