GII THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2010

Mn thi : HO, khi A - M : 825

* Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t :
H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; S = 32; Cl = 35,5;
K = 39; Ca = 40; Cr = 52, Mn = 55; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108; Sn = 119; Ba=137; Pb = 207.

I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH: (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)

Cu 1 : Cho hn hp gm 1,12 gam Fe v 1,92 gam Cu vo 400 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm
H2SO4 0,5M v Na NO3 0,2M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X v
kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht). Cho V ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo dung dch X th lng kt
ta thu c l ln nht. Gi tr ti thiu ca V l
A. 240.
B. 120.
C. 360.
D. 400.
nH+=0,4 mol nNO3=0,08 mol nFe=0,2 mol nCu=0,3 mol
Cu Cu2+ + 2e
Fe
Fe3+ +3e
0,02
0,02 0,06
0,03
0,03 0,06
Tng s mol e nhng = 0,12 mol
NO3-+3e+4H+ NO+2H2O
0,08 0,24
ne nhn>ne nhng nn Fe tan ht
0,04 0,12 0,16
nH+ d=0,4-0,16=0,24 mol
Trung ho X
Tng s mol OH-=3nFe3++2nCu2++nOH-=0,06+0,06+0,24=0,36 mol
S mol NaOH=0,36 lt=360 ml
p n C

Cu 2 : X phng ha hon ton 66,6 gam hn hp hai este HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng
dung dch NaOH, thu c hn hp X gm hai ancol. un nng hn hp X vi H2SO4 c
1400C, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam nc. Gi tr ca m l
A. 18,00.
B. 8,10.
C. 16,20.
D. 4,05.
HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 cng ng phn C3H6O2
Tng s mol hai cht = 66,6:74=0,9 (mol)
RCOOR+ NaOH RCOONa + ROH
2ROH R2O + H2O
0,9
0,9 (mol)
0,9
0,45 (mol)
Khi lng nc = 0,45 . 18 =8,1(gam)
p n B

Cu 3: Trng hp no sau y khng xy ra phn ng ha hc?

A. Cho Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 long, ngui. B. Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch FeCl2.
C. Sc kh H2S vo dung dch CuCl2.
D. Sc kh H2S vo dung dch FeCl2.
H2S khng phn ng vi FeCl2
p n D

Cu 4: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi
dung dch cht in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l:
A. I, II v III.
B. I, II v IV.
C. I, III v IV.
D. II, III v IV.
Tnh kh Fe>Cu(I), Zn>Fe(II), Fe>C(III), Fe>Sn(IV)
Fe b n mn I, III, IV
p n C

Cu 5: Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau khi

phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y gm hai cht hu c. t chy ht Y th thu
c 11,7 gam H2O v 7,84 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Phn trm theo th tch ca H2 trong X l
A. 65,00%.
B. 46,15%.
C. 35,00%
D. 53,85%.
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S mol HCHO=s mol CO2=0,35 (mol)

HCHOH2O
0,35
0,35 (mol) Suy ra s mol H2=(11,7:18)-0,35=0,3(mol)
% th tch H2=(0,3:0,65).100%=46,15%
p n B

Cu 6: Cho bn hn hp, mi hn hp gm hai cht rn c s mol bng nhau: Na2O v Al2O3;

Cu v FeCl3; BaCl2 v CuSO4; Ba v NaHCO3. S hn hp c th tan hon ton trong nc (d)
ch to ra dung dch l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Ch to ra mt dung dch l:
p n C

Cu 7: Hn hp kh X gm anken M v ankin N c cng s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t.

Hn hp X c khi lng 12,4 gam v th tch 6,72 lt ( ktc). S mol, cng thc phn t ca M
v N ln lt l
B. 0,1 mol C3H6 v 0,2 mol C3H4.
A. 0,1 mol C2H4 v 0,2 mol C2H2.
D. 0,2 mol C3H6 v 0,1 mol C3H4.
C. 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,1 mol C2H2.
Phng php th
m=0,2.42+0,1.40=12,4(g)
p n D

Cu 8: X phng ha hon ton 1,99 gam hn hp hai este bng dung dch NaOH thu c 2,05
gam mui ca mt axit cacboxylic v 0,94 gam hn hp hai ancol l ng ng k tip nhau.
Cng thc ca hai este l
A. HCOOCH3 v HCOOC2H5.
B. C2H5COOCH3 v C2H5COOC2H5.
D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.
C. CH3COOC2H5 v CH3COOC3H7.
p dng bo ton khi lng
mNaOH=0,94+2,05-1,99=1(g) nNaOH=0,025(mol)
M=1,99:0,025=79,6
p n D

Cu 9: Cho 1 mol amino axit X phn ng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c m1 gam mui Y.
Cng 1 mol amino axit X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c m2 gam mui Z. Bit m2
m1=7,5. Cng thc phn t ca X l
B. C5H9O4N.
C. C4H8O4N2.
D. C5H11O2N.
A. C4H10O2N2.
t cng thc l
(NH2)xR(COOH)y Ta c phng trnh
22y-36,5x=7,5 Nghim duy nht tho mn x=1, y=2 chn B
p n B

Cu 10: Ha tan ht m gam ZnSO4 vo nc c dung dch X. Cho 110ml dung dch KOH 2M
vo X, thu c a gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu cho 140 ml dung dch KOH 2M vo X th cng thu
c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 20,125.
B. 12,375.
C. 22,540.
D. 17,710.
TNI: Zn2+ d OH- ht
Zn2++2OH- Zn(OH)2
0,22
0,11
TNII: Zn2+ ht OH- d ho tan mt phn kt ta
Zn2++2OH- Zn(OH)2
x
2x
x
Zn(OH)2+2OH-[Zn(OH)-4]

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x-0,11
2x-0,22
Tng s mol OH-=0,28=2x+2x-0,22 suy ra x=0,125
m=0,125.161=20,125(g)
p n A

Cu 11: Hirocacbon X khng lm mt mu dung dch brom nhit thng. Tn gi ca X

l
A. etilen.

B. xiclopropan.

C. xiclohexan

D. stiren.

Xiclo hexan khng lm mt mu nc brom k thng

p n C

Cu 12: Cho lung kh CO (d) i qua 9,1 gam hn hp gm CuO v Al2O3 nung nng n khi
phn ng hon ton, thu c 8,3 gam cht rn. Khi lng CuO c trong hn hp ban u l
A. 0,8 gam.
B. 8,3 gam.
C. 2,0 gam.
D. 4,0 gam.
mO=9,1-8,3=0,8(g) nO=nCuO=0,05(mol) mCuO=0,05.80=4(g)
p n D

Cu 13: un nng hn hp hai ancol n chc, mch h vi H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp gm

cc ete. Ly 7,2 gam mt trong cc ete em t chy hon ton, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (
ktc) v 7,2 gam H2O. Hai ancol l
B. C2H5OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
A. CH3OH v CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
D. C2H5OH v CH3OH.
C. CH3OH v C3H7OH.
nCO2=nH2O=0,4 nn c mt ancol cha no
Cng thc ancol l CnH2n+1OH
Ete : (CnH2n+1)2O 28n+18=7,2: (0,4:n) nn n=1,8 nn chn A
p n A

Cu 14: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng c vi dung dch HCl long l

A. AgNO3, (NH4)2CO3, CuS.
C. FeS, BaSO4, KOH.

B. Mg(HCO3)2, HCOONa, CuO.

D. KNO3, CaCO3, Fe(OH)3.

Dy Mg(HCO3)2, HCOONa, CuO tc dng c vi HCl long

p n B

Cu 15: Cho phng trnh ha hc: Fe3O4 + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NxOy + H2O
Sau khi cn bng phng php ha hc trn vi h s ca cc cht l nhng s nguyn, ti
gin th h s ca HNO3 l
A. 46x 18y.
B. 45x 18y.
C. 13x 9y.
D. 23x 9y.
Cn bng
(5x-2y)Fe3O4+(46x-18y)HNO3 3(5x-2y)Fe(NO3)3+NxOy+(23x-9y)H2O
p n A

Cu 16: X phng ha mt hp cht c cng thc phn t C10H14O6 trong dung dch NaOH
(d), thu c glixerol v hn hp gm ba mui (khng c ng phn hnh hc). Cng thc ca
ba mui l:
A. CH2=CH-COONa, HCOONa v CH
C-COONa.
B. CH3-COONa, HCOONa v CH3-CH=CH-COONa.
C. HCOONa, CH
C-COONa v CH3-CH2-COONa.
D. CH2=CH-COONa, CH3-CH2-COONa v HCOONa.
C10H14O6
Tng k=4 = 3pi(COO)+1pi gc nn chn phng n B hoc D
B CH3CH=CHCOONa c ng phn hnh hc nn chn D

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p n D

Cu 17: Ln men m gam glucoz vi hiu sut 90%, lng kh CO2 sinh ra hp th ht vo dung
dch nc vi trong, thu c 10 gam kt ta. Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng gim 3,4 gam
so vi khi lng dung dch nc vi trong ban u. Gi tr ca m l
A. 13,5.
B. 30,0.
C. 15,0.
D. 20,0.
Khi lng CO2=10-3,4=6,6(g)
S : C6H12O62CO2
180
88
x
6,6 x=13,5(g)
H=90% nn
Khi lng glucoz=(100.13,5):90=15(g)
p n C

Cu 18: Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy
hon ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l
B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
A. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
D. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
Hai ancol a chc c t l s mol CO2 v nc l 3:4 th chng t hai ancol no c
n trung bnh = 3 chn C
p n C

Cu 19: Cho 3,68 gam hn hp gm Al v Zn tc dng vi mt lng va dung dchH2SO4

10% thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 ( ktc). Khi lng dung dch thu c sau phn ng l
A. 101,48 gam.
B. 101,68 gam.
C. 97,80 gam.
D. 88,20 gam.
S mol H2SO4 phn ng = s mol H2=0,1(mol)
Khi lng dung dch H2SO4=[ (0,1.98).100]:10=98(g)
Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng =98+3,68-0,1.2=101,48(g)
p n A

Cu 20: Nu cho 1 mol mi cht: CaOCl2, KMnO4, K2Cr2O7, MnO2 ln lt phn ng vi lng
d dung dch HCl c, cht to ra lng kh Cl2 nhiu nht l
B. K2Cr2O7.
C. CaOCl2.
A. KMnO4.

D. MnO2.

K2Cr2O73Cl2; KMnO42,5Cl2; CaOCl2Cl2; MnO2Cl2

p n B

Cu 21: Cho 0,25 mol mt anehit mch h X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong

NH3 thu c 54 gam Ag. Mt khc, khi cho X phn ng vi H2 d (xc tc Ni, t0) th 0,125 mol
X phn ng ht vi 0,25 mol H2. Cht X c cng thc ng vi cng thc chung l
B. CnH2n-3CHO (n 2).
A. CnH2n-1CHO (n 2).
C. CnH2n(CHO)2 (n 0).
D. CnH2n+1CHO (n 0).
S mol Ag = 2 ln s mol anehit chng t anehit n chc
S mol H2=2 ln s mol anehit chng t anehit cha no cha 1 pi
p n A

Cu 22: Ha tan hon ton 12,42 gam Al bng dung dch HNO3 long (d), thu c dung dch
X v 1,344 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh Y gm hai kh l N2O v N2. T khi ca hn hp kh Y so vi
kh H2 l 18. C cn dung dch X, thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 97,98.
B. 106,38.
C. 38,34.
D. 34,08.
44a+ 28b= 0,06.18.2 a= 0,03

Ta c h

b= 0,03
a+ b= 0,06

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2N+5+8eN2O
2N+5+10eN2 Tng s mol e nhn=0,54(mol)
0,24 0,03
0,3 0,03
S mol Al=0,46(mol)
AlAl3++3e
0,46
1,38 > 0,54(s mol e nhn ) chng t phn ng cn to NH4NO3
N+5 + 8e

NH4NO3
(1,38-0,54)
0,105
Tng khi lng mui = 0,46.nAl(NO3)3 + 80.nNH4NO3 = 106,38(g)
p n B

Cu 23: Cho 3,024 gam mt kim loi M tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long, thu c 940,8 ml
kh NxOy (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) c t khi i vi H2 bng 22. Kh NxOy v kim loi M
l
A. NO v Mg.
B. N2O v Al
C. N2O v Fe.
D. NO2 v Al.
MKh=22 chng t NxOy l N2O duy nht
MMn++ne
2N+5+ 8e N2O
0,336 0,042
Khi M=3,024: (0,336:n) M=9n (n=3, M=27) Chn Al
p n B

Cu 24: Cho 10 gam amin n chc X phn ng hon ton vi HCl (d), thu c 15 gam mui.
S ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 8.
B. 7.

C. 5.

D. 4.

Theo bo ton khi lng nHCl=(15-10):36,5

MAmin=10:s mol Axit HCl = 73 (C4H11N) c tng 8 ng phn
p n A

Cu 25: Cho hn hp gm Fe v Zn vo dung dch AgNO3 n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon

ton, thu c dung dch X gm hai mui v cht rn Y gm hai kim loi. Hai mui trong X l
B. AgNO3 v Zn(NO3)2.
A. Fe(NO3)2 v AgNO3.
D. Fe(NO3)3 v Zn(NO3)2.
C. Zn(NO3)2 v Fe(NO3)2.
Dung dch cha 2 mui chng t Fe phn ng mt phn v AgNO3 ht
Dung dch cha Fe(NO3)2 v Zn(NO3)2
p n C

Cu 26: Thuc th c dng phn bit Gly-Ala-Gly vi Gly-Ala l

A. Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng kim.
C. dung dch HCl.

B. dung dch NaCl.

D. dung dch NaOH.

Dng Cu(OH)2/OHp n A

Cu 27: Cho 6,72 gam Fe vo 400ml dung dch HNO3 1M, n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton,
thu c kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch X. Dung dch X c th ha tan ti a m
gam Cu. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,92.
B. 0,64.
C. 3,84.
D. 3,20.
S mol Fe=0,12(mol) s mol HNO3=0,4
Fe+4HNO3Fe(NO3)3+NO+2H2O
0,1 0,4
0,1
Fe(NO3)3 d =0,1-0,04=0,06(mol)

(mol)
Fe + 2Fe(NO3)33Fe(NO3)2
0,02
0,04
Cu + 2Fe(NO3)3Cu(NO3)2+2Fe(NO3)2
0,03 0,06
mCu=0,03.64=1,92(g)

p n A

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Cu 28: Mt hp cht X cha ba nguyn t C, H, O c t l khi lng mC : mH : mO = 21:2:4.

Hp cht X c cng thc n gin nht trng vi cng thc phn t. S ng phn cu to thuc
loi hp cht thm ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 3.
CxHyOz x:y:z=(21:12):2:(4:16)=7:8:1 Cng thc C7H8O=3 phenol+1 ete+1 ancol
p n A

Cu 29: Cho dy cc cht v ion: Zn, S, FeO, SO2, N2, HCl, Cu2+, Cl-. S cht v ion c c tnh
oxi ha v tnh kh l
A. 4.

B. 6.

C. 5.

D. 7.

Cht tho mn S, FeO, SO2, N2, HCl

p n C

Cu 30: Nung 6,58 gam Cu(NO3)2 trong bnh kn khng cha khng kh, sau mt thi gian thu
c 4,96 gam cht rn v hn hp kh X. Hp th hon ton X vo nc c 300 ml dung
dch Y. Dung dch Y c pH bng
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Theo phng php tng gim khi lng
S mol mui phn ng =(6,58-4,96):108=0,015(mol)
Cu(NO3)22NO2+1/2O2
0,015
0,03
4NO24HNO3
0,03
0,03 [H+]=0,03:0,3=0,1(M) pH=1
p n D

Cu 31: Poli (metyl metacrylat) v nilon-6 c to thnh t cc monome tng ng l

A. CH3-COO-CH=CH2 v H2N-[CH2]5-COOH.
B. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]6-COOH.
C. CH2=C(CH3)-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]5-COOH.
D. CH2=CH-COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]6-COOH.
Hai monome ln lt l
CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3 v H2N-[CH2]5-COOH
p n C

Cu 32: Hp cht hu c X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH v dung dch brom nhng
khng tc dng vi dung dch NaHCO3. Tn gi ca X l
A. metyl axetat.
B. axit acrylic.
C. anilin.

D. phenol.

X tc dng c vi NaOH v Br2, khng tc dng vi NaHCO3 l phenol

p n D

Cu 33: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns2np4. Trong hp

cht kh ca nguyn t X vi hir, X chim 94,12% khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca
nguyn t X trong oxit cao nht l
A. 27,27%.
B. 40,00%.
C. 60,00%.
D. 50,00%.
Hp cht vi H l H2X c %X theo khi lng l 94,12% X l S nn %S trong SO3 l 40%
p n B

Cu 34: Dy gm cc cht u iu ch trc tip (bng mt phn ng) to ra anehit axetic l:

A. CH3COOH, C2H2, C2H4.
C. C2H5OH, C2H4, C2H2.

B. C2H5OH, C2H2, CH3COOC2H5.

D. HCOOC2H3, C2H2, CH3COOH.

Dy cht iu ch trc tip to ra CH3CHO l

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C2H5OH, C2H4, C2H2

p n C

Cu 35: Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO3 1,5M v KHCO3 1M. Nh t t tng git cho
n ht 200 ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100 ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt kh ( ktc). Gi tr ca
V l
A. 4,48.
B. 1,12.
C. 2,24.
D. 3,36.
S mol CO32-=0,15 (mol) ; s mol HCO3-=0,1(mol) ; s mol H+=0,2(mol)
H++CO32-HCO3- ; Tng s mol HCO3-=0,25 ; H++ HCO3- CO2+H2O
0,15 0,15 0,15
0,05 0,25 0,05
p n B

VCO2=0,05.22,4=1,12 (lt)

Cu 36: Khi t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c V lt
kh CO2 ( ktc) v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a v V l:
V
V
V
.
B. m = 2a
.
C. m = 2a
.
A. m = a
5, 6
11, 2
22, 4

D. m = a +

V
.
5,6

m=mC+mH+mO=12.(V:22,4)+a:9+16.(a:18-V:22,4)
p n A

Cu 37: C ba dung dch: amoni hirocacbonat, natri aluminat, natri phenolat v ba cht lng:
ancol etylic, benzen, anilin ng trong su ng nghim ring bit. Nu ch dng mt thuc th
duy nht l dung dch HCl th nhn bit c ti a bao nhiu ng nghim?
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 3.
D. 4.
Dng HCl nhn ra 6 cht: NH4HCO3 c kh thot ra ; NaAlO2 c kt ta keo sau tan ; Phenolat natri c hin
tng vn c ; C2H5OH dung dch trong sut ; Phenol phn lp ; Anilin ban u phn lp sau lc u to
dung dch trong sut vi HCl d
p n B

Cu 38: Cho 0,448 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) hp th ht vo 100 ml dung dch cha hn hp NaOH
0,06M v Ba(OH)2 0,12M, thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,940.
B. 1,182.
C. 2,364.

D. 1,970.

nOH-=0,006+2.0,012=0,03(mol)
nCO2=0,02(mol) 1<nOH-/nCO2<2 nn to ra 2 ion s mol bng nhau=0,01mol
Ba2++CO32- BaCO3
0,012 0,01
0,01
khi lng kt ta = 0,01.197=1,97(g)
p n D

Cu 39: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui
ca chng l:
A. Ba, Ag, Au.

B. Fe, Cu, Ag.

C. Al, Fe, Cr.

D. Mg, Zn, Cu.

Fe, Cu, Ag
p n B

Cu 40: Cu hnh electron ca ion X2+ l 1s22s22p63s23p63d6. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn
t ha hc, nguyn t X thuc
A. chu k 4, nhm VIIIB.
C. chu k 3, nhm VIB.

B. chu k 4, nhm VIIIA.

D. chu k 4, nhm IIA.

Cu hnh ca X l
3d64s2 chu k 4, nhm VIIIB
p n A

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II. PHN RING [10 cu]:

Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Cho cc hp cht hu c: C2H2; C2H4; CH2O; CH2O2 (mch h); C3H4O2 (mch h,
n chc). Bit C3H4O2 khng lm chuyn mu qu tm m. S cht tc dng c vi dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3 to ra kt ta l
A. 3.
B. 4
C. 2
D. 5
CH=CH, HCHO, HCOOH, CH=C-COOCH3, 4 cht ny u tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3
p n B

Cu 42: C nm dung dch ng ring bit trong nm ng nghim: (NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, Cr(NO3)3,
K2CO3, Al(NO3)3. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 n d vo nm dung dch trn. Sau khi phn ng kt
thc, s ng nghim c kt ta l
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 3
(NH4)2SO4, FeCl2, K2CO3 to kt ta vi Ba(OH)2 v cc kt ta to ra khng tan
p n D

Cu 43: Ha tan hon ton 14,6 gam hn hp X gm Al v Sn bng dung dch HCl (d), thu
c 5,6 lt H2( ktc). Th tch kh O2 ( ktc) cn phn ng hon ton vi 14,6 gam hn hp
X l
A. 3,92 lt.
B. 1,68 lt
C. 2,80 lt
D. 4,48 lt
Al + 3/2HCl
AlCl3 + 3/2H2 
X
3/2x

27x+ 119y= 14,6

3/ 2x+ y= 0,25

Zn + HCl
ZnCl2 + H2 
y
y

x= 0,1

y= 0,1

p : 4Al +
3O2
2Al2O3 . Sn + O2
SnO2
0,1
0,1*3/4
0,1
0,1

nO2 = (0,1*3/4 + 0,1*1) = 0,175 (mol)
Vo2 = 0,175*22,4 = 3,92 (lt)
p n A

Cu 44: Cacbohirat nht thit phi cha nhm chc ca

A. Xeton

B. Anehit

C. Amin

D. Ancol.

Cacbohirat phi c nhm OH(ancol)

p n D

Cu 45: Cho hn hp gm 1,2 mol Mg v x mol Zn vo dung dch cha 2 mol Cu2+ v 1 mol Ag+
n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c mt dung dch cha 3 ion kim loi. Trong cc
gi tr sau y, gi tr no ca x tha mn trng hp trn?
A. 1,5
B. 1,8
C. 2,0
D. 1,2
MgMg2++2e
ZnZn2++2e
1,2
2,4 x
2x
Ag++1eAg
Cu2++2eCu
1
1
2
4
Tho mn ra th 2,4+2x<1+4 hay x<1,3(mol)
p n D

Cu 46: Cho hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch khng phn nhnh. t chy hon
ton 0,3 mol hn hp X, thu dc 11,2 lit kh CO2 ( ktc). Nu trung ha 0,3 mol X th cn dng
500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hai axit l:
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A. HCOOH, HOOC-CH2-COOH.
C. HCOOH, C2H5COOH

B. HCOOH, CH3COOH.
D. HCOOH, HOOC-COOH.

0,3 mol axit trung ho 0,5 mol NaOH th phi c 1 axit n chc v mt axit hai chc
n trung bnh l 5/3 nn chn D
p n D

Cu 47: Hp cht X mch h c cng thc phn t l C4H9NO2. Cho 10,3 gam X phn ng va
vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra mt cht kh Y v dung dch Z. Kh Y nng hn khng kh, lm
giy qu tm m chuyn mu xanh. Dung dch Z c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom. C cn
dung dch Z thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 8,2
B. 10,8
C. 9,4
D. 9,6
Cng thc thu gn ca X l CH2=CHCOONH3CH3
CH2=CHCOONH3CH3+NaOHCH2=CHCOONa+CH3NH2+H2O
0,1mol
0,1 mol
Khi lng cht rn = 0,1.94=9,4(g)
p n C

Cu 48: Cho cn bng sau trong bnh kn: 2NO 2 ( k ) N2O4 (k).
(mu nu ) (khng mu)
Bit khi h nhit ca bnh th mu nu nht dn. Phn ng thun c:
A. H < 0, phn ng thu nhit
B. H > 0, phn ng ta nhit
C. H > 0, phn ng thu nhit
D. H < 0, phn ng ta nhit
Phn ng to nhit tc delta H<O
p n D

Cu 49: t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h, cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 (
ktc). Mt khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch
c mu xanh lam. Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng l
A. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol
B. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol
C. 4,9 v glixerol.
D. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol
s mol Cu(OH)2=1/2s mol X=0,05(mol)
Khi lng Cu(OH)2=4,9(g)
chn A hoc C ch c A tha mn
p n A

Cu 50: Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Phn ur c cng thc l (NH4)2CO3.
B. Phn hn hp cha nit, photpho, kali c gi chung l phn NPK.
C. Phn ln cung cp nit ha hp cho cy di dng ion nitrat (NO3-) v ion amoni (NH4+)
D. Amophot l hn hp cc mui (NH4)2HPO4 v KNO3.
Phng n B

B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)

Cu 51: Mt bnh phn ng c dung tch khng i, cha hn hp kh N2 v H2 vi nng tng
ng l 0,3 M v 0,7 M. Sau khi phn ng tng hp NH3 t trng thi cn bng t0C, H2 chim 50%
th tch hn hp thu c. Hng s cn bng KC t0C ca phn ng c gi tr l
D. 3,125
A. 2,500
B. 0,609
C. 0,500

Cu 52: Cho sut in ng chun ca cc pin in ha: Zn-Cu l 1,1 V; Cu-Ag l 0,46 V. Bit th
0
0
0
in cc chun E Ag
= +0,8V . Th din cc chun EZn
v ECu
c gi tr ln lt l
2+
2+
+
/ Zn
/ Cu
/ Ag

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A. +1,56 V v +0,64 V
C. 0,76 V v + 0,34 V

B. 1,46 V v 0,34 V
D. 1,56 V v +0,64 V

Cu 53: Nung nng m gam PbS ngoi khng kh sau mt thi gian, thu c hn hp rn (c cha
mt oxit) nng 0,95 m gam. Phn trm khi lng PbS b t chy l
A. 74,69 %
B. 95,00 %
C. 25,31 %

D. 64,68 %

Cu 54: Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Anilin tc dng vi axit nitr khi un nng thu c mui iazoni
B. Benzen lm mt mu nc brom nhit thng.
C. Etylamin phn ng vi axit nitr nhit thng, sinh ra bt kh.
D. Cc ancol a chc u phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam.

Cu 55: Dy gm cc dung dch u tham gia phn ng trng bc l:

A.
B.
C.
D.

Glucoz, mantoz, axit fomic, anehit axetic

Frutoz, mantoz, glixerol, anehit axetic
Glucoz, glixerol, mantoz, axit fomic.
Glucoz, frutoz, mantoz, saccaroz.

Cu 56: Dy gm cc cht v thuc u c th gy nghin cho con ngi l

A. penixilin, paradol, cocain.
C. cocain, seduxen, cafein.

B. heroin, seduxen, erythromixin

D. ampixilin, erythromixin, cafein.

Cu 57: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C5H8O2. Cho 5 gam X tc dng va ht vi dung dch
NaOH, thu c mt hp cht hu c khng lm mt mu nc brom v 3,4 gam mt mui. Cng thc
ca X l
B. HCOOC(CH3)=CHCH3.
A. CH3COOC(CH3)=CH2.
D. HCOOCH=CHCH2CH3.
C. HCOOCH2CH=CHCH3

Cu 58: Cho dy chuyn ha sau:

+ NaOH (du )
+X
Phenyl axetat
Y (hp cht thm)
Phenol
t0
Hai cht X,Y trong s trn ln lt l:
B. anhirit axetic, natri phenolat
A. anhirit axetic, phenol.
C. axit axetic, natri phenolat.
D. axit axetic, phenol.

Cu 59: Cho s chuyn ha:

+

H 3O
KCN
X
Y
CH3CH2Cl
t0
Cng thc cu to ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2CHO.
C. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COONH4.

B. CH3CH2NH2, CH3CH2COOH.
D. CH3CH2CN, CH3CH2COOH.

Cu 60: Trng hp xy ra phn ng l

A. Cu + Pb(NO3)2 (long)
C. Cu + HCl (long) + O2

B. Cu + HCl (long)
D. Cu + H2SO4 (long)
--------------------------------------

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GII THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2010

Mn thi : HO, khi B - M : 174
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH: (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1 : Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C6H10O4. Thy phn X to ra hai ancol n
chc c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t gp i nhau. Cng thc ca X l
B. C2H5OCO-COOCH3.
A. CH3OCO-CH2-COOC2H5.
C. CH3OCO-COOC3H7.
D. CH3OCO-CH2-CH2-COOC2H5.
Cu 2: Nung 2,23 gam hn hp X gm cc kim loi Fe, Al, Zn, Mg trong oxi, sau mt thi gian thu
c 2,71 gam hn hp Y. Ha tan hon ton Y vo dung dch HNO3 (d), thu c 0,672 lt kh NO
(sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). S mol HNO3 phn ng l
A. 0,12 .
B. 0,14.
C. 0,16.
D. 0,18.
Gii
Gi s mol ca cc kim loi ln lt l x, y, z, t.
56x + 27y + 65z + 24t = 2,23
S mol e ca kim loi nhng cho oxi v nito (N+5):
2,71 2,23
0,672
.2 +
.3 = 0,15 mol
3x + 3y + 2z + 2t =
16
22,4
nHNO3 = nN(mui) + nN (NO) = 3x + 3y + 2z + 2t + 0,03 = 0,18 mol
Cu 3: Hn hp X gm axit panmitic, axit stearic v axit linoleic. trung ha m gam X cn 40 ml
dung dch NaOH 1M. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton m gam X th thu c 15,232 lt kh CO2
(ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. S mol ca axit linoleic trong m gam hn hp X l
A. 0,015.
B. 0,010.
C. 0,020.
D. 0,005.
Gii
Axit panmitic: C15H31COOH x mol
Axit stearic: C17H35COOH y mol
Axit linoleic C17H31COOH z mol
(1)
nCO2 = 16x + 18y + 18z = 0,68 mol
(2)
nH2O = 16x + 18y + 16z = 0,65 mol
Ly (1) (2) ta c 2z = 0,03

z = 0,015 mol
Khng s dng n d kin s mol ca hn hp
Cu 4: Phng php loi b tp cht HCl c ln trong kh H2S l: Cho hn hp kh li t t qua mt
lng d dung dch
B. NaHS.
C. AgNO3.
D. NaOH.
A. Pb(NO3)2.
Cu 5: Pht biu no sau y khng ng khi so snh tnh cht ha hc ca nhm v crom?
A. Nhm v crom u b th ng ha trong dung dch H2SO4 c ngui.
B. Nhm c tnh kh mnh hn crom.
C. Nhm v crom u phn ng vi dung dch HCl theo cng t l v s mol.
D. Nhm v crom u bn trong khng kh v trong nc.
Cu 6: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2, u l cht rn iu kin
thng. Cht X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, gii phng kh. Cht Y c phn ng trng ngng. Cc
cht X v Y ln lt l
A. vinylamoni fomat v amoni acrylat.
B. amoni acrylat v axit 2-aminopropionic.

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C. axit 2-aminopropionic v amoni acrylat.

D. axit 2-aminopropionic v axit 3-aminopropionic.

Cu 7: Kh hon ton m gam oxit MxOy cn va 17,92 lt kh CO (ktc), thu c a gam kim loi
M. Ha tan ht a gam M bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng (d), thu c 20,16 lt kh SO2 (sn phm
kh duy nht, ktc). Oxit MxOy l
B. FeO.
C. Fe3O4.
D. CrO.
A. Cr2O3.
Gii
MxOy + yCO
xM + yCO2
0,8
0,8x/y mol
M2(SO4)n + nSO2 + 2nH2O
2M + 2nH2SO4
2.0,09/n

0,09 mol
x
0,18
0,8 x 0,18
=

=
y
n
y 0,08n
Gi tr ph hp l l n = 3 , y = 4, x = 3
Cu 8: Cho dung dch Ba(HCO3)2 ln lt vo cc dung dch: CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, NaOH, Na2CO3,
KHSO4, Na2SO4, Ca(OH)2, H2SO4, HCl. S trng hp c to ra kt ta l
A. 4.
B. 7.
C. 5.
D. 6.
Cu 9: ipeptit mch h X v tripeptit mch h Y u c to nn t mt aminoaxit (no, mch h,
trong phn t cha mt nhm NH2 v mt nhm COOH). t chy hon ton 0,1 mol Y, thu c
tng khi lng CO2 v H2O bng 54,9 gam. t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X, sn phm thu c cho li
t t qua nc vi trong d, to ra m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 120.
B. 60.
C. 30.
D. 45.
Gii
Amino axit to ra X v Y l CnH2n(NH2)COOH hay CnH2n + 1NO2
Y:
C3nH6n - 1N3O4
=> X:
C2nH4nN2O3 ;
6n 1
0,1.3n.44 + 0,1
18 = 54,9
2
=> n = 3
6CO2
6CaCO3
X:
C6
0,2
1,2
1,2 mol
m = 1,2.100 = 120g
Cu 10: Hn hp Z gm hai axit cacboxylic n chc X v Y (MX > MY) c tng khi lng l 8,2
gam. Cho Z tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch cha 11,5 gam mui. Mt khc,
nu cho Z tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc
v phn trm khi lng ca X trong Z l
A. C3H5COOH v 54,88%.
B. C2H3COOH v 43,90%.
D. HCOOH v 45,12%.
C. C2H5COOH v 56,10%.
Gii
Z tc dng c vi AgNO3/NH3 suy ra Z c HCOOH.
nHCOOH = nAg = 0,1 mol

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RCOOH
RCOONa
1 mol
tng 22
0,15 mol
11,5 8,2 = 3,3g
8,2 0,1.46
= 72
MX =
0,15 0,1
t cng thc ca X l RCOOH. Suy ra: R + 45 = 72

R = 27 suy ra R l C2H3

X: C2H3COOH

%X = 0,05.72.100/8,2 = 43,9%
Cu 11: Cc cht m phn t khng phn cc l:
B. Cl2, CO2, C2H2.
A. HBr, CO2, CH4.
C. NH3, Br2, C2H4.
D. HCl, C2H2, Br2.
Cu 12: Mt ion M3+ c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu
hn s ht khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l
A. [Ar]3d54s1.
B. [Ar]3d64s2.
C. [Ar]3d64s1.
D. [Ar]3d34s2.
Gii
E 3 + Z + N = 79 hay
2Z + N = 82
E 3 + Z N = 19 hay
2Z N = 22
Z = 26 => [Ar]3d64s2
Cu 13: Hn hp kh X gm mt ankan v mt anken. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 11,25. t chy
hon ton 4,48 lt X, thu c 6,72 lt CO2 (cc th tch kh o ktc). Cng thc ca ankan v anken
ln lt l
B. C2H6 v C2H4.
C. CH4 v C3H6.
D. CH4 v C4H8.
A. CH4 v C2H4.
Gii
M = 11,25.2 = 22,5

X phi c CH4
Gi x, y ln lt l s mol ca CH4 v CnH2n
nX = x + y = 0,2
(1)
nCO2 = x + ny = 0,3
(2)
mX = 16x + 14ny = 22,5.0,2
(3)
Gii h pt (1), (2), (3) c n = 3

anken l C3H6
Cu 14: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Trong cc dung dch: HCl, H2SO4, H2S c cng nng 0,01M, dung dch H2S c pH ln
nht.
B. Nh dung dch NH3 t t ti d vo dung dch CuSO4, thu c kt ta xanh.
C. Dung dch Na2CO3 lm phenolphtalein khng mu chuyn sang mu hng.
D. Nh dung dch NH3 t t ti d vo dung dch AlCl3, thu c kt ta trng.
Cu 15: Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, t0) to ra sn phm c kh nng phn ng
vi Na l:
A. C2H3CH2OH, CH3COCH3, C2H3COOH. B. C2H3CHO, CH3COOC2H3, C6H5COOH.
D. CH3OC2H5, CH3CHO, C2H3COOH.
C. C2H3CH2OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH.
Cu 16: Mt loi phn supephotphat kp c cha 69,62% mui canxi ihirophotphat, cn li gm cc
cht khng cha photpho. dinh dng ca loi phn ln ny l
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A. 48,52%.

B. 42,25%.
C. 39,76%.
Gii
dinh dng ca phn ln c tnh bng phn trm P2O5
Ca(H2PO4)2
P2O5
234g
142g
69,62%
x%
142.69,62
= 42,25%
x=
234

D. 45,75%.

Cu 17: Cho 13,74 gam 2,4,6-trinitrophenol vo bnh kn ri nung nng nhit cao. Sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton, thu c x mol hn hp kh gm: CO2, CO, N2 v H2. Gi tr ca x l
A. 0,60.
B. 0,36.
C. 0,54.
D. 0,45.
Gii
2,4,6-trinitrophenol: C6H2(NO2)3OH hay C6H3N3O7
2C6H3N3O7
2CO2 + 3H2 + 3N2 + 10CO
0,06 mol
0,06 0,09 0,09 0,3 mol
x = 0,06 + 0,09 + 0,09 + 0,3 = 0,54 mol

Cu 18: Hn hp X gm 1 ancol v 2 sn phm hp nc ca propen. T khi hi ca X so vi hiro

bng 23. Cho m gam X i qua ng s ng CuO (d) nung nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, thu c hn hp Y gm 3 cht hu c v hi nc, khi lng ng s gim 3,2 gam. Cho Y tc
dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, to ra 48,6 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng
ca propan-1-ol trong X l
A. 65,2%.
B. 16,3%.
C. 48,9%.
D. 83,7%.
Gii
Hai sn phm hp nc ca propen l C2H5CH2OH v CH3CHOHCH3.
MX = 2.23 = 46

X c CH3OH
3,2
nX = nO (CuO) =
= 0,2 mol
16
Gi a l s mol ca C3H8O
32(0,2 a) + 60a = 46.0,2
a = 0,1
=> nCH3OH = 0,1 mol
nAg = 0,45 mol
HCHO
4Ag
CH3OH
0,1
0,1
0,4 mol
C2H5CH2OH
C2H5CHO
2Ag
0,025 mol

0,025
0,45 0,4 mol
0,025.60
x100 = 16,3%
%m C2H5CH2OH =
46.0,2
Cu 19: Cho phn ng: 2C6H5-CHO + KOH C6H5-COOK + C6H5-CH2-OH
Phn ng ny chng t C6H5-CHO

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A. va th hin tnh oxi ha, va th hin tnh kh.

B. ch th hin tnh oxi ha.
C. ch th hin tnh kh.
D. khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ha.

Cu 20: Ha tan hon ton 2,44 gam hn hp bt X gm FexOy v Cu bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng
(d). Sau phn ng thu c 0,504 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch cha 6,6
gam hn hp mui sunfat. Phn trm khi lng ca Cu trong X l
A. 39,34%.
B. 65,57%.
C. 26,23%.
D. 13,11%.
Gii
+2 y
x

- (3x 2y)e xFe3+

x Fe
a
(3x 2y)a mol
Cu 2e Cu2+
b
2b mol
S+6 + 2e

S+4
0,045
0,0225 mol
(3x 2y)a + 2b = 0,045
(1)
(56x + 16y)a + 64b = 2,44
(2)
400ax/2 + 160b = 6,6
(3)
Thay ax = t, ay = k. H pt c vit li
3t 2k + 2b = 0,045
56t + 16k + 64b = 2,44
200t + 160b = 6,6
Gii h PT trn c t = k = 0,025 ; b = 0,01
%mCu = 0,64.100/2,44 = 26,23%

Cu 21: in phn (vi in cc tr) 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 nng x mol/l, sau mt thi gian thu
c dung dch Y vn cn mu xanh, c khi lng gim 8g so vi dung dch ban u. Cho 16,8g bt
Fe vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 12,4g kim loi. Gi tr ca x l
A. 2,25
B. 1,5
C. 1,25
D. 3,25
Gii
Cu + H2SO4 + O2
CuSO4 + H2O
a
a
a
a mol
64a + a.32 = 8

a = 0,1
nFe = 0,3 mol
FeSO4 + H2
Fe + H2SO4
0,1 0,1 mol
mFe cn li = 16,8 0,1.5,6 = 11,2g
Fe + CuSO4
FeSO4 + Cu (3)
12,4 11,2
nCuSO4 (3) =
= 0,15 mol
8
0,1 + 0,15
= 1,25
x=
0,2

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Cu 22: Trn 10,8g bt Al vi 34,8g bt Fe3O4 ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm trong iu kin
khng c khng kh. Ho tan hon ton hn hp rn sau phn ng bng dung dch H2SO4 long (d)
thu c 10,752 lt kh H2 (ktc). Hiu sut ca phn ng nhit nhm l
A. 80%
B. 90%
C. 70%
D. 60%
Gii
nAl = 0,4 mol
nFe3O4 = 0,15 mol, nH2 = 0,48 mol
4Al2O3 + 9Fe
8Al + 3Fe3O4
8x
9x mol
Fe
H2
9x
9x mol
Al
3/2 H2
0,4-8x
1,5(0,4-8x) mol
9x + 1,5(0,4 8x) = 0,48

x = 0,04
0,04.8

H% =
x100 = 80%
0,4
Cu 23: Hn hp M gm anhit X (no, n chc, mch h) v hircacbon Y, c tng s mol l 0,2
(s mol ca X nh hn ca Y). t chy hon ton M, thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 7,2g H2O.
Hircacbon Y l
B. C2H2
C. C3H6
D. C2H4
A. CH4
Gii
nH2O = 0,4 mol
nCO2 = 0,4 mol ;
nCO2 = nH2O, X l CnH2nO => Y l CmH2m (m 2)
nCO2 gp 2 ln nM => X l CH2O
v Y phi c s nguyn t C ln hn 2 => C3H6
(s mol ca X nh hn ca Y). ???
Cu 24: Cc dung dch phn ng c vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng l
A. glixeron, axit axetic, glucoz
B. lng trng trng, fructoz, axeton
C. anhit axetic, saccaroz, axit axetic
D. fructoz, axit acrylic, ancol etylic
Cu 25: Cho dung dch X cha KMnO4 v H2SO4 (long) ln lt vo cc dung dch : FeCl2, FeSO4,
CuSO4, MgSO4, H2S, HCl (c). S trng hp c xy ra phn ng oxi ho - kh l
A. 3
B. 5
C. 4
D. 6

Cu 26: Cc cht u khng b thu phn trong dung dch H2SO4 long, nng l
A. t capron; nilon-6,6, polietylen
B. poli (vinyl axetat); polietilen, cao su buna
C. nilon-6,6; poli(etylen-terephtalat); polistiren
D. polietylen; cao su buna; polistiren
Cu 27: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol mt amin no, mch h X bng oxi va thu c 0,5 mol hn
hp Y gm kh v hi. Cho 4,6g X tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), s mol HCl phn ng l
A. 0,1
B. 0,4
C. 0,3
D. 0,2
Gii
2n + 2 + x
CnH2n + 2 x(NH2)x
nCO2 +
H2O + x/2N2
2
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0,1

0,1n

2n + 2 + x
0,1
2

0,1x/2 mol

2n + 2 + x
+ x/2 = 5
2
=> 4n + 2x = 8
N = 1, x = 2 => amin: CH2(NH2)2
n amin = 0,1 => nHCl = 0,2 mol
=> n +

Cu 28: Cho 150 ml dung dch KOH 1,2M tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch AlCl3 nng x mol/l, thu
c dung dch Y v 4,68 gam kt ta. Loi b kt ta, thm tip 175 ml dung dch KOH 1,2M vo Y,
thu c 2,34 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l
A. 1,2
B. 0,8
C. 0,9
D. 1,0
Gii
TN1. nKOH = 0,18 mol
;
nAl(OH)3 = 0,06 mol
TN2. nKOH = 0,21 mol
;
nAl(OH)3 = 0,03 mol
Al3+
+
3OH-
Al(OH)3
a + 0,03
3(a + 0,03)
a + 0,03 mol

AlO2 + 2H2O
Al(OH)3 + OH
a
a mol
a + 3(a + 0,03) = 0,21
=> a = 0,03
x = (0,06 + 0,03 + 0,03)/0,1 = 1,2
Cu 29: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ?
A. Dung dch m c ca Na2SiO3 v K2SiO3 c gi l thu tinh lng
B. m chy magie c th c dp tt bng ct kh
C. CF2Cl2 b cm s dng do khi thi ra kh quyn th ph hu tng ozon
D. Trong phng th nghim, N2 c iu ch bng cch un nng dung dch NH4NO2 bo ho
Cu 30: C 4 dung dch ring bit: CuSO4, ZnCl2, FeCl3, AgNO3. Nhng vo mi dung dch mt thanh
Ni. S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 1
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
Cu 31: Thu phn este Z trong mi trng axit thu c hai cht hu c X v Y (MX < MY). Bng
mt phn ng c th chuyn ho X thnh Y. Cht Z khng th l
A. metyl propionat
B. metyl axetat
C. etyl axetat
D. vinyl axetat
Cu 32: Tng s hp cht hu c no, n chc, mch h, c cng cng thc phn t C5H10O2, phn
ng c vi dung dch NaOH nhng khng c phn ng trng bc l
A. 4
B. 5
C. 8
D. 9

Cu 33: Ho tan hon ton 2,45 gam hn hp X gm hai kim loi kim th vo 200 ml dung dch HCl
1,25M, thu c dung dch Y cha cc cht tan c nng mol bng nhau. Hai kim loi trong X l
A. Mg v Ca
B. Be v Mg
C. Mg v Sr
D. Be v Ca
Gii

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Nu axit va : M =

2,45
= 19,6
0,125

(A + B)/2 = 19,6 loi

Vy d axit.
Y c nng mol/l ca cc cht bng nhau nn: nA = nB = nHCl (d)
2x + 2x + x = 0,25
x = 0,05
=> A + B = 2,45/0,05 = 49
=> A l Be, B l Ca

Cu 34: Cho cc cn bng sau

(1) 2HI (k) H2 (k) + I2 (k) ;
(II) CaCO3 (r) CaO (r) + CO2 (k) ;
(III) FeO (r) + CO (k) Fe (r) + CO2 (k) ;
(IV) 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k) 2SO3 (k)
Khi gim p sut ca h, s cn bng b chuyn dch theo chiu nghch l
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 1
Cu 35: Cho s chuyn ho :
+ H 3 PO4
+ KOH
+ KOH
P2O5
X
Y
Z
Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l :
A. K3PO4, K2HPO4, KH2PO4
B. KH2PO4, K2HPO4, K3PO4
C. K3PO4, KH2PO4, K2HPO4
D. KH2PO4, K3PO4, K2HPO4
Cu 36: t chy hon ton m gam FeS2 bng mt lng O2 va , thu c kh X. Hp th ht X
vo 1 lt dung dch cha Ba(OH)2 0,15M v KOH 0,1M, thu c dung dch Y v 21,7 gam kt ta.
Cho Y vo dung dch NaOH, thy xut hin thm kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 23,2
B. 12,6
C. 18,0
D. 24,0
Gii
nBa2+ = 0,15 mol ;
nOH- = 0,4 mol ;
nBaSO3 = 0,1 mol
BaSO3 + H2O (1)
SO2 + Ba(OH)2
0,1
0,1
0,1 mol
HSO3SO2 + OH
0,2
0,2
mol
nSO2 = 0,3 mol
=> nFeS2 = 0,15 mol => m = 120.0,15 = 18g
Cu 37: Cho s chuyn ho sau
0

+ H 2 ,t
xt,t
+Z
C2 H 2
X
Y
Cao su buna N
Pd,PbCO3
t 0 ,xt,p

Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l :
A. benzen; xiclohexan; amoniac
C. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; stiren

B. axetanehit; ancol etylic; buta-1,3-ien

D. vinylaxetilen; buta-1,3-ien; acrilonitrin

Cu 38: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp X gm 2 ancol (u no, a chc, mch h, c cng s
nhm -OH) cn va V lt kh O2, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 va 12,6 gam H2O (cc th tch kh o
ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 14,56
B. 15,68
C. 11,20
D. 4,48

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Gii
3n + 1 x
CnH2n + 2 x(OH)x +
O2
nCO2 + (n + 1)H2O
2
0,5
0,7 mol
=>
n = 2,5
=> mt ancol c 2C trong phn t. Suy ra x = 2
3.2,5 + 1 2 0,5
x
x 22,4 = 14,56 lt
V=
2
2,5
Cu 39: Hn hp X gm alanin v axit glutamic. Cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch
NaOH (d), thu c dung dch Y cha (m+30,8) gam mui. Mt khc, nu cho m gam X tc dng
hon ton vi dung dch HCl, thu c dung dch Z cha (m+36,5) gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 112,2
B. 165,6
C. 123,8
D. 171,0
Gii
nX = nHCl = 1 mol
Gi x l s mol ca alanin, 1 x l s mol ca glutamic
89x + 147(1 x) = m
111x + 191(1-x) = m + 30,8

x = 0,6 mol

m = 0,6.89 +147.0,4 = 112,2g
Cu 40: Trong cc cht : xiclopropan, benzen, stiren, metyl acrylat, vinyl axetat, imetyl ete, s cht
c kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l
A. 5
B. 4
C. 6
D. 3
II. PHN RING [ 10 cu ]
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Khi un C2H5Br vi dung dch KOH ch thu c etilen
B. Dung dch phenol lm phenolphtalein khng mu chuyn thnh mu hng
C. Dy cc cht : C2H5Cl, C2H5Br, C2H5I c nhit si tng dn t tri sang phi
D. un ancol etylic 1400C (xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c imetyl ete
Cu 42: Cho cc cp cht vi t l s mol tng ng nh sau :
(b) Sn v Zn (2:1)
(c) Zn v Cu (1:1)
(a) Fe3SO4 v Cu (1:1)
(e) FeCl2 v Cu (2:1)
(g) FeCl3 v Cu (1:1)
(d) Fe2(SO4) v Cu (1:1)
S cp cht tan hon ton trong mt lng du dung dch HCl long nng l
A. 4
B. 2
C. 3
D. 5
Cu 43: C bao nhiu cht hu c mch h dng iu ch 4-metylpentan-2-ol ch bng phn ng
cng H2 (xc tc Ni, t0)?
A. 3
B. 5
C. 2
D. 4
Cu 44: Hn hp M gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u n chc, s mol X gp hai ln s mol Y) v
este Z c to ra t X v Y. Cho mt lng M tc dng va vi dung dch cha 0,2 mol NaOH,
to ra 16,4 gam mui v 8,05 gam ancol. Cng thc ca X v Y l
A. HCOOH v CH3OH
B. CH3COOH v CH3OH
D. CH3COOH v C2H5OH
C. HCOOH v C3H7OH
Gii
nRCOONa = nNaOH = 0,2 mol

R + 67 = 16,4/0,2 = 82

R = 15
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X l CH3COOH
Gi s mol ca Y l a th s mol ca X l 2a, ca Z l b.
S mol ca mui: 2a + b = 0,2.
S mol ca Y sau phn ng vi NaOH: a + b
a + b < 0,2
MY > 8,05/0,2 = 40,25
=> Y khng phi l CH3OH
Cu 45: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Ca2+, Na+, HCO3 v Cl , trong s mol ca ion Cl l 0,1. Cho
1/2 dung dch X phn ng vi dung dch NaOH (d), thu c 2 gam kt ta. Cho 1/2 dung dch X cn
li phn ng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c 3 gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu un si n cn dung
dch X th thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 9,21
B. 9,26
C. 8,79
D. 7.47
Gii
X + Ca(OH)2 d c 3 gam kt ta suy ra nHCO3- trong X = 0,03.2 = 0,06 mol
X + NaOH d c 2 g kt ta suy ra nCa2+ trong X = 0,02.2 = 0,04 mol

nNa+ = 0,06 + 0,1 0,04.2 = 0,08 mol
CO32- + CO2 + H2O
Khi un si: 2HCO3-
0,06
0,03
0,03 0,03 mol
m = 0,04.40 + 0,08.23 + 0,1.35,5 + 0,03.60 = 8,79g
Cu 46: Hn hp X gm CuO v Fe2O3. Ho tan hon ton 44 gam X bng dung dch HCl (d), sau
phn ng thu c dung dch cha 85,25 gam mui. Mt khc, nu kh hon ton 22 gam X bng CO
(d), cho hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng li t t qua dung dch Ba(OH)2 (d) th thu c m gam
kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 76,755
B. 73,875
C. 147,750
D. 78,875
Gii
Gi s mol ca CuO l x, Fe2O3 l y
80x + 160y = 44
135x + 162,5.2y = 85,25
x = 0,15, y = 0,2
nBaCO3 = nCO2 = 0,15/2 + 0,2.3/2 = 0,375 mol
m = 0,375.197 = 73,875g
Cu 47: Cho mt s nhn nh v nguyn nhn gy nhim mi trng khng kh nh sau :
(1) Do hot ng ca ni la
(2) Do kh thi cng nghip, kh thi sinh hot
(3) Do kh thi t cc phng tin giao thng
(4) Do kh sinh ra t qu trnh quang hp cy xanh
(5) Do nng cao ca cc ion kim loi : Pb2+, Hg2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ trong cc ngun nc
Nhng nhn nh ng l :
A. (1), (2), (3)
B. (2), (3), (5)
C. (1), (2), (4)
D. (2), (3), (4)
Cu 48: Thu phn hon ton 1 mol pentapeptit X, thu c 2 mol glyxin (Gly), 1 mol alanin (Ala), 1
mol valin (Val) v 1 mol Phenylalanin (Phe). Thu phn khng hon ton X thu c ipeptit Val-Phe
v tripeptit Gly-Ala-Val nhng khng thu c ipeptit Gly-Gly. Cht X c cng thc l
A. Gly-Phe-Gly-Ala-Val
B. Gly-Ala-Val-Val-Phe
C. Gly-Ala-Val-Phe-Gly
D. Val-Phe-Gly-Ala-Gly

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Cu 49: Hn hp bt X gm Cu, Zn. t chy hon ton m gam X trong oxi (d), thu c 40,3 gam
hn hp gm CuO v ZnO. Mt khc, nu cho 0,25 mol X phn ng vi mt lng d dung dch KOH
long nng, th thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca Cu trong X l
A. 19,81%
B. 29,72%
C. 39,63%
D. 59,44%
Gii
nZn = nH2 = 0,15 mol
0,1.64
100 = 39,63%
%mCu =
6,4 + 0,15.65
Tha d kin: t chy hon ton m gam X trong oxi (d), thu c 40,3 gam hn hp gm
CuO v ZnO ???
Cu 50: Cho cc cht : (1) axit picric; (2) cumen; (3) xiclohexanol; (4) 1,2-ihiroxi-4-metylbenzen;
(5) 4-metylphenol; (6) -naphtol. Cc cht thuc loi phenol l:
A. (1), (3), (5), (6)
B. (1), (2), (4), (6)
C. (1), (2), (4), (5)
D. (1), (4), (5), (6)
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51: Cho 0,3 mol bt Cu v 0,6 mol Fe(NO3)2 vo dung dch cha 0,9 mol H2SO4 (long). Sau khi
cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 6,72
B. 8,96
C. 4,48
D. 10,08
Gii
nH+ 0,9.2 = 1,8 mol
nNO3- = 0,6.2 = 1,2 mol ;
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3-
2NO
0,3
0,8
0,2 mol
2+
+
NO + 3Fe3+ + 2H2O
3Fe + 4H + NO3
0,6
0,8 mol
0,2 mol
V = (0,2 + 0,2).22,4 = 8,96 lt
Cu 52: Pht biu no sau y khng ng ?
A. Trong mi trng kim, mui Cr(III) c tnh kh v b cc cht oxi ho mnh chuyn thnh
mui Cr(VI).
B. Do Pb2+/Pb ng trc 2H+/H2 trong dy in ho nn Pb d dng phn ng vi dung dch
HCl long ngui, gii phng kh H2.
C. CuO nung nng khi tc dng vi NH3 hoc CO, u thu c Cu
D. Ag khng phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 long nhng phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 c
nng.
Cu 53: Dung dch axit fomic 0,007M c pH = 3. Kt lun no sau y khng ng?
A. Khi pha lang 10 ln dung dch trn th thu c dung dch c pH = 4.
B. in li ca axit fomic s gim khi thm dung dch HCl.
C. Khi pha lang dung dch trn th in li ca axit fomic tng.
D. in li ca axit fomic trong dung dch trn l 14,29%.
Cu 54: Hp cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t C5H10O. Cht X khng phn ng vi Na,
tha mn s chuyn ha sau:
+ CH 3COOH
+ H2
X
Y

Este c mi mui chn.

H 2 SO4 , ac
Ni ,t 0
Tn ca X l
A. pentanal
C. 2,2 imetylpropanal.

B. 2 metylbutanal
D. 3 metylbutanal.

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Cu 55: nh gi s nhim kim loi nng trong nc thi ca mt nh my, ngi ta ly mt t

nc, c c ri thm dung dch Na2S vo thy xut hin kt ta mu vng. Hin tng trn chng t
nc thi b nhim bi ion
A. Fe2+.
B. Cu2+.
C. Pb2+.
D. Cd2+.
+ H 2O
+ Br2
+ CuO
Cu 56: Cho s phn ng: Stiren
X
Y
Z
H + ,t 0
t0
H+
Trong X, Y, Z u l cc sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, C6H5COCH2Br.
B. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, C6H5CH2COOH.
C. C6H5CH2CH2OH, C6H5CH2CHO, m-BrC6H4CH2COOH
D. C6H5CHOHCH3, C6H5COCH3, m-BrC6H4COCH3.

Cu 57: Trung ha han tan 8,88 gam mt amin (bc mt, mch cacbon khng phn nhnh) bng axit
HCl, to ra 17,64 gam mui. Amin c cng thc l
A. H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2.
B. CH3CH2CH2NH2.
D. H2NCH2CH2CH2NH2.
C. H2NCH2CH2NH2
Gii
17,64 8,88
= 0,24 mol
nHCl =
36,5
amin: R(NH2)x
8,88 x
= 37 x
M=
0,24
Chn x = 2 => M = 74 => R = 42 l C3H6
H2NCH2CH2CH2NH2
Cu 58: Cho s chuyn ha:
Fe3O4 + dung dch HI (d) X + Y + H2O
Bit X v Y l sn phm cui cng ca qu trnh chuyn ha. Cc cht X v Y l
A. Fe v I2.
B. FeI3 v FeI2.
C. FeI2 v I2.
D. FeI3 v I2.
Cu 59: t chy han tan m gam hn hp X gm ba ancol (n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng),
thu c 8,96 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 11,7 gam H2O. Mt khc, nu un nng m gam X vi H2SO4 c th
tng khi lng ete ti a thu c l
A. 7,85 gam.
B. 7,40 gam.
C. 6,50 gam.
D. 5,60 gam.
Gii
nH2O = 0,65 mol
nCO2 = 0,4 mol ;
nCO2 < nH2O suy ra ancol no n chc: CnH2n + 1OH.
T s mol CO2 v s mol nc tm c n = 1,6
nX = nH2O nCO2 = 0,25 mol
S mol ete = s mol ancol = 0,125 mol
Ete: (CnH2n + 1)2O
hay
C2nH4n + 2O
m = 0,125(28.1,6 +18) = 7,85g
Cu 60: Cht X c cc c im sau: phn t c nhiu nhm OH, c v ngt, ha tan Cu(OH)2 nhit
thng, phn t c lin kt glicozit, lm mt mu nc brom. Cht X l
A. xenluloz
B. mantoz
C. glucoz
D. saccaroz

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