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Common Irregular Verb Forms

Arranged by Pronunciation Changes
Vowel and consonant changes Base form Past bring brought buy bought catch caught fight fought seek sought teach taught think thought Vowel change [i] to [ Base form bleed breed creep deal dream feed feel flee keep kneel lead leave mean meet read sleep sweep weep [i] to [] to [] Base form begin drink swim ring shrink sing sink spring stink

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Past bled bred crept dealt dreamt fed felt fled kept knelt led let meant met read slept swept wept

[i] to [] Base form cling dig fling sling slink spin stick sting string swing win wring [ai] to [au] Base form bind find grind wind

Past clung dug flung slung slunk spun stuck stuck strung swung won wrung

Past bound found ground wound

Past began drank swam rang shrank sang sank sprang stank

Participle begun drunk swum rung shrunk sung sunk sprung stunk

Miscellaneous vowel changes Base form Past come came hang hung hear heard hold held light hit or lighted lose lost run ran say said sell sold shine shone shoot shot sit sat slide slid stand stood strike struck tell told

Participle ending in n Base form Past awake awoke be was/were beat beat bite bit blow blew break broke choose chose do did draw drew drive drove eat ate fall fell Fly flew forget forgot forgive forgave freeze froze get got give gave go went grow grew hide hid know knew lie lay ride rode rise rose see saw sew sewed shake shook show showed sow sowed speak spoke steal stole strive strove swear swore swell swelled take took tear tore wear wore weave wove write wrote

Participle awaken been beaten bitten blown broken chosen done drawn driven eaten fallen flown forgotten forgiven frozen gotten given gone grown hidden known lain ridden risen seen sewn shaken shown sown spoken stolen striven sworn swollen taken torn worn woven written

Other irregular past forms Base form Past lay laid pay paid have had make made Past tense ends in t Base form bend build lend send spend

Past bent built lent sent spent