BACKBONE Or VETEBRAE

Backbone or vertebrae are the bones that form the irregular backs easily moved. there are 33 bones in the human spine, 5 of which are joined to form a part of sacral, and 4 bones form the tailbone (coccyx). Three parts on it consists of 24 bones are divided into 7 cervical spinal (neck), 12 thoracic spinal (thoracic or chest) and, 5 lumbar bones. The number of spinal abnormalities may occur. Abnormalities occur is the rare part of the neck. It all come together to form an axis that is not straight like a stick, but it's almost like the letter S. This S-shaped function dampen vibrations coming from all directions so that the body is not easy to collapse and damaged considering the function of the spine as the body axis.
The division of the human spine

The spine is also in charge of protecting the nervous system known as Bone Marrow Rear (spinal cord), which is the link between the peripheral nervous system that leads to the rest of the body to the central nervous system that is in the head. The bone marrow is also working to produce a reflex that is usually trained in the martial arts. Reflex is important in protecting organs from mechanical damage. Bone cervical, thoracic and lumbar remained divided until the age, but the sacral bone and koksigeus fused together to form two bones, and koksigeus sakum. Discus intervertebrale merupkan corpus coupling between the two vertebrae. Ligament forming the muscular system ranks the sequence (alignment) spinal vertebrae and allows mobility. The function of the vertebral column is supporting the human body in an upright position, which is actually against the mechanical effects of gravity to keep the body in balance to remain upright. Cervical vertebrae, thoracic, lumbar when considered with the other one there is a difference in size and shape, but if further review of bone has the same shape. The corpus vertebrae are the largest structures because given its function as a buffer weight.

The general structure

A backbone is composed of two parts namely the anterior body consisting of bones or vertebrae corpus, and bagianposterior consisting of arcus vertebrae. Vertebral arch formed by two "legs" or Pediculus and two lamina, and supported by the protrusion or procesus procesus articularis, procesus transverse and spinous procesus. Procesus formed a hole called the foramen vertebrale. As the backbone of organized, foramen will form a channel as tempatsumsum spine or spinal cord. In between the two backbones can be found a gap called the foramen intervertebrale. Cervical backbone In general, has the form of a small bone with a spine or spinous procesus (parts such as the rear wing on the bone) are short, except for the bone to-2 and 7 are short spinosusnya procesus. Are numbered in the order of C1-C7 (C of cervical), but some have special designations such as C1 or atlas, C2 or axis. All mammals have seven cervical spine, no matter how long his neck. The backbone of the thorax Procesus spinosusnya be associated with ribs. Some circular motion can occur. This section is also known as 'dorsal spine' in the human context. This section was numbered T1 to T12.

Diagram thorax spine Lumbar spine bone This section (L1-L5) is the most robust construction and bear the brunt of the others. This section allows the body flexion and extension, and some rotation motion with a small degree.

The backbone of the sacral There are 5 bones in this section (S1-S5). Bones come together and have no cracks or intervertebral discs of each other.

Sacrum visible from the front (a) and back (b) The backbone of the coccygeal There are 3 to 5 bones (CO1-CO5) that are joined and no gaps. Some animals have a bone coccyx or tailbone that much, then it is called the backbone of the caudal (tail mean caudal).