Engr 22 Lec 20 Sp07 GDT 2 Bonus Tol

Engineering 22
GD&T Bonus Tolerance

Bruce Mayer, PE
Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu
Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics
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Bruce Mayer, PE
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu ENGR-22_Lec-19_GDT_Bonus-Tol-1.ppt
Skill-Development Goal
Learn How to Use the GD&T MMC to Avoid Inspection-Rejection of Entirely Functional Parts Use AutoCAD to Construct GD&T Feature Control Frames

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Bruce Mayer, PE
Recall Matl Condition Modifiers

Maximum Material Condition (MMC) M
the condition in which a feature of size contains the maximum amount of material everywhere within the stated limits of size.
Least Material Condition (LMC) L

the condition in which a feature of size contains the least amount of material everywhere within the stated limits of size
Regardless of Feature Size (RFS) S

indicates a geometric tolerance applies at whatever size the part is produced
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Bruce Mayer, PE
Material Condition Usage

MMC
usually when geometric tolerances are applied at MMC the function is assembly
LMC
function is usually to insure that a minimum distance on a part is maintained
RFS Default Condition

often specified to insure symmetrical relationships No Bonus Tolerance allowed
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Bruce Mayer, PE
GD&T Tolerances
From ASME Y14.5M-1994

Some ACAD Features based on Y14.5-1982
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Bruce Mayer, PE
MMC Bonus Tolerance

Maximum material condition for a HOLE feature is the SMALLEST sized hole. Maximum material condition for a SHAFT feature is the LARGEST shaft. The maximum material condition modifier in a feature control frame means that the tolerance applies at max. material condition.
If the actual hole is LARGER than the smallest allowable hole, a BONUS tolerance can be added to the stated tolerance value.
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Bruce Mayer, PE
MMC Bonus Tolerance Example

Condsider the GD&T Specd Part At Right In particular note the SIZE, and POSITION TOLERANCE on the Hole
= 0.50 0.003 -POSITION Tolerance = 0.010
Relative to BASIC Dims 2.00 & .75
MMC Modifier
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Position Symbol
Bruce Mayer, PE
MMC Bonus Tolerance cont

Then the Tolerance Zone at MMC Shown at Right The actual center of the hole (axis) must lie in the round tolerance zone. The same tolerance is applied, regardless of the lateral direction.
i.e., The Tolerance Zone is Circular, NOT Rectangular
Same tolerance at 0, 45, 90 Measurement angles

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Bruce Mayer, PE
MMC Bonus Tolerance cont.2

Recall The GD&T Spec
This means that the tolerance is .010 if the hole size is the MMC size, or .497. If the hole is bigger, we get a bonus tolerance equal to the difference between the MMC size and the actual size.
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Bruce Mayer, PE
Gage Fixture Design

As the Part Design Engineer We find that Parts that FIT & WORK in the Assembly are Being REJECTED by RI (Receiving Inspection)
Discover that RI does Not Understand Bonus Tolerances
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To Avoid Scraping Good Parts, Work with a High precision Machine shop to make a Gage Fixture
Gage Pin Precisely Located at (2, 0.75) Gage Pin Precisely Machined to 0.4965
A bit Less than Lo-Lim on Hole-Size; i.e., at the MMC
Bruce Mayer, PE
Gage Fixture Design

Made from Hardened Tool Steel
Axis Walls Shifted by the Pythagorean XY distance equal to half the Tolerance Zone
x y 0.01 2
2 0.0035355
Bruce Mayer, PE

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Min-Hole Part Checked by Gage

Put Small-Hole Part in Gage Block
Zoom In
Expand Origin Area
The Perfect Part Just Fits over the Pin, and Clears the Walls by the Positional Tol.
Bruce Mayer, PE

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Max-Hole Part Checked by Gage

Put Large-Hole Part in Gage Block; move it to Up & Rt Till it hits the Gage Pin Note How the Axis Wall Clearance has Expanded by 0.003
Thus the Hole-Ctr for this LMC Part can be Misplaced by 0.008
Bruce Mayer, PE
Zoom In
Expand Origin Area

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MMC Bonus Tolerance

This means that the tolerance is .010 IF the hole size is at the MMC, or 0.497. If the hole is BIGGER, we get a BONUS tolerance equal to the difference between the MMC Actual Hole Size size and the .497 (MMC) actual size. .499
Read Carefully 10-17 thru 10-23 in Text Book
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NOT to scale
Bonus Tolerance 0 .002 .003 .005 .006 ?

(.010 + .002 = .012) (.010 + .003 = .013)
of Tol. Zone .010 .012 .013 .015 .016
(.499 - .497 = .002)
.500 (.500 - .497 = .003) .502 .503 (LMC) .504
REJECTED Out of Spec ?

Bruce Mayer, PE
GD&T Caveat Use with Care

GDT is VERY Powerful, BUTIt can be Quite CONFUSING and ESOTERIC Many Degreed Engineers, as well as Most Drafters/Designers (and Some Machinists) have only a Vague Notion About Meaning of GDT Symbols
MisApplication and Confusion-Induced Delays are COMMON
e.g. Try asking what MMC or RFS means
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Bruce Mayer, PE
Go, NoGo, and Go-NoGo Gages

The Gage we Designed is Necessary but NOT sufficient However if part DOES Fit, it COULD Still be BAD
e.g., If The hole is LARGER than 0.503 it could easily fit the gage
i.e., if part does NOT fit the Gage, Then REJECT it

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Thus our Gage is a NoGo Instrument
Bruce Mayer, PE
Complete Go-NoGo Gaging

To Complete the Gage Set, We need to design a Precision Gage-PIN to Test for OverSize Holes This is Also a NoGo Gage
If the Pin FITS in the Hole, Then it is REJECTED
Thus we have a GO When the Part

Fits in the Gage Block (Position & Small Hole) Does NOT Fit the Pin (Large Hole)

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Bruce Mayer, PE

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Bruce Mayer, PE
GD&T In AutoCAD
Now that We Understand how to USE GD&T lets APPLY it with ACAD
Width now 4.00 0.01 Height now 1.50 +0.00/-0.02
Let Dim & Tol Our Spacer Plate with Changes

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Bruce Mayer, PE
All Done for Today The AME and Bonus Tol.
If a hole, for instance, has the following size and geometric control, and the hole measures .502. It would be incorrect to use a bonus tolerance of .003 (.502 - .499(MMC)) if the hole is not perfectly oriented to the Datums. If the hole is out of perpendicular to datum A by .002, for instance, the bonus that may be used is reduced by that amount. The bonus would be merely .001 and the allowable position tolerance = .016.
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Bruce Mayer, PE
Engr/Math/Physics 25
Appendix
f x 2 x 7 x 9x 6
3 2
Bruce Mayer, PE
Licensed Electrical & Mechanical Engineer
BMayer@ChabotCollege.edu

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Bruce Mayer, PE
GDT Demo - 1
1. Open File
GDT_Demo_Lec19.dwg_Start.dwg Offset by 0.5
2. Set LtScale to 0.5 3. Set Snap to 0.0625 4. Xline at Top Edge

Offset TWICE by 0.5
6. Make Test-Dim to check Text-Height Relative to Part

Text & Arrows at Bit Big
7. Make DimStyle half_3dec

Scale = 0.5 Precision = 3decimals
Bruce Mayer, PE
5. xLine at Lt Edge
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GDT Demo - 2
8. Change to DimLayer and Dim Thickness at 0.5 offset xline 9. Use Line to Extend the 0.625 DimExt_ln up to 1.0 offset
Dimension Tolerance Menus
11. Use Dialog Box to Spec Flatness & Back Surface as the Datum
10. Open Geo Tol Dialog Box

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Bruce Mayer, PE
GDT Demo - 3
12. Make DimStyle half_2dec_1side 13. Dim the 1.50 +0.00/-0.02 Hgt 14. Make DimStyle half_3dec_Basic 15. Apply Basic (boxed) Dims

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2.000 0.750
Bruce Mayer, PE
GDT Demo - 4
16. Make DimStyle half_2dec_2sided 17. Dim 4.00 0.01 18. Make DimStyle half_3dec_2sided_ ManualDim Hole Dia.
0.75 Above Top Edge by Offset
19. Make Feature Control Frame (FCF) using PullDowns: Dimension Tolerance 20. Manually position the FCF Below the Symbol

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Bruce Mayer, PE
GD&T Result w/ xLines

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Bruce Mayer, PE
GD&T Demo Final Result

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Bruce Mayer, PE

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Bruce Mayer, PE

Engr 22 Lec 20 Sp07 GDT 2 Bonus Tol

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Engineering 22

GD&T Bonus Tolerance

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

Recall Matl Condition Modifiers

Least Material Condition (LMC) L

Regardless of Feature Size (RFS) S

Material Condition Usage

RFS Default Condition

From ASME Y14.5M-1994

MMC Bonus Tolerance

MMC Bonus Tolerance Example

MMC Bonus Tolerance cont

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

MMC Bonus Tolerance cont.2

Gage Fixture Design

Gage Fixture Design

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

Min-Hole Part Checked by Gage

Expand Origin Area

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

Max-Hole Part Checked by Gage

Expand Origin Area

MMC Bonus Tolerance

Bonus Tolerance 0 .002 .003 .005 .006 ?

of Tol. Zone .010 .012 .013 .015 .016

(.499 - .497 = .002)

.500 (.500 - .497 = .003) .502 .503 (LMC) .504

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

REJECTED Out of Spec ?

GD&T Caveat Use with Care

Go, NoGo, and Go-NoGo Gages

i.e., if part does NOT fit the Gage, Then REJECT it

Thus our Gage is a NoGo Instrument

Complete Go-NoGo Gaging

Thus we have a GO When the Part

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

Let Dim & Tol Our Spacer Plate with Changes

All Done for Today The AME and Bonus Tol.

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

2. Set LtScale to 0.5 3. Set Snap to 0.0625 4. Xline at Top Edge

6. Make Test-Dim to check Text-Height Relative to Part

7. Make DimStyle half_3dec

10. Open Geo Tol Dialog Box

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

GD&T Result w/ xLines

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

GD&T Demo Final Result

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

Engineering 22 Engineering Design Graphics

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