Power Control

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Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents
1. Power Control Overview 2. HWPower Control

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page2

Power Control Overview

Power control

Adjust the transmitting power of BTS and MS when needed. Based on measurement reports of BTS and MS

Purpose

Save the power of BTS and MS Reduce the interference of the network Increase the quality of the network

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page3

Power Control Overview

Power control includes uplink power control and downlink power control, Which are performed independently

Uplink power control: Adjust TX power of MS to let BTS receive

stable signal, reduce the uplink co-channel and adjacent channel interference, reduce power consumption of MS

Downlink power control: Adjust BTS TX power to let MS receive stable signal, reduce the downlink co-channel and adjacent channel interference, reduce power consumption of BTS

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page4

Power Control Overview

Process of power control commands

It takes 3 measurement report periods(480ms/period) from command sending to execution.

BTS sends the command for power control and TA in SACCH header.

SACCCH report period: 26X4=104 frames (480ms)

BTS receives the measurement report

SA0

SA1 SA2 SA3

SA0 SA1
MS adopts the new power level and TA

SA2 SA3 SA0

SA1 SA2 SA3

MS begins to send the measurement report of the last multi-frame.

In the 26 multi-frames, frame 12 sends SACCH.

MS obtains SACCH block

MS begins to set up a new SACCH header to report the new TA and power control message.

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Page5

Power Control Overview

Power control judgment

Power control judgment is controlled by BTS measurement report pre-processing item which can be selected in handover control data table

MR. Pre-process (measurement report pre-processing): This switch decide where power control be processed. If measurement report pre-processing is yes, power control is processed in BTS, and when setting it no, power control is

processed in BSC

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page6

Contents
1. Power Control Overview 2. HW Power Control

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page7

HW II Power Control

Original data of power control -- measurement report

Uplink MR

BTS

Network

Downlink measurement report

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Page8

HW II Power Control

Measurement report

Uplink measurement report

Downlink measurement report

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Page9

HW II Power Control

Measurement report pre-processing -- interpolation

Each measurement report has a serial number. When the serial numbers are discontinuous, this indicates that some measurement reports must be missed. In this case, the network will fill up the measurement report according to interpolation algorithm.
Consecutive measurement report flow

MR

MR

MR

MR

MR

Measurement report serial number n

Measurement report serial number n+4

3 missing measurement reports

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Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

HW II Power Control

Measurement report pre-processing -- filtering

Calculate average results of several consecutive measurement reports to obtain the current information, reduce the influence of some abnormal measurement reports for the judgment of power control.
Consecutive measurement report flow

MR MR

MR

MR MR

MR

Filter
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HW II Power Control

Power control judgment process

Measurement report preprocessing The power control demand according to the receiving level The power control demand according to receiving quality
General power control judgement

Send the power control command

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page12

HW II Power Control

Measurement report compensation

Purpose: Ensure the accuracy of selection of the history measurement report before filtering. Implementation steps:

1. Put the current receiving measurement report into the measurement report compensation queue.

2. Record the changed information of the transmitting power according to the MS and BTS power levels in the measurement report.
3. After finish the measurement report interpolation, system will compensate the receiving level of the history measurement report according to the power change information. The compensated measurement reports will be the original data in the filter process. 4. Filter the compensated measurement reports.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page13

HW II Power Control

Measurement report compensation

Power control effect diagram of measurement report compensation
70 60 50 Y axis 40 30
Power control diagram when there is no measurement report compensation

Diagram when there is no power control

Power control diagram when there is measurement report compensation

20
10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 X axis 0

The expected receiving signal level: 30 The power control will be more effective with measurement report compensation.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page14

HW II Power Control

Measurement report prediction

Purpose: Avoid power control later than needed, the delay is dangerous in case of poor level or bad quality

Implementation procedure

1. Analyze the tendency of MR by the historical measurement

reports after interpolation.

2. Guide by the tendency, to predict the values of measurement report to be received. There are 0~3 measurement reports prediction, which are configured on OMC.

3. Filter the interpolated, compensated and predicted

measurement reports, and implement power control judgment.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page15

HW II Power Control

Measurement report prediction

Diagram of power control effect comparison between prediction filter and mean filter

50 45 40 Y axis 35 30 25 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 X axis 15
No power control
Mean filter power control
Prediction filter power control

The expected receiving signal level: 30

The power control with prediction filter will be more effective than that with mean filter
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page16

HW II Power Control Implementation

Power control demand based on receiving level.

After measurement report pre-processing, the power control module makes a comparison between the expected signal level and the current receiving signal level.

Calculate the transmitting power level step size to be adjusted,

making the receiving level value closer to the expected value.

Adopt variable step size when adjusting the transmitting power according to the receiving level, so as to achieve the expected level as soon as possible.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page17

HW II Power Control Implementation

Power control demand based on receiving quality

After measurement report pre-processing, the power control module makes comparison between the expected quality level and the current receiving quality level.

Calculate the step size of the transmitting power level to be adjusted. Increase the transmitting power in case of poor receiving quality. Decrease the transmitting power in case of good receiving quality. Adopt fixed step size when adjust the transmitting power according to the receiving quality.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page18

HW II Power Control Implementation

General power control judgment

Power control by receiving level AdjStep_Lev AdjStep_Lev AdjStep_Lev AdjStep_Lev AdjStep_Lev AdjStep_Lev No action No action No action

Power control by receiving quality AdjStep_Qul AdjStep_Qul No action AdjStep_Qul AdjStep_Qul No action AdjStep_Qul AdjStep_Qul No action

Power control by signal level and quality max(AdjStep_Lev,AdjStep_Qul) No action AdjStep_Lev AdjStep_Lev max(AdjStep_Lev,AdjStep_Qul) AdjStep_Lev AdjStep_A AdjStep_B No action

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page19

HW II Power Control Feature

Adaptive power control:

Adaptive power control refers to changeable power control strategy according to the communication environment, it makes power control more effective and stable.

Automatically change the adjustable maximum step size of power control according to different communication environment (different receiving quality).

Adopt different power control strategies according to different communication environments (different receiving quality and level).

Max. step is different between increase and decrease.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page20

HW II Power Control Feature

Power control within the upper/lower thresholds

As for HW II power control in case of calculating power control step size according to signal level and quality, the signal level and quality have upper/lower thresholds. Power control will not execute if the signal level and quality is within

the threshold bands.

Avoid the signal level up-and-down caused by power control. The upper threshold can be increased dynamically in case of

bad quality.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page21

HW II Power Control Advantages

Measurement report compensation -- makes power control judgment more accurate

Measurement report prediction --to avoid power control later than needed, the delay is dangerous in case of poor level or bad quality

Power control expected signal level and quality threshold falls within a band, this avoids receiving signal level fluctuate up and down frequently

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page22

HW II Power Control Configuration

[HW II power control table] main parameters 1
Parameter name filter length for UL RX_LEV filter length for DL RX_LEV filter length for UL Qual. Meaning How many uplink measurement reports obtained for the average uplink signal level to be used for uplink power control adjustment. Value range 1~20 Recommended value 6

How many downlink measurement reports obtained for the average downlink signal level to be used for downlink power control adjustment. How many uplink measurement reports obtained for the average uplink quality level to be used for uplink power control adjustment. How many downlink measurement reports obtained for the average filter length downlink quality level to be used for downlink power control for DL Qual. adjustment. If yes, System put the currently received measurement report into the measurement report compensation queue, and record the MR transmitting power information according to MS and BTS power compensation values. And then interpolation, compensate the receiving level allowed value of the record measurement report according to the power change information. UL MR The number of uplink pred. MR in the filter using for power control number judgment. predicted DL MR The number of downlink pred. MR in the filter using for power number control judgment. predicted

1~20 1~20 1~20

6 6 6

Yes, no

Yes

0~3 reports 0~3 reports

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Page23

HW II Power Control Configuration

[HW II power control table] main parameters 2
Parameter name PC interval Meaning Time between two power control command implementation This parameter specifies the uplink signal level upper threshold. When the signal level higher than this value, calculate a power decrement [=receiving level - (upper threshold + lower threshold)/2]. This decrement value should consider together with the maximum step size allowed for different quality zone which the receiving signal quality located. This parameter specifies the uplink signal level lower threshold. When the signal level lower than this value, calculate a power increase [= (upper threshold + lower threshold)/2- receiving level]. This increase also consider together with the maximum step size allowed for different quality zone which the receiving signal quality located. This parameter specifies the uplink quality upper threshold. This parameter specifies the uplink quality lower threshold for power control Value range 1~30 (SACCH period) 0~63
(-110 dBm -47 dBm)

Recommended value 5

UL RX_LEV upper threshold

35

UL RX_LEV lower threshold UL Qual. upper threshold UL Qual. lower threshold

0~63
(-110 dBm -47 dBm)

25

Level 0~7 Level 0~7

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Page24

HW II Power Control Configuration

[HW II power control table] main parameters 3
Parameter name Meaning This parameter specifies the downlink signal level upper threshold. When the signal level higher than this value, calculate a power decrement [=receiving level (upper threshold + lower threshold)/2]. This decrement should consider together with the maximum step size allowed for different quality zone which the receiving signal quality located. This parameter specifies the downlink signal level lower threshold. When the signal level lower than this value, calculate a power increase [= (upper threshold + lower threshold)/2- receiving level]. This increase also consider together with the maximum step size allowed for different quality zone which the receiving signal quality located. This parameter specifies the downlink quality upper threshold for power control This parameter specifies the downlink quality lower threshold for power control Value range Recommended value

DL RX_LEV upper threshold

0~63
(-110 dBm -47 dBm)

40

DL EX_LEV lower threshold

0~63
(-110 dBm -47 dBm)

30

DL Qual. upper threshold DL Qual. lower threshold

Level 0~7

Level 0~7

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page25

HW II Power Control Configuration

[HW II power control table] main parameters 4
Parameter name MAX Down Adj. value Qual. zone 0 MAX Down Adj. value Qual. zone 1 MAX Down Adj. value Qual. zone 2 Meaning This parameter specifies the maximum downward power adjustment value when the Rx quality is 0. This parameter specifies the maximum downward power adjustment value when the Rx quality is 1 or 2 This parameter specifies the maximum downward power adjustment value when the Rx quality is equal to or more than 3. Value range 0~30dB Recommended value 16

0~30dB

0~30dB

MAX Down Adj. PC Value by Qual.

The adjustment step allowed for the downward power control due to receiving signal quality.

0~4dB

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page26

HW II Power Control Configuration

[HW II power control table] main parameters 5
Parameter name MAX Up Adj. PC Value by RX_LEV MAX Up Adj. PC Value by Qual. Meaning It is used to set the maximum adjustment step for upward power control by receive level. Value range 0~32dB Recommended value 16

It is used to set the maximum adjustment step for upward power control by receive quality. In uplink power control, when the receiving quality of uplink is not less than this start threshold, the actual "upper threshold of signal strength of uplink" will be added with "upper threshold offset of level when the receiving quality of uplink is poor" in the data configuration. Thus, the expected level in uplink power control can be increased furthermore. In uplink power control, when the receiving quality is not less than "start threshold when the receiving quality of uplink is poor", the actual "upper threshold of signal strength of uplink" will be added with this offset value.

0~32dB

UL Qual. Bad TrigThrsh

0~7

UL Qual. Bad UpLEVDiff

0~63dB

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page27

HW II Power Control Configuration

[HW II power control table] main parameters 6
Parameter name Meaning In downlink power control, when the receiving quality of downlink is not less than this start threshold, the actual "upper threshold of signal strength of downlink" will be added with "upper threshold offset of level when the receiving quality of downlink is poor" in the data configuration. Thus, the expected level in downlink power control can be increased furthermore. In downlink power control, when the receiving quality is not less than "start threshold when the receiving quality of downlink is poor", the actual "upper threshold of signal strength of downlink" will be added with this offset value. Value range Recommended value

DL Qual. Bad TrigThrsh

0~7

DL Qual. Bad UpLEVDiff

0~63dB

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page28

Exercise

Exercises for HW II power control

Given conditions:

The uplink receiving level is -55dBm, the quality is level 0. Power control algorithm is HW II.
Data configuration is as follows: Uplink signal level upper threshold: 60dBm, uplink signal level lower threshold: - 80dBm. Uplink signal upper quality threshold: level 1. Uplink signal lower quality threshold: level 2. The downward adjustable step size of quality band 0 is 16dB, of quality band 1 is 8dB, and of quality 2 is 4 dB. The upward adjustable step size of receiving level is 16dB. The upward or downward adjustable step size for power control by quality are both 4dB.

Question: What will be the uplink stable receiving level after power control?

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Page29

Exercise

Exercises for HW II power control

Answer.

First, transmitting power to be reduced according to receiving level =

actual receiving level -(uplink signal level upper threshold + uplink signal level lower threshold)/2 -55- (-60 + (-80))/2(-55)-(-70)15dB. As the receiving quality is level 0, downward adjustable step size of quality band 0

can be used -- decrease 16dB.

Second, the transmitting power to be decreased according to receiving quality = as power control adjustment step size by quality is 4dB, thus decrease 4dB.

Therefore, according to the general judgement on power control, 15dB should be decreased.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page30

Exercise

Exercises for HW II power control

Answer .

After the implementation of step 1 power control, the receiving level becomes: -55dBm-15dB= -70dBm, Suppose the quality reach already in level 1 here.

First: the receiving level value is between -80dBm~-60dBm,

neednt adjust.

Second: the receiving quality value is between 0 and 2, neednt adjust.

Therefore, the uplink stable receiving level =-70dBm.

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Page31

Thank you
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