Control de calidad con

First samples
0.5

Second sample
Calibration data in D[trial] New data in D[!trial]

0.4 Group summary statistics 0.3

UCL

UCL 0.2

Felipe de Mendiburu

0.1 LCL 0.0 LCL 1 4 7 11 15 19 Group 23 27 31 39 47 55 63 Group 71 79 87

cause.and.effect( cause=list(
Materiales=c("Materia prima defectuosa", "Defectos de armado", "Material escalibrado"), Mano.Obra=c("Falta de capacitacion", "Falta de compromiso"),Metodos=c("Inspeccion deficiente", "Falta de instruccion", "Diseo indadecuado"),Maquinas=c("Soldador inadecuado", "Patron desequilibrado")) , effect="Falla el termostado", title= " Diagrama de Causa - Efecto", cex = c(1.5, 0.9, 1.5), font = c(4,1,4))

Diagrama de Causa - Efecto

Materiales

Mano.Obra

Materia prima defectuosa

Falta de capacitacion

Defectos de armado

Falta de compromiso

Material descalibrado

Falla el termostado

Diseo indadecuado

Falta de instruccion

Patron desequilibrado

Inspeccion deficiente

Soldador inadecuado

Metodos

Maquinas

Argumentos de la

funcion

qqc()

x <- c(33.75, 33.05, 34, 33.8 , .) qcc(x, type="xbar.one")

xbar.one Chart for x
UCL 34.5 Group summary statistics 32.5 LCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 33.0 33.5 34.0

Number of groups = 15 Center = 33.52333 StdDev = 0.4261651

LCL = 32.24484 UCL = 34.80183

Number beyond limits = 0 Number violating runs = 0

Excel: pistones.xls

Text: pistones.txt

Copy Paste

En R: > pistones <- read.table(pistones.txt,header=T)

> qcc(diameter, type="xbar")

xbar Chart for diameter
73.990 73.995 74.000 74.005 74.010 74.015 74.020

UCL

Group summary statistics

LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 Group

Number of groups = 40 Center = 74.0036 StdDev = 0.009992449

LCL = 73.9902 UCL = 74.01701

Number beyond limits = 2 Number violating runs = 3

> qcc(diameter, type="xbar") Call: qcc(data = diameter, type = "xbar") xbar chart for diameter Summary of group statistics: Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. 73.99 74.00 74.00 74.00 74.01 Group sample size: 5 Number of groups: 40 Center of group statistics: 74.0036 Standard deviation: 0.00999245 Control limits: LCL UCL 73.9902 74.01701

Max. 74.02

Eliminando algunas observaciones para tener muestras con diferentes tamaos:

> salen <- c(9, 10, 30, 35, 45, 64, 65, 74, 75, 85, 99, 100)

Ordenes para hacer las cartas: > salen <- c(9, 10, 30, 35, 45, 64, 65, 74, 75, 85, 99, 100) > diameter <- qcc.groups(pistones$diameter[-salen], sample[salen]) > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar") > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="R") > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="S") > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", newdata=diameter[26:40,]) > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="R", newdata=diameter[26:40,]) > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="S", newdata=diameter[26:40,])

Otras ordenes: > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", newdata=diameter[26:40,], nsigmas=2) > qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", newdata=diameter[26:40,], confidence.level=0.99)

xbar Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

74.015 Group summary statistics 73.995 73.985 LCL 74.005

UCL

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

Group

Number of groups = 25 Center = 74.00075 StdDev = 0.01013948

LCL is variable UCL is variable

Number beyond limits = 0 Number violating runs = 0

R Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

0.05 Group summary statistics 0.00 0.01 LCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 0.02 0.03 0.04 UCL

Group

Number of groups = 25 Center = 0.02230088 StdDev = 0.01013948

LCL = 0 UCL is variable

Number beyond limits = 0 Number violating runs = 2

S Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

0.020 Group summary statistics 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015

UCL

LCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24

Group

Number of groups = 25 Center = 0.00938731 StdDev = 0.01013948

LCL = 0 UCL is variable

Number beyond limits = 0 Number violating runs = 1

xbar Chart for diameter[1:25, ] and diameter[26:40, ]

Calibration data in diameter[1:25, ] 74.02 New data in diameter[26:40, ]

UCL Group summary statistics 74.01 73.99 LCL 74.00

11

13

15

17

19

21

23

25

27

29

31

33

35

37

39

Group

Number of groups = 40 Center = 74.00075 StdDev = 0.01013948

LCL is variable UCL is variable

Number beyond limits = 3 Number violating runs = 1

R Chart for diameter[1:25, ] and diameter[26:40, ]

0.05 Calibration data in diameter[1:25, ] UCL New data in diameter[26:40, ]

Group summary statistics

0.00

0.01 LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39

0.02

0.03

0.04

Group

Number of groups = 40 Center = 0.02230088 StdDev = 0.01013948

LCL = 0 UCL is variable

Number beyond limits = 0 Number violating runs = 2

S Chart for diameter[1:25, ] and diameter[26:40, ]

Calibration data in diameter[1:25, ] New data in diameter[26:40, ]

0.020 Group summary statistics 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015

UCL

LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39

Group

Number of groups = 40 Center = 0.00938731 StdDev = 0.01013948

LCL = 0 UCL is variable

Number beyond limits = 0 Number violating runs = 1

ATRIBUTOS

p Chart for D[trial]

Group summary statistics

0.1 LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 Group 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

0.2

0.3

0.4

UCL

Number of groups = 30 Center = 0.2313333 StdDev = 0.421685

LCL = 0.05242755 UCL = 0.4102391

Number beyond limits = 2 Number violating runs = 0

p Chart for D[inc]

0.40 Group summary statistics 0.05 0.10 LCL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 13 15 Group 17 19 21 23 25 27 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 UCL

Number of groups = 28 Center = 0.215 StdDev = 0.4108223

LCL = 0.04070284 UCL = 0.3892972

Number beyond limits = 1 Number violating runs = 1

p Chart for D[inc] and D[!trial]

0.40 Calibration data in D[inc] UCL New data in D[!trial]

Group summary statistics

0.05

0.10 LCL 1 3 5 7 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

0.35

Group

Number of groups = 52 Center = 0.215 StdDev = 0.4108223

LCL = 0.04070284 UCL = 0.3892972

Number beyond limits = 2 Number violating runs = 2

> q1 <- qcc(D[inc], sizes=size[inc], type="c") >

c Chart for D[inc]
UCL 12 Group summary statistics 2 LCL 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 46 Group 48 50 52 55 57 59 0 4 6 8 10

Number of groups = 28 Center = 5.714286 StdDev = 2.390457

LCL = 0 UCL = 12.88566

Number beyond limits = 0 Number violating runs = 0

Carta U Datos de clase

> attach(datos) > qcc(Defectos,Unidades, type="u")

u Chart for Defectos
1.5 Group summary statistics 1.0 UCL 0.0 0.5 LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 Group 17 19 21 23 25 27 29

Number of groups = 30 Center = 0.4235925 StdDev = 2.594075

LCL is variable UCL is variable

Number beyond limits = 1 Number violating runs = 1

OC curves for xbar chart

1.0

n=5 n=1 n = 10 n = 15 n = 20

Prob. type II error

0.0 0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

Process shift (std.dev)

Error frequency 0 50 100 150 200 250 300

contact num.

price code

supplier code

Pareto Chart for defect

part num.

schedule date

0%

25%

50%

75% Cumulative Percentage

100%

q <- qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", nsigmas=3, plot=FALSE) process.capability(q, spec.limits=c(73.95,74.05))

Process Capability Analysis for diameter[1:25, ]
LSL Target USL

73.94

73.96

73.98

74.00

74.02

74.04

74.06

Number of obs = 125Target = 74 Center = 74.00305 LSL = 73.95 StdDev = 0.01171394USL = 74.05

Cp = 1.42 Cp_l = 1.51 Cp_u = 1.34 Cp_k = 1.34 Cpm = 1.38

Exp<LSL 0% Exp>USL 0% Obs<LSL 0% Obs>USL 0%

> q <- qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", nsigmas=3, plot=FALSE) > process.capability.sixpack(q, spec.limits=c(73.95,74.05))

Group summary statistics

73.990 74.010

UCL

xbar Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

Process Capability Analysis for diameter[1:25, ]

LSL Target USL

LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 14 17 20 23 73.94 74.00 74.06

Group Group summary statistics Sample Quantiles

0.00

LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 14 17 20 23

73.99 74.02 -2

UCL 0.03

R Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

Normal Q-Q Plot

0 1 2

Group

Theoretical Quantiles

Run chart
diameter[1:25, ] 73.99 74.02

Capability plot
Center = 74.00282 StdDev = 0.01142625 Target = 74 Process tolerance Cp = 1.46 Specification limits Cp_k = 1.38 Cpm = 1.42

10

15 Group

20

25 73.85 73.95 74.05

> q <- qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", nsigmas=3, plot=FALSE) > cusum(q)

Cusum Chart for diameter[1:25, ]
5 UDB

Cumulative Sum Below Target Above Target

-5

-4 LDB 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 13 Group 15 17 19 21 23 25

-3

-2

-1

Number of groups = 25 Target = 74.00282 StdDev = 0.01142625

Decision boundaries (std. err.) = 5 Shift detection (std. err.) = 1 No. of points beyond boundaries = 0

> q <- qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", nsigmas=3, plot=FALSE) > process.capability.sixpack(q, spec.limits=c(73.95,74.05))

Group summary statistics

73.990 74.010

UCL

xbar Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

Process Capability Analysis for diameter[1:25, ]

LSL Target USL

LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 14 17 20 23 73.94 74.00 74.06

Group Group summary statistics Sample Quantiles

0.00

LCL 1 3 5 7 9 11 14 17 20 23

73.99 74.02 -2

UCL 0.03

R Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

Normal Q-Q Plot

0 1 2

Group

Theoretical Quantiles

Run chart
diameter[1:25, ] 73.99 74.02

Capability plot
Center = 74.00282 StdDev = 0.01142625 Target = 74 Process tolerance Cp = 1.46 Specification limits Cp_k = 1.38 Cpm = 1.42

10

15 Group

20

25 73.85 73.95 74.05

> q <- qcc(diameter[1:25,], type="xbar", nsigmas=3, plot=FALSE)

> ewma(q, lambda=0.2)

EWMA Chart for diameter[1:25, ]

74.010 Group Summary Statistics 73.995 1 74.000 74.005

11

13 Group

15

17

19

21

23

25

Number of groups = 25 Target = 74.00282 StdDev = 0.01142625

Smoothing parameter = 0.2 Control limits at 3*sigma