Chapter 2&3

TYPE ORBIT Eccentricity, e Semi-major Axis, a Periapsis Distance, Rp Parameter, p Semi-latus rectum Total Energy, E Distance from Central Body Velocity, v = angle from periapsis (true anamoly) Angle of Velocity, relative to the perpendicular to the radial direction Periapsis Velocity, vRp

Circular[1] e=0 a>0 Rp = a

Elliptical 0<e<1 a>0 Rp = a (1 - e) p = a(1-e2)

Parabolic[2] e=1 a = undefined Rp defining parameter p = 2Rp

Hyperbolic e>1 a<0 Rp = a (1 - e) p = a(1-e2)

p=a

E = - /2a r=a

E = - /2a r = p/[1 + e cos()]

v2 = (1/a) v2 = (2/r - 1/a) v = constant v2 = [/p](1+e2-2e cos()) =0 tan() = [e sin()/(1 + e cos())]

E=0 r = 2Rp/[1 + cos()] v2 = (2/r) v2 = (/Rp)[1 + cos()] = /2

E = -/2a r = p/[1 + e cos()] v2 = (2/r - 1/a) v2 = [/p](1+e2-2 cos()) tan() = [e sin()/(1 + e cos())] max = 1/cos(e)

vRp = [/a]1/2

vRp = [(/a)(1+e)/(1e)]1/2

vRp = [2/Rp]1/2 This is the 'escape' velocity

A = [Rp/2]1/2

vRp = [(/a)(1+e)/(e1)]1/2
A = [-a(1+e)/(e-1)]1/2

Areal Velocity, A

A = [a]1/2

A = [a(1+e)/(1-e)]1/2

Period P Eccentric Anomaly, E, D, F Units = radians Mean Anomaly, M Time from Periapsis, t - to

P= 2[a3/]1/2 E=

P = 2[a /]

1/2

undefined D = tan(/2)

undefined [e + cos()] cosh(F) = ----------------[1 + e cos()] M = e sinh(F) - F t - to = [(-a)3/]1/2 M

M=E t - to = M P/(2) t-to = [a3/]1/2 M

M = E - e sin(E) t - to = M P/(2) t-to = [a3/]1/2 M

M = D +D3/3 t - to = [2 Rp3/]1/2 M

Perifocal frame :
Center at focus Lagrange :

Universal variables ( for any orbit ) universal anomaly Universal keplersequation

If t0 != 0 Iterate for

Z>0 ellipse Z=0 parapolic Z<0 hyperpolic

OR

If t0=0

Given r 0 and v 0 , fi nd r and v at a time t later :

Get

Chapter 4 Given the position vector r = XI +YJ + ZK , calculate the right ascension and declination .

Given state vector r v

Transformation of coordinates

find the angles of the classical Euler rotation sequence.

Find the angles of the yaw, pitch and roll sequence

From geocentric to perifocal frame : Given orbit parameters from pri to geo

Oblateness of earth :

Chapter 5 Gips method :

Given r 1 , r 2 and r 3 : 1-Calculate r 1 , r 2 and r 3 2-Calculate C 12 =r 1 x r 2 , C 23 = r 2 x r 3 and C 31 = r 3 x r 1 3- Verify that ur1 .C 23 =0 .

Get v2

6- calculate orbital elements using r2 v2 using previous algorithm