,

Vasiliy Vasilyevich Vereshagin

1842-1904

Napoleon in Russia

Vasily Vereshchagin 1842-1904

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Born

October 26, 1842 Cherepovets, Novgorod Governorate, Russia

Died

April 13, 1904 (aged 61) Port Arthur, Manchuria

Nationality

Russian

Works

St Petersburg Academy

Influenced
by

Jean-Lon Grme

Awards

Order of St. George (4th class)

Vasily Vasilyevich Vereshchagin (Russian: , October 26, 1842 April 13, 1904) was
one of the most famous Russian battle painters and one of the first Russian artists to be widely recognized abroad. The graphic
nature of his realist scenes led many of them to never be printed or exhibited.[citation needed]
Years of apprenticeship Vereshchagin was born at Cherepovets, Novgorod Governorate, Russia in 1842 as the middle of
three brothers. His father was a landowner of noble birth. When he was eight years old he was sent to Tsarskoe Selo to enter
the Alexander Cadet Corps, and three years later he entered the Sea Cadet Corps at St Petersburg, making his first voyage in
1858. He served on the frigate Kamchatka, which sailed to Denmark, France and Egypt. Vereshchagin graduated first in the list
at the naval school, but left the service immediately to begin the study of drawing in earnest. He won a medal two years later, in
1863, from the St Petersburg Academy for his Ulysses Slaying the Suitors. In 1864 he proceeded to Paris, where he studied
under Jean-Lon Grme, though he dissented widely from his master's methods.
Travels in Central Asia In the Paris Salon of 1866 he exhibited a drawing of Dukhobors chanting their Psalms. In the next
year he was invited to accompany General Konstantin Kaufman's expedition to Turkestan. He was granted the rank of ensign.
His heroism at the siege of Samarkand from June 28, 1868 resulted an award of the Cross of St George (4th class). He was an
indefatigable traveler, returning to St. Petersburg in late 1868, to Paris in 1869, back to St. Petersburg later in the year, and
then back to Turkestan at the end 1869 via Siberia. In 1871, he established an atelier in Munich, and made a sole exhibition of
his works at the Crystal Palace in London in 1873. He made another exhibition of his works in St. Petersburg in 1874, where
two of his painting, namely The Apotheosis of War, dedicated "to all conquerors, past, present and to come," and Left Behind,
the picture of a dying soldier deserted by his fellows, were denied a showing on the grounds that they portrayed the Russian
military in a poor light. In late 1874, he departed for an extensive tour of the Himalayas, India and Tibet, spending over two
years in travel. He returned to Paris in late 1876.
Russo-Turkish War With the start of the Russo-Turkish War (18771878), Vereshchagin left Paris and returned to active
service with the Imperial Russian Army. He was with the Russian army during the[clarification needed]; he was present at the
crossing of the Shipka Pass and at the Siege of Plevna, where his brother was killed; and he was dangerously wounded during
the preparations for the crossing of the Danube near Rustchuk. At the conclusion of the war, he acted as secretary to General
Skobelev at San Stefano. After the war, he settled at Munich, where Vereshchagin produced his war pictures so rapidly that he
was freely accused of employing assistants. The sensational subjects of his pictures, and their didactic aim, the promotion of
peace by a representation of the horrors of war, attracted a large section of the public not usually interested in art to the series
of exhibitions of his pictures in Paris in 1881 and subsequently in London, Berlin, Dresden, Vienna and other cities.
Vereshchagin painted several scenes of imperial rule in British India. His epic portrayal of The State Procession of the Prince of
Wales into Jaipur in 1876 is claimed to be the third largest painting in the world.[1] In 18821883, he again traveled to India.
He aroused much controversy by his series of three pictures of a Roman execution (the Crucifixion); of sepoys blown from the
guns in India; and of the execution of Nihilists in St Petersburg. His picture Blowing from Guns in British India depicted
executions carried out by tying victims to the barrels of guns. Vereshchagin's detractors argued that such executions had only
occurred in the Indian Rebellion of 1857, but the painting depicted modern soldiers of the 1880s, implying that the practice
was normal. Because of its photographic style, the painting appeared to present itself as impartial record of a real event. In the
Magazine of Art in December 1887, Vereshchagin defended himself, rather evasively, by saying that that if there were another
rebellion then the British would use it again. A journey in Syria and Palestine in 1884 furnished him with an equally discussed
set of subjects from the New Testament. Vereshchagin's paintings caused controversy over portraying the figure of Christ with
what was thought at the time to be an unseemly realism. His depiction of Jesus's features was thought of as excessively vulgar
and over-emphatically Semitic in ethnicity. The "1812" series on Napoleon's Russian campaign, on which Vereshchagin also
wrote a book, seem to have been inspired by Tolstoi's War and Peace, and were painted in 1893 at Moscow, where the artist
eventually settled.
Last years Vereshchagin was in the Far East during the First Sino-Japanese War, with the American troops in the Philippines,
and with the Russian troops in Manchuria. During the Russo-Japanese War, he was invited by Admiral Stepan Makarov to join
him aboard Makarov's flagship, Petropavlovsk. On April 13, 1904, Petropavlovsk struck two mines while returning to Port
Arthur and sank, taking down with it most of the crew, including both Admiral Makarov and Vereshchagin. Vereshchagin's last
work, a picture of a council of war presided over by Admiral Makarov, was recovered almost undamaged.[2]
Legacy The town of Vereshchagino in Perm Krai is named after him, as well as a minor planet, 3410 Vereshchagin, discovered
by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova in 1978.[3]
See alsoPaintings by Vasily Vereshchagin
War artist

Notes
1. ^ The Sunday Tribune - Spectrum - Travel at www.tribuneindia.com
2. ^ "State Historical Museum Opens 'The Year 1812 in the Paintings by Vasily Vereshchagin'," Art Daily, March 11,
2010; "War Lasted 18 Months ... Russian Miscalculation," New York Times, August 30, 1905.
3. ^ . http://books.google.com/books?q=3406+Omsk+1969.
Footnotes
Pleshakov, Constantine. "The Tsar's Last Armada-The Epic Voyage to the Battle Of Tsushima." (2002).
Verestchagin, Vassili. (1887). Vassili Verestchagin, painter, soldier, traveler; autobiographical sketches (F. H. Peters,
translator). London, R. Bentley & Son. OCLC 1097646

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911).
Encyclopdia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Further reading
Leonard D. Abbott, "Verestchagin, Painter of War." The Comrade (New York), vol. 1, no. 7 (April 1902), pp. 155156.
Art Institute of Chicago, Works of Vassili Verestchagin: an Illustrated, descriptive catalogue and two appendixes to
the catalogue Realism and Progress in Art by Verestchagin.
External links
Vereshchagin page at Olga's Gallery Vereshchagin's lost paintings

.. (V. V. Vereshchagin), , , (Turkestan), . , 1874.

V. V. Vereshchagin, Scenes of the Late Turco-Russian War: And an Artist's Impression in Northern India, 1879.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Lidiia Vasil'evna Vereshchagina, Reiseskizzen aus Indien von Herrn und Frau
Wereschagin, B.G. Teubner, 1882.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Esquisses de voyage dans les Indes: par m. et mme. Vreschaguine. lre partie.L'Hymalaya oriental ... A la Librairie illustre, 1882.
, , , , 1883.
V. V. Vereshchagin, Ocherki, nabroski, vospominania, Tip. Ministerstva putesoobshchenia (A. Benke), 1883.
Richard Whiteing, Basil Vereschagin: Painter - Soldier - Traveller: Abstracts from the Writings of Vereshchagin,
Privately printed, 1881, transl. Frank Hesketh Peters, R. Bentley & Son, 1887, 2 vols.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Skizzen und Erinnerungen, uebersetz. von E. Kretschmann, Teubner, 1885.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Katalog der Gemlde und Zeichnungen von W. Wereschagin, im Selbstverlage des
Knstlers, 1886.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Reiseerindringer og krigsbilleder, H. Hagerups Forlag, 1887.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Souvenirs; enfance, voyages, guerre, A. Savine, 1888.

Vassili Verestchagin : Painter, Soldier, Traveler: Autobiographical Sketches, American Art Association, 1888.
First appendix to catalogue of the Vereshchagin exhibition on progress in art, The Art Institute, 1888.
Second appendix to catalogue of the Verestchagin exhibition: realism, The Art Institute, 1889.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, On Progress in Art, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1889.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Realism ..., transl. by Barbara MacGahan, The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine
Arts, 1889.
Eugne-Melchior vicomte de Vog, Theodore Child, Clarence Cook, Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, The Tsar and
His People: Or, Social Life in Russia, Harper & Brothers, 1891.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, The Future Emperor of India: A Painting by the Russian Artist, Vassili
Verestchagin : on View at Wm. Neely & Co.'s, New Haven, Conn, 1891.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, The War Correspondent: A Story of the Russo-Turkish War, Osgood, McIlvaine,
1894.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Der Kriegkorrespondent: Erzhlung aus dem russisch-tkischen Kriege, J.G.
Cotta, 1894.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Vom Kriegsschauplatze in Asien und Europa: Erinnerungen des Malers Wassili
Wereschtschagin, K. Siegismund, 1895.
, Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, 1812: Pozhar Moskvy. Kazaki. Velilaia armiia.
Marshaly. Napoleon I, Tipolit. I. N. Kushnerev i ko. . .. ., 1895.
, .. , .. ,
1895.
, ,
: , . . , 1896.
,
, -. . - .. , 1896.
Vassili Verestchagin, Selbstbiographien unbedeutender Leute: Skizzen aus dem russischen Volkleben und Portrts,
K. Siegismund, 1896.
, , - - . .
, 1898.
, , -. - .. , 1898.
Vassili Verestchagin, Napolon Ier en Russie, H. Floury, 1897.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, "1812" Napoleon I in Russia: With an introduction by R. Whiteing, C. Scribner,
1899; W. Heinemann, 1899.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Napoleon Pervy v Rossi k kartinakh V. V. Vereshchagina, 1899.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Reminiscences of Meissonier, The Balzac Library, Tucker Publishing Company,
1900.
Full Illustrated Catalogue of the Verestchagin Exhibition, 1900.
La guerre! Exposition: des nouveau tableaux et des reproductions des anciens tableaux de W. Verestchagin.
Guerre de 1812: Guerre de Turkestan - Guerre de Turquie. Galerie Georges Petit, Impr. Georges Petit, 1900.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Dukhobortsy i molokane v Zakavkazie. Shity v Karabakhie. Batchi i opumoiedy v
Sredne Azi. Ober-Amergau v gorakh Bavari, Xerox University Microfilms, 1900.
John Fell OBrien, Catalogue of paintings by Vassili Verestchagin: including the Campaign of Napoleon I. in
Russia and the Battle of San Juan Hill, on exhibition in the Astor Gallery of the Waldorf-Astoria, from
Friday, Nov. 14th, to Wednesday, Nov. 26th, Alexander Press, 1902.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Une vie d'officier russe, Librairie Universelle, 1905.
Lev Tolstoy, Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, War and peace, translated by Ayler Maude, Louise Shanks Maude,
illustrated by Fritz Eichenberg, Heritage Press, 1938.
, , . ..
.. , , , 1951.

 , , , . -
, 1954.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Artists Look at India, State Fine Arts Publishing House, 1955.
, , , 18421904, , . - , 1955.
Battle Painters of 5000 Years: 50 Pages of Text and 200 Plates from Paintings, Drawings and Photographs by
Outstanding Bataillists of Many Nations Depicting Warfare in All Its Forms from the Earliest Battles to the
Present War, 1960 [Joseph Hefter, Francisco Goya, Norman Price, Euphronius, Philoxenos, Jan Matejko,
Robert Haug, Chas Hoffbauer, Jean-Baptiste Edouard Detaille, Frederick Coffay Yohn, Frederic Remington,
Alphonse Marie de Neuville, Edward Thoeny, Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, G. Surikov].
, , ,
. . . . , 1874-1898, , 1963.
Ilona Kovanecz, Ilia Efimovich Repin, Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, Vasili Ivanovich Shurikov, Repin,
Szurikov, Verescsagin, Kpzmvszeti Alap Kiadvllalata, 1965.
, . . , ",", 1968.
, , , 1978.
, , ,
, 1981.
, , 1982.
, , ,
, " ", 1987.
Lev Mihailovich Demin, : .. , , 1991.
Vasili Vasilevich Vereshchagin, I : 1812, Viacheslav Anatolevich Koshelev, . .. ,
, . .. , , 1993.
, , . , ,
, 2000.
Vasilii Vereshchagin's Solomon's Wall: Wednesday 18 April 2007, Christie, Manson & Woods International Inc,

, 1902

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Vasiliy Vasilyevich Vereshagin (18421904): Napoleon in Russia

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1812 by Vereshchagin (Museum of Patriotic War 1812)

Vasiliy Vasilyevich Vereshagin (18421904): Napoleon near Borodino (1897)

The end of Borodino battle 1899-1900

 1891-92

French troops stabling their horses in Uspensky Cathedral, Moscow, during Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812 (18871895)

 - ! 1887-88

Vasili Vereshchagin. Marshal Davout in Chudov Monastery, Moscow

In_Petrovsky_palace_(Wainting_for_peace)_by_V.Vereschagin.jpg (400 542 , : 70 , MIME-:

image/jpeg); ZoomViewer: flash/no flash

Return_from_Petrovsky_palace_by_V.Vereschagin.jpg (600 376 , : 115 , MIME-: image/jpeg);

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 ("" " ") 1897-98

Through the fire by Vereschagin

 (" !") 1899-1900

- ? 1887-1895

 . 1887-1895

 . , 1887-1895

Napoleon in winter clothing by V.Vereshagin.jpg

The Night Bivouac of the Napoleon Army during retreat from Russia in 1812. Oil on canvas. Historical Museum,
Moscow, Russia.

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 ! 1887-1895

" ! ! !" ()

Let Them In! (1871).

Before the attack. At Plevna - .

The Apotheosis of War - (1871) The Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Russia

Suppression of the Indian Revolt by the English (1884).

Shipka-Sheinovo. Skobelev at Shipka (Battlefield at the Shipka Pass) -.

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 1869-70

 (). 1874-76

Security personel of Afghanistan 1867-68

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 ( - ) 1874

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 1875

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 1883-84

 1869-1870

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 () Tamerlan's doors 1872

 1903

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 1867-68

 1894

 - 1874-76

 1873

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 . Derwische im Festtagsschmuck 1869-70

 - A Garden gate in Chuguchak 1869-70

 1869-70

Two hawks (Bashi-bazouk) - () 1878

 1871

The Spy. Oil on canvas. 155.5 by 129cm, 61 1/4 by 50 3/4 in