IST ANSWER SHEET FOR IST MIDTEST NAME OF SUBJECT: ELECTRICAL MACHINES-II SEMESTER; 5TH SUBJECT CODE: : EE311-F

ANSWER---1 (i) a (ii) c (iii) d (iv) b (v) b (vi) d (vii) a (viii) c (ix) b (x) a

ANSWER---2(a) synchronous speed of a 3 phase induction motor is the that speed at which the magnetic field rotates in air gap and it is given by the formula NS = 120 f/p 2(b) Ther are two types of 3 phase induction motor (i) Squirrel cage induction motor (ii) Slip ring or wound rotor motor 2(c) The difference between the speed of the stator field and actual speed of the rotor is expressed as a fraction of synchronous speed is known as slip of induction motor. 2(d) The direction of rotation of the 3 phase induction motor can be reversed by interchanging the connection to the supply of any two phases of the motor 2(e) The rotor iron losses are neglected in an induction motor because the freqyency of rotor current at normal speed is very small ANSWER---3 When three phase supply is given to the three phase stator winding of the induction motor,a rotating magnetic field is developed around the stator which rotates at synchronous speed.This rotating magnetic field passes through the air gap and cuts the rotor conductors which were stationary.Due to the relative speed between the stationary rotor conductors and the rotating magnetic field,an emf is induced in the rotor conductors.As the rotor conductors are short circuited, current starts flowing through it.And as these current carrying rotor conductors are placed in the magnetic field produced by the stator, they experiences a mechanical force i.e. torque which moves the rotor in the same direction as that of the rotating magnetic field. ANSWER---4 starter is used to start a 3 phase induction motor to limit the starting current because at the time of start the slip is unity and motor takes a large current which is harmful if not limited by the starter.

PURPOSE OF STAR DELTA STARTER

This is the reduced voltage starting method. Voltage reduction during star-delta starting is achieved by physically reconfiguring the motor windings as illustrated in the figure below. During starting the motor windings are connected in star configuration and this reduces the voltage across each winding 3. This also reduces the torque by a factor of three. After a period of time the winding are reconfigured as delta and the motor runs normally.

PARTS OF STAR DELTA STARTER 1) Contactors (Main, star and delta contactors) 3 Nos (For Open State Starter) or 4 Nos (Close Transient Starter). 2) 3) 4) 5) Time relay (pull-in delayed) 1 No. Three-pole thermal over current release 1No. Fuse elements or automatic cut-outs for the main circuit 3 Nos. Fuse element or automatic cut-out for the control circuit 1No. WORKING OF STAR DELTA STARTER

The main circuit breaker serves as the main power supply switch that supplies electricity to the power circuit. The main contactor connects the reference source voltage R, Y, B to the primary terminal of the motor U1, V1, W1. In operation, the Main Contactor (KM3) and the Star Contactor (KM1) are closed initially, and then after a period of time, the star contactor is opened, and then the delta contactor (KM2) is closed. The control of the contactors is by the timer (K1T) built into the starter. The Star and Delta are electrically interlocked and preferably mechanically interlocked as well. In effect, there are four states:

The star contactor serves to initially short the secondary terminal of the motor U2, V2, W2 for the start sequence during the initial run of the motor from standstill. This provides one third of DOL current to the motor, thus reducing the high inrush current inherent with large capacity motors at startup. Controlling the interchanging star connection and delta connection of an AC induction motor is achieved by means of a star delta or wye delta control circuit. The control circuit consists of push button switches, auxiliary contacts and a timer.