G codes

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There are four main types of information you need to enter into the computer:

Types of information
Information Mechanical The mechanical actions required. Direction The direction of each movement. Dimensions The distance each movement travels. Example Turning on the spindle or the vacuum pump. Code M codes (machine functions) eg M93, M06 Cartesian (rectangular) co-ordinates expressed as axes (X,Y,Z) Expressed as millimetres and contain a decimal point eg X345.67 G codes (preparatory functions) eg G01, G02, G03, G00

Movement left or right, back or forward, up and down.

Appears after every axis designation

Movements A straight line, clockwise and The way movements take place. anti-clockwise curves and rapid feed.

In this section we will look at Movements. There are many possible programmable movements using a CNC machine. Generally, they are either linear (straight line) or rotary (circular). G codes are used to determine the way movements take place. Below is a sample list of G codes. You can also find a more detailed list of G codes here. G code G00 G01 G02 G03 G04 G09 G17 G18 G19 G28 G40 G41 G42 07 00 02 00 01 Group Function Rapid positioning Linear interpolation (straight line) Circular interpolation CW (clockwise) Circular interpolation CCW (counter clockwise) Dwell Exact stop check XY plane selection XZ plane selection YZ plane selection Return to reference point Cutter compensation cancel Cutter compensation left Cutter compensation right

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G codes

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G43 G44 G49 G61 G62 G64 G90 G91 G92 03 00 15 08

Tool length compensation + direction Tool length compensation direction Tool length compensation cancel Exact stop check mode Automatic corner over-ride effective Cutting mode Absolute programming Incremental programming Programming of absolute zero point

Each G code has three characters, so usually G1 must be expressed as G01. However, newer controllers will accept two characters such as G0, G1, G2, G3.

No two codes from the same group can be used on the same program line. For example, the codes G90 and G91 are for identifying absolute and incremental measurements and only one type can be selected. One code tells the computer to measure from a fixed point (G90, absolute) and the other code tells the computer to measure from the tool's current position (G91, incremental).

Whether using absolute or incremental modes, it is necessary to begin each program cycle with the table and carriage in the home (or zero) position on the CNC machine.

G codes may differ on each CNC machine. It is vital that you become familiar with the list specific to the machine you are working with. Below is a brief explanation of each group G00 to G03 G04 and G09 G17 to G19 G28 G40 to G42 G43, G44 and G49 G61 and G64 G90 and G91 G92 tool movement codes pause codes plane selection codes a return code used at the end of program tool radius codes tool length codes allow for continuous or stop each line movement identify absolute and incremental measurements will set a zero or start point

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G codes

http://westone.wa.gov.au/toolbox8/furniture/toolbox/shared/resource...

You should always refer to your machine manual as G codes may vary on different machines.

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