J G Davies

Cell Selection (C1) and Cell Re-Selection (C2) ver 1.10

Dr J G Davies

05 July 01

J G Davies

Changes
03 May 97 05 July 01 Version 1.01 First Creation of this document Version 1.10 Revision - draft for KGT

J G Davies

C1 Parameter
This parameter is the path loss criterion C1 = RX_LEV RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN Max(MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH-MS_PWR_MAX,0) RX_LEV RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN the received signal level at the MS minimum received signal level required for system access the maximum power of the mobile, typically the maximum is 0 the Maximum power level a mobile may use when accessing the system, typically this value is 0

MS_PWR_MAX

MS_TXPWR_MAX_CCH

Typically Max(.) =0 and simply the equation becomes: C1 = RX_LEV - RXLEV_ACCESS_MIN this means C1 is the number of dB that the MS is greater than the minimum access requirement.

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C1 Examples
For a system where the minimum access level is -104 then
Receieved signal .. .. -98 dBm -99 dBm -100 dBm -101 dBm -102 dBm -103 dBm -104 dBm -105 dBm C1 .. .. 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0

C1 has a minimum value of 0, but you will sometimes see a minimum of1 - this is due to the mobile functionality since a value of 0 actually would mean NO signal and no detection should have occurred.

J G Davies

C2 Parameter
C2 is the reselection criterion and is used to determine which cell the mobile will monitor

CELL_RESLECT_PARAM_IND

Indicates whether C2 parameters are broadcast Y/N

Nokia MML name = PI

Settings: CELL_RESLECT_PARAM_IND = N then C2=C1 and no other parameters will matter CELL_RESLECT_PARAM_IND = Y then C2 is calculated using additional parameters that are sent via the broadcast control channel for each cell as detailed as follows.

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Additional C2 Parameters
CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET A level offset 0.126 dB (2 db step)
Nokia MML name = REO

TEMPORARY_OFFSET

A temporary level offset 0.70 dB (1 db step)

Nokia MML name = TEO

PENALTY_TIME

A penalty timer 20.640 seconds (20 s step)

Value in the dump = (Penalty_Time / 20 ) - 1 Nokia MML name = PET

CELL BAR QUALIFY

Determines the access rule for the cell bar If set then the cell would only be selected if no other valid cells exist Y/N
Nokia MML name = QUA

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C2 Process
On decoding a cell which is in the strongest neighbour list then: A counter T is started to run and C2 evaluated depending on that value, the offset and penalty time values are potentially different for each neighbour (extracted from the neighbours BCCH) If CELL RESELECT PARAM IND = FALSE then C2 = C1 If CELL RESELECT PARAM IND = TRUE then If the counter T < PENALTY TIME C2 = C1 + CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET - TEMPORARY OFFSET If the counter T >= PENALTY TIME C2 = C1 + CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET If the neighbour is the last serving cell T = PENALTY TIME and C2 = C1 + CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET For the serving cell: If CELL RESELECT PARAM IND is TRUE then C2 = C1 + CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET else C2=C1 Thus we may consider that before T=PENALTY_TIME that the value of C2 for the the adjacent cells will be low and will become a higher value after remaining in the adjacent list for a long time.

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Real Case Examples

Imagine there are two types of site in a network Indoor cells CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET 5 dB TEMPORARY_OFFSET 5 dB PENALTY_TIME 120 s CELL BAR QUALIFY N Macro cells CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET 5 dB TEMPORARY_OFFSET 0 dB PENALTY_TIME 0s CELL BAR QUALIFY N Imagine a mobile going from Outdoor => Indoor Initially, outdoorC2 = C1 + 5 dB and indoorC2 = C1 + 5 - 5 dB (= C1) There would be some restriction for mobiles who just run in and out within 120s Imagine a mobile going from Indoor => Outdoor Initially, indoorC2 = C1 + 5 dB and outdoorC2 = C1 + 5 dB Normal situation and direct comparison of signals

J G Davies

Real Case Examples

Imagine there are two types of site in a network Indoor cell - upper floors CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET 15 dB TEMPORARY_OFFSET 0 dB PENALTY_TIME 20 s CELL BAR QUALIFY N Macro cells CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET 0 dB TEMPORARY_OFFSET 0 dB PENALTY_TIME 0s CELL BAR QUALIFY N Basically the indoor cell will always look 15 dB better than the other macro cells.

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Real Case Examples

SCELL - is the macro best server with CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET 3 dB TEMPORARY_OFFSET 0 dB PENALTY_TIME 0s CELL BAR QUALIFY N NCELL - is a neighbour micro-cell with CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET TEMPORARY_OFFSET PENALTY_TIME CELL BAR QUALIFY 0 dB 10 dB 80 s N

Re-selection should occur Counting from an arbitrary start time (before NCELL is decoded): the best serving cell signal strength (C1) is around -68 dBm the best serving cell C2 value is (-68 + 3) = -65 dBm After perhaps 40 seconds, the adjacent cell appears in the top six list in the mobile: the neighbour cell signal strength (C1) is around -61 dBm the neighbour cell C2 value is (-61 - 10) = -71 dBm therefore, no re-selection is made After perhaps a further 80 seconds (NCELL penalty timer expires): the neighbour cell signal strength (C1) is still around -61 dBm the neighbour cell C2 value is (-63) = -61 dBm provided that no other hysteresis exists (like LAC/RAI border or GPRS setting) then a cell re-selection should occur within 5 seconds.

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Example C2 WO
Cell Parameter Work Order: CPWO-N1-01-0215

WO Information Enable C2 for 52024

Ple ase email the changes w hen the Work Order is completed Ple ase change BCCH and BSIC for the incoming adjacent cell and adjacent cell lists # 1 2 3 4 BSID CLUSTER CELLID 52024A N107 1224 52024A N107 1224 52024A N107 1224 52024A N107 1224 OMC# NOK1 NOK1 NOK1 NOK1 BSS# BTS# ADD/REM/CHG OBJECT PARAMETER VALUE COMMENT 44444 102 CHG BTS CELL_RESLECT_PARAM_IND (PI) Y Testing of C2 re-selection criteria 44444 102 CHG BTS CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET (REO) 6 Testing of C2 re-selection criteria 44444 102 CHG BTS TEMPORARY_OFFSET (TEO) 10 dB Testing of C2 re-selection criteria 44444 102 CHG BTS PENALTY_TIME (PET) 40 s Testing of C2 re-selection criteria

WO Item #1 will activate the C2 parameter sending on BCCH WO Item #2/3/4 change the offsets and penalty time

EX A M PL E

Engineer Approval Date

Gary Davies JGD 04-Jul-01

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C2 Notes
The timer T is started for each cell individually, the basic idea is that the mobile will stick to the serving cell and will only change on two conditions: 1 2 The mobile spend a lot of time under the adjacent cell so that the penalty time expires The adjacent cells C2 value is greater than the camped-on cells C2 value (CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS is calculated on top of the C2 values)

Be very careful setting the value of CELL_RESELECT_OFFSET - remember that adjacent channels have only only -9 dB safety margin (A CELL_RESELECT_HYSTERESIS can also make the problem worse)