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Uses of Runes
(5) Runes were used for many ordinary and extraordinary things. Ordinary Vikings used them to label household items and personal belongings like the fishing sinker pictured above. Viking merchants used runes to keep records of items bought and sold. Viking warriors decorated their swords with runes to identify the owners. Because the Vikings though the runes were magical, the believed their weapons became stronger in battle. Warriors who knew how to read and write runes could blunt enemies weapons, break chains, cure illnesses and guard against witches. The runes were also carved on amulets, pieces of jewelry worn by a deceased Vikings for protection in the next world.
Feh
(fe)
Reid
(ride)
Viking Runes
Vocabulary Match the following meanings with words contained in the passage paragraph in brackets. Use the context of the sentence to help you identify the correct word. (1) (2) (4) (4) (5) (5) (5) (7) (8) (8) (8) (9) (11) Very old . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ The all powerful Viking god . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ A tool used for carving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________
A punctuation mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ Dull, not sharp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ Add colours, ribbons etc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ Uncommon, out of the ordinary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ Special words written on a card, letter or plaque . . ______________________
Unwanted letters and pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ A very quick look . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ Rocks containing pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ Exile, remove, send away . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________ Spoken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ______________________
Mark and X on the word that doesnt match the meaning of the word in bold print in each of the following. a. b. c. d. e. f. reconstruct praise excavate mark removed mocked rebuild scolding bury label added humiliated reconsider tribute unearth scribble extracted praised
True or False
____ Viking alphabet letters are called runes. ____ Viking runes contain both straight and curved lines like our own. ____ There are no traces of Viking runes outside their Scandinavian homeland. ____ Viking who knew how to read and write runes were considered magical. ____ Runes were used to label pots, pans and clothing. ____ A merchant could keep track of people who owned him payments with runes. ____ Warriors didnt like runes because they thought they were bad luck. ____ Runes were used to mark headstones.
Comprehension Questions
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. How does Viking mythology explain the origins of runes? Why did the Vikings use only straight lines for the letters of their alphabet? How did ordinary Vikings use runes? How did Viking warriors use runes? Why did the use of runes come to an end? Why are the Viking runes of importance to archaeologists?
Your Name
Using the alphabet on the next page, write your own name in Viking Runes in the space below. The Viking read their runes from right to left.
Your Turn
Create a monogram using your own initials. Be sure it is balanced. Compare yours to your classmates. Use your rune monogram to identify objects that belong to you. Using self-hardening clay or plasticine, create a pendant with your monogram. Using string and plastic/wooden beads and the pendant, make your own Viking rune necklace.