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04 MomentDistribution
04 MomentDistribution
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION
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General Beams
Symmetric Beams
L1 /2
L1/2
L2
EI
L3
kCC
COF = 0.5
4 EI
=
L
C
k DC =
2 EI
L
COF = 0.5
K(BC) = 4EI/L2,
K(CD) = 4EI/L3
2
CB
L1 /2
L1/2
L2
EI
L3
K(AB) = 3EI/L1,
k AA
COF = 0
3EI
=
L
K(BC) = 4EI/L2,
0
C
K(CD) = 4EI/L3
L1 /2
L1/2
K(AB) = 3EI/L1
L2
K(BC) = 4EI/L2,
EI
L3
K(CD) = 4EI/L3
Kjoint = KT = Kmember
L1 /2
L1/2
w
EI
L3
L2
DF =
K
K
Notes:
- far-end pined (DF = 1)
- far-end fixed (DF = 0)
A
DF
DFBA) DFBC
C K(CD)/(K(BC) + K(CD) ) D
DFCB DFCD
K(BC)/(K(BC) + K(CD) )
0
5
(EI)1
L1 /2
L1/2
A
DF
CO=0
L2
(EI)3
L3
DFBA DFBC
DFCA DFCD
CB(DFBC)
CB(DFBC)
(EI)2
CB
CB( DFBC)
B
D
0
CO=0.5
CB( DFBC)
50 kNm
2EI
3EI
B
4m
3EI
C
4m
8m
8m
L1= L2 = L3
A
DF
B
1
CO=0
0.333 0.667
0.5
50 kNm
50(.667) 50(.667)
50(.333)
50(.333)
D
0.5
CO=0.5
16.67
(EI)1 M
L1 /2
(EI)2
L1/2
(EI)13
L2
L3
L1= L2 = 8 m, L3 = 10 m
A
DF
B
1
DFBA DFBC
MF MF
0
0
MF(DFBC)
C
DFCB DFCD
D
0
MF
MF( DFBC)
0.5
EI
wL22/12=16
1.5PL1/8=30 B
L1 /2
L1/2
wL32/12=25
L2
L3
L1= L2 = 8 m, L3 = 10 m
A
DF
B
1
0.4
C
0.5 0.5
0.6
D
0
14
30
0
0
5.6
30
5.6
16
16
14
0.5
B
8.4 8.4
4.2
10
Example 1
The support B of the beam shown (E = 200 GPa, I = 50x106 mm4 ).
Use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams,and qualitative
deflected shape.
20 kN
3 kN/m
2EI
3EI
B
4m
4m
8m
11
20 kN
3 kN/m
2EI
CO
30
4m
[FEM]load
Dist.
K2 = 4(3EI)/8
K2/(K1+ K2)
0.333 0.667
-30 16
-16
4.662 9.338
4.669
CO
-25.34
25.34
20 kN
A
6.83 kN
8m
K1/(K1+ K2)
16
0.5
4m
K1 = 3(2EI)/8
DF
B
0
0.5
3EI
16
-11.33
24 kN
25.34 kNm
13.17 kN
B
13.75 kN
11.33 kNm
10.25 kN
12
3 kN/m
20+10
16
3EI
4m
16
8m
3(2 EI )
B 30 (1)
8
4(3EI )
=
B + 16 (2)
8
M BA =
M BC
MBA
MBC
+ MB = 0: -MBA -
MBC = 0
(0.75 + 1.5)EIB - 30 + 16 = 0
B = 6.22/EI
MBA = -25.33 kNm,
MBC = 25.33 kNm
M CB =
2(3EI )
B 16 = 11.33 kN m
8
13
20 kN
3 kN/m
A
6.83 kN
4m
V (kN)
4m
6.83
11.33
B
13.17 + 13.75 = 26.92 kN
8m
13.75
10.25 kN
x (m)
4.58 m
-10.25
-13.17
27.32
M
(kNm)
6.13
+
-
x (m)
-11.33
-25.33
Deflected
shape
x (m)
14
Example 2
From the beam shown use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams,
and qualitative deflected shape.
50 kNm
10 kN
2EI
3EI
B
4m
5 kN/m
4m
3EI
D
C
8m
8m
15
10 kN
50 kNm
5 kN/m
2EI 15
A
B
0.5
4m
4m
26.67 26.67
0.5
8m
K1 = 3(2EI)/8
K2 = 4(3EI)/8
K1/(K1+ K2)
DF
K2/(K1+ K2)
K2/(K2+ K3)
0.333 0.667
Joint couple
40 3EI
0.5
8m
K3 = 3(3EI)/8
K3/(K2+ K3)
0.571 0.428
-16.65 -33.35
CO=0
50 kNm
50(.667) 50(.667)
50(.333)
50(.333)
CO=0.5
16
10 kN
5 kN/m
2EI 15
A
B
0.5
4m
4m
26.67 26.67
0.5
8m
K1 = 3(2EI)/8
K2 = 4(3EI)/8
K1/(K1+ K2)
DF
Joint couple
CO
FEM
Dist.
CO
Dist.
CO
Dist.
50 kNm
K2/(K1+ K2)
0.333 0.667
K2/(K2+ K3)
40 3EI
0.5
8m
K3 = 3(3EI)/8
K3/(K2+ K3)
0.571 0.429
-16.65 -33.35
-15 26.667
-3.885 -7.782
0.953
-0.317 -0.636
1.109
-0.369 -0.740
-16.675
-26.667
1.905
-3.891
2.218
-0.318
0.181
-36.22
-43.28
-13.78
40
1.437
1.673
0.137
43.25
17
50 kNm
10 kN
2EI 36.22
13.78
4m
4m
5 kN/m
43.25
43.25 3EI
8m
8m
10 kN
40 kN
36.22 kNm
B
43.25 kNm
C
Ay = 0.47 kN
ByL = 9.53 kN
CyR = 25.41 kN
D
Dy = 14.59 kN
40 kN
43.25 kNm
13.78 kNm
B
ByR = 12.87 kN
C
CyL= 27.13 kN
18
50 kNm
10 kN
A
2EI
5 kN/m
C
3EI
14.59 kN
0.47 kN
4m
V (kN)
9.53+12.87=22.4 kN 27.13+25.41=52.54 kN
4m
8m
8m
12.87
0.47
-9.53
30.32
x (m)
-14.59
-27.13
1.88
21.29
x (m)
-36.22
Deflected
shape
2.92 m
2.57 m
13.78
M(kNm)
25.41
-43.25
x (m)
19
Example 3
From the beam shown use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams, and
qualitative deflected shape.
2EI
40 kN
10 kN/m
50 kNm
40 kN
D
3m
3m
EI
9m
3m
20
2EI
40 kN
50 kNm
10 kN/m
120 kNm
D
30
30
3m
Dist.
CO
-4.5
45.5
9m
3m
K2 = 3(EI)/9
K1/(K1+ K2)
Joint couple
CO
20
FEM
30
Dist.
EI
0.5
3m
K1 = 4(2EI)/6
101.25
0.5
DF
40 kN
K2/(K1+ K2)
0.80 0.20
40 10
-60
-30 101.25
1
-120
-9 -2.25
49
-120
21
40 kN
1
2EI
A
49
45.5
EI
B
3m
10 kN/m
50 kNm
3m
120
40 kN
D
120
C
9m
3m
40 kN
45.5 kNm
A
40 kN
1 kNm
B
120 kNm
C
Ay = 27.75 kN
ByL = 12.25 kN
CyR = 40 kN
90 kN
120 kNm
49 kNm
B
ByR = 37.11 kN
C
CyL = 52.89 kN
22
2EI
40 kN
10 kN/m
50 kNm
40 kN
D
EI
3m
V (kN)
27.75
+
M(kNm)
-45.5
Deflected
shape
52.89+40 = 92.89 kN
3m
40
37.11
-12.25
37.75
+
B
12.25+37.11 = 49.36 kN
3m
9m
27.75 kN
+
-
3.71 m
x (m)
-52.89
1
-
19.84
+
x (m)
-
-49
-120
x (m)
23
Example 4
The support B of the beam shown (E = 200 GPa, I = 50x106 mm4 ) settles 10 mm.
Use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams,
and qualitative deflected shape.
15 kNm
20 kN
12 kNm
3 kN/m
2EI
3EI
B
4m
4m
8m
24
15 kNm
20 kN
12 kNm
3 kN/m
B
A
2EI
4m
30
16
3EI
10 mm 8 m
0.5 4 m
6(2 EI ) 6(2 EI )
= 9.375
2
2
L
2L
6(2 EI )
L2
K1 = 3(2EI)/8
DF 1
Joint couple -12
CO
[FEM]load
[FEM]
6(3EI )
= 28.125
L2
[FEM]
K1/(K1+ K2)
K2/(K1+ K2)
0.333 0.667
5
12.90
10
5
-16
-28.125
25.85
12.92
CO
16
0.5
6(3EI )
= 28.125
L2
K2 = 4(3EI)/8
-6
-30 16
9.375 -28.125
Dist.
-12
-8.72
23.72
-26.20
25
20 kN
18.75-9.375
15 kNm
(9.375 )
2EI
4m
(20+10)load
4m
3 kN/m
(28.125)
3EI 28.125
(16)load
10 mm
8m
16
15 kNm
-12
4(2 EI )
2(2 EI )
M AB =
A +
B + 20 18.75 (1)
8
8
2(2 EI )
4(2 EI )
M BA =
A +
B 20 + 18.75 (2)
8
8
( 2) (1)
3(2 EI )
: M BA =
B 30 + 9.375 12 / 2 (2a)
2
8
4(3EI )
M BC =
B + 16 28.125 (3)
8
2(3EI )
M CB =
B 16 28.125 (4)
8
MBA
MBC
B
MB = 0: - MBA - MBC + 15 = 0
B = 23.9/EI
MBA = -8.7 kNm,
MBC = 23.72 kNm
2(3EI )
B 16 28.125
8
26
= 26.2 kN m
M CB =
12 kNm
2EI
A
12 kNm
15 kNm
20 kN
4m
8.725
4m
3 kN/m
23.7253EI
8m
20 kN
26.205
24 kN
8.725 kNm
B
26.205 kNm
23.725 kNm
Ay = 7.41 kN
ByL = 12.59 kN
ByR = 11.69 kN
Cy = 12.31 kN
27
15 kNm
20 kN
12 kNm
A
2EI
7.41 kN
4m
4m
3EI
26.205
12.59+11.69 = 24.28 kN
8m
12.31 kN
11.69
7.41
V (kN)
3 kN/m
3.9 m
x (m)
-12.31
-12.59
41.64
12
M
(kNm)
+
-8.725
-0.93
-23.725
Deflected
shape
10 mm
x (m)
-26.205
B = 23.9/EI
x (m)
28
Example 5
For the beam shown, support A settles 10 mm downward, use the moment
distribution method to
(a)Determine all the reactions at supports
(b)Draw its quantitative shear, bending moment diagrams, and qualitative
deflected shape.
Take E= 200 GPa, I = 50(106) mm4.
6 kN/m
B
2EI
3m
1.5EI
12 kNm
A
10 mm
3m
29
4.5+(4.5/2)
= 6.75
B
2EI
3m
1.5EI
3 m 0.5
100-(100/2) = 50
0.01 m
C
K1 = 4(2EI)/3
CO
[FEM]load
[FEM]
MF
10 mm
K2 = 3(1.5EI)/3
K1/(K1+ K2)
DF 0
Joint couple
4.5
0.5
12 kNm
6 kN/m
K2/(K1+ K2)
0.64 0.36
1
12
6
6.75
50
Dist.
-40.16 -22.59
CO
-20.08
-20.08
-40.16 40.16
12
30
12 kNm
6 kN/m
B
A
2EI
3m
-20.08
-10.16 40.16
20.08 kNm
B
20.08 kN
1.5EI
3m
12
40.16 kNm
40.16 + 20.08
= 20.08 kN
3
18 kN
6 kN/m
40.16 kNm
C
26.39 kN
12 kNm
8.39 kN
31
12 kNm
6 kN/m
B
2EI
1.5EI
3m
B
40.16 kNm
C
20.08 kN
40.16 kNm
V (kN)
6 kN/m
C
26.39 kN
26.39
12 kNm
Deflected shape
-20.08
20.08
8.39 kN
8.39
x (m)
+
M (kNm)
10 mm
3m
20.08 kNm
20.08 kN
12
x (m)
-40.16
x (m)
32
Example 6
For the beam shown, support A settles 10 mm downward, use the moment
distribution method to
(a)Determine all the reactions at supports
(b)Draw its quantitative shear, bending moment diagrams, and qualitative
deflected shape.
Take E= 200 GPa, I = 50(106) mm4.
6 kN/m
B
2EI
3m
1.5EI
12 kNm
A
10 mm
3m
33
Overview
6 kN/m
B
2EI
3m
12 kNm
A
10 mm
1.5EI
3m
6 kN/m
B
12 kNm
A
C
R
10 mm
R
R + R ' C = 0 (1*)
34
4.5+(4.5/2)
= 6.75
B
2EI
3m
1.5EI
3 m 0.5
100-(100/2) = 50
0.01 m
C
K1 = 4(2EI)/3
CO
[FEM]load
[FEM]
MF
10 mm
K2 = 3(1.5EI)/3
K1/(K1+ K2)
DF 0
Joint couple
4.5
0.5
12 kNm
6 kN/m
K2/(K1+ K2)
0.64 0.36
1
12
6
6.75
50
Dist.
-40.16 -22.59
CO
-20.08
-20.08
-40.16 40.16
12
35
6 kN/m
12 kNm
A
2EI
3m
-20.08
1.5EI
3m
-40.16 40.16
20.08 kNm
B
12
40.16 kNm
40.16 + 20.08
= 20.08 kN
3
20.08 kN
40.16 kNm
40.16 kNm
20.08
18 kN
6 kN/m
C
26.39 kN
12 kNm
8.39 kN
40.16 kNm
C 26.39 kN
R
+ Fy = 0 : 20.08 26.39 + R = 0
R = 46.47 kN
36
B
2EI 0.5
3m
1.5EI 0.5
R
3m
C
DF 0
6(1.5EI )(
Dist.
75-(75/2)
= 37.5
0.64 0.36
[FEM] -100
32
75
)
EI = 75
-100 +37.5
40 22.5
CO
20
-80
-60 60
60 kNm
80 kNm
46.67 kN
100
75
6(2 EI ) C
=
=
100
EI
32
60 kNm
C
20 kN
C
46.67 kN
46.67
20 kN
C
20 kN + Fy = 0 : R' = 66.67 kN 37
R
Solve equation
Substitute R = 46.47 kN and R ' = 66.67 kN in (1*)
46.47 + 66.67C = 0
C = 0.6970
6 kN/m
B
20.08 kNm
12 kNm
A
C
R = 46.47 kN
20.08 kN
8.39 kN
80 kNm
10 mm
46.67 kN
R = 66.67 kN
C = 0.6970
20 kN
12 kNm
6 kN/m
35.68 kNm
12.45 kN
2EI
1.5EI
A
5.55 kN
38
6 kN/m
35.68 kNm
2EI
12.45 kN
3m
12 kNm
A
1.5EI
10 mm
5.55 kN
3m
V (kN) 12.45
0.925 m
x (m)
-5.55
M (kNm)
1.67
-
14.57
+
12
x (m)
-35.68
Deflected shape
x (m)
39
Symmetric Beam
Symmetric Beam and Loading
P
real beam
VB
L
2
L
2
VC
+ MC = 0:
VB ' ( L ) +
M
L
( L)( ) = 0
EI
2
L EI
EI
conjugate beam
VB ' = =
M=
ML
2 EI
2 EI
2 EI
L
40
real beam
VB
B
1 M L M
( )( )
2 EI 2 EI
2
L
3
+ MC = 0:
1 M L 2L
VB ' ( L) + ( )( )( ) = 0
2 EI 2 3
VB ' = =
M
EI
1 M L
( )( )
2 EI 2
conjugate beam
VC
M=
ML
6 EI
6 EI
6 EI
L
41
Example 5a
Determine all the reactions at supports for the beam below. EI is constant.
15 kN/m
A
D
B
4m
C
6m
4m
42
15 kN/m
A
wL2/15 = 16 B
4m
wL2/12 = 45 C wL2/15 = 16
6m
4m
2 EI 2 EI
3EI 3EI
=
=
, K ( BC ) =
L
6
4
L
K ( AB )
K ( AB )
(3EI / 4)
( DF ) AB =
= 1,( DF ) BA =
=
= 0.692,
K ( AB ) + K ( BC ) (3EI / 4) + ( 2 EI / 6)
K ( AB )
K ( BC )
(2 EI / 6)
( DF ) BC =
=
= 0.308
K ( AB ) + K ( BC ) (3EI / 4) + (2 EI / 6)
1.0 0.692 0.308
DF
K ( AB ) =
[FEM]load
Dist.
-20.07 -8.93
A
0.98 kN
8
3
-16 +45
-36.07 +36.07
30 kN
4m
36.07 kNm
B
B
29.02 kN
90 kN
3m
45 kN
3m
30 kN
36.07 kNm
C
C
45 kN
8
3
4m
29.02 kN 0.98 kN 43
A
0.98 kN
8
3
30 kN
90 kN
36.07 kNm
B
B
4m
3m
29.02 kN
3m
45 kN
30 kN
36.07 kNm
C
C
45 kN
8
3
4m
29.02 kN 0.98 kN
15 kN/m
A
0.98 kN
V
(kN)
D
B
74.02 kN
6m
45
4m
0.98
-29.02
M
(kNm)
31.42
0.98 kN
29.02
-45
+
-
-36.07
Deflected
shape
C 74.02 kN
4m
x (m)
-0.98
x (m)
-36.07
44
Example 5b
Determine all the reactions at supports for the beam below. EI is constant.
15 kN/m
C
A
B
4m
15 kN/m
3m
3m
4m
45
15 kN/m
5wL2/192 11wL2/192
wL2/15 = 16
= 14.063 = 30.938
C
D
15 kN/m
15 kN/m
A
16
B 16.875
16.875
C
16
15 kN/m
46
15 kN/m
A
16
B 16.875
3m
4m
K ( AB ) =
DF
[FEM]load
Dist.
5.91 kN
16
15 kN/m
3m
4m
6 EI 6 EI
3EI 3EI
=
= EI
=
= 0.75EI , K ( BC ) =
6
L
4
L
( DF ) AB = 1,
16.875
C
0.75
= 0.429,
0.75 + 1
1.0 0.429 0.571
( DF ) BA =
( DF ) BC =
1
= 0.571
0.75 + 1
-16 16.875
-0.375 -0.50
-16.375 16.375
8
30 kN
3
45 kN
8
16.375 kNm
16.375 kNm
4m
3
B
C
D
B
C
4m
27.96 kN
24.09 kN
5.91 kN
27.96 kN 45 kN
30
kN
47
24.09 kN
A
5.91 kN
8
3
30 kN
45 kN
16.375 kNm
B
B
4m
16.375 kNm
C
C
8
3
4m
27.96 kN
27.96 kN 45 kN
24.09 kN 30 kN
24.09 kN
D
5.91 kN
15 kN/m
C
A
B
5.91 kN
V
(kN)
5.91
15 kN/m
52.05 kN
52.05 kN
27.96
27.96
-24.09
-24.09
D
5.91 kN
5.91
x (m)
16.375
M
(kNm)
x (m)
-16.375
Deflected shape
48
49
Example 6
From the frame shown use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams,
and qualitative deflected shape.
40 kNm
8 kN/m
48 kN
B
2.5EI
2.5EI
4m
3EI
5m
5m
50
40 kNm
8 kN/m
48 kN
B
A
2.5EI
0.5
KAB = KBC = 3(2.5EI)/5 = 1.5 EI
3EI
Joint load
CO
FEM
Dist.
2.5EI
0.5
5m
B
BA
BC
BD
DB
CB
0.25
0.25
0.5
-10
-10
-20
-45
5
-10
25
5
10
CO
4m
0.5
D
5m
DF
25
45
Member AB
5
0
-50
20
-10
-5
51
40 kNm
8 kN/m
48 kN
B
A
14 kN
C
20
2.5EI 50
10
3EI
5
2.5EI
16 kN
Member
58 kN
BC
BD
DB
CB
-50
20
-10
-5
40 kNm
34
24 3.75
20
50
48 kN
3.75
B 0
50 kNm
58
14 kN
BA
AB
58
10
40 kN
B
20 3.75
10 kNm
34 kN
24 kN
C 3.75
16 kN
3.75 kN
5
58
3.75 kN
52
40 kNm
8 kN/m
48 kN
B
A
14 kN
2.5EI
C
20
50
3EI
2.5EI
10
5
16 kN
4m
5m
5m
58 kN
35
10
16
20
50
Moment diagram
Deflected shape
5
53
54
Single Frames
R B
x C1
A
D
Artificial joint applied
(no sidesway)
0 = R + C1R
55
Multistory Frames
P2
P3
P4
P1
P3
P2
R2
P4
P1
R2
x C1
R1
R1
R2
x C2
R1
56
Example 7
From the frame shown use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams, and
qualitative deflected shape.
EI is constant.
16 kN
B
1m
4m
5m
A
57
Overview
16 kN
B
5m
A
1m
16 kN
C
4m
R B
5m
D
+
A
D
artificial joint applied
(no sidesway)
R + C1R = 0
x C1
A
---------(1)
58
a=4m
Pa2b/L2 Pb2a/L2
= 10.24 = 2.56
Equilibrium condition :
+ F = 0: A + D + R = 0
x
x
x
59
16 kN
1m
B
4m
10.24
5m
0.5
0.5
0.50 0.50
0.50 0.50
5m
FEM
Dist.
10.24
-5.12 -5.12
-2.56
1.28 1.28
0.64
-0.32 -0.32
-2.56
1.28 1.28
0.64
CO -2.56
Dist.
CO -0.16
Dist.
0.64
-0.32 -0.32
-0.16
0.08 0.08
0.64
CO -0.16
Dist.
0.04
-0.02 -0.02
-0.16
0.08 0.08
0.04
-5.78 5.78
-2.72 2.72
1.32
DF
2.56
0.5
5.78 kNm
2.72 kNm
C
5m
-2.88
D
0
Equilibrium condition :
5m
Ax = 1.73 kN D
2.88 kNm
+ F = 0: 1.73 - 0.81 + R = 0
x
Dx = 0.81 kN
R = - 0.92 kN
1.32 kNm
60
100 kNm
5m
5m
A
R
100 kNm
5m
100 kNm
100 kNm
D
Equilibrium condition :
+ F = 0: A + D + R = 0
x
x
x
61
5m
0.5
0.5
0.50 0.50
0.50 0.50
100
-50 -50
100
-50 -50
-25.0
12.5 12.5
-25.0
12.5 12.5
-25.0
6.5
-3.125 -3.125
6.5
-3.125 -3.125
6.5
CO -1.56
Dist.
-1.56
0.78 0.78
-1.56
0.78 0.78
-1.56
CO 0.39
Dist.
0.39
-0.195 -0.195
0.39
-0.195 -0.195
0.39
100 kNm DF
100 kNm
5m
0.5
100 kNm
5m
100 kNm
FEM 100
Dist.
CO -25.0
Dist.
CO 6.5
Dist.
60 kNm
60 kNm
C
5m
Ax = 28 kN
80 kNm
5m
80
60 -60
D
0
100
-60 60
80
Equilibrium condition: + Fx = 0:
Dx = 28 kN
80 kNm
-28 - 28 + R = 0
R = 56 kN
62
0.92
56
16 kN
16 kN
C
5.78
R B
2.72
2.72
5.78
2.88
1.32
1.73 kN
60
60
60
60
x C1
80
0.81
80
4m
4.79
3.71
4.79
5m
1.57
28
28
1m
3.71
5m
2.63
1.27 kN
D 1.27
63
8.22
16 kN
B
1m
4m
4.79
4.79
3.71
4.79
5m
1.57
4.79
3.71
3.71
5m
2.63
1.27 kN
3.71
13.01 kN
1.27 kN
D 2.99 kN
1.57
2.63
Bending moment
diagram (kNm)
Deflected shape
64
Example 8
From the frame shown use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams, and
qualitative deflected shape.
3m
20 kN/m
B
pin
C
3EI
2EI
3m
4m
4EI
A
D
65
Overview
20 kN/m
B
3m, 3EI
C
3 m , 2EI
4m , 4EI
C
R
+
A
x C1
D
artificial joint applied
(no sidesway)
R + C1R = 0
D
artificial joint removed
(sidesway)
----------(1)
66
0.471 0.529
1.00 1.00
-15.00
7.065 7.935
-7.94
7.94
A
D
KBA = 4(2EI)/3 = 2.667EI
7.94 kNm
+ F = 0:
x
60 - 33.53 - 0 + R = 0
60
A
3m
4m
Ax = 33.53 kN D
Dx = 0
18.53 kNm
R = - 26.47 kN
67
3m, 3EI C
100 kNm
3 m, 2EI
100 kNm
6(4EI)/(4) 2
6(2EI)/(3) 2
3m, 3EI C
100 kNm
4m, 4EI
3 m, 2EI
100 kNm
6(2EI)/(3) 2
3(4EI)/(4) 2
4m, 4EI
3(4EI)(75/EI)/(4) 2
= 56.25 kNm
A
D
3m
A
DF
3m
4m
56.25
52.9. kNm
76.45
1.00 1.00
100
-47.1 -52.9
56.25
0
52.9 -52.9
56.25
D
+ F = 0:
x
C
B
-43.12 - 14.06 + R = 0
4m
3m
A
0.471 0.529
CO -28.55
100
FEM 100
Dist.
0.5
0.5
0.5
100
Ax = 43.12kN
76.45 kNm
R = 57.18 kN
14.06 kN
56.25 kNm
69
26.47
57.18
20 kN/m
52.9 kNm
7.94 kNm
7.94 kNm
76.45 kNm
43.12 kN
33.53 kN
0
0
16.55 kNm
18.53 kNm
52.9
3m
x C1
56.25
D 14.06
3m
53.92 kNm
4m
53.49 kN
26.04 kNm
5.52 kN6.51 kN
D
5.52 kN
70
20 kN/m
B
16.55
3m
16.55
16.55 kNm
3m
53.92 kNm
4m
53.92
53.49 kN
26.04 kNm
5.52 kN6.51 kN
D
5.52 kN
Moment diagram
26.04
D
A
Deflected shape
D
71
Example 8
From the frame shown use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams,
and qualitative deflected shape.
EI is constant.
10 kN B
C
4m
D
4m
3m
72
Overview
10 kN B
C
4m
D
4m
3m
10 kN B
---------(1)
R + C1R = 0
+
A
D
artificial joint applied
(no sidesway)
x C1
A
D
artificial joint removed
(sidesway)
73
10 kN B
Equilibrium condition :
+ F = 0:
x
10 + R = 0
R = - 10 kN
74
6EIBC/(4) 2
6EIAB/(4) 2
100 kNm
R
3EICD/(5) 2
C
100 kNm
6EIAB/(4) 2
6EICD/(5) 2 4 m
D
4m
3m
C
B
= 333.334/EI
36.87
C
4m
CD
BC = tan 36.87 = 0.75
36.87
= 0.75(266.667/EI)
A
D
C
AB =
= 200/EI
4m
3m
75
100 kNm
R
3EICD/(5) 2 = 3(333.334)/52 = 40 kNm
100 kNm
A
Equilibrium condition :
+ F = 0: A + D + R = 0
x
x
x
76
75
75
R
C
0.5
100
100
D
4m
3m
0.50 0.50
0.625 0.375
CO -2.735
Dist.
1.953 -2.735
-0.977 -0.977 1.709 1.026
91.02
100 -75
-75 40
-12.5 -12.5 21.875 13.125
10.938 -6.25
-5.469 -5.469 3.906 2.344
34.38 kN
56.48
56.48 C
34.38 kN
CO -6.25
Dist.
34.38 kN
81.05
FEM 100
4 m Dist.
40
0.5
0.5
DF
43.02 kN
91.02
34.38 kN
34.38 kN
+ F = 0:
x
-43.02 - 39.91 + R = 0
R = 82.93 kN
39.91 kN
D
34.38 kN
77
---------(1)
C
C1 = 10/82.93
B
81.05
+
A
0
D
91.02
43.02 kN
0
10 kN B
9.77
A
4.15 kN
x C1= 10/82.93
39.91 kN
D
34.38 kN
34.38 kN
56.48
56.48
81.05
9.77
C
6.81
6.81
10.98
5.19 kN
4m
4m
4.81 kN
D
3m
4.15 kN
78
10 kN B
9.77
C
6.81
6.81
9.77
10.98
5.19 kN
A
4.15 kN
4m
4m
D
3m
4.81 kN
4.15 kN
9.77
9.77
6.81
10.98
D
Deflected shape
79
Example 9
From the frame shown use the moment distribution method to:
(a) Determine all the reactions at supports, and also
(b) Draw its quantitative shear and bending moment diagrams,and
qualitative deflected shape.
EI is constant.
40 kN
20 kN B
C
3EI
3m
4EI
4m
4EI
D
2m
3m
2m
80
40 kN
Overview
20 kN B
C
3EI
3m
4EI
A
D
2m
3m
3m
+
D
2m
R + C1R = 0
2m
40 kN
20 kN B
4m
4EI
2m
----------(1)
C
R
x C1
D
2m
3m
2m
81
20 kN
15+(15/2)
= 22.5 kNm
D
2m
3m
2m
Equilibrium condition :
+ F = 0: A + D + R = 0
x
x
x
82
40 kN
20 kN B
C
22.5
0.5
D
0
22.5
-13.5 -9.0
FEM
Dist.
CO -6.75
0.5
DF 0
15
0.5
-6.75
-13.5 13.5
D
2m
3m
2m
24.5 kN
15.5 kN
13.5 kNm
+ F = 0:
x
23.08 + 20 -7.75 + R = 0
B
40 kN
13.5 B
A
23.08 kN
6.75 kNm
24.5 kN
24.5 kN
R = - 35.33 kN
C
15.5 kN
7.75 kN
0
15.5 kN
83
3m
3.6
06
m
R
4. 4
3EI
m
72
4EI
4EI
D
3(3EI)BC/(3) 2 6(3EI)BC/(3) 2
100 kNm
6(4EI)AB/(3.606) 2
R
6(4EI)CD/(4.47) 2
100 kNm
6(4EI)AB/(3.61) 2
A
3(4EI)CD/(4.472) 2
D
AB = 54.18/EI
84
B BB
CC
C
C
R
26.57
33
.69 o
C
B
AB
D
BC
26.57
33.69o
=5
4.3
/E I
B
= B' C ' = 22.54 / EI + 30.05 / EI = 52.59 / EI
100 kNm
A
3(4EI)CD/(4.472) 2
= 3(4EI)(50.4/EI)/(4.472) 2
D
= 30.24 kNm
85
3EI
B 52.59
100
0.5
3m
100 0.5
4EI
A
4m
0.5
2m
3m
0.60 0.40
FEM 100
Dist.
100 -52.59
-28.45 -18.96
0
30.24
30.24
2m
23.85 kN
71.55 B
23.85
+ F = 0:
x
-68.34 - 19.49 + R = 0
85.78kNm
23.85 kN
1.00
30.24
71.55 kNm
68.34 kN
1.00
CO -14.223
23.85 kN
DF 0
4EI
D
R = 87.83 kN
C
23.85
19.49 kN
30.24 kNm
23.85 kN
86
-35.33 + C1(87.83) = 0
40 kN
20 kN B
35.33 kN
13.5 kNm
23.08 kN
A 24.5 kN
x C1
68.34 kN
30.24 kNm
23.85 kN
7.75 kN
90.59 kN
71.55 kNm
+85.78 kNm
6.75 kNm
C1 = 35.33/87.83
15.5 kN
19.485 kN
23.85 kN
40 kN
20 kN B
C
15.28 kNm
27.76 kNm
4.41 kN
12.16 kNm
14.91 kN
15.59 kN
25.09 kN
87
40 kN
20 kN B
C
15.28 kNm
27.76 kNm
4.41 kN
12.16 kNm
14.91 kN
15.59 kN
25.09 kN
37.65
15.28
27.76
12.16
Deflected shape
D
88