Aguilera Demata Gavino Generalao

Luna Padua Ruda Torralba

Hypertension CONTENT High blood pressure (HBP) or hypertension means high pressure (tension) in the arteries. Arteries are vessels that carry blood from the pumping heart to all the tissues and organs of the body. Blood Pressure the product of cardiac output multiplied by peripheral resistance. Cardiac output the product of the heart rate multiplied by stroke volume 2 measurements: systole (contracting heart muscle), diastole (relaxation between beats) Classifications: Primary no underlying medical cause Secondary caused by other conditions Stages: Prehypertension = 120 139mmhg(systole) over 80 - 89mmhg (diastole) Stage 1 = 140 150 (systole) over 90 99mmhg (diastole) Stage 2 = 160 (sytole) over 100 (diastole) Viewed in 3 ways : (1) a sign, (2) risk for atherosclerosis and (3) a disease Factors leading to HBP Age Sodium (salt) sensitivity Race (African american) Alcohol use Heredity Lack of exercise Gender medications obesity Signs and symptoms A portion of people with HBP reports: headache tinnitus lightheadedness altered vision / fainting episodes vertigo Complications: stroke heart failure heart attack eye problems aneurysm embolism kidney failure Treatments: Medications: diuretics combined alpha and beta blockers aldosterone receptor blocker vasodilators beta blockers ace inhibitors alpha blockers angiotensin II receptors calcium channel blockers Nsg. Interventions: monitor BP suggest to reduce activity pulse quality (central&peripheral) help perform self-care activities as needed auscultation of heart & breath sounds back & neck massage skin color, moisture, temp and capillary refill relaxation techniques observe gen. edema give fluid restriction and sodium diet as indicated provide quiet and calm environment Prevention in 6 steps i. follow healthy eating habit ii. reduce salt in your diet iii. maintain healthy weight iv. being physically active v. limit alcohol intake vi. quit smoking