Group 17 The Halogens

F Cl Br I At

Properties of the Halogens

Colour State

F Cl

INCREASING MOLECULAR SIZE

Yellow

Gas

DECREASING REACTIVITY

INCREASING DENSITY

Green Orange Grey/black

Gas Liquid Solid

Br
I At

Black

Solid

Uses of the Halogens

Fluorine
Toothpaste
Water treatment Extraction of Aluminium Non stick coatings Enrichment of Uranium

Chlorine
Water disinfection
Hydrochloric acid Plastics Bleaches

Bromine
Photographic film Tear gas Flame retardants Pharmaceuticals

Iodine
Disinfectant Halogen lamps

X ray diagnosis
Salt additive Thyroid treatment Cancer treatment

Reactions of the Halogens (1)

All of the halogens will react with Alkali metals to produce ionic compounds ALKALI METAL + HALOGEN METAL HALIDE

Sodium 2Na

+ Chlorine + Cl2

Sodium Chloride 2NaCl

Complete these equations Lithium + Bromine Potassium + Iodine Lithium Bromide Potassium Iodide

Follow the pattern to write the balanced chemical equations

Reactions of the Halogens (2)

All of the halogens will react with Hydrogen to produce gasas HYDROGEN + HALOGEN HYDROGEN HALIDE

Hydrogen H2

+ Chlorine + Cl2

Hydrogen Chloride 2HCl

Complete these equations Hydrogen + Bromine Hydrogen + Iodine Hydrogen Bromide Hydrogen Iodide

Follow the pattern to write the balanced chemical equations

Reactions of the Halogens (3)

All of the halogens will react with water to produce 2 acids WATER + HALOGEN ACID 1 + ACID 2

Water + Chlorine

Hydrochloric + Hydrochlorus Acid Acid HCl + HOCl

H2O

Cl2

This also happens with Bromine and Iodine and the acids formed are much stronger!

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