ARM Assembly Language Examples & Assembler

ARM Assembly Language Examples

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Example 1: C to ARM Assembler

C:
x = (a + b) - c;

Example 2: C to ARM Assembler

C:
y = a*(b+c);

ARM:
ADR LDR ADR LDR ADD ADR LDR SUB ADR STR
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ARM:
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; get address for a get value of a get address for b, reusing r4 get value of b compute a+b get address for c get value of c complete computation of x get address for x store value of x
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r4,a r0,[r4] r4,b r1,[r4] r3,r0,r1 r4,c r2,[r4] r3,r3,r2 r4,x r3,[r4]

ADR LDR ADR LDR ADD ADR LDR MUL ADR STR
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r4,b r0,[r4] r4,c r1,[r4] r2,r0,r1 r4,a r0,[r4] r2,r2,r0 r4,y r2,[r4]

; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;

get address for b get value of b get address for c get value of c compute partial result get address for a get value of a compute final value for y get address for y store y
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Example 3: C to ARM Assembler

C:
z = (a << 2) | (b & 15); ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; get address for get value of a perform shift get address for get value of b perform AND perform OR get address for store value for a C:

Example 4: Condition Codes

if (i == 0) { i = i +10; }

ARM:
ADR LDR MOV ADR LDR AND ORR ADR STR r4,a r0,[r4] r0,r0,LSL#2 r4,b r1,[r4] r1,r1,#15 r1,r0,r1 r4,z r1,[r4]

ARM:
z z

(assume i in R1)

SUBS ADDEQ

R1, R1, #0 R1, R1, #10

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Example 5: Condition Codes

C: for ( i = 0 ; i < 15 ; i++) { j = j + j; }

Example 6: if statement [1]

C:
if (a < b) { x = 5; y = c + d; } else x = c - d;

ARM:
; compute and test condition ADR r4,a ; get address for a LDR r0,[r4] ; get value of a ADR r4,b ; get address for b LDR r1,[r4] ; get value for b CMP r0,r1 ; compare a < b BGE fblock ; if a >= b, branch to false block

ARM:
start SUB CMP ADDLT ADDLT BLT R0, R0, R0 R0, #15 R1, R1, R1 R0, R0, #1 start ; i -> R0 and i = 0 ; is i < 15? ; j = j + j ; i++

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Example 6: if statement [2]

; true block MOV r0,#5 ADR r4,x STR r0,[r4] ADR r4,c LDR r0,[r4] ADR r4,d LDR r1,[r4] ADD r0,r0,r1 ADR r4,y STR r0,[r4] B after ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; generate value for x get address for x store x get address for c get value of c get address for d get value of d compute y get address for y store y branch around false block

Example 6: if statement [3]

; false block fblock ADR r4,c LDR r0,[r4] ADR r4,d LDR r1,[r4] SUB r0,r0,r1 ADR r4,x STR r0,[r4] after ... ; ; ; ; ; ; ; get address for c get value of c get address for d get value for d compute a-b get address for x store value of x

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Example 6: Heavy Conditional Instruction Use [1]

Example 6: Heavy Conditional Instruction Use [2]

ADRLT STRLT ADRLT LDRLT ADRLT LDRLT ADDLT ADRLT STRLT r4,x r0,[r4] r4,c r0,[r4] r4,d r1,[r4] r0,r0,r1 r4,y r0,[r4] ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; get address for store x get address for get value of c get address for get value of d compute y get address for store y x c d

Same C code; different ARM implementation ARM:

; Compute and test the condition ADR for LDR a ADR r4,a a r0,[r4] r4,b ; get address ; get value of ; get address

; false block ADRGE r4,c

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; get address for c

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Example 6: Heavy Conditional Instruction Use [3]

LDRGE ADRGE LDRGE SUBGE ADRGE STRGE r0,[r4] r4,d r1,[r4] r0,r0,r1 r4,x r0,[r4] ; ; ; ; ; ; get value of c get address for d get value for d compute a-b get address for x store value of x

ARM Assembler

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Assembly Language Basics

General Layout

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Simple Example Description

Assembly Directives

and memory type.

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sum1.s: Compute 1+2++n

AREA EXPORT ; r0 = ; r0 = sum1 MOV sum_loop ADD SUBS BNE sum_rtn MOV MOV END
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sum2.s: Compute 1+2++n

AREA EXPORT ; r0 = ; r0 = sum MLA MOV r1,r0,r0,r0 r0,r1,LSR#1 ; n*(n+1) = n*n + n ; divide by 2 SUM, CODE, READONLY sum input variable n output variable sum

SUM, CODE, READONLY sum1 input variable n output variable sum

r1,#0

; set sum = 0

r1,r1,r0 r0,r0,#1 sum_loop

; set sum = sum+n ; set n = n-1

sum_rtn MOV END

pc,lr

r0,r1 pc,lr

; set return value

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log.s: Compute k (n <= 2^k)

AREA EXPORT ; r0 = ; r0 = ; r1 = log MOV MOV log_loop TST ADDNE ADD MOVS BNE CMP MOVEQ log_rtn MOV
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LOG, CODE, READONLY log input variable n output variable m (0 by default) output variable k (n <= 2^k)

r2, #0 r1, #-1

; set m = 0 ; set k = -1

r0, #1 r2, r2, #1 r1, r1, #1 r0, r0, LSR #1 log_loop r2, #1 r0, #1

; ; ; ; ;

test LSB(n) == 1 set m = m+1 if true set k = k+1 set n = n>>1 continue if n != 0

; test m ==1 ; set m = 1 if true

pc,lr
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END