Linear Inequalities: Mathematics Form 3

LINEAR
INEQUALITIES
CHAPTER 12
MATHEMATICS
FORM 3
WHAT YOU HAVE TO KNOW?
• Concept of • Solve inequalities in
Inequalities one variable
• Concept of linear • Concept of
inequalities in one simultaneous linear
unknown inequalities in one
• Operations involving variable
subtraction, addition,
multiplication and
division.
CONCEPT OF INEQUALITIES
< LESS THAN
> GREATER THAN
 LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO
 GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO

Greater than ; Less than
49 equivalent inequality 94
25  -2 equivalent inequality -2  25
NOW, TRY QUESTION

Skill Practice 12.1b in your textbook,
Page 246
Greater than or equal to ;
Less than or equal to
***
LET’S TRY QUESTION
Longman SUPERSCORE, page 116
Question 2
Inequalities / one variable
unknown inequalities in one
multiplication and
division.
CONCEPT OF LINEAR
INEQUALITIES IN ONE UNKNOWN
 , , ,  One unknown Linear term
Skill Practice 12.2a, Textbook, page 249
(a) x  4.3 Yes (e) p3  27 No
(b) 9  y Yes
(d) pq  4 No
Solution for a linear inequality
in one unknown
SOLUTION All possible

values for an
inequality
Skill Practice 12.2b, Textbook, page 250
Skill Practice 12.2b, Textbook, page 250
SOLUTION:
1(a) x  9 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, …
1(c) x  -2 -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, …
2(b) y  0 0, -1, -2, -3, -4
2(d) -11  q -11, - 12, -13, -14, -15
3(a) x  5 1, 2, 3, 4
Represent linear inequality on a
number line
x4
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
x4
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
x4
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
x4
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Skill Practice 12.2c, Textbook, page 251
1(c) x  - 5
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
1(e) -1  m
m  -1
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1(d) p  - 7
-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3
2(d) m  9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
3(a) x  1
3(b) x  - 6
3(c) x  12
Forming linear inequality
in one unknown Skill Practice
12.2d, Textbook,
page 253,
s question 1(a)
DEFINE UNKNOWN
DETERMINE QUANTITY 3
DETERMINE SYMBOL 
WRITE THE INEQUALITY s  3

Forming linear inequality
in one unknown Skill Practice
12.2d, Textbook,
page 253,
y question 1(b)
DEFINE UNKNOWN
DETERMINE QUANTITY 5200
DETERMINE SYMBOL 
WRITE THE INEQUALITY y  5200

unknown / inequalities in one
multiplication and
division.
OPERATIONS INVOLVING LINEAR
EQUATIONS
Addition Subtraction -
+ Multiplication Division
× 
+
Addition
Skill Practice 12.3a-textbook, page 256
1(a) 5  3 , (Add 6)
5+63+6
11  9 The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
+
Addition
1(b) 4  -1 , (Add 1)
4 + 1  -1 + 1
5 0 The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
+
Addition
1(c) - 9  - 7 , (Add 2)
-9+2-7+2
-7 -5 The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
+
Addition
2(a) x < 2 , (Add 3)
x+3<2+3
x+3<5
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
+
Addition
2(b) p < 4 , (Add 10)
p + 10 < 4 + 10
p + 10 < 14
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
+
Addition
2(b) p < 4 , (Add 10)
p + 10 < 4 + 10
p + 10 < 14
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
+
Addition
2(c) q  - 6 , (Add 6)
q+6-6+6
q+60
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Subtraction
Skill Practice 12.3a- textbook, page 256
1(d) 6  3 , (Subtract 5)
6-53-5
1  -2
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Subtraction
1(e) - 4  - 10, (Subtract 3)
- 4 - 3  - 10 - 3
- 7  - 13
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Subtraction
1(f) - 6  11, (Subtract 8)
- 6 - 8  11 - 8
- 14  3
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Subtraction
2(d) x  7, (Subtract 13)
x - 13  7 - 13
x - 13  - 6
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Subtraction
2(e) x  - 3, (Subtract 4)
x-4-3-4
x-4 -7
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Subtraction
2(f) p  18, (Subtract 9)
p - 9  18 - 9
p-9 9
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
×
Multiplication
3(a) 3  7, multiply by 2
3×27×2
6  14
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
×
Multiplication
3(b) 0  - 6, multiply by 4
0×4-6×4
0  - 24
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
×
Multiplication
3(c) - 2  - 4, multiply by - 5
- 2 (- 5)  - 4 (- 5)
10  20
The symbol of
inequality is
changed
×
Multiplication
4(a) x  0, multiply by 7
x(7)0(7)
7x  0
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged
×
Multiplication
4(c) q  3, multiply by - 4
q (- 4)  3 (- 4)
- 4q  - 12
The symbol of
inequality is
changed

Division
3(d) 24  20, divide by 4
24  20
4 4
6  5
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Division
3(e) - 48  - 60, divide by 12
- 48  - 60
12 12
-4  -5
The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Division
3(f) - 18  0, divide by - 9
- 18  0
-9 -9
2  0
The symbol of
inequality is
changed

Division
4(b) p  - 3 , divide by 20
10
p - 3
20 10
20
p  - 3_
20 200 The symbol of
inequality is
unchanged

Division
4(d) y  - 24, divide by - 8
y  -24
-8 -8
- y  3
8 The symbol of
inequality is
changed
multiplication and
division. /
SOLVE INEQUALITIES IN
ONE VARIABLE
Skill Practice 12.4a in your textbook, Page 259
1(a) x + 8  12
x  12 - 8
x4

subject
ONE VARIABLE
1(b) x - 5  3
x3+5
x8

subject
ONE VARIABLE
1(c) p + 9  - 2
p-2-9
p  - 11

subject
ONE VARIABLE
1(d) q - 7  - 5
q-5+7
q2

subject
ONE VARIABLE
1(e) m - 5  3
7
m3+5
7
m  3 + 35
7 7
m  38
7
ONE VARIABLE
1(f) y + 1  15
4 16
y  15 - 1
16 4
y  15 - 4_
16 16
y  11
16
ONE VARIABLE
1(g) x – 1½  1
4
x–3  1
2 4
x  1 + 3
4 2
x  1 + 6
4 4 x  7
4
ONE VARIABLE
1(h) k + 6  0
k0-6
k-6
ONE VARIABLE
Skill Practice 12.4b in your textbook, Page 260
1(a) x  5
6
x5(6)
x  30
ONE VARIABLE
1(b) x  - 1
9
x-1(9)
x-9
ONE VARIABLE
1(e) 3x  21
x  21
3
x7
ONE VARIABLE
1(i) 2  1 m
4
2m
4
2(4)m
8m
ONE VARIABLE
1(l) 1  5k
1k
5
ONE VARIABLE
Skill Practice 12.4c in your textbook, Page 261
1(a) 4x - 5  15
4x  15 + 5
x  20
4
x  5
ONE VARIABLE
1(b) 3x + 7  - 20
3x  - 20 - 7
x  - 27
3
x  -9
ONE VARIABLE
1(c) 1 y - 1  - 3
2
1y  -3+1
2
y  -2(2)
y  -4
ONE VARIABLE
1(e) 6 – 4p  4
- 4p  4 - 6
p  - 2_
-4
p  1
2
ONE VARIABLE
2(a) 2x – 5  x + 11
2x – x  11 + 5
x  16
ONE VARIABLE
2(b) 7x + 4  - 3x - 6
7x + 3x  - 6 - 4
10x  - 10
x  - 10
10
x  -1
ONE VARIABLE
2(c) 4 – 2x  5x - 10
4 + 10  5x + 2x
14  7x
14  x
7
2x
ONE VARIABLE
2(d) - 9x + 8  24 – 5x
- 9x + 5x  24 – 8
- 4x  16
x  16
-4
x -4
ONE VARIABLE
2(e) - 3 – 4x  - 5 + 2x
- 3 + 5  - 2x + 4x
2  2x
2x
2
1x
ONE VARIABLE
2(i) 7 – ½ p  ¼ p - 2
7+2 ¼p+½p
9 1p+2p 9(4) 3p
4 4 36  p
9 3p 3
4 12  p
Inequalities / one variable /
multiplication and
division. /
CONCEPT OF SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR
INEQUALITIES IN ONE VARIABLE
5  x 10
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
5  x  10
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
5  x  10
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
5  x  10
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
REPRESENT COMMON VALUES ON A NUMBER LINE
(a) x  8 and x  10
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
x  10
(b) x  - 5 and x  - 2
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
x  -2
(c) x  - 5 and x  9
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x-5
(d) x  - 3 and x  2
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
x-3
(e) x  2 and x  5
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2x5
(f) x  - 1 and x  2
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-1  x  2
(g) x  - 5 and x  - 1
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
- 5  x  -1
(h) x  - 6 and x  0
-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-6  x  0
(i) x  4 and x  7
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4x7
EQUIVALENT INEQUALITY, textbook ,page 263
INEQUALITY EIGHT POSSIBLE COMMON INEQUALITY
INTEGERS FOR VALUES REPRESENTING
EACH THE COMMON
INEQUALITY VALUES
(EQUIVALENT
INEQUALITY)
x6 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2
1, 0, -1, -2 x2
and x  2 1, 0, - 1, - 2, - 3, - 4,
- 5, - 6
x-4 -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

0, -1, -2, -3 x1
and x  1 0, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6,
-7
SOLVING SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR INEQUALITIES
Skill Practice 12.5C in your textbook, Page 265
1(a) x  3 and x + 4  2
1(b) 3 - x  11 and 8 - x  13
2(b) 4  3x - 2  19

Linear Inequalities: Mathematics Form 3

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Linear Inequalities: Mathematics Form 3

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LINEAR

< LESS THAN

> GREATER THAN

 LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO

 GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO

49 equivalent inequality 94

NOW, TRY QUESTION

(a) x  4.3 Yes (e) p3  27 No

SOLUTION All possible

2(b) y  0 0, -1, -2, -3, -4

2(d) -11  q -11, - 12, -13, -14, -15

-12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3

WRITE THE INEQUALITY s  3

WRITE THE INEQUALITY y  5200

x-4 -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4

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