Topic:

Immage Processing

Submitted To:
Sir Mr. Yaqoob sb.

Submitted By:
Faheem Ullah Riaz Hussian Asif Riaz Riaz Hussian (44) (15) (48) (09) Group leader

Haseeb ur Rahman (11) Taqeer Ahmad Naveed Altaf (17) (43)

Department Of Business Administration

BAHAUDDIN ZAKRIYA UNIVERSITY, MULTAN SUB CAMPUS D.G.KHAN

Smartphone
A smartphone is a mobile phone built on a mobile operating system, with more advanced computing capability and connectivity than a feature phone. The first smartphones combined the functions of a personal digital assistant (PDA) with a mobile phone. Later models added the functionality of portable media players, low-end compact digital cameras, pocket video cameras, and GPS navigation units to form one multi-use device. Many modern smartphones also include high-resolution touchscreens and web browsers that display standard web pages as well as mobile-optimized sites. High-speed data access is provided by Wi-Fi and mobile broadband. In recent years, the rapid development of mobile app markets and of mobile commerce have been drivers of smartphone adoption.

By operating system
2010 saw the rapid rise of the Google Android operating system from 4% of new deployments in 2009 to 33% at the beginning of 2011 making it share the top position with the since long dominating Symbian OS. The smaller rivals include Blackberry OS, iOS, Samsung's recently introduced Bada, HP's heir of Palm webOS and the Microsoft Windows Phone OS which is now supported by Nokia. In the UK, which currently has one of the highest penetrations of smartphones in the World, Android achieved 50% market share in October 2011. As of December 2012, the worldwide smartphone market had Android as its top operating system, counting on 68.3% of market share, followed by iOS with 18.8% and Blackberry with 4.7%. Forecasts show that by 2016 Windows Phone will overtake the third place, with 11.4% market share, while Android and iOS will remain in its previous positions, with 63.8% and 19.1% respectively.

Android

Android is an open-source platform founded in October 2003 by Andy Rubin and backed by Google, along with major hardware and software developers (such as Intel, HTC, ARM, Motorola and Samsung, to name a few), that form the Open Handset Alliance. The first phone to use Android was released in October 2008.It was called the HTC Dream and was branded for distribution by T-Mobile as the G1. The software suite included on the phone consists of integration with Google's proprietary applications, such as Maps, Calendar, and Gmail, and a full HTML web browser. Android supports the execution of native applications and a preemptive multitasking capability (in the form of services). Third-party free and paid apps are available via Google Play, which launched in October 2008 as Android Market.

Image Processing
Operating System
This device in Android based device having the Android Version 2.2.1 Froyo. Image processing on mobile phones is a new and exciting field with many challenges due to limited hardware and connectivity. Phones with cameras, powerful CPUs, and memory storage devices are becoming increasingly common. The need for benchmarking basic image processing routines such as: addition, convolution, thresholding and edge detection is important for comparison of systems. With this information developers and researchers can design complex computer vision and image processing applications while being aware of the current state of the art limitations and bottlenecks on mobile phones.

Background

Image Acquisition refers to the capturing of image data by a particular sensor or data repository. Once the image data is acquired, Pre-Processing often includes rendering the acquired data to a format that can be handled by a set of algorithms for Feature Extraction that transform sub- image data to information which are often in turn maintained over time to provide temporal information.

Features and applications

Display Screens on smartphones vary largely in both display size and display resolution. The most common screen sizes range from 3 inches to over 5 inches (measured diagonally). Some 6-8 inch screen devices exist that run on mobile OSes and have the ability to make phone calls, such as Huawei Ascend Mate, Asus Fonepad and Samsung Galaxy Note 8.0. Ergonomics arguments have been made that increasing screen sizes start to negatively impact usability Common resolutions for smartphone screens vary from 240320 (QVGA) pixels to 10801920 (Full HD), with flagship Android phones commonly sporting displays at or above 1280x720 (720p HD) and the iPhone 5 at 6401136.

Smartphone usage
For several years, the demand for smartphones has outpaced the rest of the mobile phone market. According to a 2012 survey, around half of the U.S. mobile consumers own smartphones and could account around 70% of all U.S. mobile devices by 2013. In the 2534 age range smartphone ownership is reported to be at 62%. NPD Group reports that the share of handset sales that were smartphones in Q3, 2011 reached 59% for consumers 18 and over in the U.S.

Goals
The goal of this project is to focus on Image Acquisition and Pre-Processing through implementing image addition, convolution, thresholding and edge detection on the HTC G1 mobile phone using the available Software Development Kit (SDK). Once these image processing routines are implemented the time it takes to perform these operations will be measured on various sample images (see Results and Appendix). Through this effort to quantify processing times for common routines in Image Processing, this information can be used to make decisions on the feasibility of implementing Feature Extraction and Tracking applications.

Architecture
Below in Figure is an overview of the software architecture that is divided into boxes that represent portions of code called an Activity. A specific activity communicates through an Intent, which are the lines relating each

activity in Figure 2. Inside each activity are functions that operate on each particular activity. See [6, 7] for definitions and more detail on these software components, Activity and Intent, which are the fundamental components of producing an Android application.