slElrlarlty

Instltute

j11 !lun6

lyl)

glEple Expet'lpentaL Test For the Inertlal Flld of a Rotatlr:a Reaf Mechanlcal oblect

&!Xgq!@3
bry!

For tb. last flvs years, thls lnvostlgator

Dqoh4nlcal propor:t1oa of rotatlng of certeln hgretofore

arrclotheral

atudlail tb,

obJects foJ' lli6 pu.pro;ortlsc of ro-

poac gl rDDllorilon trtlon to nay fo!!a atfcot.

uidlacovord

of propulslon

uachlnery ard machlnea wlth an antllnveBtl8ator haa not brn to

Sravt,tltlotrrl, tt? U lb to Dclfoot 1lrToatl6.lc rarult

Tbe ooursg of thls

:ray propuLsloD ltachlnery, the phenoDne of rotatlon.

per se, but howevr to thorou'h-

of & gr98.t d.ea1 of exporlEentatlon vhlch r6l4tog

(soo appendlx I),

irrlr l.esr.rl-

tad 1n a Dlctula

tbe pgrforoance of csrtaln

non-.on?ont1ona1 property .1r-,o,rl!alt to ih

Daahlnary 3 Dcan, I31thwa.1te, Wolfe, DePal-na, to a varlablq yhl,oh oan b oDgbd.rdthrough Dotlon of a rotatlng In tarla Dlol).rtla!

objocL. :ilat1ng

of the accptBDc of a new botly of lnforoetloii of rotat,lng obj6cts and ve,r1ab16 lnsrti.a,

a s1c;ie

expor'1ment

har to ta 4o"lsca! vhlcb olearly lorD3noo of axperlnents vlth I).rlrntrL allfflcultles

deEonstratos the new phnonenE, In ihe Jio!fLywhoels, th6ro ar Br6at x-

1ar6 rotatlng

whtch result

fnol! experlEentLng on the larse ro-

tgtlng lt

f\rwhoels thengellrea, Thlougb e serlea of co$oboretlDg oxprlEenta lnert,1a1 propertles of a rotstlng

hes been eEtabllshal the anlsotroplc

obJect Br sonferred on thg Epece eround, the obJect,. That ls to aay the apace around 4 rotetlng lsotropy. Irt obJect v1ll have confer:red upon lt En lnert1el an-

us aacrlbe thls to thE Eettlng up of en od (oild) f16ld tbro-

ugh rotat,lon of a rel pbyEloal obJct. th purpose of the expenlEent to be alesorl,bd 1s t,h aleterDlnatlon tbe aDlsotroplc lnertle prop!.ty. 18 a spetla]- 1nproof on of the proprtla of an od. fleld,.

Ihe D(Derlpent3 A good r|ey to d.etect a f1e1al lrhos offect ertle1 anlsotropy

1s to ua E tlDo DsarfEont basd. on en 1nertlal

prty ol space and coEpEre lt

to e reEote reference. Wltb refernc to f1g_

ur (I) we lrave a sLtuatlon vbere the t,lDekeplng rate of Bn Aocut,ron tun1t fork regulatoal vrl8t!.Btoh 1E coEpared to that of an ordlnary electrlo olock wlth B gyncbroDoua avo6p Eecond hanal, the Accutron i1oep16ce ls spc1f1ed,to be accurate to one Elrl|.lto e tlonth. Eranlnatlon of tha relatlve colblnatlon tfuoe dlrl ft ol the Accutron - elecdrtc.qlock

shovs a cuoulatl"e

d.r1ft of .25 socond Accutron ahead for 4 1s nlthln the speclflcatlon of the

hou.!.sof steady state operatlon. Ihls

ltatch.

lllth

ths flyvheal

splnnlhg at T600 r.p.n.

and run steadlLy

for 1OOOsec-

o!d8 (17 nlnuts), c].ock. ltuch erperl@ntatlon 61t1on of tho tudn6

ttrs Acoutron 1osE .9 socoltl rel-at1ve to tlle elsctrlc

has Btrownthat

tb effect, is greatst

wlth the po-

fork aE Ebown. Megnetlc elfects

froD leaksge flel-ds

ftrgE the Sjrro djr1Yg notorE are slDoEt ege ls rnoYed, bY co-netlo rr1191-segne ll,crr envolope. The purposs of the erPerlDent cts ot the od fleld
rlagnetlc

entlrely

sbsent'

aDy reDalnlll8 ls also

leak1n a

Eb1e1dlng.

fhe Accutron

ts a Elnpl-e dslonstratlon

of one of the ff-

of a rotatlng

obJct. Tho deEonstr4tlon nay 4611y be obJoct6' notor flywheeLs' u6o'l 1n thoao ex16 4811y ac-

trcpeetgd,uslng any oEe ol a \t4r1ety of rotatlDg olal gyrocotlpasEs gtc. the rotetlrl8

Eess of tha f1F.hsel8

prlEsnta ts 29+ pounalB. Tbe rotetlaDEl ca6eb19. Th 6ltct r:otetlng Flnsr objoct ls roughly

Eped of 7600 r.p.ro. to th r4dlud apeod' electrlcall-y countor' objoct

proportlglt4l

attd DaEs of tho

and to tho square ot tbe rot,atlolAl

rnsBEureEont6 can bo Daale u81ng en xterlra1 and an electronl'c fr.queloy

pol.et.ed tuD-

lng fork oacllX&tor 1nertla1 qulokly

In thLs caao tho can bo Euch oore along

a,nlsotroPy ot tJlg od fleltl eDd pr6ols6ly Maguretl. Flelil 6b1lt

ol s rotatlr]g strength

l1neB can bo plotted

contou.la ol ooDatant frequcloy lork vlbratlon tailon alneotlon

for thg two orlentatlon aDd perprdlcular to'

co!d1r,1ona of tha axls of ro-

paratlel

to,

of ths io6t

obJeot. eDd evaluatlons cf the

CoDclusloDs Ant Observatlotrs 3 The proper conclualon!, abovo xperlEont w111 affsct can happen, Elople tosts phenoEe!8. It vldely 1) Erle Appondlx:

present conceptlons of CosDolo$r. Bofor th16

Eut be perlornal to thow the exlstance ol 4 Dew fon the porforEanco of these toste 18

18 hopeit the &pperatus

enough arel1ab1o lrlthr.alte,

to lcad to qulok var1flcstlon. Edv4rd DLvera rtroasu!Eelts enlsotroplc lnel'tla of a rotatlng bodY.
1!aa. ,l

Johr 3. ltolfa'

Axla1 Eo&ent of lngrila d.nongtretlDg perduluE expsrlEents

auJ4^

synchronous efcctric clock lrith iccutron v/atch attaclcd to facer second hands al1i6.ned

s'^",.
l20 Vt 60external lower

\72

/
tunins fork (horizontal )

nagnetic shield ( co-ne t ic foll annealed) vertical axi3

7j
11 lb

-;;

alul1inuri

'.-|

L_

2 in _---r
I

10 in ----------------

flywheel lrcieht : 29;i 1bs fLyrdreel6?eed: spin dircction I

scale in lnches (16 actual s i.ze )

InertiaL

lield

f,r(Dlirent

Iicure 1
d.6 ' 6sg

Pendulun fx.e!iient

,ata

l{.tch 1? | 197,

Caoeatry

f1lrwheel orl.ntat ion

Peiiod DcaAUfelentt

for ten swin6s (seconis ) avelag

unarr!g1zcd

'\

*9I

.u.v

2 3 . a o t-

'v -

A -' '. - ' " ^ ^ r < '

Lenc*r ?7f,"

!-0-r .ntrgiz.d

je.6o5) zu.ooar
28.oo, 23.ooo
2.i . OO5 27 .995

28.0o50

ir
I

F.,.oo,,,
-*------------.,, ""A" ---------'"'""-'

{,: I
I

it

l-tz'-i

!n.rBizad

--+--

,;:;;6

2J.015 2h .oc5 .-

uncnarglzad

?tn

Ya!aaglzad

ii:ii3----------....-"'"' ,. ..," |tr'.li;8

2 ?. 7 2 0 27.745 27,?40 2?.7 20

h--- -'r..,

.il._
l1

2?.?112

| zrt f-)r--1
taote: each nersu!6aent the to dtetrin

il

ae:rreser':ts ihe avera6e of ten measurer:eals iaketr t i l e d u r a t i o n . o f t e n s w i n i s o f the pendulue

Pen(lulum .;xrcri"len t

)ata

Uar.\

17 ] 1075

f];lrheel orientation

nunbe! of nessureneits

Evera:e period (seconds)

stenilar:{l deviation

u n en c 1 6 i ? e d

-+

--,

Ao

2.3oo?5: .ooo14 sec.

.002g6

unenerSlzed

-- -- c nergized'

zo

2.aoo25 . .oOOlO scc.

.oo192

40
energized t

Z.8oo12 , .00006 .sec.

.oc,zt?

*- -+- -

40

z . A o o 8 ?! . 0 0 0 0 6 s e c .

.oo249

u n e n ef 6 i z e d

t6-

40

e.??tz5 !.oooli

soc.

.00426

energized'

tll/-

40

z.??i1z!,ooolo sec.

.ool9g

'notei

tlro rO-Ib flywheels rotatins

oppocite directions

at 2600 rDs

Elast i.c c o l 1 i s i o n , l x r : e r i l e n t

Jata

Fcb- 10' 1975

ltaohinc (A) weighs 2r4 lbs and can be edetgized (tuo ro-lb flyl{heels lotate in opposite directions at 7500 lpo). UEchine (8) weiahs 2r4 lbs and is oot energized durj'ng any of these nts. expeIL'oe

I)

collision

of (i)

i.nto (B);

(A) released floB D=2o'o cio. o volt6 to-(A) dotors'

not ion of ( B)

40 volts !otion of (B) 18..1 cd 13.2 cn 18.29cra 17.9 ci 17.8 ca 1?.8 ca 17.9 ca 18.0 crl 1?.8 ca 1?-9 ct^ AY6rsB. 17.96 cll
)\thcn (A) ,?rcn (A ) II)

to (A) cotors' res i.dual $otion of (A) 2.2 ctl 2.0 cd 2.05cid 2.2 cu 2.4 ca 2.2 ca 2.t cd 2.1 cD 2.t ca 2.t cb

7500 rPd total oo! 10n

0 rpd

residual uotioB of (A) 2.t ca

total
doll0tt

ao,t

cB
1J. C cr!

20.1 c6 2o.0 cttr 2o.0 cd 20.1 cn 20.1 cdl 20.2 co 20.16 cn

1 ?. 6 , c a , '17,6t cn,
17.9 17.5 1?.3' cd c6 cs

a.4 2.4 2.t 2.t 2.1 2.4

ca cn c6 cd cn co

17.75 cn

2.2rctr z.to cd

19.95c8, 20.0 co 2o,4 co 20.1 cE 19-95ctr 19.95cf! 2O.o cr 2o.o cd 20.1 crd 2O.O ca 20.04 cd

( P ) : o e s 1 9 1f u r t h e a i t r e b o u n d s 5" less of (B) into (A)i (:)

than,.ieD (,, ) is quiescent than lrhen ( . . ) i s q u i e s c e n t fron )=2o.o c!.

Collision

released

40 volts
aol aon of (A )

to (A) notorsr 7600 lpd residual aot ion total

liotion

o volts
10t ion of (A)

to (l\) notols, res idual ':ot 1.0n of (B) 1.5 cn '1.4 cn

o rpo

of (ts)
1.9 cn 1.6 cd 1.5 c^ '1.6 ca 1.9 cm 1.3 cn 1.6 cn 1.9 cd 1.72 c^

total EOt iOU 19.7 ca

1 ?. 9 14.4 14.4 18.4

co

19.8 co 2O.o cn 20.0 clo 19.9 cd 2o.0 cra 2O.O cn 2C.1 cn 19.9 ctl 2o.o cro 19-98 co

13.1

cn

1.1.4 cn

1.45co
1.4 ci1

19.9t ca 't().95 cn 19.49 cd 20.05 c:r

20..O cE

1:.4i

co

18.1 Ir.tal. 12.2? cs

24.a5 cr '19.9 cd 19.90 co

oves -t: less.t::an ! en qu:r :r'hen (t) is erer-_ized and colliCed ulon it (A) ls enetgized (E) rebounds 1.2' aore than ,hen ().) i5 quiescent iftcn

-,--Jr.:-':-:--=t

i'ru]"i
\.--, oid vi.cv

slale vier

F18t!e

2. Pendulud Experident

GePdatly

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Po

!r9 tv

6d

'

driro

,h

_1_
----l--

1i!

/ -

,tu'i^,.
coac

steel shaft

ona ol tblaa lixin6 !cr.?r

I
I I

rol-1er
bea!j.nBs

baIf aludinud inuE\\\N:})s!l

bearin8

lt L-!calc

-l
I

cylinde!

1in

8in 10 tr

1Bcb6r

Dctails

of tb.

Force y,.rch'.!e al}rl..eel

-r
cYcIes

,oo

I
I
f!equcncy I dlffe16Bt ial bctraen !aco lver oacl.llator ,oo lld tlansDitted c y cI e a trcqu.ncy of .trtlon WRBR ll.e York, 106.7 dc cYcls

,oo

I
quiescent

cYcIcs

too

cYcles

12t t i-do (oeconds ) --....+

o.aph 2.

Radio F!.equency chift

Expeli.delt