MN HNH PLASMA 1. PHNG PHP TI T O H NH NH CA CC LOI M N HNH: V cc mu c bn, trong cc t i liu m thut c in thng cp n ba mu c bn vng, , xanh lam.

. Mu hp vi m u vng s to ra m u da cam, mu xanh v i to ra m u tm, mu vng v i xanh to ra xanh l. Tip tc t cc mu trn, ph i hp vi nhau s ra c tt c cc m u khc. Tuy nhin, h 3 mu c bn ca m thut c in ng y nay t ra c nhiu nhc im trong cc ng dng k thut. Th nht, vi mi ln phi hp m u, mu thu c thng b xn i, gy kh khn trong vic ti to li nhng m u sc ti nh xanh l m, vng chanh..., v nhc im quan trng nht, khi chng ba m u c bn vng, , xanh lam vi cng ging nhau l n nhau th khng thu c mu en h on ton. Y u im ny khin cho h mu , vng, xanh lam by gi ch cn tn ti trong sch v, v hu nh khng c mt ng dng k thut thc t n o. Thay vo , ngy nay c hai h mu c s dng rt ph bin l h mu RGB v h mu CMYK. C s xy dng nn hai h mu c bn ny da trn nguyn l ph i mu pht x v phi mu hp th ca nh sng.

Minh ho nguy n tc phi m u c in

V hai nguyn l ph i mu trn, c n ni qua v c ch mt cm nhn m u. Mu sc m mt cm nhn c ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng chiu ti mt. Bc sng ca nh sng chiu ti mt li ph thuc v o bn cht ngun sng. C hai lo i ngun sng, l ngu n sng s cp v ngun sng th cp. Ngun sng s cp l cc ngu n sng c k h nng t pht ra sng nh sng, c n ngun sng th cp l ngun sng pht ra nh sng bng cch phn x li nh sng t ngun sng s cp. Khi quan st mt ngun sng s cp, mu sc m mt ngi quan st c chnh l mu c a nh sng m ngun sng pht ra, cn khi quan st ngu n sng th cp, mu sc quan st c l mu m ngu n sng th cp khng c kh nng hp th t ngun sng s cp. V d: khi quan st nh sng pht ra t n led, chng ta c cm nhn mu th nh sng t n led pht ra c bc sng nm trong v ng nh sng . C n khi quan st m t tm bng mu , ta c cm nhn mu bi tm bng hp th hu ht cc bc sng khc (xanh, tm, v ng...) t ngun sng s cp, ch c mu l khng h p th c v truyn n mt chng ta. Mu sc ca ngun sng s cp lun khng i, c n mu s c ca ngun sng th cp li thay i ph thuc v o mu s c ca ngun sng s cp. Chiu sng ngun sng th cp bng cc ngun sng s cp c m u khc nhau s thu c nh sng th cp khc nhau. Phi mu pht x l hnh th c phi m u s dng cho cc ngun sng s cp, cn phi mu hp th l hnh th c phi m u s dng cho cc ngun sng th cp. Chng khc nhau c b n: c ch ca phi m u pht x l cng mu, cn c ch ca phi mu hp th l tr mu. C th kim chng iu n y mt cch n gin: theo nh ngha, nh sng trng l tng ho ca v s nh sng n sc c mu sc khc nhau, c bc sng t 0.4 n 0.7um. Tuy nhi n, chng ta ch c th thu c nh sng trng nu chiu cc ch m sng ch ng ln nhau (cc chm sng c pht ra t cc ngun sng s cp), cn nu chng cc m u sc ln nhau b ng cch t chng l n mt t giy, tt nhi n s chng bao gi nhn c mu trng, m ngc li, c n ra mu en. L do l qu trnh t mu s c ln t gi y khng ph i qu trnh tng hp cc mu, m ngc li, l qu trnh loi tr cc m u. Khi o i tr ht tt c cc mu th r rng ch cn mu en.

Minh ho nguy n tc phi m u pht x Phi mu pht x c s dng trong cc thit b pht ra nh sng nh cc loi n, cc loi mn hnh. Cc nh sng c mu khc nha u, khi chi u chng l n nhau s to ra nh sng c m u sc khc. Ba mu c bn ca c ch phi mu pht x trong cc mn hnh l mu , xanh lam v xanh l (RGB). Theo hnh trn, s kt hp mu sc c v hi l: mu cng m u xanh l l i ra m u vng ? C n ch , nguyn l ph i mu pht x ch ng khi c quan st trc tip t cc ngun sng s cp nh mn h nh, n, cn khi quan st qu trnh ph i mu trn gi y hoc tr n mn chiu, th c cht chng ta ang quan st mt ngun sng th cp n n hin nhin nguyn l ph i mu pht x trng kh v l. Tng ho ca ba mu c bn trong phi mu pht x l mu tr ng.

Minh ho nguy n tc phi m u hp th Phi mu hp th c s dng trong cc ng dng m con ngi phi quan st cc ngu n sng th cp, nh in bo, v tranh... Nguy n l ca phi m u hp th l tr mu. Lp vt liu s hp th tt c cc m u sc, ngoi tr mu , nn chng ta nhn c mu . Phi m u hp th da trn 4 mu c bn: CMYK: v ng, xanh l, hng, en. V l thuyt, ch cn ba mu vng, xanh l, hng l c th to ra di mu kh trung th c. Sau n y, trong k thut in n, mu en c thm vo c th iu chnh mt cch chi tit h n sng ti ca m u. C th thy ng dng ca h mu CMYK trong cc my in mu: chng ch c 4 hp mc, tng ng vi 4 mu ny c th in ra tt c cc m u sc ca bc tranh. Nh vy, c ch phi mu trong cc mn hnh l c ch phi m u pht x , da trn ba mu c bn l mu , xanh lam, xanh l. Da tr n ba mu ny, mn hnh c th ti to li gn nh ton b di mu sc m mt ngi cm nhn c. l v mu sc, cn yu t th hai ca h nh nh l sng, s c iu chnh bi mt n nn.

 ti to li h nh nh, phng php ph bin nht hin nay l hin th h nh nh da v o bn ma trn im nh. Theo ph ng php ny, mt khung h nh s c chia ra l m v s cc im nh nh. Cc im nh c dng hnh vung, c kch thc rt nh. Kch thc thc ca mt im nh l : 0.01x0.01 (cm). Tuy nhin kch thc thc n y phn ln ch c ngha l thuyt, v hu nh chng ta t khi quan st c cc im nh ti kch th c thc ca chng, mt phn do ch ng qu b, mt phn do kch thc quan st ca im nh ph thuc v o phn gii: vi cng mt din tch hin th, phn gii (s l ng im nh) c ng ln th kch thc quan st c ca chng cng b. Kch thc ca mt khung h nh c cho bi s lng im nh theo chiu ngang v s lng im nh theo chiu dc. V d kch thc khung h nh 1600x1200 (pixel) c ngh a khung h nh s c hin b bi 1600 im nh theo chiu ngang v 1200 im nh theo chiu dc. Nhiu ng i lm tng gi tr 1600x1200 trn chnh l phn gii ca h nh nh. Thc cht, gi tr v s lng pixel ch mang ngha kch th c (image dimension), c n phn gii (resolution) c cho bi s lng im nh hin th tr n din tch mt inch vung. phn gii c ng cao, hnh nh c hin th s cng nt. phn gii t n gi tr phn gii thc khi m mt pixel c hin th vi ng kch th c thc ca n (kch thc thc ca pixel c ly sao cho mt khong cch nht nh, pixel c nhn di mt gc xp x b ng nng sut phn li ca mt ngi). Nu phn gii b h n gi tr phn gii thc, mt ng i s c cm gic hnh nh b sn, khng nt. Nu phn gii cao h n phn gii thc, tr n l thuyt, nt v chi tit ca h nh nh s tng l n, tuy nhin thc s mt ngi khng c m nhn c hon ton s khc bit n y. Mt ngi cm nhn h nh nh da vo hai yu t, mu sc v sng (chi) ca h nh nh. Mn hnh mun hin th c hnh nh th cng phi ti to li c hai yu t th gic n y ca hnh nh. V mu sc, mt ngi c kh nng cm nhn h n 4 t sc mu khc nhau, trong c mt ph m u khong hn 30 triu mu c cm nhn r rt nht. Mun ti to li hnh nh chn thc, mn hnh hin th cn phi c kh nng hin th t nht l khong 16 triu m u. Bnh th ng, khi mun to ra mt m u sc, ngi ta s dng k thut lc m u t nh sng trng, mi b lc mu s cho ra mt m u. Tuy nhin, vi kch thc v c ng b c a im nh, vic t 16 triu b lc m u trc mt im nh l gn nh v vng. Chnh v th, hin th m u sc mt cch n gin nhng vn cung cp kh y di m u, ngi ta s dng phng php phi hp mu t cc mu c bn. H cc mu c bn phi tho m n iu kin ti to c mt ph mu rng t cc m u thnh ph n, v cc mu thnh ph n, khi c tng hp vi c ng t l phi to ra mt trong hai m u s cp l mu en (loi tr ca tt c mu sc) hoc m u trng (tng ho ca tt c m u sc). 2. S LC LCH S M N HNH PLASMA

n nay, chic tivi u ti n Man ra i c gn 80 nm huynh Cuc dieu khien nhng hu ht tivi u c quang ch to t c ng mt cng ngh s dng bng n hnh hay cn gi l ng tia cath ode (CRT). n h nh l mt ng Day Catot dot Cap ban thu tinh ln h nh ph u c Cap ban thang dung rt ht khng kh, bn trong c nam ngang Anot mt sng bn ra tia in t v cc b phn li tia. Tia in t l dng cc h t electron mang in m. Khi i n b mt n hnh, cc in t p v o lp pht -pho lm cho chng pht sng. Hnh nh c to n n bng cch cho tia in t qut ht m n hnh v i tc rt nhanh, chiu sng ln lt cc v ng khc nhau c ph cc lp pht -pho to mu khc nhau c a n hnh. n hnh to ra hnh nh sc nt v mu sc rc r nhng chng cng c nhng im yu ca chng. n hnh th ng to v nng. Mun tng kch thc mn nh, phi tng d i ca ng h nh tia in t c th qut ht b mt n hnh. K t qu l tivi ng hnh loi ln cc k nng v cng knh, c khi cho n ht khng gian ca c mt cn ph ng. S ra i ca m n hnh Plasma gip gi i quyt c vn tr n Mn hnh ph ng plasma c cc chuy n gia nghin c u thuc i hc Illinois (M ) pht minh t nm 1964. Hin nay, n ch yu c trang b cho TV c ln (trn 37 inch). Bn trong mn hnh plasma l cc nh nm gia hai tm knh cha kh neon v xenon. H n hp kh ny tng tc vi dng in v chuyn thnh th plasma (kh c s lng ht mang in m v dng tng ng nhau), sinh ra tia c c tm kch thch phosphor s n sinh nh sng. Mn hnh plasma c Slottow v Bitzer cng b vo nm 1964. Weber gia nh p ngnh cng nghi p ny khi cn l sinh vin c a hai nh khoa hc trn t cui thp ni n 60. Trong nh l tm nn plasma s khai, kch c 1 x 1 inch (hng mi t n tr) c gn vi mt h thng chn khng ph c tp.

Nm 1967: k s Don Bitzer v Gene Slottow t i i hc Illinois pht trin Tm nn plasma v c trao gii Industrial Research 100 gii thng tn vinh nhng pht minh quan trng nht ca nm.

Nm 1986: H ng AT&T (M ) gp cng ln trong vic ci tin mn hnh plasma. H sn xut m n hnh 3 in cc u ti n v cng ngh ny c p dng cho tt c cc sn phm plasma hin nay.

Nm 1986: Weber gi i thiu mch duy tr nng lng m ng pht trin ti i hc Illinois . Mch ny vn c a vo mn h nh mu hi n nay, gip ti t kim in ln n 150 watt.

Nm 1967: Tm nn mu u tin l mt sn phm m phng c i hc Illinois gi i thiu. Bn mi nm qua, mn hnh plasma vn p dng phng php sn sinh mu tng t.

y l mt trong nhng tm nn plasma l n nht, ch h tr mu en v da cam, c cng ty Photonics gii thiu nm 1987.

Thng 12/1995, Larry Weber (gia) sp nhp cng ty ca ng Plasmaco vo Matsushita. Hng in t Nht mun s hu cng ngh to tng phn cao do Weber pht minh

Weber bn mn hnh plasma 60inch do Panasonic pht tri n

Mn hnh plasma cong c a nh sn xut Shinoda - Nht Bn c kch thc 145inch (3x2m) c ghp t 6 m n hnh plasma vung kch th c 1x1m. 3. CU TO M N HNH PLASMA:

Mn hnh plasma g m :

Hai tm knh c b dy khong 3 mm (mt trc v sau) t song song, cch nhau kho ng 100 m cha kh him (th ng l hn hp Xe -Ne hay Xe-Ne-He) c kh nng pht ra pho ton cc tm UV. tng kh nng chu nhit v bin dng, trong qu tr nh sn xut cc tm knh c nung n 600 0C, gn n nhit nng chy ca thy tinh. gia hai tm knh l cc im nh, mi im nh c ba phng in c lp. Cc phng in c ngn cch nhau bng cc th nh in mi c t tr n tm thy tinh c cc in cc a ch. Cc th nh ny c cao 100 200 m, b dy kho ng 50 m. Trc kia thng dng c u trc thnh song song nhng xu hng hin nay l khp kn phng in v c hai hng tng kh nng hp th photon UV. C nhiu cu trc th nh khc nhau c a ra nh cu trc WAFFLE, c u trc DelTA, ch thp

Song song

WAFFLE

ch thp

Delta

Cc cu trc thnh in mi

 Mt lp phosphor c ph bn trong m i phng in c nhim v bin i photon UV pht x t Xe thnh nh sng kh kin c mu l mt trong ba m u c bn : , xanh lam v xanh lc. Lp phosphor ny phi c hiu sut lng t cao, h s phn x thp i vi photon UV v cao i vi nh sng kh kin. Cc lp phosphor n y c b dy kho ng 20 30 m. Cc vt liu phosphor c s dng thng l :

Cu trc ca mi phng in plasma

+ BaMgAl 10O: Eu2+ (BAM) cho mu xanh dng + Zn2SiO4: Mn2+ cho mu xanh l c + (YGd)BO 3:Eu3+ v Y2O3: Eu3+ cho mu . H thng cc in cc c sp xp u n tr n mi tm knh v c bao bc bng mt lp in mi c b dy khong 20 40 m. + Cc in cc nm st tm knh pha mt sau y mi phng in c gi l in cc a ch. in cc a ch c lm bng kim loi, c b rng khong 80 m + Cc in cc nm st tm knh pha tr c c gi l in cc hin th hay in cc duy tr . Cc in cc hin th c lm bng vt liu dn in trong sut ITO ( Indium- Tin - Oxid ) cho php nh sng t o ra t cc im nh c th i xuy n qua v pht ra ngoi. Tuy nhin v dng nh trong AC PDP l rt cao, dn ca ITO khng do cc in cc ph nh bng kim loi c b rng nh h n (cn c gi l in cc bus) c p vo nh mi in cc ITO. Cu c dn in tt nhng kh nng kt dnh vi oxid km n n thng s dng in cc bus l Cr/Cu/Cr, in cc ny cng cho php nh sng truyn qua. Mt lp MgO c b dy khong 500 nm c ph l n lp in mi ca tm knh c cc in cc hin th bo v lp in mi khi hin t ng phn x v MgO kh bn vi hin tng phn x, ng thi cung cp mt l ng ln electon pht x th cp di s tc ng ca cc ion l m gim in th nh thng. Hn hp kh him c s dng thng l Xe Ne. H s pht x th cp ca MgO di tc dng ca ion Ne rt ln v vy Ne ng vai tr ch yu trong vic gim in th nh thng ca phng in v c dng nh mt kh m. C n

Xe ng vai tr chnh l pht x tia t ngoi. Khi tng nng Xe th kh nng pht x photon UV tng, tuy nhi n in th nh thng cng tng theo. V vy nng Xe ch v o khong 3-10%. 4. NGUYN TC HOT NG CA M N HNH PLASMA: Qu trnh pht sng c a mt phng in Trong iu kin b nh thng cc nguy n t kh trong mt phng in trng thi trung ha. T ng in tch dng v m ca nguyn t bng nhau. Khi in th t vo cc in cc ca mt t n in th nh thng, xy ra hin t ng phng in. Trong hn hp kh xy ra qu tr nh kch thch v ion ha cc nguyn t kh tr thnh cc nguyn t kch thch v ion => t o thnh plasma. ng thi cng xy ra qu tr nh ti h p in t lm gim nng cc ht mang in v pht ra photon. Do qu trnh phng in ch xy ra trong mt thi gian rt ngn n n sau mt thi gian, plasma s khng c n. duy tr plasma v qu trnh pht x photon UV, mt in th duy tr c s dng qu t rnh phng in tip tc xy ra.

S qu tr nh pht sng c a mt Vai tr ch yu ca Ne l to cc ion Ne + khi p vo lp MgO sinh ra hin tng pht x th cp l m gim th phng. Cc trng thi kch thch c a Ne trong qu trnh ti h p cng pht ra photon, nhng l nh sng nhn thy v lm mt tinh khit ca nh sng do pht ra. Vai tr c a Xe l pht ra cc photon UV t cc trng thi kch thch Xe ( 3P1, 3P2 ) S n gin cc mc nng lng ca nguyn t v phn t Xe

v phn t kch thch Xe 2*. Cc phn ng c biu din mt cch tm tt theo s sau :
e
Ion ha
+

+
Kch thch

Xe

Xe

Kch thch Xe**

Va chm + Ne, Xe 3 ht

+e

Ti hp phn ly Xe* Va chm + Ne, 3 ht Xe

Xe( P2)

Xe2

+e Ti hp phn ly

Xe( P1) h 147 nm

Xe*2* h 150 nm 173 nm

S cc phn ng xy ra trong hn hp kh Xe -Ne Cc phn ng ca Xe trong qu tr nh pht ra photon UV : e + Xe e + Xe *(3P1,3P2) e + Xe e + Xe ** e + Xe e + e + Xe + Xe+ + Xe + Ne Xe2+ +Ne Xe+ + Xe + Xe Xe2+ + Xe Xe2+ + e Xe *(3P1,3P2) + Xe Xe** Xe *(3P1,3P2) + h (823 nm) Xe* + Xe + Xe Xe2* + Xe Xe*+ Xe + Ne Xe2* + Ne Xe* Xe + h ( 147 nm )

Xe2* 2Xe + h (173 nm, 150 nm) Cc photon UV do Xenon pht ra c b c sng l 147 nm, 150 nm v 173 nm. Ngoi ra cn c b c sng 823 nm nm trong v ng hng ngoi D khong thi gian ca xung in c to ra khi xy ra hin t ng phng in rt ngn, v o kho ng vi vi trm ns, thi gian pht photon UV v o c vi s do thi gian s ng ca cc trng thi kch thch ca Xe t ng i bn. th sau biu din cng photon UV do Xenon bc x theo thi gian

Cng tia UV pht ra theo thi gian ca hn hp kh Xe(10%) - Ne Lp phosphor trong s hp th cc photon UV c pht ra, chuyn l n trng thi kch thch v pht ra nh sng nhn thy khi tr v trng thi ban u. Mu ca mt im nh Ba phng in ca mt pixel pht sng c lp v cng lc. B ng cch thay i cng d ng in ch y qua cc phng in khc nhau trong mt im nh, ngi ta thay i c cng nh sng c a cc m u. Do v y s tng hp ca ba mu c bn vi cng khc nhau s to ra bt k mu no mong mun.

Mu ca mt im nh

Cc im nh pht sng li n tip nhau vi tc rt nhanh t o cm gic m n hnh pht sng lin t c v to ra hnh nh. iu khin qu tr nh phng in ca mt . C hai lo i mn hnh plasma xoay chi u l ACC v ACM c c u to tng i ging nhau v ch khc nhau cch b tr cc in cc ). + Cu trc ACC : M i phng in c xc nh bng ba in cc: hai in cc song song nm tm knh pha tr c v mt in cc vung gc nm tm knh pha sau. + Cu trc ACM : Tr n mi tm knh l mt dy cc in cc song song cch u. Cc d y in cc hai tm knh c t vung gc nhau. S phng in xy ra ti ni giao nhau ca in cc h ng v c t, do mi phng in s c xc nh bng hai in cc.

Cu hnh cc in cc trong cu trc ACC v ACM

Cu trc m n hnh plasma ACC v ACM

S gn a ch mt trong cu trc ACM th t ng i n gin. Th duy tr AC, V s c p lin t c vo in cc d ng v ct. Bin ca th duy tr phi nh hn th nh thng (th mi) ca mt phng in. chnh v trng thi hot ng th xung vi t phi c p v o gia dng v c t ca c chn nh hnh v. Bin ca xung th p n y phi ln hn th nh thng ca . S phng in pht sng c in th duy tr v in th nh thng hnh thnh v nhanh chng b ca hn hp kh Xe -Ne bin mt v n np in cho lp in mi to th ngang qua cht kh i khng vi th ngang ca in cc. Kt thc xung vit n y in tch tr n b mt lp in mi tr n mi in cc l Q v +Q. Ti thi im bt u na chu k u ca th duy tr , mt xu ng phng in mi c bt u. Trong nh ng mn hnh plasma mu ACM c ch to trong nhng nm 1900, hn hp kh l Xe(10%) Ne ti p sut gia 500 600 torr v chi u di vng kh l 100 m. rng lp MgO trn b mt lp in mi l 500 nm. Th duy tr vo kho ng 150V v th vit t 200500 V. Vi nhng iu kin nh vy th thi gian xung in tc ng l 2050 ns. Sau khi tc ng xung vit th s phn b in tch b mt lp in mi l (-Q,+Q), sau xung duy tr u tin th s phn b in tch b mt lp in mi l (+Q,-Q)Trong trng hp l tng trng thi n y c thit lp ngay khi cung cp xung vit. iu n y c th xy ra nu th vit c chn la cn thn. Mt khc b mt in tch to ra trng thi n nh n y sau mt vi xung duy tr. Ch rng in tch truyn qua trong sut xung vit l Q trong khi in tch truyn qua trong sut xung duy tr l 2Q. S xa nhn c bi s p mt xung th nh hn th duy tr v in tch chuyn qua sut xung n y l Q thay v 2Q. Sau xung xa in tch trn b mt ti im bt u na chu k k tip l 0. Xung th vit, duy tr v xa c th d dng c chn nu bit in th chuyn qua

ng cong ca . Nhng ng cong n y v nh ng iu kin n nh ca nhng trng thi duy tr c phn tch bi Slottow v cu trc ACM.

V tr cc in cc trong cu trc ACC

in th t vo cc in cc theo th i gian

S gn a ch v o mt theo cu trc ACC th phc tp hn. Cu trc ACC c xc nh bi ba in cc thay v hai in cc nh cu trc ACM. Khi ACC trng thi hot ng, mt chui cc xung in xut hin gia hai in cc duy tr (X v Y) bi v th AC vung gc li n tc c p vo gia cc phn ca in cc duy tr. Cng nh trong trng hp ca ACM, bin ca th duy tr phi nh hn th nh thng ca . in cc th 3 (i n cc A) trn bn pha sau c gi l in cc a ch v c dng trng thi hot ng hay khng hat ng.

Xung duy tr

Xung vit

Xung xa

Hnh 1 bi u din trng thi ban u khi khng l m vic, in th ti cc in cc bng khng nn khng c plasma trong phng i n. Hnh 2 l qu trnh phng in vit, in th duy tr AC c p vo in cc duy tr , mt in th c p vo in cc a ch sao cho hiu in th gia in cc n y vi mt trong hai in cc duy tr ln hn in th nh thng, h nh thnh plasma trong phng in, Hnh 3 l sau khi phng in vit, cc in tch c hnh thnh v n m tr n b mt ca in cc a ch ( -Q) v m t trong hai in cc duy tr (+Q). Hnh 4 v hnh 5 biu din qu trnh duy tr plasma trong phng in do in th AC ca in cc duy tr, trng thi n nh i n tch b mt pha tr n lp in mi bao ph mi in cc l +Q v aQ i vi in cc duy tr v (1-a)Q i vi in cc a ch. Trong a l h s nm trong khong [0;1]. Gi tr ca h s n y ph thuc v o in dung tng i gia plasma v mi in cc. Hnh 6 l qu trnh phng in xo, mt in th cao c p v o tt c cc in cc, kh tt c cc in tch tr n thnh in mi, plasma trong phng in bin mt .

5. U NHC IM CA M N HNH PLASMA u im: Ch to mng hnh c kch th c ln nhng rt mng Tit kim in nng: 0,39 watt/inch vung Gc nhn r t rng, t khong 170 0 Cho hnh nh p, sc nt , hin th tng mu en tt hn LCD Khng b nhiu t nh mn h nh CRT Thi gian p ng tt hn LCD Nhc im: Tng i nng so vi LCD Khng c nhi u kch c, nht l cc mn hnh kch c nh (di 32 inch) Tui th trung b nh khong 3000 gi tng ng khong 10 nm s dng phn gii thp hn mn h nh LCD

6. GII THIU MT S M N HNH CNG NGH MI

OLED - cng ngh diode pht sng hu c

Mn hnh OLED ca Sony OLED, cn c gi l LEP (Light Emitting Polymer) ho c OEL (Organic Electro-Luminescence), s dng hp cht hu c sn sinh nh sng khi tng tc vi dng in. Hp cht ny c in theo h ng ngang v d c ln mt lp polymer, hnh thnh ma tr n pixel vi nhng m u sc khc nhau. OLED gip tit kim ti 40% in nng, mng v c phn gii m u cao, OLED cn c gc nhn r ng v thi gian phn ng nhanh (0,01 phn triu giy so vi 8 -12 phn triu giy ca LCD), im yu ca OLED l cht hu c s b thoi ha trong qu tr nh s dng nn tui th sn phm khng d i, ch khong 14.000 gi

SED - k thut pht x in t dn b mt

Mn hnh OLED ca Sony Nguyn l ho t ng ca cng ngh SED (Surface -conduction Electron-emitter Display) gi ng mn hnh CRT. Nh ng thay v dng ng cathode c ng knh pha sau phng tia in t ti cc pixel, SED s dng nhng b truyn electron nh c gn ngay sau mi im nh. Nh SED mng h n LCD v plasma trong khi tha hng gc nh n rng, tng phn, phn gii m u v th i gian phn n g ca CRT (0,2 ph n triu giy). SED c n tiu th t in nng hn mn h nh tinh th lng. LCoS - tinh th lng silicon

Mu TV LCoS ca JVC
LCoS (Liquid cr ystal on silicon) ang c ng dng trong m n hnh my chi u. K thut n y mang n hnh nh sc nt hn LCD v plasma cng nh c tim nng ln trong vic sn xut TV phn gii cao vi cht l ng ng n v chi ph sn xut khng t .

TV laser - mn hnh chi u sng bng laser

M hnh TV laser ca Mitsubishi TV laser l gi i php ci tin cho LCD, DLP (my chiu) v LCoS. Ba cng ngh ny i hi ngun sng ri ng v s dng bng n pht nh sng trng, sau mi tch thnh chm sng , xanh lc v xanh lam. TV laser thay th bng n bng tia laser, cho php h thng hin th gn nh tt c cc m u m m t thng nhn thy c. N cng s dng in nng ch bng 2/3 TV my chiu tr c (rear projection) trong khi gi c , trng lng v mng gim mt na so vi plasma v LCD. TV laser c th cung cp s lng mu nhi u gp i vi thit k mng h n, nh hn v tiu th t in nng hn. D on m n hnh tinh th lng (LCD) s tip tc thng tr th phn kch c nh, nh ng TV laser s thay th TV plasma cho cc kch c t 40 inch tr l n. Tuy nhin, TV laser c cho l c hi cho mt v cn c trang b cc b lc khuch tn nh sng gim nguy c. D c nhc n t 1966, ph ng php ny vn cha t c cht lng nh mong i. Mn hnh LED (Light Emitting Diode) : Mn hnh diode pht quang Cng ngh LED gip m n hnh sng v ti t kim in, cho di mu rng hn, hnh nh sn g v sc nt hn. Gi thnh sn xut ln l mt trong nhng nguy n nhn chnh khi n cng ngh LED n nay vn ch a ph bin tr n th trng. Ngi s dng phi b ra s tin gp 2 hoc 3 ln c c chic TV LCD c chiu sng nn bng cng ngh n y, so vi chi ph s hu mt chic thng th ng.

Di y l bc tng dng hng ngn pin nng l ng mt tri to n n mt h thng cc tm knh m n hnh LED v trn m i ny s n cha mt my tnh iu khin pha sau.

mn hnh LED n cho s kin trng i Olympic Bc Kinh 2008 Nhng cng ngh m n hnh ang c th nghim ng nano carbon ng dng ng nano carbon v o mn hnh tinh th lng l mt trong nhng gii php ha hn s gim chi ph sn xut, tng phn gii v cht lng hnh nh cho thit b. Cng ngh n y cng ging m h nh CRT, nh ng s dng tp hp ng nano thay th cho c c dng ngun sng truyn thng nh bng n hoc diode pht quang phn chiu h nh nh ln mn hnh. Ngun sng trong m n hnh hi n nay kh tn km, nh n nn trong TV LCD 37 inch chi m 38% chi ph sn xut sn phm v tng ln 50% trong mn h nh 40 inch. ng nano r hn, dn in tt hn kim loi, c th pht sng v gim mc in nng tiu th. Mn hnh tinh th nano Mt cng ngh m n hnh khc c ng ang c nghi n cu pht trin l Nanocrystal Display, s dng c robot iu khin cc lng k nh nh khi c nh sng trng chiu xuyn qua chng. Sau , nh ng tia sng n y s c phn tch v sn sinh m u trn mn hnh.

Ngi ta c th thu c tn s nh sng c th bng cch xoay h nh lng tr. Tinh th nano rt linh hot, un cong theo mu n v chi ph s n xut c th s thp hn mn h nh tinh th lng v mn hnh plasma.