REASONING ABILITY

Test of Reasoning-2
Qs. 1-8. Find the odd-man out: 1. (1) gulp (2) swallow (3) chew (4) gallop (5) glutton 2. (1) cabin (2) chalet (3) kayak (4) igloo (5) shanty 3. (1) triangle (2) cube (3) square (4) circle (5) rhombus 4. (1) compassion (2) pity (3) sympathy (4) severity (5) clemency 5. (1) finery (2) refinery (3) adornment (4) garland (5) garnish 6. (1) scissors (2) spade (3) pen (4) spectacles (5) spanner 7. (1) macaw (2) canary (3) bovine (4) finch (5) owl 8. (1) typhoon (2) hurricane (3) cyclone (4) tide (5) tempest Qs. 9-16. In each of the following questions, a pair of words is given having a definite relationship. Your task is to find out from the given options the pair with similar relationship between words. 9. mingle : mix (1) follow : fix (2) ration : limit (3) abandon : desert (4) chase : run 10. rapture : gloom (1) congratulate : occasion (2) measure : scale (3) diligent : successful (4) humiliation : exaltation 11. alcohol : intoxication (1) wound : pain (2) pride : prejudice (3) swimming : exercise (4) cake : sweet 12. Nagas : Bhils (1) fish : whale (2) lotus : lily (3) file : record (4) Mars : Sun 13. paper : wood (1) fruit : dry-fruit (2) milk : butter (3) mud : clay (4) clouds : rain 14. needle : stitch (1) spade : garden (2) tree : shade (3) food : digestion (4) umbrella : protect 15. gold : mine (1) clay : crockery (2) cake : oven (3) saliva : mouth (4) resin : tree 16. comet : tail (1) moon : light (2) volcano : crater (3) doctor : prescription (4) hotel : stay Qs. 17-21. In each of the following questions, a set of three objects is given. The set of three figures given against (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) represent the relationship among the objects, each figure representing one of the objects. Your task is to match the set of objects with the right set of figures. 17. editor : magazine : newspaper 1. 18. dictionary : letters : words 19. kids : books : toys 20. water : hydrogen : nitrogen 21. women : employed : unmarried
2. 3. 4. 5.

Qs. 22-26. In each of the following questions, a word is given. The code for the word is also given, one small letter representing one of the letters in the word. Study the code and find out the right code letter from (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6). 22. L U N A C Y (1) z (2) d (3) g (4) f (5) m (6) k 23. N A T I V E (1) m (2) y (3) k (4) j (5) q (6) x 24. C A S T O R (1) n (2) t (3) p (4) w (5) m (6) d 25. L O A T H E (1) p (2) g (3) b (4) y (5) m (6) q 26. R U I N E D (1) z (2) k (3) n (4) h (5) y (6) x 27. If the code for DENTAL is 123456 and for TRAIL 47586, then DETAIL would be coded as: (1) 123586 (2) 124576 (3) 124587 (4) 124586 (5) 124573 Qs. 28-29. Four children, Annu, Bunty, Chintu and Dick were called by their teacher and asked who had broken the window pane. The teacher knew that three children always lied and only one spoke the truth. AnnuBunty broke the window pane. BuntyDick had done it. ChintuI did not break it. DickBunty is lying. 28. Who had broken the window-pane? (1) Annu (2) Bunty (3) Chintu (4) Dick (5) Cant say 29. Who spoke the truth? (1) Annu (2) Bunty (3) Chintu (4) Dick (5) Cant say

152 s SEPTEMBER 2001 s THE COMPETITION MASTER

REASONING ABILITY
Qs. 30-33. Four young women, Anuradha, Bela, Chandrika and Damyanti along with their husbands Ramesh, Somesh, Tushar and Uday performed a garba dance. They danced in a circle facing each other. All the wives were to the left of their husbands. Damyanti was not married to Tushar and was not near Uday. Chandrika was to the right of Somesh. Tushar was facing Uday. Bela was not married to Tushar. Ramesh was not Damyantis husband. 30. Who is Anuradhas husband? (1) Ramesh (2) Somesh (3) Tushar (4) Uday (5) Cant say 31. Ramesh is between: (1) Anuradha and Chandrika (2) Bela and Chandrika (3) Bela and Damyanti (4) Anuradha and Bela (5) Chandrika and Damyanti 32. Whom is Damyanti facing? (1) Ramesh (2) Anuradha (3) Bela (4) Chandrika (5) Cant say 33. Which girl is married to Somesh? (1) Anuradha (2) Bela (3) Chandrika (4) Damyanti (5) Cant say Qs. 34-37. A survey of 300 families was conducted to find out which newspapers did they read. The diagram below is based on the data collected. (i) Circle represents 20% English newspaper (ii) Triangle represents 8% 22% Hindi newspaper 9% 7% 10% 24% (iii) Rectangle represents Gujarati newspaper 34. How many families buy only one newspaper? (1) 202 (2) 198 (3) 186 (4) 204 (5) None of these 35. How many families take two newspapers? (1) 102 (2) 87 (3) 81 (4) 99 (5) None of these 36. The number of families who buy Gujarati newspaper is how much more or less than the families who buy Hindi newspaper? (1) 4 less (2) 9 more (3) 18 more (4) 1 less (5) None of these 37. How many families buy all the three newspapers? (1) 28 (2) 36 (3) 27 (4) 21 (5) None of these Qs. 38-39. Arrange the following in meaningful order: 38. A. elected B. nomination C. voting D. oath-taking E. canvassing (1) EBACD (2) BAECD (3) BCAED (4) BECAD (5) EBADC 39. A. apply B. appointment C. advertisement D. interview E. selection (1) CADEB (2) CDAEB (3) DCAEB (4) DEBAC (5) CEBAD 40. Insert the missing signs in the equation given below: 4 ... 3 ... 2 ... 20 ... 2 = 0 (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) + (5) + SYLLOGISMS In each question given below, two statements are given followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. You have to take the two given statements to be true even if they appear at variance with commonly known facts. Read all the conclusions and then decide which of them logically follow from the statements given, disregarding commonly known facts. Statements: 41. 1. All flies are birds. 2. Some mosquitoes are flies. Conclusions: I. All birds are flies. II. Some birds are mosquitoes. III. Some mosquitoes are not birds. IV. Some flies are not mosquitoes. (1) Only I and II follow. (2) Only I and III follow. (3) Only II and III follow. (4) Either II or III follows. (5) Only IV follows. Statements: 42. 1. All cars are bicycles. 2. All boats are cars. Conclusions: I. All boats are bicycles. II. All bicycles are cars. III. All cars are boats. IV. The bicycles that are boats, are not cars. (1) Only I follows. (2) Only II follows. (3) Only III follows. (4) Only IV follows. (5) Only any one of the three follows. Statements: 43. 1. Some flowers are red. 2. Some red objects are poisonous. Conclusions: I. Some flowers are poisonous. II. All poisonous objects are red. III. No flower is poisonous. IV. No object other than red objects is poisonous. (1) Only I and II follow. (2) Only I and III follow. (3) Only II and III follow. (4) Either I or III follows. (5) Either III or IV follows. Statements: 44. 1. All oranges are either lemons or melons. 2. s Some mangoes are oranges. Conclusions: I. Some mangoes are lemons. II. Some mangoes are neither lemons nor melons. III. Some lemons are melons. IV. No orange is melon. (1) Only I follows. (2) Only II follows.

153 s SEPTEMBER 2001 s THE COMPETITION MASTER

REASONING ABILITY
(3) Only III follows. (4) Only IV follows. (5) None follows. Statements: 45. 1. Some houses are schools and the remaining are theatres. 2. Some theatres show cartoon films and the rest stage dramas. Conclusions: I. Some theatres neither stage dramas nor have cartoon shows. II. Some houses are not schools. III. Some houses are not theatres. IV. Some theatres stage drama along with cartoon films. (1) Only I and II follow. (2) Only II and III follow. (3) Either II or IV follows. (4) Only IV follows. (5) None follows. Statements: 46. 1. Some bureaucrats are aristocrats. 2. All democrats are aristocrats. Conclusions: I. Some bureaucrats are democrats. II. All aristocrats are democrats. III. Some aristocrats are not bureaucrats. IV. No bureaucrat is a democrat. (1) Only I and II follow. (2) Only II and III follow. (3) Only I, II and III follow. (4) Either II or IV follows. (5) Either I or IV follows. Statements: 47. 1. Some editors are poets. 2. All poets are leaders. Conclusions: I. Some editors are leaders. II. All leaders are poets. III. Some poets are not leaders. IV. All leaders are editors. (1) Only I follows. (2) Only II follows. (3) Only III follows. (4) Only IV follows. (5) Only III and IV follow. Statements: 48. 1. All solid objects have two sides. 2. All two-sided objects are round. Conclusions: I. All round objects are solid. II. Only solid objects have two sides. III. All solid objects are round. IV. Some solid objects are not round. (1) Only I follows. (2) Only II follows. (3) Only III follows. (4) Only IV follows. (5) All the four follow. Each of the questions given below has three statements followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and IV. Consider the statements as true and decide which of the conclusions logically follow from the statements. Statements: 49. 1. All heart patients are fat. 2. Some heart patients have arthritis. 3. Mr Shambhu Sharma has arthritis. Conclusions: I. Shambhu Sharma is fat. II. He is a heart patient. III. All fat persons have heart problem. IV. Some arthritis patients are fat. (1) Only I follows. (2) Only I and II follow. (3) Only III and IV follow. (4) Only IV follows. (5) Either I or II follows. Statements: 50. 1. All studios are auditoriums. 2. All colleges are studios. 3. Some schools are colleges. Conclusions: I. Some schools are auditoriums. II. Some schools are not studios. III. All colleges are auditoriums. IV. Some schools are studios. (1) Either II or IV follows. (2) Only I and II follow. (3) Only I, II and III follow. (4) Only II, III and IV follow. (5) All the four follow. Statement: 51. 1. Sanskrit is easier than Political Science but more difficult than Economics. 2. Mathematics is not as easy as Geography but is easier than English which is not as difficult as history. 3. Hindi is more difficult than Political Science but is easier than Geography. Conclusions: I. Sanskrit is easier than Geography. II. History is the most difficult one. III. Hindi is easier than English and Mathematics. IV. History is the most difficult subject. (1) Only I, II and III follow. (2) II, III and IV follow. (3) Only I, III and IV follow. (4) Either I, II or III, IV follow. (5) All the four follow. Statements: 52. 1. Drug addicts get compensation from authorities. 2. Accident victims get compensation from authorities. 3. Jaggoo got compensation from authorities. Conclusions: I. Jaggoo met with an accident. II. Jaggoo is a drug addict. III. All accident victims are drug addicts. IV. Compensation is not given to anyone else other than the two categories mentioned. (1) Either I or II follows. (2) None follows. (3) All the four follow. (4) Only IV follows. (5) Only I follows. In each question below, a statement is followed by three assumptions numbered I, II and III. An assumption is something supposed or taken for granted. You have to consider the statement

154 s SEPTEMBER 2001 s THE COMPETITION MASTER

REASONING ABILITY
and the assumptions and then decide which of them is/are implicit in the statement. Then decide which of the answers is the correct one. Statement: 53. Normal life was only partially hit during the bandh organized in the district by the opposition party. Assumptions: I. People in general did not support the cause of the bandh. II. The opposition party did not make much effort in making the bandh successful. III. A few people did support the bandh. (1) Only I and II are implicit. (2) Only II and III are implicit. (3) Only I and III are implicit. (4) Only III is implicit. (5) All the three are implicit. Statement: 54. Russian and Chinese Presidents signed the first friendship treaty between their two countries since 1950 at the end of summit talks in Kremlin. Assumptions: I. This summit was also held in Kremlin. II. Prior to this treaty there had been some differences between the two countries. III. There shall never be any rift between the two countries in future. (1) Only I is implicit. (2) Only II is implicit. (3) Only I and II are implicit. (4) Only I and III are implicit. (5) Only II and III are implicit. Statement: 55. The government of India has agreed to stand fully behind UTI to support implementation of this scheme for small investors. Assumptions: I. UTI found itself in a precarious position. II. The government does not want the small investors to lose faith in UTI. III. Government helps every investment programme when it is on the point of collapse. (1) Only I is implicit. (2) Only II is implicit. (3) Only I and III are implicit. (4) Only I and II are implicit. (5) All are implicit. Statement: 56. Verbal ability test has become an integral part of all the banking and management examinations. Assumptions: I. These jobs require mastery over language and good expression. II. Only persons who have verbal ability can understand how bank functions. III. There is no other qualification needed other than verbal ability for these jobs. (1) Only I is implicit. (2) Only II is implicit. (3) Only III is implicit. (4) Both I and II are implicit. (5) None is implicit. Statement: 57. Smoking is injurious to health. Assumptions: I. It spreads slow poison in body. II. Every smoker has health problems. III. Smokers do not have a long life. (1) Only I is implicit. (2) Only II is implicit. (3) Only III is implicit. (4) None is implicit. (5) Only I and III are implicit. In each of the following questions an interrogative statement is given followed by two arguments AI and AII. Mark your answer: (1) if only AI and not AII is forceful. (2) if only AII and not AI is forceful. (3) if both AI and AII are forceful. (4) if either AI or AII is forceful. (5) if neither AI nor AII is forceful. 58. Should illiterate be debarred from voting? AI. Yes, because they cannot do justice to their franchise and go by mob mentality. AII. No, in a democratic set up, it would be a violation of their basic rights. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 59. Will poverty be ever eradicated from our country? AI. Yes, all our leaders seem so keen to do so. AII. No, it is destined. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 60. Can the problem of terrorism be solved by adopting non-violence policy? AI. Yes, the terrorists are human beings and nonviolence policy can convert their heart. AII. No, a tit for tat policy is needed to teach them a lesson. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 61. Should there be certain restrictions on media? AI. Yes, the information that makes the nation feel insecure or causes distortion of mind must be withheld. AII. No, there should be transparency so that the viewers know the exact state of affairs. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 62. Should political parties having a religious base be banned in India? I. Yes, we are a secular State and such parties give rise to separatism and clashes in the name of religion. II. No, all such parties have great faith in God hence they are God-fearing and faithful to their cause. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) In each of the questions given below, Assertion A is followed by reasons RI and RII. Apply the reasons to assertion and mark your answers as follows: (1) Only RI and not RII is the reason for A. (2) Only RII and not RI is the reason for A. (3) Both RI and RII are the reasons for A.

155 s SEPTEMBER 2001 s THE COMPETITION MASTER

REASONING ABILITY
(4) Either RI or RII is the reason for A. (5) Neither RI nor RII is the reason for A. 63. A. In spite of famine relief operations in Gujarat and Rajasthan the people remained half-starved. RI. The money sanctioned for this operation was not enough. RII. Most of the money went into the pockets of corrupt officers. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 64. A. Most of the Indians were disappointed when the SUMMIT 2001 ended on a desperate note. RI. The Indians believed that the SUMMIT would solve Kashmir problem. RII. They thought they had wasted their precious time by being pasted to the TV for two days. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 65. A. Most of the companies offer attractive schemes or gifts with their product. RI. The tendency of the consumers is to get something free along with the thing they buy. RII. There is great competition among different companies hence each tries to attract the customers through these free gifts and schemes. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 30. (3) 31. (4) 32. (3) 33. (4)
B R A T U C S D

34. (2) 20% + 24% + 22% = 66%; 35. (3) 8% + 9% + 10% = 27%;
7 300 = 21 100

66 300 100

27 300 100

36. (2) Gujarati 150 and Hindi 141 = 9 37. (4)

38. (4) 39. (1) 40. (3) The next type of questions are best solved by drawing diagrams of all the probable situations and then reaching a fool-proof conclusion. Here are a few examples. Let each element be represented by a circle irrespective of its size.
41. (3) F B M M F F B

ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS

42. (1)

B C Bi Bi B C

C Bi B Bi C
B

1. (5) All the others are ways of eating. 2. (3) All the others are abodes, this one is a boat. 3. (2) It is the only three-dimensional form among twodimensional figures. 4. (4) All the others are positive human qualities. 5. (2) All the others are related with decoration. 6. (4) All the others are equipments for doing a job. 7. (3) All the others are birds. 8. (4) All the others mean violent storm. 9. (3) Both convey the same sense. 10. (4) The words are opposites. 11. (1) They have the cause and effect relationship. 12. (2) Both are different members of the same general category. 13. (2) One is made from the other. 14. (4) They have the object-function relationship. 15. (4) They have the source-product relationship. 16. (2) They have whole-part relationship. 17. (3) Editor is common to both. 18. (5) Dictionary has words and words have letters. 19. (2) All the three are independent entities. 20. (1) Water has hydrogen, nitrogen exists independently. 21. (4) Some women are unmarried and some of both are employed. For solving the next type of questions, match common letters in the words with common code letters. 22. (2) 23. (5) 24. (1) 25. (5) 26. (2) 27. (4) 28. (3) 29. (4)

R P F R P F P F P R

43. (4)

P R

L 44. (2) M M

O O

L M

O O

O O

OL OM

H
45. (2)

T T

T C T D

H S

T C

T D

A 46. (5) B D B D A B D A

47. 48. 49. 50. 51.

(1) Follow the pattern of question number 41. (3) Follow the pattern of question number 42. (4) (5) (5) Hist, Eng, Maths, Geog; Hindi; Pol. Sc.; Sans.; Economics. 52. (1) 53. (3) 54. (2) 55. (4) 56. (1) 57. (1) 58. (2) 59. (5) 60. (5) 61. (3) 62. (1) 63. (4) 64. (1) 65. (3)

156 s SEPTEMBER 2001 s THE COMPETITION MASTER