SEMINAR PRESENTATION

ON EMBEDDED ETHERNET
BY: T.V.G.K SHASTRI

ETHERNET

Ethernet is a local area technology, which is used for reliable and efficient transfer and access of information across the devices connected to the network. Once a device is attached to the network, it will have the ability to communicate with any other attached device. This allows the network to expand to accommodate new devices without requiring any modification to those devices already on the network

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

An embedded system is a device that has computer intelligence and is dedicated to perform a single task, or a group of related tasks. Embedded systems often perform monitoring and control functions such as gathering and reporting sensor readings or controlling motors and switches. Theyre called embedded systems because the program code is an integral part of, or embedded in, the devices.

EMBEDDED ETHERNET

Embedded Ethernet is defined as a "single-chip implementation of the Ethernet networking standard." Simply , by putting embedding Ethernet onto a device, it has the capability to communicate via Ethernet without using a computer. We can setup a device with a web server and interact with much of its functionality though a webpage. Instead of needing to physically walk by a machine to check its status signaled by a blinking light or loud buzzard, the device itself can communicate its status directly to us

WHY EMBEDDED ETHERNET

In case of embedded applications, the lightweight protocols like SPI, I2C and UART would not add the capability of controlling standalone device from any remote place. An embedded system can host a Web site, send and receive e-mail, upload and download files, and exchange information of any kind with other computers connected via a network interface.

That is when the need for adding an Ethernet interface to an embedded device is felt

EMBEDDED SYSTEM HARDWARE

EMBEDDED ETHERNET REQUIREMENTS

A COMPUTER WITH NETWORK CONNECTIVITY MAC ADDRESS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM HARDWARE & COMPUTERS NETWORK INTERFACE CARD FOR COMMUNICATION WITHIN NETWORK
TCP/IP OR SOFTWARE PROGRAM FOR COMMUNICATION

MICROCHIPS ENC28J60 I.C

FEATURES
Microchip's ENC28J60 is a 28-pin,stand alone Ethernet Controller with on board MAC, 8 Kbytes of Buffer RAM and an SPI serial interface & Supports Data Transfer up to 10 Mb/s

A MAC packet consists of a 7 byte preamble, 1 byte start of frame, a 6 byte MAC source address, 6 byte MAC destination address, 2 byte Type/Length packet, 46-1500 data bytes and a 4 byte checksum. The ENC28J60 will generate the preamble, SOF and CRC checksum, but the host must generate all the other sections and place them in the correct place within the ENC28J60's memory map.

SPECIAL FEATURES OF EN28CJ60

ENC28J60 INTERFACE BOARD

CONTINUED

A driver for the ENC28J60 needs to be written such that it will contain the following accessible functions:

1.

Write a packet on to the Ethernet h/w. Try to Read a packet from the MAC.

1.

CONTINUED

In ENC28J60 Network Interface(Link) Layer is present, that means Physical layer + MAC layer(comes inside Link layer), with this we can achieve physical connection and link detection.

For Application layer protocols like FTP, HTTP etc. TCP/IP stack should be ported to the embedded device.

EMBEDDED ETHERNET COMMUNICATION LAYERS

DATA RECEPTION

Data coming from the network through the cable will be stored in the Ethernet Buffer, this will be done by the firmware written on the ENC28J60. From the Ethernet Buffer we can read the data through the SPI pins of the ENC28J60 to the MICROCONTROLLER INTERFACE BOARD.

The following are API's used in the Source code:

enc28j60PacketReceive() - to receive packets enc28j60Write() - to write register values enc28j60SetBank() - to set the address bank enc28j60WriteOp() - to do the write operation enc28j60ReadOp() - to read the data from the buffer

DATA TRANSFER

For sending the data packets through the interface, the data should be written on Ethernet Buffer which is done by using the SPI. Then that data will be transmitted from the buffer through the network cable to the network, which is done by the firmware written on the ENC28J60 controller. The following are API's used in the Source code:

enc28j60PacketSend() - to send packets enc28j60Write() - to write register values enc28j60SetBank() - to set the address bank enc28j60WriteOp() - to do the write enc28j60WriteBuffer() - to write into the buffer

Wire shark

Wire shark is a software application which is used for network troubleshooting, protocol analysis and for communication protocol development. Wire shark displays all the packets it sends and receives and also shows sender IP address etc details associated with that protocol. This application can be used to test the Ethernet Interface Board

CONTINUED

Whenever a link is up that corresponding Network or PC will start sending an ARP request first to the board through Ethernet interface

and in reply an ARP and an IP packet is sent from the board and received which is shown in the above figure as the 3rd and 4th packets.
These ARP and IP packets are generated by The Code.

INTERNET CONTROL OVER EMBEDDED ETHERNET

uIP:AN OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE Data transfer over the network is achieved through the implementation of TCP/IP application layer. Porting TCP/IP stack on to our board is needed for the data transfer (using protocols like FTP (file transfer protocol), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer protocol). These are all implemented in TCP/IP application layer.

APPLICATIONS

REMOTELY CONTROLLED PRINTER

COFFEE MACHINE OPERATION FROM BROWSER REMOTELY

AUTOMATED PLANT WATERING STYSTEM

AVR WI-FI

CONCLUSION

An embedded system is a device that has computer intelligence and is dedicated for performing a single task, or a group of related tasks. Embedded systems often perform monitoring and control functions such as gathering and reporting sensor readings or controlling motors and switches. Theyre called embedded systems because the program code is an integral part of, or embedded in, the devices. Ethernet is the networking technology used in many offices and homes to enable computers to communicate and share resources. Many Ethernet networks also connect to a router that provides access to the Internet. But developments in technology and the marketplace now make it possible for embedded systems to communicate in local Ethernet networks as well as on the Internet. An embedded system can host a Web site, send and receive email, upload and download files, and exchange information of any kind with other computers connected via a network interface

RESOURCES
1. Embedded Ethernet & internet complete (pdf) by Jan Axelson 2. www.mycontrolledhome.eu 3. www.tuxgraphics.org 4.http://www.lantronix.com/resources/netw orking.html