MICROHYDRO DESIGN AIDS 2010 for Microsoft Excel 2003

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ

By Mr. Pushpa Chitrakar

Worksheets

Collaboration Partmers
SHPP/GTZ, Nepal

Conductivity Hydrology Weir Side Intake Bottom Intake Headrace Canal Headrace Pipe Settling Basin Penstock & Power Loads on Anchor Anchor Block Stability Turbine Electrical Machine Foundation Transmission Line Loads and Benefits Costing & Financial Analyses Utilities
Version: 2010.04 Small Hydropower Promotion Project 2006

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Online Manual Drawings List of Reference

Kathmandu, Nepal

Discharge Measurement by Conductivity Meter

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances: 6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Date 17-Jan-2013 Revision 2006.05

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked Meter Salt Given k

Salt Const. (k) Wt. of Salt Nr of data Baseline conductivity Sum of readings Effective Area Discharge

Golmagad SHP Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar
HANNA Instruments (HI 933000)

Iyoo Noon Water temp: 1.8 Time intervals

400 gm 70 25 2062 1560 462 l/s 1.8000 1580 gm 1795 gm 91 106 24 24 3433 3997 6245 7265 455 l/s 445 l/s Average Discharge

11 deg C 5 sec

454 l/s

Discharge Measurement by Conductivity Meter: Golmagad SHP

80 70

60

Salt =400gm, A eff =1560 Salt =1580gm, A eff =6245 Salt =1795gm, A eff =7265 Salt =0gm, A eff =0

mS
Conductivity

50

40 30
20

10 0

1deg C, HANNA Instruments (HI 933000), Iyoo Noon,200 Golmagad SHP = 453.89 l/s400 Discharge Measurement by Conductivity Meter: Ave. Discharge k=1.8, 250 0 50 100 150 300 350 450 500 550 600 Time(sec) =400gm, A eff =1560 Salt Salt =1580gm, ASalt=6245 eff =1795gm, A eff =7265 Salt =0gm, A eff =0 Date= 2010/10/5, 11deg C, HANNA Instruments (HI 933000), Iyoo Noon, k=1.8, Ave. Discharge = 453.89 l/s

HYDROLOGICAL CALCULATIONS FOR UNGAUGED MHP RIVERS

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances:2,2,4, 6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Date 17-Jan-2013 Revision 2006.05

Project:
Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Upper Jogmai SHP

Kankai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

INPUT
River name : Location : Measured flow for MIP method l/s: Month and day of flow measurement: MIP region (1 -7) : 2 Area of basin below 3000m elevation A 3000 km : Turbine discharge Qd l/s: Water losses due to evaporation/flushing/seepage % of Qd : Dow nstream w ater release due to environmental reasons % of Q low est : Chhyota Khola Barand, Sertung VDC 2, Dhading 80 March 23 3 1.5 80 5% 10%

OUTPUT
MIP monthly average discharge Month @ river To plant January #NAME? #NAME? February #NAME? #NAME? March #NAME? #NAME? April #NAME? #NAME? May #NAME? #NAME? June #NAME? #NAME? July #NAME? #NAME? August #NAME? #NAME? September #NAME? #NAME? October #NAME? #NAME? November #NAME? #NAME? December Annual av #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? Hydest Flood Flow s Return Period (yrs) 2 20 100 Discharges (l/s) Qturbine (Qd) Q diverted Qd+Qlosses Q losses 5% of Qd Q release 10% of Qlow Q min required @ river Q exceedence (month) Flood Discharge (m /s) Daily Instantaneous 1.952 4.197 5.747 16.334 8.987 28.669 Designed 80.000 84.211 4.211 #NAME? #NAME? 12 As per MGSP #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? 12
3

Long Term Average Annual Hydrograph of Chhyota Khola river, Upper Jogmai SHP
1 1
MIP Flows

1 1 Discharge (l/s) 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Jan Feb

Q design =80 l/s with 12-month exceedence

#NAME?

Mar

Apr

May

Jun Jul Months

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Design of Stone Masonry Weir

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Referances: 6,12,13,15,16 Date 17-Jan-2013 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Revision 2006.05

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5
W1 =5 kN

Upper Jogmai, Ilam Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar Weir Section & Forces @ Normal Condition
Flood Level

Flood Level

Height ZZ (m)

2.0
G3 =16,5 kN

1.5
W2 =45 kN

1.0 0.5 0.0

G1 =5,5 kN G2 =132 kN

G4 =49,5 kN W3 =5 kN S2 =11,25 kN

S1 =1,65 kN

O
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0

-1.5

-1.0

-0.5

-0.5 -1.0

U1 =84,375 kN

XX (m)

Fo u n d atio n an d So il Foundation on Allowable bearing capacity Pall (kN/m ) Coeff of soil at rest (ko) Weir Geo m etry Length L1 (m) Length L2 (m) Length L3 (m) Length L4 (m) Total length L (m) Material OUTPUT Forces W eir G1 G2 G3 G4 W ater (normal conditions) W1 W2 W3 U1 W ater (flood conditions) W1 W2 W3 U1 Soil S1 S2 Su m m an tio n fo rces Sum of moments SM (kN-m) Sum of vertical forces SV (kN) Sum of horizontal forces SH (kN)
2

Soil Coeff of soil at active state (ka) 180 Soil Density (kN/m ) 1 Friction coeff between block and soil m
3

0.33 20.000 0.5

0.25 2 1 0.5 3.75 Concrete W eight W i (kN) 5.500 132.000 16.500 49.500 5.000 45.000 5.000 84.375

Height H1 (m) Height H2 (m) Height H3 (m) Density (kM/m ) Head above crest during flood, hf (m)
3

3 1.5 1 22 0.500

LA along XX (m) 3.625 2.500 0.833 0.750 3.625 -1.000 0.500 -2.083

Moment (kNm) 19.938 330.000 13.750 37.125 18.125 -45.000 2.500 -175.781

6.250 61.250 11.250 103.125 1.650 11.250 No rm al 205.731 124.125 30.400

3.625 -1.167 0.667 -2.045 -0.333 0.500 Flo o d 153.648 106.625 40.400

22.656 -71.458 7.500 -210.938 -0.550 5.625

Overtu rn in g : Eq u ivalen t d istan ce at w h ich SM acts fro m critical p o in t d (m) 1.657 Eccentricity e, (m) 0.218 Allowable eccentricity e all (m) 0.625 Comment on overturning moment Ok B earin g Pressure at base, Pmax Pressure at base, Pmin Comments on bearing Slid in g Factor of safety against sliding, FS sl Comment of sliding

1.441 0.434 0.625 Ok

44.621 21.579 Ok

48.177 8.690 Ok

2.042 Ok

1.320 Not Ok

Design of Orifice Side Intake

Spreadsheet developed by Mr. Pushpa Chitrakar, Engineering Advisor, SHPP/GTZ Referances: 6,12,13,15,16 Date 17-Jan-2013 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Revision 2006.05

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Ankhu HEP Ankhu Hydropower P Ltd HSEC P Ltd Neeraj Shrestha Pushpa Chitrakar
Wall Geometry

Design Flood Level

Coarse Trashrack
Top =899,05

Orifice (H*B)

Min 100 thick & 1000 wide walkway Rcc slab

HFL =898,55

Weir Crest
.

Normal 1 river level 3 Gravel Flushing Gate Gravel trap (if needed) 1:30 Compacted earth/200mm stone soling
Orific =1,1x20,41

River bed

hbot

hc

Canal

Fb

h rf

hr

h sub

hcf

hr-hc
LS
Crest =894,25

NWL =894,15 NWL =893,1

#NAME?

Canal =890,65

Trashrack calculations
Input
Trashrack coeffieient kt 2.4 2.4 Bar thickness t mm 15.00 Clear spacing of bars b mm 75.00 Approach velocity Vo m/s 1.00 Angle of inclination from horizontal f deg 75.00 Flow deviation b deg 90.00 Design Discharge Qd cumec 33.670 Height of trashrack bottom from river bed ht 1.250 Canal invert level (m) 890.65

Output
Headloss due to friction hf m Headloss due to bends hb m Headloss coeff K Total headloss ht m Trashrack coeff, K1 Surface area A surface m 2 Vertical height h m Trashrack width B m 236.091 0.051 4633.103 236.142 0.8 0.8 #VALUE! 2.250 #VALUE!

Orifice Calculations for (B = 2H or provided) rectangular canal downstream of orifice Input

Orifice River Velocity coeff of orifice c 0.80.800 Crest length L m 35.000 Velocity through orifice Vo m/s 1.5 Provided Q flood m3/s 976.100 Q flood m3/s (Q20 for MHP with Qd>100) Manning's coeff of roughness 0.012 16.334 0.012 Downstream submergence depth hsub m 0.100 Used Q flood 976.100 Orifice height H m 1.100 Canal & Spillway Height of orifice from canal bed h bot m 1.250 Spillway crest height above NWL m 0.100 Provided water depth in the river hr (m) 3.500 Spillway discharge coeff 1.61.600 Provided canal width (m) 21.000 Provided Freeboard h fb1 m 3.000

Output
Normal Condition Flood Canal witdth d/s of orifice 21.000 Critical depth of water at crest yc m 1/Slope of canal immediately d/s of orifice #VALUE! 1/Slope of canal immediately d/s of orifice Depth of water in canal hc m 2.450 Flood head at river hf r = hw+yc m Free board in canal h fb m 3.000 Head difference dhf Area of orifice A m 2 22.447 Velocity through orifice Vof m/s Width of orifice B m 20.406 Q intake Qf cumec Actual velocity through orifice Vo act m/s 1.500 Depth of water at canal (hc f) m Canal width Wc m 21.000 Spillway Water level difference dh m 0.179 Ls1 for Qf w/o d/s Obs m Water depth in the river hr = hc + dh m 3.500 Ls2 for Qf-Qd w/o d/s obstruction m Height of weir (hw = hr+0.1) m 3.600 Ls3 for Qf with d/s Obs m Spillway overtopping height h overtop m 2.600 Ls4 for Qf-Qd with d/s obstruction m 4.296 #NAME? 7.896 #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?

Design of Bottom/Drop Intake

Spreadsheet developed by Mr. Pushpa Chitrakar, Engineering Advisor, SHPP/GTZ Referances: 6,7,8,12,13 Date 17-Jan-2013 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Revision 2006.05

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Sarbari SHP Kullu, Himanchal Pradesh, India Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

Weir Geometry
HFL =501,91

NWL =500,23 Top =500

Trashrack Width =1,82

Top =498,68

Input

1 River Width flood (Brf) m = River Width (Br) m = 8 ho flood m = Head/Critical Depth of u/s water (ho)m = 0.226 vo flood m/s = Upstream water velocity (vo) m/s = 1.494 Design Discharge (Qd), m3/s = River gradient (i) degrees = 9.462 Trashrack witdth/diameter (t) mm = Trashrack gradient (b) deg = 36 Trashrack clearance (a) mm = Contraction coeff (m) = 0.85 Invert level of crest (masl) Aspect ratio (Length across the river/Breadth along the river) =

Critical Depth Considered

20 3.000 4 2.7 60 30 500 3.54647

Output
c/c distance of trash rack bars d mm = Total head (he) m = kappa (c) = velocity head (h) m = Correction factor ( c) = Length of intake (L) m = Length (L' ) m = Intake length across the river (b) m = Area of intake (A=L' *b) m2 = 90 0.340 0.749 0.170 0.146 2.249 1.819 7.975 17.935 Qo u/s of intake (m3/s) normal = Qu d/s of intake (m3/s) normal = h d/s normal (m) h flood u/s= h d/s flood (m) Qof u/s of intake = Br * hof * vof (m3/s) = Q in flood m3/s = Quf d/s of intake (m3/s) = 2.700 0.000 1.906 1.864 325.497 7.318 318.178

Side Intake Orific =1,1x20,41 Spreadsheet developed by Mr. Pushpa Chitrakar, Engineering Advisor, SHPP/GTZ 300 500 300 500 1550 800 1550 800 300 Top =899,05 1800 300 1800 2650 Crest =894,25 =894,15 =898,55 NWL HFL 1800 1550 1800 8695.969 8196 3900 3800 2100 1550 2100 8695.969 1800 8196 3900 3800 2100 300 2100 2650 3100 300 1800 2650 3100 Canal =890,65 3100 300 3500 300 1550 3100 Bottom Intake Top =500 3119.344 500 3119.344 1000 1821.831 3419.344 1300 1821.831 3719.344 1300 3919.344 Top =498,68
1300 500 500 3119.344 3419.344 3719.344

WALL GEOMETRY
10000 9000
8000 HFL =898,55

Top =899,05

7000 WALL (mm) 6000 5000

4000

NWL =893,1 #NAME? 2750 #NAME? 2100 2750 #NAME? 3100

Crest =894,25 NWL =894,15 NWL =893,1 Orific =1,1x20,41

0 1000 2000

3000 2000
1000 Canal #NAME? =890,65 3000

BASE ( mm)

Weir Geometry

WALL (mm)

HFL NWL =500,23 =501,91 Trashrack Width =1,82 4822 2048.273 1300 1821.831 1300 3728 3119.344 2048.273 500 3119.344 500 2363.541 500 2363.541 500 2363.541

5500 HFL =501,91

4500 3500

2500 1500 500 -500

NWL =500,23
Top =500

Trashrack Width =1,82

Top =498,68

2000

4000

4000

BASE ( mm)

5000

1000

3000

Canal Design: Proposed design and optimum canal sections

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances: 6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ
Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

2006.05 Sisne Small Hydropower Project Gautam Buddha Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar
Tailrace 0.145 Main2 0.145 Main3

Date Revision

17-Jan-2013

Input
Type and Name Flow (m3/s) Roughness coefficient (n) Sectional Profile Side slope N (1V:NHorizontal) Length of the canal (m) 1/Canal slope (s) Channel Depth/diameter D (m) Freeboard FB (m) Channel Width (B) m Channel Drops di m Channel Drops Horizontal length hi m Desired velocity Vo (m/s) Intake Canal 0.185 0.02 0.02 Rectangular 00 20 77 0.300 0.300 0.500 0.145 0.017 0.02 0.02 0.017 0.02 0.02 Trapezoidal Semicircular Triangular 0.5 0.5 0.5 00 0.5 40 150 120 200 30 72 0.525 0.300 0.300 0.250 0.150 0.150 1.000 0.400 0.400

1.000

1.500

1.500

1.500

Output
Side slope d (degrees) Canal slope S Total depth H (m) Chainage L (m) 0.01299 0.600 20.000 #VALUE! 0.00500 0.775 60.000 0.03333 0.450 210.000 #VALUE! 0.01389 0.450 330.000

Present canal
Area A m2 Top Width T (m) Wetted Perimeter P (m) Hydraulic Radius r (m) Calculated flow (m3/s) & remarks Comment on freeboard Velocity V m/s Critical Velocity Vc m/s & Remarks Headloss hl (m) Total headloss Hl(m) Critical dia of sediment d crit (mm) 0.150 0.500 1.100 0.136 #VALUE! ok 1.233 1,72 Ok 0.260 0.260 19.481 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! low #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.200 0.460 #VALUE! 0.035 0.060 0.400 0.400 0.471 #VALUE! 0.075 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! ok ok 4.103 2.417 0,93 Not Ok 1,21 Not Ok 5.000 1.667 5.460 7.126 27.500 #VALUE!

Optimum canal
Area Ao m2 Top Width T (m) Critical Velocity Vc m/s & Remarks Hydraulic Radius ro (m) Channel Depth/diameter Do (m) Freeboard Fbo (m) Total depth Ho (m) Channel Width Bo (m) Canal Slope Headloss hlo (m) Total headloss Hlo(m) Critical dia of sediment d crito (mm) 0.1850 0.6022 1,74 Ok 0.1505 0.301 0.150 0.451 0.602 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.0967 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.263 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.0967 0.9949 0,98 Not Ok 0.1244 0.497 0.150 0.647 0.995 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.0967 #VALUE! #VALUE! 0.1088 0.218 0.150 0.368 #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!

HEADRACE PIPE CALCULATIONS

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances: 2,4, 6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Date 17-Jan-2013 Revision 2006.05

Project:
Developer Consultant Designed Checked INPUT

Upper Jogmai SHP Location: Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

Jogmai

Economic life (years) Hydraulics: Diversion flow Qd (m 3/s) Flow in each pipe Qi (m 3/s) Gross headHg (m)

15

0.160 0.160 7.000

U/S Invert Level (m) % head available or headloss hlt (m) Entrance Type 0.8 Bending radius (r/d)

1950.00 95.00% 0.8 0.3 0.3

Headrace pipe Pipe Material Welded / Flat rolled if steel Rolled if steel Type if steel Burried or exposed Type of valve Non standard ultimate tensile strength (UTS) N/mm 2 Estimated pipe diameter d(mm) Provided pipe diameter d(mm) Min pipe thickness t (mm) Provided pipe thickness t (mm) Pipe Length L (m) Trashrack
2.4

HDPE NA NA NA Burried

282 260 NA 3.0 140.000 f 60.00 b

Exit (Yes/No) No of pipes Bending angle 01 Bending angle 02 Bending angle 03 Bending angle 04 Bending angle 05 Bending angle 06 Bending angle 07 Bending angle 08 Bending angle 09 Bending angle 10

Yes 1.00 20.00 4.00 6.00 20.00

k 2.40

t 6.00

b 20.00

Vo 1.00

Q 0.160

H 3.00

Expansion Joints
Tmax (deg) T installation Tmin 1st Pipe length(m) 2nd Pipe L (m) 3rd Pipe L (m) 4th Pipe L (m) 5th Pipe L (m)

40

20

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

OUTPUT
Trashrack hf 0.0213 hb H coeff 0.4174 H 0.0213 S 0.8006 B 0.23
Min Submergence CGL=1.5v^2/2g

1.39

0.69

Turbulent loss coefficients K inlet K bend 01 K bend 02 K bend 03 K bend 04 Hydraulics Pipe Area A (m 2) Hydraulic Radius R (m) Velocity V (m/s) Pipe Roughness ks (mm) Relative Roughness ks/d Reynolds Number Re = d V /Vk Type of Flow Friction Factor f Expansion Joints (mm) EJ number dL theoretical dL recommended dL for expansion dL for contraction

0.80 0.16 0.13 0.13 0.16

K bend 05 K bend 06 K bend 07 K bend 08 K bend 09

K bend 10 K valve K exit K others K Total

1.00 2.37

0.053 0.07 3.01 0.06 0.00023 687032 Turbulent 0.0153 1 2 2 4

U/S Invert Level (mAOD) D/S Invert Level (mAOD) Is HL tot < HL available Friction Losses hf (m) Fitting Losses hfit (m) Trashracks and intake loss (m) Total Head Loss htot individual (m) % of H.Loss of individual pipe 5

1950.000 1943.000 OKAY 3.82 1.10 0.02 4.94 70.56% Ok

Settling Basin Design

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances: 2,4, 6,9,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Date 17-Jan-2013 Revision 2006.05

Project:
Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Upper Jogmai SHP Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar
Q flood Manning's number M (m1/3/s) 1/n= Design discharge Qdesign (m3/s) = Flushing discharge Qflush (m3/s) = Total discharge Qbasins (m3/s) = Particles to settle d (mm) = Trapping efficiency n (%) = water temperature t (oC) = Fall velocity w at 15 deg C (m/s) = Sediment concentration Cmax (kg/m3) = Flushing Frequency FI (hours) = Surface area / basin Asi (m2) 85 % = Basin transit velocity Vt (m/s) = Bulk Sed density G (kg/m3) = 50.000 0.421 0.034 0.455 0.300 85% 15 0.037 2 8 24.000 0.241 2600 0.455 3.258 2.500 1.000 10.000 4.000 0.755 1.888 4.010 0.471 1.385 3.750 10.000

Location:

Jogmai

Sediment swelling factor S = Volume of sediment storage V (m3) = Sediment depth Hs (m) = V/Asi Inlet approach conveyance Canal/Pipe = 1/Bottom slope of SB Sf (1:50 to 1:20) = Outlet approach conveyance Canal/Pipe = Water level at inlet NWL (m) = h flush below the base slab (L<6m) Number of basins N Spillway crest height above NWL m Spillway discharge coeff Provided Freeboard h fb1 m Discharge coeff for pipe as orifice (2.76 if L <6 m) Drawdown discharge % of design discharge Water depth of inlet canal hc1 (m) = Outlet canal width /canal diameter Bc2 (m) = Water depth of outlet canal hc2 (m) = Provided Length of the basin Lact (m)=

1.50 15.12 0.63 Canal 50.00 Pipe 1950.00 1.70 1.00 0.05 1.60 0.30 2.76 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.30

Discharge per basin Qbasin (m3/s) = Max section width for hydraulic flushing B (m) = Width used B (m) = Inlet canal width /canal diameter Bc1 (m) = Length of basin L (m) (Idel L = 9,6) = Aspect ratio (4<=AR<=10) Min. water depth Hi (m) = X-sectional area / basin Ai (m2) = Wetted perimeter / basin Pi (m) = Hydraulic radius Ri (m) = Normal WL @ basin h b m = Straight inlet transition length at 1:5 (m) = Straight approach canal length (m) =

Pipe does not need a straight approach! *** Head over outlet weir h overtop (m) = 0.23 Approach inlet velocity vi1 (m/s) = 0.91 Approach outlet velocity vi2 (m/s) = 3.03 1/Energy gradient during operation So = 15763.86 d 50 during operation (mm) = 0.33 Depth of water during flushing yfi (m) = #NAME? d 50f during flushing (mm) = #NAME? Length of an Ideal Basin (m) = 10.00

Spilling of excess water

Vertical Flushing pipe Diameter for flood d1 m = Diameter for load rejection (u/s flood bypass) d1 m = 2 x 0,43

Spillway Freeboard m Spillway overtopping height h overtop m Spillway length for Qf (flood and non operational) Combination of vertical flushing pipe and spillway Vertical flushing pipe diameter d1 m No of vertical flushing pipe Spillway length used (m) Flood and Under Operation (Qf- Qd) H overtopping Discharge passing through vertical pipe Discharge passing over spillway 0.300 0.125 Spillway length for Qd (under operation) Spillway length for Qd (load rejection & u/s flood bypass) Spillway length for Qd (d/s obstruction & full hovertop-50) Flood and non operational (Qf) Flood discharge passing through vertical pipe Spillway length for the remaining discharge m 6.43 3.18

0.30 1.00 1.00

1.00

Load Rejection (Qd) H overtopping Discharge passing through vertical pipe Discharge passing over spillway
Calculate Gate Rating Curves

0.262 0.240 0.215

Flushing of water and sediment

Flushing pipe and orifice diameter d for incoming flow and draw down m 0.35 d for incoming flow only (empty state) m 0.40 d for incoming flow only (empty state & with y flushing) m #NAME? Gate Buoyance weight of the gate W kgf Gate Opening B, (m) Gate Opening H (m) Submerged area of th gate A m2 Water surface to cg of submerged area h m Coeff of static friction mu Lifting force F kgf H. of water (H1)
1.800 1.600 1.400 1.200 1.000 0.800 Sediment depth 0,63m 0.600 0.400 0.200 Width 2,5m 0.000

300.00 1.00 0.50 0.50 1.14 0.90 810.84 1.39

Designed Cross Section

Av. H ot =0,125m Water depths 0,76m & 0,96m

Gate Opening Hg 0.000 0.033 0.067 0.100 0.133 0.167 0.200 0.233 0.267 0.300 0.333 0.367 0.400 0.433 0.467 0.500

Relative Discharge Gate Openinig One basin Hg/H1 Q 0.000 0.024 0.128 0.048 0.251 0.072 0.369 0.096 0.484 0.120 0.597 0.144 0.707 0.168 0.816 0.193 0.922 0.217 1.027 0.241 1.129 0.265 1.230 0.289 1.328 0.313 1.423 0.337 1.516 0.361 1.606

Forebay cum settling basin (one basin)

Penstock diameter m Penstock velocity m/s Submergence depth of penstock pipe m Height of pipe above the base slab m Min. pond depth m Effective thickness of penstock mm FS for air vent (5 burried, 10 exposed) Young's modulus of elasticity E N/mm2 Penstock inlet gate (Yes/No) Air vent diameter mm
half of Gr expansion

0.41 3.45 0.91 0.30 1.62 3 10 200000 No Nominal

Gradual Expansion of 1:5

0.500 1.000
Gradual Expansion 1 in 10 (1:2 for MHP)

Width 2,5m L =10

Flushing cone/spillway O

Spillway

0.300

0.500

Water depths 0,76m & 0,96m Sediment depth 0,63m

Slope 1:50

PENSTOCK AND POWER CALCULATIONS

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances:2,4, 5,6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ
Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar

Date Revision

17-Jan-2013

2006.05

Project:
Developer Consultant Designed Checked INPUT

Jhankre mini-hydropower Himal Power Limited BPC Hydroconsult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

Location:

General: Project: Jogmai I Location: Ilam Hydraulics: Diversion flow Qd (m3/s) Flow in each pipe Qi (m3/s) Gross head (from forebay) Hg (m) Power: Turbine type (CROSSFLOW/PELTON) No of total jets (nj) & % closure Direct Coupling (Yes/No) Closure time T sec Number of units Penstock pipe: Pipe Material (STEEL/HDPE/PVC) Welded / Flat rolled if steel Rolled if steel Type if steel (UNGRAGED/IS) Burried or exposed No of pipes Bending angle 01(degrees) Bending angle 02 Bending angle 03 Bending angle 04 Penstock diameter d=>d estd, d act (mm) Pipe Length L (m) Trashrack thickness, t(mm) 6.00
T installation

Economic life (years) 0.450 0.450 180.00 Pelton 1 10% Yes 30.00 3 WL @ forebay or U/S Invert Level (m) % head allowable headloss hlt (m) Cumulative knowm efficiency (g,t,tr,others) Valves (Sperical/Gate/Butterfly) Taper (Yes/No) Exit (Yes/No) Non standard ult. tensile strength (UTS) N/mm2
0.3

10 1213.90 16.00% 79.38% 0.3 No No

418 550.000

Steel Safety factor for lower pipes (0 for default) Welded Entrance Type Rolled Entrance with gate and air-vent (Yes/No) IS Bending radius (r/d) (1/2/3/5/1.5) Exposed Bending angle 05 1.00 Bending angle 06 2.00 Bending angle 07 11.00 Bending angle 08 4.00 Bending angle 09 11.00 Bending angle 10 450 Pipe thickness t=>t min, t act (mm) 3.0 Roughness coefficient (ks) Flow deviation, b (deg) Design discharge, Q (m3/s) 0.450
4th Pipe L (m)

0.5

0.45

0.5 No 0.45 22.00 14.00

7.0 0.060 Submergence depth @ trashrack, h (m) 0.70

5th Pipe L (m)

Trashrack coefficient, kt
2.4

2.40
Tmax (deg)

Angle of inclination, Clear spacing, Approach b (mm) velocity, Vo (m/s) f (deg) 20.00 1.00 71.56
Tmin 1st Pipe length(m) 2nd Pipe L (m)

Expansion Joints
3rd Pipe L (m)

40

20

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

OUTPUT
Trashrack Bend loss, hb (m) Headloss coeff 0.4572 2.06 0.50 0.18 0.21 0.19 0.21 K bend 05 K bend 06 K bend 07 K bend 08 K bend 09 0.24 0.22 K bend 10 K valve K taper K exit K others 0.30 Total headloss, H(m) 0.0233 trashrack width, B (m) 2.79 Submergence @ penstock, h min (m) 1.84 Submergence @ penstock, h min (m) 0.61

Frictional headloss, hf (m) 0.0233 Turbulent loss coefficients K inlet K bend 01 K bend 02 K bend 03 K bend 04 Hydraulics Pipe Area A (m2) Hydraulic Radius R (m) Velocity V (m/s) Pipe Roughness ks (mm) Relative Roughness ks/d Reynolds Number Re = d V /Vk Type of Flow Friction Factor f Factor of Safety

Surface area, S (m2) 2.0555

K Total

0.159 0.11 2.83 0.060 1.333E-04 1116427 Turbulent 0.0138

2

U/S Invert Level (mAOD) D/S Invert Level (mAOD) Is HLtot < HL available Friction Losses hf (m) Fitting Losses hfit (m) Trashracks and intake loss (m) Total Head Loss htot individual (m) % of H.Loss of individual pipe Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) N/mm2 H total for 10% closure of one jet(m) t effective (mm) Minimum t effictive for negative pressure (mm) Comment on thickness Safety Factor (S) Check on Safety Factor Air vent diameter d vent (mm) H total capacity of the specified pipe (m) H static capacity of the specified pipe (m)

1213.90 1033.90 OKAY 6.87 0.84 0.02 7.73 4.3% Ok 410 211.93 4.30 4.71 NA, No gate 3.70 Ok 58.33 224.03 192.10

Young's modulus of elasticity E N/mm Thickness Diameter (mm) Net Head (m) Wave Velocity a (m/s) Critical time Tc (sec) *2 = Closing time T Hsurge for 10% closure of one jet Hsurge for one jet closure of Pelton(m) Hsurge for instanteneous closure of all unit closure of Pelton (m) Lengths (max & actual) of the specified pipe (m) & Ok 581.415 Power Turbine efficiency as per MGSP Available shaft power(kW) Reqd.'Turbine Capacity (+10%) (kW) Expansion Joints (mm) EJ number dL theoretical dL recommended dL for expansion dL for contraction

200000 7.000 450.000 172.268 1107.341 0,99 Ok 31.92533 319.253 319.253 550.000

75.00% 570.36 627.39 Coeff of linear expansion /deg C 2 9 17 10 8

Electrical Power as per MGSP GL (kW) Electrical Power based on Hnet (kW) Power for known cumulative eff (kW) 1.2E-05 4 11 22 12 10 5 13 26 14 12

397.31 456.29 603.67

1 4 9 5 4

2 6 13 7 6

Forces on Anchor Block

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Referances: 6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ

Block # & type

Convex Date Revision 17-Jan-2013

2006.05 Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

Project Developer Consultant

Golmagad SHP Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult

Designed Checked

Input
Particulars
Pipe dimensions Diameter (Di) Thickness Shaddle Spacing & number Elevations Horizontal Distance (m) Vertical angles, a & b (deg) Location of Expansion Joint D/S Expansion Joint : Output Weight of pipe, Wp (kN/m) Weight of water, Ww (kN/m) Total weight, W (kN/m)) Velocity, v (m/s) Vertical angles, a & b (rad) Yes 2.000 0.0000 2 Yes

Upstream
0.39 0.006 4.00

Central

Downstream
0.39 0.006 4.00

Design Discharge, Q (m3/s) Unit Weights (kN/m3) Mild Steel Water RCC Anchor Block Soil

0.37 78.5 9.81 25 22 200 30 0.5236 20

7 818.000

53.712 27.7832 2

Bearing capacity (kN/m2) f gs

0.586 1.172 1.758 3.097 0.000000

0.586 1.172 1.758 3.097 0.484908

Heads (m) Forebay WL 835.000 Tot.Transient Length (m) 511 Tpot Pipe Len (forebay to AB) 56.388 Total Surge Head 96.360 Static Head 17.000 Surge Head 10.63 Total (H) 27.633 Youngs Modulus of Elasticity (E) 2.1E+11 Coefficient of Linear Expansion (a) 12E-06

GENERAL FORCES 1. Perpendicular component of Wt of pipe and water act perpendicular to the pipe CL along the anchor faces
L'
a FEMu FEM d b

F2

F1=dead weight of half of anchor saddle pipe perp to pipe 3.516 3.516 F1u (kN)=wu*lmu/2*COS(a): F1d (kN)=wd*lmd/2*COS(b) F1 perpendicular to pipe 3.516 3.110 F1 axial 0.000 -1.639 Fixed end moment = wl^2/8 for proped cantilever FEM. FEMu (kN-m)= Restoring moment: FEMd (kN-m)= Overturning moment FEM 2.344 -2.344

F1 u

F1 d

2. Axial frictional force of pipe on saddle supports transferred to anchor

F2 (kN)= m*w*L'*cos a US Pipe Length, L' (m):

0.25
2.00 12.305 +ve for expansion

0.25

F2 (kN) =
Pu (kN) = F3u =PI/4*dui^2*Ht*g Pd (kN) = F3d =PI/4*ddi^2*Ht*g F3 = 2*P*sin((b-a)/2)

3. Hydrostatic Pressure at Bend due to the vector difference of static pressure & acting towards IP
32.38 32.38 15.549
a pu pd b F3

4. Component of weight of pipe (wp) along the pipe

F4u= wp*active arm L*sin(a) F4 F4d= wp*active arm L*sin(b) 0.000 0.546
W

L'

F4=w sin a

5. Thermally (expansion/contraction) induced axial force ( if no EJ provided)

F5 (kN)=pi()*Dmean*t*E*a*Dt + Expansion, - Contraction Condition Tmax Tinstallation Temp at oC 40 20 F5 expansion 0.000 Tmin 4 0.000 0.000

F5 F5

F5 contraction

0.000

6. Axial friction within Expansion joint seal due to the movement against the circumferential pressure
F6=PI()*D*W*H*g*m m for rubber packing Static Pressure at Exp, Ps (m) Dynamic Pressure at Exp, Pd (m) Total (AH) + Expansion, - Contraction 0.25 Seal width, W (m) 0.16 17.000 10.256 27.256 13.507 17.93 11.06 28.992 13.939

F6
Pipe Movement

F6

F6

F6 (kN)

7. Axial hydrostatic pressure on exposed end of pipe in Expansion Joint

F7=PI*D*t*H*g

F7

1.996

2.059

F7
- Q*r *V o

p
F8
Q*r * V i

F7
FH

8. Dynamic pressure at the bend due to the vector difference of momentum

F8 = 2.5*(Q^2/d^2)*sin((b-a)/2) P8= mV =Q*r*Vi 1.146 0.540 1.146

Q*r * Vi

P8 (kN)
F8

b Q*r *Vo
Vector difference of momentum at bend (mv i -mv o )

Fv

9. Axial (small diameter) force on Reducer

F9=PI()*(Dupi^2-Ddni^2)/4*g*H Reducer: Location & Diameter: St. Head Dyn. Head No 3.00 17.00 10.63 0.000 0.40 No

F9

p
4.00 18.86 10.98 0.000 0.40

F9

F9 (kN)

10 Axial drag of flowing Water (friction of flowing water) (not considered in MHP)
F10=g*PI()*Dupi^2/4*DH(Exp to block) F10 (kN) 0.000 No 0.000 No

11 Axial (u/s slope) force due to soil pressure upstream of the block
F11 =gs*hs^2/2*cos f*ka*B
ka= (cosi-sqrt(cosi^2-cosf^2))/(cosi+sqrt(cosi^2-cosf^2))

0.333 @ 1/3 of hs

Width, B(m) 0.6

hs = soil depth = hu F11

1.8 21.600 Yes

12 Vertical force due to the weight of the block

F12 =gblock*Vol of block Vol of block F12 16.191 356.202 Yes Expansion
@ bend Total

SUMMARY OF CRITICAL FORCES 1 2 3

Summation of total horizontal forces SH (kN) Summation of total vertical forces SV (kN) Summation of total moment forces SM (kN-m)

Contraction
@ bend Total

16.551 38.151 -16.554 339.648 0.000

-10.41 -3.56 0.00

11.19 352.64

Anchor Block Stability

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Referances: 6,12,13,15,16 Date SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Revision 17-Jan-2013

2006.05

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Golmagad SHP Mansarawar Hydropower P Ltd EHS Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

Input
Anchor Upstream depth, Hu (m) Downstream depth, Hd (m) Width, W (m) Length, L (m) g anchor (kN/m3) m Penstock Bend at (X), (m) Bend at (Y), (m) Diameter, d (m) Upstream angle, a (deg) Upstream angle, b (deg) Foundation Upstream depth hfu (m) Soil friction f, (deg) g soil (kN/m3) Bearing Capacity, SBC (kN/m2) Forces (with soil pressure and block weight) Forces with earthpressure & anchor Yes Expansion SH (kN) SV (kN) 3.3 2.25 2 3 22 0.5

Output
Concrete volume of Anchor Block Weight of block, Wb (kN) Centre of gravity XX
3.5 3.0 Pipe CL 2.5 2.0

16.191 356.199 1.405

Anchor Block Section

1 2.15 0.458 13 25
-0.5

1.0 0.5 0.0 0.0

Height Y (m) '

1.5

Length X (m) ' 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

1.8 30 20 200

Active earth pressure coeff, Ka F Pa Soil force Acting at (m)

0.3715 Fx 23.455 0.6 22.853 Fy 5.276

Overturning Net Forces @ bend SM @ O 53.180 30.327 d 345.260 -16.215 eccentricity e, Ok e allowable SM @ O -6.19 d -41.03 eccentricity e, Ok

Bearing 563.303 P max 1.632 P min 0.132 0.500 473.281 P max 1.477 P min 0.023

Sliding 72.681 172.63 42.406 Ok Ok

Contraction SH (kN) SV (kN)

16.66 320.44

55.866 160.22 50.947 Ok Ok

Turbine Selection
Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances: 6,7,8,12,13 Date SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Revision Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Input Discharge (l/s) Gross head (m) Hydraulic losses Max turbine output kW Turbine rpm Cd Output Net head m No Gearing Sp speed of runner rpm (no gearing) Pelton (12-30) => (Ns 17-42) Turgo (Ns 20-70) => (Ns 28-99) Crossflow (Ns 20-80) Fracis (Ns 80-400) Propeller or Kaplan (Ns 340-1000) Jet velocity Vj (m/s) Nozzle diameter, Dn (mm) Pitch circle diameter, PCD (mm)

17-Jan-2013 2006.05 Upper Jogmai SHP Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

150 69 15.94% 67.89 750 0.96

Gear ratio at turbine Gear ratio at generator No of turbines/generators Total number of jets if Pelton n Specified turbine Cu

1 2 1 2 Pelton 0.46

58.001 Generator with gearing rpm With Gearing 46 Sp speed of turbine Pelton (12-30) => (Ns 17-42) Turgo (Ns 20-70) => (Ns 28-99) Crossflow (Ns 20-80) Fracis (Ns 80-400) Propeller or Kaplan (Ns 340-1000)

1500

** Turgo Crossflow ** **

23 Pelton ** Crossflow ** **

32.38 54.85 395.15

Selection of Electrical Equipment

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Referances: 6,7,8,12,13 Date 17-Jan-2013 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ 2006.05 Revision

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Upper Jogmai SHP Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

INPUT
Discharge (m3/s) Gross head (m) Overall plant efficiency (%) Temperature (oC) Altitude (m) ELC correction factor Frequency of the system (Hz) Capacity of used generator (kW) Capacitor configuration 0.08 50.968 50% 45 1500 0.83 50 Delta Power factor Safety factor of generator Phase Type of Generator Over rating factor of MCCB Over rating factor of cable No. of poles Rated rotor speed if induction generator N (rpm) Efficiency of motor at full load 0.8 1.3 1 1-phase Induction 2 1.25 1.5

4
1450 89%

OUTPUT
Pe Electrical output (active power) (kW) Generator Temp.factor Capacity (kW) Synchronous rotational speed Ns (rpm) IGC capacity (kW) 20.00 Use of 3-phase generator is mandatory

0.96 Altitude factor 28.25 Actual available capacity (kW) 1500 Rotational speed of the generator (rpm) 20.00 Calculated Ballast capacity 1.2*Pe (kW) Excitation Capacitance (micro F) 220 Irated for Cable & MCCB (A) at Generator side 113.64 Calculated size of MCCB (A)

0.96 30.00 1550 24.00 123.16 170.45 142.04

Rated Voltage (V) Rating of MCCB (A) Cable Rating (A)

255.68 Size of 2-core cupper armoured cables

150

Turbine and Generator Machine Foundation

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Referances: 6,12,13,15,16 Date 17-Jan-2013 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Revision 2006.05

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Machine Foundation Section
1.8 1.6
1.4

Upper Jogmai, Ilam Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar
Machine Foundation Plan
2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4

Height ZZ (m)

1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2

Turbine CL

Generator CL

YY (m)

Turbine CL

Generator CL

W1
0.4 0.6

W2
0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0

W3
2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

XX (m)

XX (m)

INPUT Gross head hg (m) Surge head hs (m) Foundation Foundation on 2 Allowable bearing capacity Pall (kN/m ) Friction coeff between block and soil m Length L (m) Bredth B (m) Height H (m) Material of foundation 3 Density of foundation (kM/m ) Electro-mechanical Weight of turbine Wt (kN) & cl position Weight of generator Wg (kN) & cl position OUTPUT Forces Force due to h total of 101 m, Fh (kN) Foundation W1 W2 W3

51.00 Design Discharge Qd (m /s) 50.00 Penstock Soil Diameter dp (m) 180 Material 0.5 Centreline above PH floor hp (m) 3.2 Turbine Pit 2.5 Length of opening Lo (m) 1.5 Bredth of opening Bo (m) Concrete Height of opening Ho (m) 22 Height of tailrace canal Htr (m) XX (m) 0.625 2.025

0.300 mild steel 0.300 0.450 0.500 1.000 0.500 YY (m) 1.250 1.250

2.943 3.434

Weight Wi (kN) 70.036 33.000 27.225 193.875

Lever Arm LA (m) LA along XX 1.800 3.000 2.575 1.175 282.455 260.477

LA along YY

Sum of moments SM (kN-m) Sum of vertical forces SM (kN)

1.25 1.25 1.25 199.530 260.477

Overturning Equivalent distance at which SM acts from critical point d (m) Eccentricity e, (m) Allowable eccentricity e all (m) Comment on overturning moment Bearing Pressure at base Pmax Pmin Comments on bearing Sliding Factor of safety against sliding, FS sl Comment of sliding

LA along XX 1.084 0.516 0.533 Ok

LA along YY 0.766 0.484 0.417 Not Ok

LA along XX 64.038 1.081 Ok

LA along YY 70.379 -5.260 Not Ok

LA along XX 1.860 Ok

LA along YY 1.860 Ok

3.4

1.4

2.4

0.150

Transmission and Distribution System:

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Referances:2,4, 6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ

Date Revision

17-Jan-2013

Project:
Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Upper Jogmai SHP Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

Power factor Voltage systems

0.8 11000 400 230

2006.05 Cable Summary

Type Squirrel Gopher Weasel Rabbit Otter Dog Length(km) 4.50 10.00

3.00 1.15 5.30 To tal Co s t(Rs ) 606600.00

Length of neutral cables (km)

Node name PH-A-B-C-D PH A A B C D PH-T1 PH T1 T1-T2 T1 T2 T2-E T2

Reach name

Reach Length (km)

Load Momentu Power at m (kW- V @ prev Phase next node ACSR 1,3,11 (kW) type m) node (V) 3 3 1 1 1 3 3 11 11 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 400.00 400.00 227.30 227.30 227.30 400.00 400.00

Current (A)

Reach Voltage drop (V)

V @ next node (V) 400.00 393.70 209.70 209.70 209.70 400.00 398.40 11000.00 10995.00 400.00 391.80 226.21 210.01 226.21 207.81 204.81 226.21 210.01 207.01 205.01

S% voltage drop

PHA AB AC AD

0.300 0.500 0.500 0.500

16 5 5 5

Dog Rabbit Rabbit Rabbit

4800 2500 2500 2500

28.87 27.50 27.50 27.50

6.30 17.60 17.60 17.60

1.58 8.82 8.82 8.82

PHT1

0.050

21 Otter

1050

37.89

1.60

0.40

T1 T2

1.500

21 Squirrel

11000.00 31500 11000.00 400.00 400.00 226.21 226.21 226.21 226.21 207.81 226.21 226.21 210.01 207.01

1.38

5.00

0.05

T2 E

0.300

21 Dog

6300

37.89

8.20

2.05

E-J ( r ) E J E-H (y) E G G H E-M (b) E K K L L M

EJ

0.500

7 Dog

3500

38.68

16.20

8.69

EG GH

0.500 0.200

7 Otter 3 Dog

3500 600

38.68 18.05

18.40 3.00

9.65 10.95

EK KL LM

0.500 0.200 0.200

7 Dog 3 Dog 2 Dog

3500 600 400

38.68 17.86 12.08

16.20 3.00 2.00

8.69 10.00 10.87

LOADS AND BENEFITS

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances: 1,2,3,4, 6,12,13,15,16 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Date 17-Jan-2013 Revision 2006.05

Project:
Developer Consultant Designed Checked
INPUT General Power Output (kW) Name of the Source Beneficiary HH (nos.) Plant's operating days Loads (kWh or W/m) Domestic Agro-processing Bakery Saw Mill Herbs Processing Load 5 Load 6

Gaddi Gad Khola Gaddi Gad Khola MHP Perinial Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

Location:

Ladagada VDC, Doti

96.1 Gaddi Gad Khola 471 330 Operating Tariff (Rs) days/year 330 1.00 330 6.00 320 6.00 300 5.00 180 5.50 330 330

Domestic lighting Average subscription/household (W/HH) System loss 10% time 5 load 88 440 Probable Business Load Expected after 3 years Operating d/y Tariff (Rs) Load Metal Workshop 330 6.00 Photo Studio 320 6.00 Dairy Processing 320 6.00 Cold Store 310 6.00 Load 5 Load 6

85 8 18 91.1 182.2 20

10 1 8 6

From (hr) To (hr) 12 16 8 20 8 18 8 18

Proposed end uses and operting hours time (hr) Agro-processing time (hr) Bakery time (hr) Saw Mill time (hr) Herbs Processing time (hr) Load 5 15 time (hr) Load 6 12 36 OUTPUT Summary Annual Available kWh

4 8 9 3 3 6 3

12 22.5 14 16 10 12 25 8 5

16 18 18 17 15 10

22 22 22 22 22 22

Daily Energy Demand (Dd) kWh Yearly Energy Demand (Dy) kWh Average Load Factor

1037 378578 49.97%

36.00

761112 First 3 years After 3 years 117060 147680 15.38 19.40 42.36 50.40 916,050 1,099,770

Yearly end use load (kWh) Productive end use load factor (%) Total load plant factor Annual total (domestic + end uses) Income (Rs) End Use

Annual Load Operation Period Yearly Load Income (Rs) (kW) Hours/day Days/year kWh LF (%) Domestic Lighting 44.483 13.987 330 205326 26.98 480,420 Existing/Committed Business Load Agro-processing 22.5 4 330 29700 3.90 178200 Bakery 9 6 320 17280 2.27 103680 Saw Mill 10 2 300 6000 0.79 30000 Herbs Processing 25 5 180 22500 2.96 123750 Load 5 15 6 330 29700 3.90 Load 6 12 3 330 11880 1.56 Total 117060 15.38 435,630 Total Annual Income from sales of electricity 916,050 Probable Business Load after 3 years Metal Workshop 10 4 330 13200 Photo Studio 1 12 320 3840 Dairy Processing 8 10 320 25600 Cold Store 6 10 310 18600 Load 5 Load 6 Total additional annual income after 3 years 61240 Productive End Use (%) 19.40 Load Duration Chart for the first three years of operation of Gaddi Gad Khola
0 140 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

1.73 0.50 3.36 2.44

79200 23040 153600 111600

8.05

183,720

Load Duration Chart for the first three years of operation of Gaddi Gad Khola
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Installed Capacity & Load (kW)

120

100

Load 6 Load 5

80

Herbs Processing Saw Mill Bakery

60

40

Agro-processing
20

Domestic
Installed Capacity
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Time (hrs)

Project Costing and Financial Analyses

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Referances: 1,2,3,4, 6,7,8,12,13 SMALL HYDROPOWER PROMOTION PROJECT/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Date 17-Jan-2013 Revision 2006.05

Project Developer Consultant Designed Checked

Golmagad SHP Kankaimai Hydropower P Ltd EPC Consult Pushpa Chitrakar Pushpa Chitrakar

INPUT Project size (kW): 96.10 Total Project Cost (Rs.) 12,734,865 more than 5 days walking distance Subsidy/kW Total subsidy 91500 Rs/kW x 96,1 = 8793150 Interest rate i (%) Payback period n (yr) Plant life N (yr) 15 Discount Rate I (%) 4% Investment Cost (Rs) Mechanical components Electrical component Civil component Spare parts & tools Transport. 8,516,715 999,040 2,061,717 1,363,497 57,550 3,178,800

Bank loan 1,890,044 3% 7

Other loan

Cash equity 1,200,000

Kind equity 851,671

Others

Installation Commissioning VAT Contingencies Others

232,500 623,611

O & M (Rs) Salary Spares Maintenance Office expenses Miscellaneous Others

305,004 114000 171,000 20,004

Cost Summary
Project cost (Rs) Annual Operation, Maintenance and other Costs (Rs) Annual Income without probable business loads (Rs) Annual Income with probable business loads (Rs) Annual installment for Bank loan Annual installment for other loan NPV on equity without probable business load (Rs)+ve NPV equity with probable business load (Rs)+ve Cost/Kw =>>Ok Subsidy/HH 12,734,865 305,004 916050 1099770 303364 NA 3,773,038 5,305,869 132,517 18,669

NPV Based on Different Project Costs NPV Probable Business Load Without With Total investment cost (3,543,677) (2,010,846) Total Inv Cost-Subsidy 5,249,473 6,782,304 Equity 3,773,038 5,305,869

Annual Cash Flows

Year Equity O & M costs Loan repayment Income Without Probable Business Loads Cash flow With Probable Business Loads Income Cash flow

1,200,000 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 305,004 303,364 303,364 303,364 303,364 303,364 303,364 303,364 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050 916,050

-1,200,000 307,682 307,682 307,682 307,682 307,682 307,682 307,682 611,046 611,046 611,046 611,046 611,046 611,046 611,046 611,046

916,050 916,050 916,050 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770 1,099,770

-1,200,000 307,682 307,682 307,682 491,402 491,402 491,402 491,402 794,766 794,766 794,766 794,766 794,766 794,766 794,766 794,766

Ulitilities and Short Calculations

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ

Uniform Depth of a Trapezoidal Canal (Y-m)

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ

Golmagad SHP
Stone masonry canal Design Discharge (l/s): 1/Mannings Coeff (M): 1/Canal Slope (S): Freeboard, FB (m) Wall Thickness, t (m) Width of Canal, b (m):
0.5

Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Date 17-Jan-2013

Revision 1,000 50.0000 300 0.2 0.3 1.000 Z= 0.50

2006.05

Top width, T (m) Uniform Depth (Y-m)

#NAME? #NAME?
Canal Wall Geometry

#NAME?
Wall

Payment of a loan
Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Golmagad SHP Date 17-Jan-2013 Stone masonry canal Revision

2006.05
Payback 1 2 2006

Loan amount (NRs) : Interest rate (APR): Yearly payment and No Yearly Payment

1,800,000 Starting Month 13.00% Starting Year 10 331,721.20

Actual vs AEPC Power (Pe-kW)

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Golmagad SHP Date 17-Jan-2013 Stone masonry canal Revision

2006.05

Discharge (l/s): Cumulative efficiency including head loss (n%) Gross Head (H-m) Actual Power (Pact-kW) Power MGSP-ESAP (Pe-kW)

120 80.00% 300.00 282.53 176.58

Spillway Lengths (m)

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Golmagad SHP Date 17-Jan-2013 Stone masonry canal Revision

2006.05

Flood discharge (l/s): Design discharge (l/s): Overtopping height (ho) mm: Spillway discharge coeff L spillway min for Qf m & full height Length of spillway Ls1 for Qf m & half height

2,000 500 300 1.5 0.00 0.00

1.5

Friction Factor (f) & Net head

Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Golmagad SHP Date 17-Jan-2013 Stone masonry canal Revision

2006.05

Discharge (m3/s) Gross head (m) Pipe roughness ks (mm) Pipe diameter (mm) Pipe Length (m) Turbulent headloss factor (K) Friction factor f Headloss hl (m) Headloss hl (%) Net Head (m)

0.500 Flow 63 Velocity, v(m/s) 0.010 Reynold's nr, (R ) 500.00 Laminar Flow

2.546479089 1116876.794

5.73027E-05 100 9.170E+00 1.50 9.170E+00 Transitional Flow & Turbulent Flow 0.0119 0.011893135 1.282 2.03 61.718

Voltage Drop
Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ Spreadsheet by Mr Pushpa Chitrakar Golmagad SHP Date 17-Jan-2013 Stone masonry canal Revision

2006.05

Reach length, L (km) Voltage at 1st node, V1 (V) Power, P (kW) ASCR type Phase at 1st node, f1 (1/3) Phase at 2nd node, f2 (1/3) Current, I (A) Impedence, Z (/km) Voltage at 2nd node, V2 (V) Power loss P loss (kW) Voltage drop, dV (V) % Voltage drop

Dog

1.000 230 20 6.00 1 1 108.70 0.4178 139.17 3.95 90.83 39.49

List of References
Small Hydropower Promotion Project (SHPP)/GTZ 1 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal (2002), Peltric Standards 2 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal (2003), Preliminary Feasibility Studies of Prospective Micro-hydro Projects 3 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre , Kathmandu, Nepal(2001), Technical Details and Cost Estimate 4 Mini-Grid Support Programme, Alternative Energy Promotion Centre , Kathmandu, Nepal(2003), Guidelines for Detailed Feasibility Study of Micro-Hydro Projects 5 European Small Hydropower Association (1998), Layman's Guidebook on How to Develop a Small Hydro Site 6 BPC Hydroconsult, Intermediate Technology Development Group (ITDG), Kathmandu, Nepal (2002), Civil W orks Guidelines for Micro-Hydropower in Nepal. 7 United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Report on Standardiztion of Civil W orks for Small Hydropower Plants 8 GTZ/Department of Energy Development, Energy Division, Papua New Guinea, Micro Hydropower Training Modules (1994), Modules 1-7, 10, 13, 14 & 18B. 9 Americal Society of Civil Engineer (ASCE), Sediment Transportation. 10 KB Raina & SK Bhattacharya, New Age International (P) Ltd (1999), Electrical Design Estimating and Costing. 11 Badri Ram & DN Vishwakarma, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi (1995), Power System Protection and Switchgear. 12 Adam Harvey et.al. (1993), Micro-Hydro Design Manual, A guide to small-scale water power schemes, Intermediate Technology Publications, ISBN 1 85339 103 4. 13 Allen R. Inversin (1986), Micro-Hydropower Sourcebook, A Practical Guide to Design and Implementation in Developing Countries, NRECA International Foundation, 1800 Massachusetts Avenue N. W ., W ashington, DC 20036. 14 Helmut Lauterjung/Gangolf Schmidt (1989), Planning of Intake Structures, GATE/GTZ, Vieweg. 15 Methodologies for estimating hydrologic characteristics of ungauged locations in Nepal (1990), HMG of Nepal, Ministry of W ater Resources, W ater and Energy Commission Secretariat, Department of Hydrology and Meteorology. 16 Design Manuals for Irrigation Projects in Nepal (1990), Planning and Design Strengthening Project (PDSP), His Majesty's Government of Nepal, Ministry of W ater Resources, Department of Irrigation. United Nations Development Programme (NEP/85/013)/W orld Bank. 17 Salleri Chialsa Small Hydel Project (1983), Technical Report, DEH/SATA, ITECO. 18 P.N. Khanna (1996), Indian Practical Civil Engineer's Handbook, 15th Edition, Engineer's Publishers, Post Box 725, New Delhi - 110001.