by the kinematic viscosity value at 40 C The LTVR can be seen as a simplified index of change of kinematic viscosity with temperature

compared to the viscosity index (VI) which is commonly determined by measuring the viscosity at 40 C and 100 C by means of an equation given in standards such as ASTM D2270. The low-temperature viscosity behavior of biodiesel, its components, related fatty materials and blends of fatty compounds, as well as blends with petrodiesel were investigated. A variety of fatty esters was studied neat and in blends with petrodiesel. Table 3 gives low-temperature kinematic viscosity data of petrodiesel and biodiesel fuels. Table 4 gives kinematic viscosity data for common fatty acid methyl

LTVR =0 40
esters, methyl decanoate (C10:0), methyl laurate (C12:0), methyl myristoleate (C14:1), methyl palmitoleate (C16:1), methyl oleate (C18:1), methyl linoleate (C18:2), methyl linolenate (C18:3), methyl ricinoleate (C18:1, 12OH) as well as, for comparison purposes, two alcohols (1-decanol and oleyl alcohol), as well as a triacylglycerol (triolein). The blends showed a behavior closer to that of petrodiesel than of biodiesel or its neat components. Esters with shorter fatty acid chains, but longer alcohol moieties display somewhat lower viscosities than esters with longer fatty acid chains and shorter alcohol moieties. Saturated esters with high melting points have only little influence