TEMPERATURE PRESSURE AND DENSITY A. TEMPERATURE- degree of hotness and coldness of a body.

- measure of kinetic energy of the molecules of a body Thermometer-instrument used to measure temperature Units: 1. Kelvin (K) - standard unit - designed by Lord Kelvin (William Thompson) 2. Celsius or Centigrade (C) - developed by Anders Celsius in 1742 3. Fahrenheit (F) - developed by Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit in 1714 - used in the USA but not in many other countries TEMPERATURE SCALES Temperature Water Boils Water Freezes Normal Human Body Temperature Room Temperature Absolute Zero (the lowest temperature possible, when molecules have the lowest possible energy) Fahrenheit 212F 32F 98.6F 68F -459.69F Celsius 100C 0C 37C 20C -273.16C Kelvin 373K 273K 310K 293K 0K

CONVERSION FORMULAS Celsius to Fahrenheit (and Fahrenheit to Celsius): F = 1.8C + 32 or F =(9/5x C) + 32 Kelvin to Celsius (and Celsius to Kelvin): C = K - 273 K = C + 273 (Converting between Celsius and Kelvin is easy because the size of a degree Celsius is the same as the size of a kelvin.)

C= (F - 32)/1.8 or C = 5/9 (F - 32) (A degree Celsius is 1.8 times bigger than one degree Fahrenheit.)

WORDED PROBLEMS: Direction: Solve the ff. problems correctly and systematically. Use the above conversion formulas. Do this on a SPPCW. Copy and answer. Example: Room temperature is usually about 70F. Express the temperature in C. Given: Temp. in F = 70F Find: Temp. in C = ? C= (F - 32)/1.8 = (70-32) /1.8 = 38/1.8 = 21.1111111 or C = 21.11 1. Pure aspirin melts at 135C. Express this temperature in F. 2. Dry ice, carbon dioxide, sublimes (i.e., goes from a solid to a gas without melting) at -78.5C. Express this temperature in K. 3. The temperature on a cold winter day is 20F. Express this temperature in C. Prepared by: Mr. Jowell O. Oaa