IX.

DRUG STUDY Drug Study: Metronidazole

Name of Drug Generic Name Metronidazole Brand Name Flagyl Dosage/Route /Frequency Children: 500mg IV q8 Computation 500mg X 1mL 500mg = 1mL

Classification Antiprotozoal

Action Direct acting trichomonacid e and amebicide that work inside and outside the intestine.

Indication Acute intestinal amebiasis

Contraindication Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to metronidazole.

Side Effects CNS Seizures

Nursing Consideration Tell the patient to report to prescriber immediately any neurologic symptoms like seizures Tell the patient the following side effects: dry mouth with strange metallic taste (frequent mouth care, sucking sugarless candies my help) nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (eat frequent small meals). Tell the patient that the urine may be turn darker color than usually. Instruct patient in proper hygiene

GI dry mouth with strange metallic taste ,nausea, vomiting, diarrhea GU Dysuria, incontinenc e, darkening of urine.

Drug Study: Iodoquinol

Name of Drug Generic Name: Iodoquinol Brand Name: Yodoxin Dosage/Route /Frequency Children : 650mg/ 1tab TID Computation 650mg X 1TAB 650mg = 1tab

Classification Amebicide

Action Directly amebicidal by an unknown mechanism; is poorly absorbed in the GI tract and is able to exert its amebicidal action directly in large intestine.

Indication Acute or chronic intestinal amebiasis.

Contraindication Contraindicted with hepatic failure, allergy to iodine preparation or 8hydroxyquinolin es.

Side Effects CNS blurring of vision, weakness, fatigue, optic atrophy, peripheral neuropathy,

Nursing Consideration Tell the patient to report to prescriber immediately any neurologic symptoms Tell the patient the following side effects: GI upset, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (eat frequent small meals: frequent mouth care. Instruct the patient to take drugs with meals. It is important Instruct patient to use iodoquinol for the full course of treatment. Failure to do so may increase the risk that the bacteria will no longer be sensitive to iodoquinol

GI nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal cramps.

Drug Study: Ranitidine

Name of Drug Generic Name: Ranitidine Brand Name: Zantac Dosage/Route /Frequency Children : 50mg/1mL IV q8 Computation 50mg X 1mL 500mg = 1mL

Classification Histamine -2 (H2) antagonist

Action Competitivel y inhibits the action of histamine at the H2 receptor sites of parietal cells, decreasing gastric acid secretion.

Indication Treatment of heartburn.

Contraindication Contraindicated with allergy to ranitidine. Use cautiously in patients with hepatic dysfunction.

Side Effects CNS dizziness, headache GI nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps. Hepatic jaundice

Nursing Consideration Remind patient to take once-daily prescription drug at bedtime for best results. Advise patient to report abdominal pain, blood in stool, or coffee ground emesis Instruct patient to take without regard to meals because absorption isnt affected by food.

Drug Study: Hyoscine butylbromide

Name of Drug Generic Name Hyoscine butylbromide Brand Name Buscopan Dosage/Route /Frequency Children :5 mg IV q6 Computation 5mg X 1mL 5mg = 1mL

Classification Antiemetic, Anticholinergic

Action Inhibits muscarinic action of acetylcholine on autonomic effectors innervated by prostaganglio nic cholinergic neurons.

Indication Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness

Contraindication Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to belladonna and barbiturates Use cautiously in children

Side Effects CNS Disorientation ,drowsy

Nursing Consideration Raise side rails as a precaution because some patients become temporarily excited or disoriented. Reorient patient as needed Advise patient to report constipation, dry mouth, N&V Use cautiously in patients in hot or humid environment; drug can cause heat stroke.

GI Constipation, dry mouth, N&V Other heat intolerance