MINOR THESIS GUIDELINES

FOR UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM AT FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITAS PADJADJARAN

CHAPTER I GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1. Definition The minor thesis is an original research study carried out using scientific approaches that are appropriate to the research questions to generate new facts and apply concepts and methods from one or more branches of medical and/or health sciences relevant to the population health problems, and is presented in a scholarly format. 1.2. Objectives The minor thesis is compulsory for the accomplishment of the community research program IV. It represents the culmination of the Bachelor Degree Program (Undergraduate in Medicine), and an opportunity to integrate and apply the concepts in medical science and research methodology learned during the program. Upon completing the minor thesis, the student would be able to: select and justify an issue or problem of medical or health importance carry out an effective searching, a critical review and an evaluation of the published literature grasp the principle of research methods, specially to select, describe, and justify an appropriate research design in accordance with problem identification and research question(s) select and justify an appropriate sample through proper sample size calculation and sampling technique selection select and justify appropriate methods for data collection including develop and pretest relevant instruments as necessary demonstrate skills in using appropriate methods to analyze a set of medical or health data demonstrate skills in developing a written research proposal identify the potential ethical issues of the research and complete an ethical clearance form demonstrate skills in interpreting the analysis of medical or health data in such a way that it has relevance for medical or health knowledge and/or practice

 1.3.

demonstrate skills in communicating the research results and findings

Feasible designs Several different types of projects may fulfill the thesis requirement: a. Descriptive studies: A qualitative or quantitative study measures magnitude, variability of a need or problem and to explore associated factors. Descriptive studies are often guided by questions rather than formal hypotheses, and are often the first step in more directed research. b. Analytic studies An analytic study may take the form as either a case control or cohort study, although other approaches may fit into this category. Analytic studies utilize quantitative methods, and are often guided by hypotheses. For doing such study, a student is strongly recommended to join/involve in a collaborative research with his/her supervisor(s). c. Experiments A study with randomized or otherwise highly controlled allocation of two or more identifiable intervention strategies which test a hypothesis regarding causation or treatment effectiveness/efficacy. Feasibility of conducting an experiment is usually limited within the time frame and resources available to the student, given that the student must take significant initiative in the study design and execution. As with the analytic study, in conducting this study, the student is also strongly suggested that he/she attach him/herself with a particular research project. d. Case studies A detailed review of a unique or important clinical case or public health program that captures the background, process, outcomes, successes, failures and lessons learned. The case study may include either qualitative or quantitative data or both. The case study provides an opportunity to explore a single or small number of clinical case or public health program in depth. e. Policy analysis A synthesis of existing and newly collected data brought together in an organized, structured and thoughtful manner to answer a policy question or present and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of policy options for decision makers. A policy analysis usually employs multiple sources and types of information (e.g., literature, documents, interviews, and secondary data. f. Intervention or program evaluation.

A structured study which assesses whether a program, intervention or technique is effective in achieving its goals (effectiveness or efficacy for interventions). A program evaluation addresses explicit questions, and the methods and measurement may be complex.

CHAPTER 2 ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURE 2.1. Eligibility Eligibility criteria for commencing the minor thesis are: Have taken at least Community Research Program (CRP) 1, CRP 2, CRP 3, CRP 4, and or taking CRP 5 enrolled in at least third year class for 2010 batch and afterward 2.2. Time table Several steps should be taken in conducting a minor thesis: No. Activity 1. Topic dissemination and selection 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Selected topic registration Selected topic compilation Supervisors assignment List of topic announcement Topic switching Proposal submission Proposal presentation Draft submission Sorting and scheduling Schedule revision Rescheduling Seminar schedule announcement Draft delivery Seminar Revision Journal article submission Time September 17-October 5, 2012 October 8-9, 2012 October 10-12, 2012 October 15-19, 2012 October 26, 2012 October 29-November 23, 2012 February 27-29, 2013 March 25-29, 2013 December 2-4, 2013 December 9-13, 2013 December 16-20, 2013 December 23-24, 2013 January 3, 2014 January 6-10, 2014 January 13-17, 2014 January 24, 2014

2.3. Title selection Nomination of tentative topics for minor thesis work issued by the department Each year a list of topics from every department will be released by SBP office (4th year officer). The student must choose three topics (in priority order) from the list and submit those through SATPT (on line) as time scheduled. Request for tentative topics for minor thesis work not issued by the department

2.4. Title approval In any case where the topic is selected by two or more students, then decision will be arranged based on time of admission (first priority will be given to the first student submitted the same topic). Should all the submitted topics already been assigned to other students, the particular student will be given other choices provided by the minor thesis coordinator When a topic had to be changed, both supervisors have to give a written approval in the log book prior to proposal presentation, and the change should be reported to the minor thesis coordinator through the group coordinator 2.5. Supervisor assignment Department will assign supervisors based on the field of study First supervisor comes from the department from which the topic is originally submitted The department of second supervisor is meant to enrich or broaden the students insight from clinical or pre-clinical perspectives List of topics and students will be delivered to the Head of selected department in order to finalize the supervisors assignment. Supervisors qualification: o Lektor Kepala, or o a Master degree holder, or o a Specialist degree holder Supervisor assignment letter will be issued by Dean of the Faculty of Medicine which is valid for 1 year In case, a supervisor is permanently absent (more than 2 consecutive months), a replacement should be provided by the head of the particular Department which will be reported to the Dean through SBP A supervisor can be subtituted upon a very special case assessed by the group coordinator in coordination with the assigned department. The subtitute is assigned by the head of the department or Bachelor Degree Education coordinator of each department. 2.6. Group coordinator Staff from Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Assigned according to tutorial group Job description: o To monitor minor thesis process and progress

o To discuss any arising problem and prospective solution the problem during minor thesis process and communicate with supervisor(s) o To manage a proposal presentation and report the feed back to the supervisors 2.7. Log book A tool to monitor the process of minor thesis preparation and writing Contents : o student-supervisors agreement to be agreed at the first meeting o title approval and revision o proposal preparation report o proposal approval and presentation o data collection approval dan journal o draft preparation report o draft approval and seminar o revision consultation and approval o final version submission report To be filled together with supervisors through out the whole process. 2.8. Data collection Could be started after proposal presentation with enquiry permit issued by Dean through SBP Should be reported in the log book 2.9. Reports There are 3 types of reports that must be written by students: 1. Proposal: a. Basically is the first three chapters of the whole report b. Should be presented with approval from both supervisors 2. Draft Report: a. The complete report of the study b. Will be presented during minor thesis seminar with approval from both supervisors c. Should be submitted one month prior to the minor thesis seminar 3. Final Report: a. Revised version of draft report b. Should be submitted within one month after seminar but at least 2 days prior to the date of final result decision (judicium)

c. Is a pre requisite for final result decision (judicium) 4. Journal article : Based on letter from Dirjen Dikti (General Director of Higher Education) and Rector decree : Candidate for Bachelor degree should at least publish one article in a journal (research article)

CHAPTER 3 WRITING FORMAT AND COVERAGE 3.1 Content The content of the minor thesis should be arranged as follows:

3.1.1 Preface The preface consists of : Title (and sub-title) page (inner cover) Supervisory Team Approval page Statement of Minor Thesis Seminar Abstract page Foreword page o Should be written in official style List of contents page List of tables page (if any) List of pictures page (if any) include graph and diagram List of attachments page (if any) o Lists of page should be written in double space line o Should the title consist of more than 1 line, write it in single space Abstract page: o Should the report be written in Indonesian, abstract should be provided in Indonesian and English. o The abstract renders concisely, background, research objective, methods in brief, result, discussion/ conclusion, and key words. o The abstract should not exceed 150-200 words for Bahasa Indonesias
version and 100 words for English version. English version of abstract should be typed in past tense. Paragraph layout - The first line of text should be 4 spacelines from the title (ABSTRACT) - New paragraphs should be typed 1.5 cm from the left margin of the text, with 1.5 spacelines o References to literature, citations, tables and figures are not belong in an abstract. o o

3.1.2 Chapter I: Introduction Chapter I should include: 1.1 Background: The purpose is to describe the background, the importance justification or why the study needs to be conducted

1. State the problem and, especially, the consequences of the problem-the state-of-affairs before your investigation 2. Tell the reader what is known 3. State a specific unknown that is crucial to solve the problem 4. Tell the reader how we can help to solve the problem by learning more about that specific unknown 1.2 Problem Identification: Identify the problem(s)/Research Question(s), arose from the background (discrepansy beteween theory and reality) Objective(s): The research objective resulting in an outline of a clear research questions on one or more hypotheses Conceptual framework Conceptual framework of the research should be constructed (except for descriptive study). It should explains, either graphically or in narrative form, the main things, such as concepts, key factors or variables, to be studied and the predicted relationships. Research hypotheses if appropriate. Hypotheses should be prepared for analytical study Research Benefit: outline the benefit(s) of the study toward: theoretical and practical benefit

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1.5 1.6

3.1.3 Chapter II: Literature Review The literature review usually starts with a short survey of the most significant findings of previous research (review of existing literature) on the same subject. Any contradictory research outcomes are discussed. The literatures cited should have high relevance with the focus of the study and derived from update or recent publication. It should be obtained from scientific/scholar sources and not from popular site such as popular magazine. Should a website be used, use those with author(s). Popular web such as Wikipedia and personal blog should not be used. The literature review may not contain any findings or conclusions from the research that the report is about. One paragraph in this chapter should consist of mininum 5 sentences. One subtitle should consist of more than 1 paragraph. Beware of plagiarism. Be careful in citing any literature, fail to do so will be considered as plagiarism, and consequences will be applied.

Keep it simple and cover only the correlated subjects. Citation 1. Direct citation (in original language or translation), which comprise not more than 3 lines, could be typed into the text in double spaceline, followed by number of reference (Vancouver style). 2. Direct citation (in original language or translation), which comprise more than 4 lines, should be typed separately from the text with single spaceline and indented 5 strokes from the left margin, followed by number of reference (Vancouver style). 3. Space between lines of direct citation as in point (2) above and space between direct citation and first line of the next text is double spaceline. 4. Using others ideas or work (figures, photos, tables) in any level should be refered to the original source as listed in the Reference. 3.1.4 Chapter III: Methods The research plan and methods are described as follows: Research population/subjects Selection (inclusion and exclusion criteria) and dropping out of subjects or respondents The variables and operational definition of variables, - descriptive study definition, procedure, reference or standard, appropriate scale of measurement - analytical study independent variable? Dependent variable? confounding variable (if any) plus definition, procedure, reference or standard, appropriate scale of measurement The materials/instruments used The research procedures Data collection and analysis. - descriptive study descriptive statistic - analytical study appropriate statistical test, H0? H1?, p-value to reject H0? - appropriate data presentation choose the most appropriate data presentation methods, (for proposal dummy tables, graphs, charts) - software used to analyze data (name, version) Ethical issue specify the potential threats and how to overcome them, compensation (due to potential loss), confidentiality (refer to formprovided by Ethical Committee) It is important that the procedure described in the method is appropriate (valid and reliable) for the objective of the Research and completed with reference.

3.1.5

Chapter IV: Results and discussion

In the result, the findings are described and, if applicable, condensed in tables and/or figures. Every table or figure must have an informative caption, which will enable the reader to understand the contents without referring to the running text. Each table or figure must be referred to in the text. Avoid repetition, i.e. what has been clearly described in tables or graphs does not need to be rewrite in the narrative. Further elaboration is recommended. If statistical analysis is applied, its interpretation should be described. In the discussion, the significance of the results of the research is discussed in relation to the problem outlined in the introduction, the research questions and/or any hypotheses. The main purpose of the discussion is to explain the outcome of one's own research, to interpret the results, to compare the results with results from other research and to draw conclusions. Unexpected findings, shortcomings in the research plan or the way the research was conducted and causes of any mistakes or limitation are explicitly discussed. Proposed further research might be elaborated in this part. 3.1.6 Chapter V: Conclusion and recommendation

Conclusion should correlate with the research objective Recommendation should be put forward to implement the results of the study toward the beneficiary of the study. 3.1.7 Reference

A minor thesis is an exercise in academic writing. Each academic report should acknowledge the published research which it support or refutes. References to literature are necessary when original ideas of authors are used, views of various authors are compared, or data/figures have been taken from publications. References to literature clarify which elements have been taken from other people's work. It enables the reader to verify whether a source is used correctly and whether important sources are missing. A reference made in the text must be listed in the bibliography as well. Conversely, the bibliography may not list a book or article to which no references are made in the text. Reference writing formats for minor thesis is Vancouver style (please refer to lay out part) 3.2 Lay out General condition 1. Paper to use

The paper for minor thesis is paper in A4 size (80 gram, size 21.5x28 cm) The front cover needs a buffalo or linen paper, in the form of hard cover. The base color of it is yellow. The inner cover and the rest of the pages use white 80 gram A4 size paper. Light-yellow colored papers are inserted between two parts or chapters, locally known as doorslag. The paper is thin and may contain logo of UNPAD on each sheet of paper.

2. Typing Should be typed only on one side of paper Font : Times New Roman Alignment : Justified Font size : 12; 16 for title Colour : black Print : good quality 3. Spaceline 2 spacelines, unless mentioned as other; no space before or after paragraph 2 spacelines from CHAPTER to TITLE OF CHAPTER 4 spacelines from TITLE OF CHAPTER to the first text 3 spacelines before next section heading 1 spaceline for title, section heading, table and picture heading which consist of more than 1 line New paragraphs should be typed 1,5 cm from the left margin of the text 4 spacelines from the last text to the title of next sub chapter 4. Page lay-out Page lay-out should follow some rules, as follows: The use of word processor is strongly recommended. This guideline is written based on Microsoft Office word. Indentation for the first line of the paragraph is 1.5 cm Do not leave the bottom part of the page empty, except at the end of the chapter. Special pages follow special rules 5. Page numbering Page numbering count starts from the inner cover page, The page number is not printed for the first three pages (inner cover, approval, and statement of seminar).

The next page is the abstract, and starting at this point the page numbers are printed in roman style ( iv, v, and so on ) until last page for the list of attachments (or the last page, prior to first page of chapter 1). Page numbers are put in the center at bottom of page (in the footer section). Page number on the pages without section heading are put in the right corner of top of page (in the header section). Number of pages from the title page to the List of appendix page should be typed with small Roman. From the page of Abstract to the page of list of appendix, number of pages should be typed with small Roman style, which is continued from the page of inner title and the page of supervisor approval. Page number should be typed on the top right of the Page, 3 spacelines from the first text and the last number of the page number should be typed in 1 line with the right margin of the text. For each page which consist of title, from Abstract to the List of appendix page, and chapter title, number of pages should be typed in center, 3 spacelines below the last text.

Number for Chapter, Sub Chapter and paragraphs o Number of chapter should be typed in center with Roman capital style o Number of sub chapter and paragraph should be typed in the left margin with Arabic style o Number of sub chapter and paragraph should be appropriate with number of chapter

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Content page

4 cm

3 cm 4 cm

3 cm

2. Cover page

6 cm

5 cm

4 cm

3 cm

Logo in the midway

3.5 cm

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Approval page for Proposal Presentation or Seminar

4 cm

4 cm

3 cm

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Approval page for Final Version

4 cm

4 cm

3 cm

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Seminar statement on the final version

4 cm

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Table layout Tables capture information concisely, and display it efficiently; they also provide information at any desired level of detail and precision. Title, heading, reference number (if appropriate) and unit of measurement should be included, use one line spacing. Number tables consecutively in the order of their first citation in the text and supply a brief title for each. Authors should place explanatory matter in footnotes, not in the heading. Explain in footnotes all nonstandard abbreviations. For footnotes use the following symbols, in sequence: *,,,,_,**,, Do not use internal borders. Table should be printed in one page, use smaller font if necesary. If it is impossible to put a table in one page, the same heading should be included in the continued table. Put the table in the center of the line, but the title on the left side with justify alignment. The number of the table should consist of 2 parts : 1. First number is the chapter number where the table is placed 2. Second number is the number of the table in sequence within that chapter Ex. Table 3.2 showed that the table is in chapter 3 and is the second table in that chapter. Put 3 spacelines before and after a table.

Table 2.1. Hemoglobin Concentrations in 85 Healthy Women with Proven Iron Stores19 Hemoglobin (g/dL) Nonpregnant Midpregnancy Late Pregnancy 13.7 11.5 12.3 Mean 1% 72% 36% Less than 12.0 None 29% 6% Less than 11.0 None 4% 1% Less than 10.0 11.7 9.7 9.8 Lowest Note: ________

Figure layout Figure should be self explanatory. Title, unit of measurement, legends, and note should be included, use one space line, below the picture/figure/graph. Source (if appropriate) should be put under note.

Figure 2.1 A dark, low quality egg with an irregular shape from a 41 year old. The egg is the ovoid structure in the center surrounded by hundreds of ovarian cumulus cells.ref Put the picture/figure/graph in the center of the line, but the title on the left side with justify alignment. The number of the figure should consist of 2 parts : 1. First number is the chapter number where the figure is placed 2. Second number is the number of the figure in sequence within that chapter If a figure has been published, acknowledge the original source. Put 3 line space before and after a figure.

Units of Measurement Measurements of length, height, weight, and volume should be reported in metric units (meter, kilogram, or liter) or their decimal multiples. Temperatures should be in degrees Celsius. Blood pressures should be in millimeters of mercury, unless other units are specifically required by the journal. The use for reporting hematological, clinical chemistry, and other measurements, authors must refer to the particular journal and should report laboratory information in both the local and International System of Units (SI). Drug concentrations may be reported in either SI or mass units, but the alternative should be provided in parentheses where appropriate.

Abbreviations and Symbols Use only standard abbreviations; the use of non-standard abbreviations can be extremely confusing to readers. Avoid abbreviations in the title. The full term for which an abbreviation stands should precede its first use in the text unless it is a standard unit of measurement. Reference layout References are written in the modified Vancouver Style formats. It is strongly recommended to use EndNote program as reference manager. The general principles in the modified Vancouver style format are: 1. References should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. 2. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numbers in superscripted figures, after a fullstop sign. Example: ..degeneration.1,2,3 3. References cited only in tables or figure legends should be numbered in accordance with the sequence established by the first identification in the text of the particular table or figure. 4. The name of author(s) should appear first in the list, and appear in original sequence of the source itself. 5. If one reference consists of two lines or more, keep it left aligned with the first capital in the first line. Look at the examples on the following page. 6. The formats of references are classified according to the source. Further explanation on how to write them is provided. 7. Using reference manager program such as EndNote will help in managing the reference and its lay-out in the reference list, but be careful during data entry of the bibliography, choose the appropiate type of reference to get a standard sequence of reference list. Examples: A. Journals 1. Gleicher N, Cohen CJ, Kerenyi TD, et al. A blocking factor in amniotic fluid causing leukocyte migration enhancement. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979 February 15; 133(2): 386-90. [3 or more author] 2. Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Hypertension, insulin, and proinsulin in participants with impaired glucose tolerance. Hypertension. 2002;40(5):679-86. [the author is an organization] Vallancien G, Emberton M, Harving N, van Moorselaar RJ; Alf-One Study Group. Sexual dysfunction in 1,274 European men suffering from

3.

lower urinary tract symptoms. J Urol. 2003;169(6):2257-61. [personal and organization as author] 4. 21st century heart solution may have a sting in the tail. BMJ. 2002;325(7357):184. [no author]

B. Books and Other Monographs 1. Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Kobayashi GS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002. [book with personal author] 2. Gilstrap LC 3rd, Cunningham FG, VanDorsten JP, editors. Operative obstetrics. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. [editor as author] 3. Royal Adelaide Hospital; University of Adelaide, Department of Clinical Nursing. Compendium of nursing research and practice development, 1999-2000. Adelaide (Australia): Adelaide University; 2001. [organization as author] 4. Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93-113. [book section] C. Dissertation and Thesis 25. Borkowski MM. Infant sleep and feeding: a telephone survey of Hispanic Americans [dissertation]. Mount Pleasant (MI): Central Michigan University; 2002. D. Other Published Material Newspaper article 26. Tynan T. Medical improvements lower homicide rate: study sees drop in assault rate. The Washington Post. 2002 Aug 12;Sect. A:2 (col. 4). Legal Material 28. Veterans Hearing Loss Compensation Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 1079, 115 Stat. 11 (May 24, 2001). 29. Healthy Children Learn Act, S. 1012, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (2001). 30. Cardiopulmonary Bypass Intracardiac Suction Control, 21 C.F.R. Sect. 870.4430 (2002).

31. Arsenic in Drinking Water: An Update on the Science, Benefits and Cost: Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Environment, Technology and Standards of the House Comm. on Science, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (Oct. 4, 2001). Map 32. Pratt B, Flick P, Vynne C, cartographers. Biodiversity hotspots [map]. Washington: Conservation International; 2000. Dictionary and similar references 33. Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary. 29th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 2000. Filamin; p. 675. Journal article on the Internet 36. Abood S. Quality improvement initiative in nursing homes: the ANA acts in an advisory role. Am J Nurs [serial on the Internet]. 2002 Jun [cited 2002 Aug 12];102(6):[about 3 p.]. Available from: http://www.nursingworld.org/AJN/2002/june/Wawatch.htm Monograph on the Internet 37. Foley KM, Gelband H, editors. Improving palliative care for cancer [monograph on the Internet]. Washington: National Academy Press; 2001 [cited 2002 Jul 9]. Available from: http://www.nap.edu/books/0309074029/html/. Homepage/Web site 38. Cancer-Pain.org [homepage on the Internet]. New York: Association of Cancer Online Resources, Inc.; c2000-01 [updated 2002 May 16; cited 2002 Jul 9]. Available from: http://www.cancer-pain.org/. More information on reference can be obtained from International Committee of Medical Journal Editors National Library of Medicine. Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals.html . Available from : http://www.icmje.org/

CHAPTER 4 EVALUATION AND ASSESSMENT 4.1. Supervision

A log book is provided for each student and must be filled in by students and supervisor after every consultation. The log book is also a tool to monitor each step of minor thesis process starting from the title approval to proposal preparation and proposal presentation, from data collection approval to seminar and revision. Monitoring will be based on the achievement on the log book. The best way to optimise the written product and limit the stress that many students experience in the process of writing is to start writing (parts of) the thesis as early as possible. Many students spend too little time critically reviewing their text (which consists of more than correcting mistakes!) and as a result their work does not reflect their true abilities. By postponing the work and, consequently, due to lack of time, there is often insufficient time for revision. Students who produce a good minor thesis are usually the ones who plan the process of writing well in advance and therefore don't run out of time; also, these students often pay more attention to 'polishing and refining' their text. It is advisable to leave a finished draft for a few days. This allows the author to take a fresh look at his/her written work, which often results in considerable improvements. Running a spell-check over the text may help to prevent annoying (typing) errors in the final version. 4.2. Proposal presentation The aim of proposal presentation is to show the students readiness to conduct the research. The proposal presentation will also be used to assess the student and the research for grant promotion. The proposal presentation will be guided by the group coordinator and participated by all of group members. Supervisors are very welcomed to participate but not obligatory. The proposal manuscript should be submitted to the group coordinator 1 week prior to the schedulled day. Each student will present his/her proposal which has already been approved by BOTH supervisors (as signed in the log book AND in the approval page of the proposal). Each student will be given 10 minutes for presentation and 30 minutes of discussion. Feed back arise during the discussion will be reported in the log book to be informed to the supervisors.

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Seminar Administration Seminar will be held, as scheduled in academic schedule, in 5 consecutive days, 4 students in 4 consecutive time in each room per day. Each student should register one month prior to the arranged week by submitting 6 copies of final draft approved by supervisors and approval for seminar on the log book to SBP. Fail to register at the particular time, 2nd seminar will be arrranged one week before next judicium with maximum mark B+. Examiners One week prior to scheduled seminar, each examiner should recieve a copy of the minor thesis draft handed by the student. Should any of the examiner fail to present at the time of the seminar, the seminar committee will find a replacement. Should both supervisors fail to present at the time of the seminar, the seminar will be postponed, unless a replacement appointed by the head of the department of the supervisor is informed to the committee at least 2 week before hand. During the seminar, a student has to defend his or her minor thesis before 3 examiners and 2 supervisors from at least 3 different departments. Every student has the opportunity to present his/her minor thesis in 10 minutes using power point presentation. 30 minutes discussion and clarification will follow. Mark Marks should be given based on a form provided by the committee. Basically, assessment is based on the process of research and report writing. Ninety percent of the mark are on those processes, the other 10% are given during the seminar itself. The mean of supervisors mark will be 60% of the final mark, while the mean of examiners mark is 40% of it. Should all examiners consider that the minor thesis is not well prepared or not satisfactory, they are allowed to postpone the seminar until the next schedule. In such condition, the mark should be D at most. All marks will be kept and not available for judicium until approved revised version as a hard copy and soft copy (in CD), accompanied by the log book are submitted to SBP.

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4.4. Score and scoring system Assessment will be based on student activity (log book), the quality of the thesis, student presentation, and discussion.

The final grade will be based on the following table: Score 80 100 76 - 79 72 - 75 68 - 71 64 - 67 60 - 63 56 - 59 45 - 55 < 45 Grade A B++ B+ B C++ C+ C D E Index 4.00 3.50 3.25 3.00 2.75 2.50 2.00 1.00 0 Qualification Highly Satisfactory Satisfactory Fair Poor Fail