Exercises

(11.26)) and evaluate the Curie constant and temperature. Hence find the effective number of Bohr magnetons per atom. Atomic weight 58.7, density 8850 kg m-3.

285

r("c) 500 600 't00 800 900 x, 105 38.4 19.5 15 10.6 9.73

The energy levels ofa free electron gas in the presence of an applied magnetic field are shown in Fig. I I .32 for absolute zero temperafure. The relative numbers of electrons with spins

ll.l0.

11.7. An alloy of copper and cobalt consists of spherical precipitates, averaging l0nm diameter, ofpure cobalt in a matrix of pure copper. The precipitates form 2 per cent by volume of the alloy. Cobalt is ferromagnetic, with safuration magnetization of 1.4 MA m l. Each cobalt precipitare is a single domain, and acts as a strong dipote, which responds to
a paramagnetic dipole. The effect is called 'superparamagnetism'. Calculate the susceptibility of the alloy at 300 K.

'up'and 'down'will adjust so that the energies are equal at the Fermi level. Show that the paramagnetic susceptibility is given by the approximate expression

X*:

p2^p.oZ{EF)

where p.,n is the magnetic moment of a fiee electron. 46 the free space permeabilify, and Z(Ee) the density of states at the Fermi level. Assume that p*1t6H z11. Ee.

any external field as

s
E IJ

[Hint: The total magnetic moment of each precipitate

is

"l
Spin

level

cqual to the product of magnetic moment density (saruration magnetization) r'ith the volume of the precipitate.] 11.8. A system of electron spins is placed in a magnetic field B :2T at a temperature f . The number of spins parallel to thc magnetic field is twice as large as the number of antiparallel spins. Determine f .

'up'

D :nsitv ol st

11.9.

frequencies rvould you expect to obsen'e resonance. (ii) proton spin resonance?

In a maqnetic flux densiw of 0.1 T at about $,har (i) electron spin

Fig. 11.32

4t,"p,fl