Appendix H: Numerical Constants

e
Speed of light
c
Absolute zero
0K
Gravitational constant
Planck constant
h
Boltzmann constant
k
Avogadros number
Gas constant
R
Volume of gas at STP
Faraday
Electron volt
eV
Electronic charge
Electron rest mass
Atomic mass unit
Proton mass
Solar day
Sidereal day
Earths magnetic field
Earth mass
Mass of atmosphere, oceans, lakes/rivers
Earth mean density
Earth polar moment of inertia
Standard gravity
Equatorial gravity
Equatorial radius
Polar radius
Flattening
Surface area of earth, land
Mean height of continents, depth of oceans
Earths core mean radius, mass
Ratio sun mass to Earth mass
Ratio Earth mass to moon mass
Rotational velocity of Earth
Mean orbital velocity
Earth perihelion, aphelion
Ecliptic obliquity
Near-surface temperature gradient
Earths mean heat flow at surface
Mean surface temperature

3.141 592 653 589 793 238 462

2.718 281 828 459 045 235 360
2.997 92458 10 8 m/s
273.15 C
6.672 590 10 11 Nm2 /kg2
6.626 0755 10 34 joule second
1.380 658 10 23 joule/degree
6.022 1367 10 23 / mole
8.314 510 joule/mole degree
22.414 liter/mole
96 485.309 coulomb/g equivalent
1.602 177 331019 joule
1.602 177 33 10 19 coulomb
9.109 3897 10 31 kg
1.660 54021027 kg
1.672 6231 10 27 kg
86 400 s
86 164 s23 hr 56 min 4.09 s
50 000 nT
5.977 10 24 kg
5.1352 10 18 kg, 1.3510 21 kg, 5.010 17 kg
5.517 g/cm3
8.0376 10 37 kg m2
9.806 65 m/s2 32.1937 ft/s2
9.780 32 m/s2
6 378 139 m3963.34 mile
6.356 754 m3949.99 mile
1/298.25
5.10 10 14 m2, 1.48910 14 m2
623 m, 3795 m
3.47 10 6 m, 1.9010 24 kg
3.329 10 5
81.303
7.292 10 5 rad/s
29.77 km/s
January 3, July 4
2326
20 to 30 K/km
50 mW/m2
288.15 K

See Physics Today, Aug 1991, p. 1213

Normal atmospheric pressure

Speed of sound in air

1.013 25105 Pa
3.3145 m/s

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