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AO l '125 M. i HecTpiMKHH, rrpopi3aHHH 6araTbOMa
npoeaAaMH ii rnopoKHMH AOAHHaMH. AeMKiBcbKi ropH
3aHMaIOTb rrpH KOpAOHHOMY Kpai KapnaT eiA cxoAy
KiaAHTY r opy 3 B.aceA.eM, 3aripHHCbKi eepxH, Tup.RB-
CbKi, BiAbxoseghKi, EiAoropcbKi, AiUIHHHCbKi yarip.a,
1!!.0 paaoM ai CTopoiKiBCbKHMH rop6oBHHaMH siHKOM
oKpymyIOTb CHHi!J,bKi 3eMAi. AaAbrne po3Ta6opHAHCb
KoMaH11aHCbKO Ayni<iBCbKi sucoKopieHi, 8uCA011aH-
CbKO- Mol!!aHe!JhKi sepxH, AYKAHHCbKi ropu, AiAH,
fy6HHi, fa6ypi,. KH11epH, (Ky11epH), Me-
pemKH. BiA 3ax0Ay cTop11HTb CTyAeHHH Bepx,
pHcTa ropa, eepx Tucoee, DAixHapcbKa BucoKa,
r OCTpHH eepx, Buco Ki ropH 3 EepeCTHM, AaJ\bllle
3HMHHH lllnHAb, BaneHHi ropH Ta CKaAbCbKi yarip.a
HaA pi11Ko10 CKaAKOIO.
KaprraTH - s aMoprnKOBHMH ropaMH ii CTOHTb
y 3B
7
.ff3KY 3 Be.l\HKOIO CHCTeMOlO 3MOpllIKOBHX rip,
a caMe a AAbrraMH ii BaAKaHOM.
3axiAHi KaprraTH THrHyTbCH BiA AyHaIO no norrpa,4
i TopHcy; 3.1\0iKeHi a nicKOBHKiB i AynaKis q>Airneaoro
xapaKTepy - Ha cxoAi no C.aH i A.a6opegh. Cepe4
blOCTpOaaRa lcTopl J\e11KIB1j!HBH 2
18
g1e1 cMyrH, M' JIKOi CBOiMH cpopMaMH, poaciJIHi aanH.R-
KOBi cKa..rngi, HaimeHi Ta rocTpi. Haii6iAhIII ix Ha.it
AyHaiigeM (OeHiHH e 3ax. BecKHAi 982 M. eHc.),
Ha.it PycbKHM noTOKOM (BHCOKi CKaAKH 1.052 M.
BHc.) i nonpa.itOM. Ha niBACHb Bi.it HH3bKOfO DCCKHAY
T.RrffCTbC.R cMyra BHracAHx eyAbKaHie, Op.RIIIiecbKO-
ToKaH:chKi KapnaTH (1.092 M. BHCOKi).
JJ.yxe zapHUii. numOMO JleMKiBCbKUii. KpaeBua
s OKOJ\Hgb ifS.erecToBa ifS.HBYll Ha ropi BHAHie AiM T-ea ,,Enapx. noyjq"
B iB.erecToei ifS.Hegi Ha T. sB. AonaTi.
AA.ff i;iepexo.ity KapnaTH - He aamKi1), 6araTo
npocMHKIB, TOMY KOMyHiKagiH:Hi BiAHOCHHH AOCHTb
.1to6pi.
Mim J!HMH ropaMH, piKa C.RH npopi3yeTbC.R cpi6HoIO
.ACHTOIO (npoaaaHHH - ,,cpi6HOJ\CHTHH CRH,") f!!O
1
) H. IlacTepHaK, Ruske Karpaty w archeologil, Dpara 1928.
19
6epe noqaTKH a KapnaT B OKOAHJ!HX MicTeqKa CH
HOK (CHHKH), a npHTOKOIO BHc.l\oKa, BHil.l\HBaioqoro
3 BHcAiqaHCbKHx sepxis, a Ma.l\HMH no6iqHHMH Tap-
qoio - a6o Mopasoio, no6iq aaripH a OcAaBoIO
i 6araTbOMa ripcbKHMH psyquMH noTiqKaMH; Aa.l\bllle
nAHBe BHcAoKa, BiAa, Pona, i:go paaoM nAHBYTb
a CHHOM AO BaATiHCbKoro MOpH. 3axiAHIO AeMKiB-
KaMillb ,, 'fopmuqa" na zopi Ilycmiii
KOJZO }l(etecmosa (1061 M). !Je qy40
-Oyiiaor .l\.eMKiBCbKOl npHpO;t;H; BHll!qe
KaMeBll neqepa pos6HiauKiB
,,l(iRBOllbCbKUii KaMiHb" na zopi
Hsopuni. KpHBHl&R 11\usegb (1116
M.) Oi4 KaMeaeM yKpaiHcbKi TYPHCTH.
.IgHHY npopiaye AYH86!Jb 3 nonpaAOM, i:go BHilJ\HBa6
.a niBAeHHboro 6oKy aaxiAHHx KapnaT.
3aKapnaTTH apolllye ai cxoAy Y iK a Y J\HqKoIO,
Bupasa, Aa6opegb a lliHpoKoIO, 0HAaBa i Tapqa
Ha noAyAHe. Yci KapnaTCbKi piKH i piqKH 6araTi
B pH6y. PycAa piK BHJ\OiKeHi T B ~ P A H M KaMiHHHM,
2*
20
sepHHCTHM niCKOM, igo HClA36TbCH AO scix 6yAiBeAb
HHX i TexHiqHHX po6iT. KapnaTChKi piKH nosupi3-
6AJOBID\H npOAOB.M{ BiKiB r.1rn60Ki KOpHTa, HKHX cna4
Ha npocTopi OAHOrO KiAbOMeTpa AOXOAHTb AO CTO
MeTpis. TaKa CTpiMKiCTb HctAa6TbC.R AO npHMiH10saHHJ1
CH.l\H BO.AH AO BHTBOpeHH.R BeAHKaHCbKOi eHeprii, igo
Hei M02KHa rHaTH BeJ\HqeH3i MaIIIHHH.
6eperH piK aaBa.l\eHi BeAHKHMH KaMiHHHMH 6pH-
J\aMH, 3J\OM3MH CKaA, 6yAiBeJ\bHOrOTpiBKOro MaTe-
pi.RAy. 0AHaqe ge Bee Ha m.aAb J\e2KHTb HeBHKOpHcTaHe.
36upa10m& (zpa6a10m&) OBec. Co110TaHaa K. KpHeHyi.
3aTe J\eMKiBCbKa aeMJ\HqKa KaM' .RHHCTa, s6ora
nicKyBaTa, rOAY6 CBoix MeIIIKaHgis OAHOIO TiAhKH
6yAh60IO Ta BiBCOM. fipcbKi nacOBHiga J\HXi, nopocAi
HAiBgeM i TepHHHOIO.
Ha AeMKiBigHHi ripchKe niACOHH.R: AiToM 6araTo
AOigiB, XMapH 3aAepm.yJOTbC.R Ha BHCOKHX ripcbKHX
AaHg10xax KapnaT, TOMY B AiTi qacTi 3AHBH i rpoMH,
a 3HMOIO HaBaAa cHiry. 6e3nepepHBHi siTpH B AY-
KOpOCH.RHCbKOMy, .RCAHCbKO.l\Y Ta Ayn-
KlBCbKOMY npocMHKax.
3eMAH 3Ae6iAhIIIa KaM' .RHHCTa, Hespom.aliHa, TOMY
AeMKH MYC.RTb Bam.Ko npag10BaTH, igo6 a Hei npo-
JKHTH. y 6araTbOX ceJ1.ax HeMa6 AOia,11.iB AO IlOJl.H, 60
21
. . . . .
BOAa IJ!OpOKY BHropTa6 BY3bKI ripcbKI AOp12KKH, 31-
3eMA.R, TaK; IJ!O AeMKO qacTo MYCHTb Ha
xpe6Ti HOCHTH Haei.3 - a6o giAHH CBiH AOpi6oK.
0AHatie AeMKO He 2KHBe TiAhKH 3 ynpasn piAAi; BiH
nAeKae xyAo6y - C.l\aBHi pitIHi Toprn Ha BOJ\H B Po-
rax Ha AaepeHTi.R, e PnMaHoei Ha BapTO.l\OMe.R,
..11;aBHiie B CTeperpnMgi Ta B 6apAH6Bi. CTpoAae Ta-
K02K Aepeeo, .RAHgi, cMepe1rn, 6yKH, 3aiiMa6TbCH ne-
pepi6Ko10 cnporo AepeBa Ha TecaHi, pi3aHi 'a6o KO-
..J\eHi 6eJ\bKH, .l\aTH, AOWKH, npoTeci, rOHTHj BHB03HTb
..11;0 onaAoee TeepAe a6o H.l\OBe
CTOBil!JI Ta .l\aTKH AO oropom1, 3aHHMa6TbC.ff p1BH02K
MHCTe!JbKHM 8Hpo6HH!JTBOM 3 AepeBa. ()AHatie 6e3
-OrJ\HAY Ha Tef 6araTo; 60 ,110 BiHHH Maiime 3 K02KHOi
xaTH BHi3AHAO OAHO a6o AB06 tieMJAH AO AMepHKH,
KaHaAH - Ha 3apo6iT01<:.
3nMa B KapnaTax AOBWa (Ao
1
/
2
poKy), Him Ha
AOAax. Aic 9a niAHimmi KapnaT Ha gaxoAi 6yKOBMH,
IlOBO.l\i nepeXOAHTb y WilH.l\bKOBHH (.RAH!J.R, CMepe1<a).
Tio3a Meme1? Aicy pocTyTh Tpaen ii ,,mepen" -
I<.apAoBaTa ripCbKa COCHa.
Y caMHX ropax 36immH niaHo AOBpieae; ciIOTb ne-
peeamHo, .Rpe 36immH, oaHMHHa BHMep3ae, a6o BH-
npieae niA rpy6HMH eepCTBaMH CHiry, HaTOMiCTb
niAripcbKi CTOpOHH HaAalOTbC.ff AO nJ\eKaHH.ff ropo-
. .
AOBHH I rapHHX OBO'lleBHX CaAIB.
AeMKiBCbKa 3eMA.R 6araTa e pi3Hi niA3eMHi cKap6H.
CTo6itI Ha<f>TH, 3aAiauoi PYAH, noKAaAiB aeMHoro
BOCKy, I'incy, 6yAiBeJ\bHOfO KaMiHH.ff i TBepAOrO AO-
poroeoro wyTpy e KapnaTCbKHx piKax, Haii6iAbWe
'6aragTeo AeMKiBIJ!HHH - ge AitIHHtii - MiHepaAhHi
..11;mepeAa e l!!aeHngi, KpHungi, LB.erecToBi, PHMa-
l'loei, leOHHtiy, BipxoMAi, BHcoeiii, BaneHHiM, nepe-
r pHMgi, r aHbtIOBiH, PaAO!JHHi Ta 8 iHWHX. B3aI'aAi
Ha giAoMy AeMKiBcbKOMY IliAKapnaTTIO Ta 3aKap-
22
rraTTlO HaXO,iVITbCH HeogiHeHi rrpHpOAHi CKap6H, -
o;!\Hatie AeMKO a THX cKap6is HeMas. MaibKe Hi.ffKoro
XI CH a.
KoAHCb KaprraTCbKi CTopoHH 6yAH rycTo aaAiceHi,
cboroAHi TYT s s.me 6araTo J\HCHx rrporaJ\HH. TaKoLK
i3 lIHCAeHHOi 3BipHHH i IITallIHi MaAO HHHi AHIIIHAOCb,
I'OCllOOOpCbKi aa6y{}ysaHHll i naciKa
.l\bsa Ko6aeboro B .l\ocJO, K. Aa6ornl.
MeABeAiB Ta p11cis y.me 30BCiM HeMa, a BOBKiB, AH-
KiB i J\HCiB l!!Opaa MeHIIIe; 3aTe 6araTO 3a.Rgis i cepH.
AeMKiBCbKi yaripH 6araTi y sciA.ffI<i ,,Eo.mo10 py-
Ko10" AaHi OBOlli, .ffrOAH, ropixH, qepeIIIHi, 6e3J\i1!
AilIHH1lOro ai./\./\.ff Ta MeAOAaHHHX poC./\HH.
AeMKiBl!!HHa, ge OAHa a Hai1:1<pa1!!HX ripcbKHX
KpaiH, 3 IIHTOMHM co6i HaCe./\eHHHM i opHI'iHa./\bHOlO
6araT010 KYAbTypo10.
23
!JiAa AeMKiBJ!!,HHa, ge Ta 11acTHHa ra.l\H!,!h.Koi aeMAi,
}IKiH Haii6i.l\bllle . CYAHJ\OC}I BiAtIYTH Ha co6i HaTHCK
11y.amx HapoAiB Ta ix BOJ\OAapia ai aaxoAy Ta no-
AYAHH, .HKY HaHCKOpllle BiAipaaJ\H BiA MaTipHoro IlHH
Ta niAAaJ\H BJ\aAi 11ymHx Aepmaa. Ta, igo gi ,iiepma-
BH 6yAH 11acoM CHJ\hHillli ii MaAH .3a co6010 n0Mi11
I'ocnooap B JlOii6uKy ai CHHbOl'O cyKtta, g qepeOHOIO o6WHBKOIO.
3 nepeAy i ao aaAy. MHroea 80.1111.
(.H. <I>a.11bKOBCKi - 8 . CTawHHgbKHH, Ha .11eMKiBCbK060HKiecbKOMY
np0Mem111i, Abeie 1935).
CBiTCbKHX i gepKOBHHX .3BepxHHKiB, AerKO 6yAo "iM
ni,<\nOp}IAKyBaTH co6i !!IO 11aCTHHY yKpaiHCbKHi TepH-
Topii, igo C}lraAa ai,ii C}ltty (AaJ\eKo Ha aaxi,ii), AerKo
6y.l\o npHCMHpHTH 6iAHe AeMKiBCbKe nJ\eM' .SI. 0,iiHatie
caMi 11y21mHgi, igo HaTHCKaJ\H Ha Hallly Kp}liHy ai
CXOAy, Apyri 3 IlOAYAH.H i .3 niBHOlli, 3 11acoM caMi
24
rri.ii;rra.ii;aJ\H rri.ii; BIIJ\HB Hamoi KYJ\bTypH, B CTapOBHHY
AY2KC BHCOKOI (6y.ii;oea gepKOB, qy.ii;oei IIHTOMOJ\CM-
rocnOOUHR Si CmJllOIO. flepettHa cTina XaTH M8JlbOBaHa: nepe4 MemKa&-
BRM: lKOBTa ni4saJ1una, pe111Ta 11epeona a 6i.llHMH nacaMH. BiK&o o6paMo-
sane ea roJ1y60. BopoTa AO 6oi:J!!a zosTo Ma.J1 boeani. IlpeAyKH
(.H. <l>aJlbKOBCKi B. na111BHj!bKHH, Ha AeMKiBCbK0 60HKiBcbKOMY
npoMemllli. Abeis 1935).
KlBCbKI IIICHI, 3BHt:Jai-o6uqai) Ta IIOBOJ\i CaMI yKpa-
lHISYBaJ\HCH, aJ\e O,ll;HOt:JaCHO !!.ff qacTHHa Hamoro Ha-
25
poAy, J!!O 6yAa Hapa2KeHa Ha HaTHCK jg 3aXOAy,
aa
1
rnHaJ\a 3BiJ\bHa CJ\a6HyTH, . niAAaBaTHCH CHJ\bHI
UIOMY npoTHBHHKOBi Ta 3aTpaqyeaTH CBOIO OKpe-
. .
MllllHY HapOAHICTb.
ijHM IlOHCHI06TbCH, J!!O Hami gaxiAHi Ta IlOJ\YAHeBi
cyciAH 3at.JaJ\H t.JHMpa3 6iAbme BpocTaTH a CHAY Ha
HallliH 3eMAi, THM6iJ\bllle, J!!O 6araTO HalllHX J\IOAeH,
HaBHKJ\HX AO BHrOAH, rrepeXOAHJ\O 3BHt.JaHHO AOBOJ\i
CKOpo TYAH, Ae 6yJ\o 3a6e3rret.JeHe CilOKiHHe, 6e3
*YPHe 2KHTTH. ijHM Tpe6a IlOSICHHTH, J!!O MH IlOBOJ\i
BTpaTH.l\H ii 60S1p i MiJ,!!aH, J!!O rrpH HapoAHOCTH Ta
Bipi 3iCTaAHCH caMi ceAHHH, !!HM TaK02K Tpe6a rro-
HCHHTH, igo Ha AeMKiBJ,!!HHi AHIIIHAOCH TaK Ma.ho
' - -
rraM HTOK yKpaIHCbKOI AaBHHHH.
Opo rroxoA2KeHHH AeMKiB HayKa AO Terrep He MOrAa
6araTo cKa3aTH. CaMi MelllKaHgi rip 3BYTb ce6e He .
TiAbKH AeMKaMH, a TaKom AO H e A ~ B H a 3BaAH ce6e
PycHaKaMH, pycbKHMH AIOAbMH, Terrep y2Ke ii YKpa-
iH!JHMH. Ha3ea AeMKO 6 t.JHCTO yKpaiHCbKa. AeMKO
a6o /\eMt.JaK - !JH Ha3ea rrilllAa eiA CAOBa Ha AeM-
KiBJ!!HHi garaAbHO B2KHBaHoro ,,AeM," a IlOAeKyAH
3BYt.JHTb ,,AeH," a6o ,,HeM," ge 3Hat.JHTb: HHo, moiiHo,
TiAbKH (AHllle, J\HUleHb). 3 IlOl.JaTKY Ma6yTb !!H Ha3Ba
6yAa rrpH30BKOIO, J!!O rrpaBAOilo6i6Ho enepllle BH
HlllAa BiA cyciAHHX 6oiiKie. 06a Ti ,, rrAeMeHa" B3a-
iMHO rrepeApa3HIOBaAHCH. EoiiKH Ha3HBaAH ceoix cy-
eiAiB ,,J\eMKaMH" BiA AeM," a AeMKH 3HOB ,,6oiiKaMH"
BiA qacTHgi ,,6oiis." 3a KaprraTaMH Ha3HBalOTbCH
3BHl.JaHHO ,,AeUlaKH," KOAH B2KHBalOTb t.JaCTHgi ,,Aem,"
a6o ,,AHUlaKH," KOAH B2KHBalOTb t.JaCTHgi ,,AHUl"-
TiJ\bKH. 3 qacoM Ti Ha3BH 3aTpaTHAH rrpH3HBHe 3Ha-
t.JiHHH Ta 1:errep He MalOTb HaHMeHlllOro BiATiHKY
noropAH aHI AerKOBa2KeHHH.
Pacoeo AeMKH, ge t.JHCTH eTHit.JHHH THrr, - t.Jy2Ki
AOMilllKH Ayme HeeeAHKi. AeMKH pilllyt.Jo HaJ\e2KaTb
26
He AO qym.ux Hapo4ie a6o n.l\eMeH {Wee4u, PyMyHu,
Bo.l\OXH), HK AyMa.l\H 4eHKi ,IJ,OCAiAHHKH,
1
) a.l\e 40
YKpaiHChKoro Hapo4y.
Ha1cpummR ZOJIOBU ,,qiayeAu&" g aepeAy i 3 Apyroro 6oKy.
AoAiwuuii BucAiK.
(.H. <l>aJlbKOBCKi - B. nawHH!!bKHH, Ha JleMKiBCbK0-60HKiBCbKOMY
apoMemmi. Ahsie 1935).
KiJTbKO e BCiX JleMKiB? no geii 6iK KapnaT' Ha
Ham iii cTopoHi m.uee noHa,IJ, 250 THCHtI AeMKiB, Ha
') J\.0<1iRcKi Ep. Galicjana. Kilka obrazkow z pierwotnych lat historji
galicyjskiej .l\beie 1872 ..
BayA. A. MaueiioecKi, Pierwotne dzieje Polski I Litwy, Bapwaaa 1846 p.
27
3aKapnaTTIO 150 THCHtJ, 3Hoey Ha eMir'pagii e AMe-
pHgi, KaHa.lli, Apr'epTHHi, Epa3HAii arnee noeepx 250
THCHtJ. 3 ,l(aeHa ociAH Ta arneyTh AeMKH e IOro-
Molloouii zocno{}ap s coAoM'11eoMy KaneA101ni, oAiTHH rpaaaTRHM .Aaii6e-
KOM a ryaHKaMH" Ta ryehKOIO. AoAimeHii BecAiK.
(R. <PaAbKOBcKi - B. nawHHJ!bKHH, Ha AeMKiBCbK0-6oiiKiBCbKOMY
npo11e111mi, Absis 1935).
cAaeii, e OKOAH!JHX EatIKH, 3eaHi 6aqeaHChKi AeMKH,.
oKoAo 50 THCHtJ. TaKom Ha Ma4s:ipcbKHX 3eMAHX,
e OKOAH!JI Hipemra3H 3a THcoio (piKa Ha Yrpax.
28
enAHBae 40 AyHa10), noceAHJ\HCb nepe.tt BIHHOIO 4
p o 4 H H ~ B Aocboro K. PonH Ta 8 poAHH g KAHM-
KiBKH B f opAHllllHHi.
Hesicma B zyHqi. AoAimHHH BHcAiK.
OJ. <l>aAbKOBCKi - B. CTarnHHJ!b!<.HH, Ha AeMKiecbKo-6oi1KiecbKOMY
npoMemllli, Ai.eie 1935).
OnKe paBOM yc1x AeMKieYKpaittgie .amee n0Ha4
650 THCHll.
29
PocmoM AeMKo CTPYHKHH, KpeMeauoi 6yAoeu,
A06pe poaeHHeuuH: Ta CH.Al>HHH. Biu KpyrAoroAoeuH:,
H:oro oqi 3Ae6iAbllla i 80.1\0CC.SI TCMHOi KpacKHj xoq
y AeHKHX ce.l\ax, np. e Tpenqi, Aapoei, Molllaugi
uar.l\HAHO e 0ApexoeiH: K. 3aplIIHHa, Aocs (qyAoei
J\OC.SIHCbKi 6.1\bOHAHHKH) nepeeamaIOTb .SICHOBOJ\OCi
THilH Ta CHHOOKi. Jn.iHKU CTPYHKi, eece.l\i, MpiHJ\HBOl
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BUWUBKU pyKaBiB i o6iUBOK: 'lepaonoroAy6i. KoMaHh'la, nos. CRRiK.
(<l>oT. 51. Cl>aJ\bKOBCKi).
. . .
AeKOJ\H BAaq1, Kpacm, 3Aopoe1 m4 K02KHHM or.l\HAOM
i Ha npeqyA npagbOBHTi. OepeeamaIOTb KpacyHi
qopHo6poei, Kyqep.Hei, si CMar.l\HBHM J\HqKOM (BeAH-
KHH BHcAiK, CHHooKi - 6iAOAHgi e BocbKY i CHueei
niA PHMauoeoM, pycHei KpaMnua, 4YKAHHigHHa iT A).
AeMKO AO ecboro 3Ai6uHH:, posyMiSTbCH - A06po-
ro: JMO oqi 6aqaTh -- pyKH po6AHTb; eiu niAnpHsM-
qHeHH, xeaghKHH Ta qecHHH. B 6iAi paTyIOTb ce6e
30
B3aiMHo, noMaraEOTb co6i, noaa.maEOTb IIIaHyEOTb
ce6e Ta CBOfO OKpeMiIIIHiCTb.
Baal.fa AeMKa 3arapToaaHa, Taep.1J;a, piIIIyqa Ta
cTaToqHo-po3BaLKHa. AeMKO AE06HTb .IJ;OBro TepniTH,
aAe 6i.1J;a ToMy, XTO iioro HanacTyaaa 6u; He .1J;apye
n'.RAH 3eMAi; aiH 3picc.R 3 ropaMH, noA10forn ix .RK
piAHY MaTip, .1J;opoLKHTb HHMH. TyT i iforo caiT.
Pacoaa cniAbHOTa AeMKa 3 Y KpaiHCbKHM Hapo.1J;oM,
Kpaca, H: nAo.IJ;OBHTiCTb - ge Migtta 3anopyKa
i 6aragTBO H:oro MaH:6yTHOCTH. -
llpupicm HaCe.l\eHHSI HiqHM He CilHHEOBaHHH, HOp-
Ma.l\bHHH; KOLKHa J\eMKiBCbKa XHLKeqKa IlOBHa po6yqoi
"'leMI.IJ;H, a niq IlOBHa .IJ;iTeH:. 4e.l\.ff.IJ;b KH,IJ;a6TbCSI Ha sci
-CTOpOHH, J!!06 -BHLKHBHTH ce6e Ta .lKa.IJ;Ha
T.RLKKa npa!JSI He ai.IJ;CTpaIIIye AeMKa, aiH noTpa<f>HTb
Ha piBHi 3 aMepHKaHCbKHMH My.l\aMH - npa!JEOBaTH
B . aMepHKaHCbKHX KOila.l\bHflX, J!!06 IlOMOI'TH 33.1\H-
IIIeHiH piAHi B KapnaTax. AeMKO 3HaMeHHTHH piAh-
HHK<f>apMep y KaHa.1J;i, ,1J;o6pHH nacTHpro.1J;iae.l\hHHK
a oJ!!aAHHH Kynegt.-npoMHcAoaegb a A-
MepHg1.
AeMKO - ge npacTape yKpaiHCbKe pacoae nAeM' 11,
J!!O 3 CBOiM roaopi 3a,1J;epLKa.l\O .IJ;OHHHi AyLKe 6araTO
CTapo-yKpaiHCbKHX CJ\iB . 11K: rycAi (cKpHnKH), ry.1J;aK
.(cKpHnaK), cHnaHe!Jh (IIInuxAip) i T. A Hai'.f3aMiTHi-
IIIOEO npHKMeTOfO J\eMKiBCbKOi roaipKH 6 IlOCTiHHHH
.HarOJ\OC Ha nepe.IJ;OCTaTHiM CKJ\a.IJ;i CJ\OBa (Bo.IJ;a, BiKHO
i T . .IJ;.). 4epe3 BiKOBe cyci.IJ;CTBO 3 IlOJ\SIKaMH i C.1\0-
BaKaMH MafOTb J\eMKH B CBOii'.f MOBi (6eci.1J;i) 6araTO
"IYLKHX CAiB. 0.IJ;HatJe AeMKiBCbKa rosipKa Ha.l\eLKHTb
..l!-0 . yKpaiHCbKOi MOBH i TYTb 6epe CBOfO OCHOBY
1 Ill.IJ;J\OLKLK.ff.
3Bu'iai" ma o6u'iai". AeMKo a Hi110My He ocTasc11
TI03a.IJ;y caoix 6paTiB Y KpaiHgia. CnpaBAH_e
..xpecTHHH, IIIYMHe aec1.l\AS1, noaHe LKHTT.ff i cnIBy.
31
CeHTKY6 ,,co6iTKy" e AeHb leaHa KynaAa, AI06HTb
npa3HHKH (KepMeurn), o6xoAHTb BeAHKOAHi CeHTa,
nHIIIYtIH cBoepiAHY nHTOMY AeMKiBCbKY nHcaHKy. Ta-
1mm i Pi3ABO 6araTe B pi3Hi o6pHAOBi 3BHtIKH Ta
'flipyBaHHH. 3ot<peMa Be./\HKY Bary npHe' H3Y6 AO CBHTa
l1opttaHi, floKpOBH np. BoropOAHgi, Cnaca, Bo3He-
ceHHH, CB. MHKOAH, ce. AHttpeH, CB. IOpiH, CB. AH-
MHTpiH. .J\eMKiBCbKe 2KHTTH on./\eTeHe Ta oKyTaHe
tIYAHHM noBipHM, OCHyBaHiM 6araTbOMa nepeKa3aMH,
lleMKiBCbKi nucaHKU a o K o . r n ~ b C11n0Ka. Myaeii T-sa ,,AeMKisiynna".
(<PoT. 51. <Pa.llbKOBCKi).
IJ!O ix nepeKaByIOTh 3 potta e pitt BipyBaHHHMH-
3a6060HaMH.
y !!bOMY 6araTO HaXOAHTbCH cniAbHOro giAOMY
JKpAiHCbKOMY Hapottoei, IJ!O pa30M 3 IlHTOMOIO J\eM
KiBCbKOIO HapOAHbOIO HOIIIelO AYtIHTb .J\eMKa 3 yciM
:i,go ceoe-pittHe, 3 ttitta npaAitta - yKpaiHChKe.
llioli. Cepett piBHHX o6cTaBHH, Teepttoro JKHTTH,
BHTBOpHAH MemKaHgi 3axiAHHX KapnaT, gi THxi npa-
giBHHKH - .J\eMKH - 6araTy niceHHY KYAhTYPY
YKpaiHchKi 3HaBgi AOKa3yIOTb, IJ!O TaK, HK y1<paiH-
32
CbKa MOBa Al.l\HTbCH Ha Kl.l\bKa roe1poK,_ MliK HKHMK
6 .l\eMKiBCbKHH roeip, IlOAi6Ho TaKOiK I yKpaiHCbKa
nicHH _ , J!H MOBa AYIIIi Mae ABi rO.l\OBHi BiAMiHH.
BiAMiHH gi He e Ayme AaBHi, e HoeiIIIoro noxoAmeuuH.
0AHa qacTHHa, ge cxiAHa - npHAHinpHHCbKa, 6iAbIIIe
nocTynoea, Apyra qacTHHa KapnaTCbKa (ripcbKa),
6iAbIIIe cTapHuua. TyTb caMe uaAemaTb Mim iuIIIHMH
lleMKiBCbKa npoqecia iioe Ha sionycm, iKetecTiBIJ!HSa.m
AeMKiecbKi nicui. AeMKo, f!!O '' ue AI06HTb
3 npHpOAH HOBOCTeH, He cniIIIHBCH, f!!06 i CBOIO
nicu10 3MiHIOBaTH. Ao Tenep f!!e cnieaIOTb cTap1,
THilOBO yKpaiHCbKi, o6pHAOBi nicui, HK:
/(oJZRihcu: --- f aca, xAongi AO pHAy,
CTponHeMo KO.l\HAY !
- CTpHIIIAHCMe TY f!!eApyeaTH,
4H roTOBH KO.l\a'IH? IJ!eApHH Be'lep, A06pHH
[eeqep i T. A
BeciJZbHi: CTo3epali, naHi MaTKO (2),
!Ju C.R BH10T BiHgi rAaAKO? (2).
!ju 3Te HaM TY paAi, gu 3Te HaM He paAi?
HK 3Te HaM He paAi, TO niAeMe 3 TaAH-.
B HawiM ABOpi cTae, Ae .R C.ff TY B3.RB.
XoAHB eM no YKpaiid, A10AH Mi TH
HapaiAu, DaH Bir Mi T.ff Aae.
1
)
- Ko.Ao TOH xumu 3iM1 (2),
3aquHaTC.ff eeciM1 (2).
- 3ipKa, CH.RAa,
3 KHM TH Mapyc10 IIIJ\106 6paAa?
3 T 06010 HHh'IHKY - 3 T 06010,
.HK .ffCHHH MiC.R!!b 3 3ope10, 3 3ope10 !
33.
I'alBKU: (ocTaHKH raieoK y nicH.RX, IMO BTpaTHJ\H
o6pHAOBe 3Ha'liHH.R):
- Ao cawy AO cawy,
Ey AeMec.R A106HTH JJ.O qacy.
11IMH cawoeuHa He 3HIIIAa,
y iK C.ff Haw a J\1060CTb p03HIIIJ\a.
EH: CH.ff. roH, AeAH.ff -
lliTOiKe Mi CH B 6pyJJ.KY npeBH.H.
OH: ropiAa AHnKa, ropiAa,
A niA HhOB MHJ\eHKa ci.;J.HJ\a ! 1 T. A
06;JJCUHKOBi: BHHAh me, r'a3AHHe, AO Hae
0A6ep eiHO'IOK OA Hae
He BHHAeIII cu ro Kynig,
flyHA3eMe !!H ro npenig. (BnAHBH CJ\OBaKie).
A Hawa iMOCTb He nHIIIHa
Ha eopoToH:Ka BHIIIJ\a.
') CnisaJOTb s ce.11i MHAMKy, ii. MymHHH. IsaH. Byrepa ,,YKpaiHCbKe se-
ciJIJl.Jl Ha ffeMKiHU{UHi, Absis 1936.
IAJOCTDOBBea lcTopls fleMKiBJ11HBH
3
34
00 cnH, IMOCTIO, AOBOJ\i
KeAh Maw BWHTKO a CTOAOAi.
KoJZucaHKli: 60, a, .s1 AIOJ\IO Mi, AIOJ\IO
00 niA ABeJ\eHy AYAIO
6H AYAH CH p038H6
6H AiTHHY npHKpHe, T. A
A10AHH .me MH, J\IOJ\HH,
KOJ\HWY .ff Te6e,
A KeT TH Mi acHew,
To .ff J\HWY Te6e, T. A
OH CHHY - MiH CHHy,
.ff npo Te6e ruHy:
Hu so AHH, HH a HO'llH,
Hil' Aa He CilO'llHHy ...
KOJlO.MUi1Ka: _ 1:fAe. KoaaK 6eperaMH,
nIAKIBKaMH Kpewe.
3a HHM - .sa HHM waapHe AIB'lla,
qepeweHbKH Hece.
6H BHWJ\? .ff Ha npKy
IlOBIAaM Ka.saH.ff,
6H, HaH6H Mi, MaMyCH
BHHeCJ\a CHIAaHH I T. A
A Ha Rawi caAaWHHi
CTaJ\aC.H HOBHHa,
A 10m Hawa MapuceHbKa
nopOAHJ\a CH Ha i T. A
lliyMKU: Ko6 H 6uAa 6iAy .SHaAa,
He HWJ\a .saMi.m, J\eM ryA.HJ\a.
f O.ff roH, rO.ffrO.ff
f 0.1\0BOHbKOiK 6iAHa MO.ff i T. A
Koaa'1.oK: A Bo.me MiH, Bo.me MiH,
Ae c.s1 no Ai a pocKiw MiH?
Aye aiTep poci, .
IOa{ no MOIM pocK01111.
EMitpau/iini: 08 noAMe me M.H noAMe,
CH 3 MaAHpcKoro Kpa10.
A, 60 Ha Hae, MaAHpH,
eH KpHBO . Il03Hpa10(Tb).
B r aMepuge, B ca.11.bOHe, . B ca.11.bOHe,
0HIOT Bi HO 6paTOBe, 6paTOBe ...
. B CTapiM Kpa10, npu 06u11a10,
. iKeHa 6apa 6iAye, niaHo .11.iraT, paHo cTae,
AITH roJJ,ye.
nu111e .11.HCTH AO HbOro, AO Myma. CBOHoro:
TipuiA Mymy AO AOMy, AiTH nAa11yT,
BHAiTH XOTHT HHHH MOHOro.
BiH iH TaK oJJ,nucye, 111To yme He npHiAe,
Eo ro, A0.11.H r.11.11601<a ii AOpora Aa.11.eKa -
CniTKaAa - He r aMepul<a.
I caMe gi Micgeai nicHi TBOpHTb ai cTa-
pHMH THnoey, .11.eMKiBCbKY niCHIO, IJ!O OCHO-
BaMH i niA.11.ommHM Ha.11.emHTb AO oiJnozo BceyKpaill-
CbKOW-Mamipnow nicennow ocepeiJKa. 1 f!opumb
-3 HUM, 3/lUBaembcR B oiJny yKpaillcbKY hiceH.ny KYllb- --
. mypy i muM caMUM i naqionallbHY eiJnicmb. Oce-
peAKOM npaBAHB0-.11.eMKiBCbKOi niceHH
0
bOi .
KY.11.bTypu e 6eanepe11Ho ceAa: Bucoaa, .J\iIJ!HHH, Ma
. .11.acTiB, . CMepeKoaegb y f opA111-111nHi,1) aHoay Tap-
HaBKa, BHCJ\01IOK, noAaBH B P11MaHiBIJ!HHi, 3HApa-
HOBa, EapaiHoK, TuMl8a a AYKAHHIJ!HHi, MnAHK K.
My111HHH.
2
)
He AapoM TO KamyTh, IJ!O g1-
J\HH piK i giAHH ai1<." Eo ii cnpaBAt, K0.11.H TIJ\bKH
) !Je ea oceoui TBepAmeHBll Bop. o. AeKaHa CTenaHa Kopeoue, Te
:nepimeboro napoxa B BHcouiii, K. l'opBH!.lb.
2
) luae Byrepa, YKpai'echKe ueci.11.1111 ea Ae1o1Kiuiyesi, Ahuiu 1936 p.
3*
36
y.asHMO co6i g10 6ea.l\iq J\eMKIBCbKHX
niceHb, KOJ\.HAOK, l!!eApiBOK, BeCH.ffHOK, BeCIJ\bHHX,
o6mHHKOBHX, Kyna.l\OBHX, , peKpyTCbKHX i as'.aaaHHX
a eMiI'pagie10 aa 0KeaH, a6o HaA THcy Ha mHHBa,
TO no6aqHMO, l!!O nicH.ff ODOBHJ\a qapiBHHM cepnaH-
KOM He TiJ\hKH mHTT.ff AeMKa eiA KOJ\HCKH AO MOrHJ\H,
YKpaillCbKi iJimu Jle1t1KiB1J-4UHU cHnJ\llTb yeiTH ceoMy Opeoce.
AocacJ>aToei KoyHAOBCbKOMy, en. IlepeM. CaM6ip. i C1miyb1<0My, e 11aci
A'oro 3BH4lKYBBHHll ceoei" nacTeH Ha AeMKiBl!!HHi, B ceAi AH4pe'ieKa KOAO
MywHHH.
?J\e ii e ce01 ece MHHyJ\e
I npo J\eMKIBCbKY OKparny, BIA AaBH.ff AO CbOfOAHI.
Y nictt.ax Aas AeMKO BHCAie yc1M npo.HeaM J\IOA-
CbKoro KoxaHHH, IMO ece OAyIIIeBJ\eHe, ece AOpore,
onpoMiHeHe HaiiKpal!!HMH nopHeaMH AYIIIi ii cepg.a,
HiKOJ\H He aeymy6TbC.ff AO 3MHCJ\OBOi, TiJ\eCHOi ma-
A06H'. B AYUii AeMKa mHee HimHe noeTHqHe noqy-
37
eaHHH, HKe BHJ\HBa6TbCH B cyMOBHTIH MpiHAHBOCTi
CeoepiAHe, He3pi.eHHHe epop-
MaMH, i1 AO!JIAbl:IICTIO - gepKoatte
6yAiBHH!JTBO, 3B
1
H3atte i1 06tt.s1Te B p.s1Mgi rapHHX
J\eMKiBCbKHX 3BH1IaiB ra o6H1IaiB, BHTBopeHHX y CB06-
. . .
pIAHOMY ripcbKOMY THXOMY cepeAOBHJ!!I - BaAepmaAo
AeMKiB y cniAbHoTi 3 yKpaittcbKHM MaTipHHM ntteM.
Tpaauqiii.ne npaB/lellllll. napacmaciB na lle.MKisiquni a qaci BeAHKoAnix
Cs11T - na rpo6ax. Bnp. o. I. Byrepa npasHTb napacTac a MHAHKy.
f AH6oKa i TeepAa eipa AOnoMorAa AeMKaM nepe-
TepniTH 6araTO CTpaxiTTH, nepemHTH naHJ!!H3H.ffHHH
rHiT i BHKOpHCTOByBaHH.ff, BOHa 3aoxo1-1yea.l\a AO 060-
poHH Ta AO 6opoTb6H. To.m AO mHTT.R i1 T.RLKKOI
6opoTb6H 3a ceoe icttyeaHH.R B ropax, AeMKO cTa-
BHTbCH, .HK HaHKpaJ!!e. lliyK96 B 1KHTT10 pa-
AOCTH Ta cnpoMorH. BH.RBHTH CBOIO OKpeMIIIIHICTb.
E.HTHH THC.R1-1eAiTHiM AHXOAiTTHM - AeMKO AeJ!!o
38
npHHHK i nocyMHiB, aJ\e He IlOTOHYB y 6e3HaAiHHiif
MeM1HxoAii; xo11a 11acoM 3aMKHYBC.R B co6i ii cTas
HeAOBip11HBHH Ta ;tJ\.ff cnpas 6y4H.R, TO
npH K02KHiH Haro4i, Hepi;tKO B roplO Ta HeIMaCTIO,
CTae nepe4 HaMH, .RK J\IO;tHHa 13 340pOBHM, ;teKOJ\H'
Mome 31/tJ\HBHM ryMopoM.
AeMKO Kame ,,11ymoro He xo11y, aAe csoro He 4a-
lleMl(iBCbl(i xamu: MaJ\bOBaHa Ha 11epe0Ho, e rocno11apcbKllf qacTn ua
lKOBTO, a 6iJ1nMH nacaMH. Ha nepUioMy nJ111Hi a6npae y BOllH pi'IKa Co-
J\HHKa, Aoe21my11.
(H. <l>aJlbKOBCKi B. naJJIHHJ!bKHH, Ha J1eMKiBCbK06oliKiecbKOMy
npoMelKJKi, Abeie 1935).
py10"; ge sapTicHa npHKMeTa, IMO HaHKpaIMe xapaKTe-
p113ye scix YKpaittgis i AeMKa, s ii cy-
11acH0My.
Ao Toro, IMO siH, He noc.Rras no 11yme, TpaTHB
csoe, AeMKO ni3HO ;toAyMasc.R ...
AJ\e cTapoyKpaiHCbKa sucoKa KYAbTypa MaJ\a y co-
CTiJ\bKH 2KHTT6TBop11oi CHJ\H i TaKe KO-
plHH.ff BanycTHJ\a y HapOAHIO Macy, IMO grnHOCT.RMH
39
11 HapiA i Ha AeMKiBJ!!,HHi Mir nepemHTH qacH AHxo-
AiTT.ff. Xoq 6araTo aaTpaTHJ\OC.ff i nponaAo, TO a6e
perAOCb Haiieamaiwe, - AI06oe i nowaaa AA.ff Tpa-
AH!JiH, noqyeaHH.ff OKpeMiWHOCTH, nepeKOHaHH.ff, J!!,O
AeMKiBJ!!,HHa yKpaiHCbKa a AiAa-npaAiAa, f!!,O TiAbKH
Ha aawiii aeMAi MOmHa J!!,aCJ\HBO mHTH.
Bu{} Ha ce110 ,llo11xu1po, nosiT AicbKo;
!JepKBB, KBil.J\H'IKa i J!BHHTap.
(<l>ol'. 5J. <l>a.Jl bKOBCKi).
EKOHOMil.JHI 06CTABHHH AEMKIBI!!HHH . .
(f ocnoAapKa Ha AeMKiBIMHHi).\
f apHi cnoraAH BaAepmaAHCH ,t\O CbOrO,i\HH MDK
AeMKaMH npo .l(asHi, A06pi, 6e3mypHi qacH; TOAi
caMe seAHKi qepeAH osegb nac.AHC.ff cepeA KapnaT
CbKHX sepxis, - AeMKO 6ys CHTHH, npHoAiTHH, He
"6aHysas" HK siH Kame, 6e3 po6oTH i xAi6a.
06opiz. KpHee KOAO A:eepRHKa, nos.
AicbKO (<l>oT. 51. <l>aAbKOBcKi).
IIJ1yz a KOJle'fKGMU. KoMaHb'la, nos.
C.11uiK. (<l>oT. 51. <l>aAbKOBCKi).
0.l(Hat.Ie, BHnac osegb, o6MemeHHH 3HeceHHHM cep-
siTyTiB ~ n p a s o BLKHBaHH) niAynaB 3Hat.IHO B Apyriii
no.AOBHHt MHHyAoro CTOAtTTH, Ta qepe3 ge HyLKAa
Hat.Ia.Aa 3arAH.l(aTH AO AeMKiBCbKoi xaTH. Apyrmo
i,ge samHimoIO npHtIHHOIO 3y6omiHHH AeMKis - ge
nycTa, HAOBa KaMiHHCTa 3eMA.ff, J!!ff o6Memye sci
cnoco61:1 poByMHoi Ta nocTynosoi piAhHoi rocno.l(ap-
KH. 6paK XAi6a, 6paK npagi3aHHTTH, !JH HenOCH.l(IO-
41
'IiCTb AeMKa npHMy-11.1ysaAa lioro . lllyKaTH HOBHX
AiKepeA npOiK.HTKy.
I ue AHBHO, l!!,O 3 noMiiK Y KpaYugis, nepIIIHH
AeMKO siAKpus AMepuKy. Hali6iAhIIIHH siACOTOK
eMirpaHTiB .3 r a.l\ffllHHH AO AMepHKH -- ge AeMKH.
AAe ii AO AMepHKH ue KOiK.HOMY cyAHAOC.H BH-
ixaTH. A6o ue 6yAo ua Koro xaTy .l\HIIIHTH, a6o
Tpe6a 6yAo uanepeA BiACAJiKHTH .BiHCbKO - a TOAi
J!!,e Halli 6paT AeMKO BiA6ysas siHCbKosy cAytK.6y
12 poKis, a6o BKiugi ue KOiK.HHH AeMKO HaAasasc.H
AO eMirpagii. 3aAHIIleHHH a ropax AeMKO ue npo-
naAas; sin KHAaB co6mo ua sci CTopouu; XOAHB
3 KOCOIO AO niAripcbKHX ABOpis, a6o atK. Ha AOAH,
Ha OoAiAA.H. EaraTo AeMKis XOAHAO ua muusa naA
Tuey, ,4yuali AO yropcbKHx nauis i a geli cnoci6
A06ysa.l\H XAi6 1:1a 3HMY i ,4eHKi Top-
rysa.l\H AOMaIIIHIMH TBapHHaMH, IHIIII 3aHHMa.l\HC.ff
xaTHiM Api6HHM npoMHC.l\OM, TOl!!,O.
HaliKpal!!,OIO gixoIO TOAiIIIHboro AeMKa - iioro,
caMOBHCTaptia.l\bHicTb. 3 noMiiK ycix raAyBeH uapoA-
Hhoro AeMKiBCbKOro npoMHCAY - TKagTBO BHCysa-
TbC.H ua nepllle Micge. B nisuitIHHx qacTHHax cau-
AeghKoro, ropAH!JbKOro, .RCe.l\bCbKOro, KOpOCH.HHCbKO-
ro nosiTiB - MaHtKe B KOiK.HiH .l\eMKiBCbKiH xaTi
uaxOAHMO TKagbKi sapcTaTH. TKagbKHH npoMHCA
AeMKis - noAoTH.HHHH, aui TaKoiK. cyKoHHHH He e
o6qucAeHHH ua 36yT. AeMKO ue AI06HTb npoAaBaTH
csoix TKagbKHx supo6is, TOMY caMe g.H rocnoAapCbKa
raAy3b npHHOCHTb AeMKaM seAHKi KOpHCTH, 60 Aas
TpHBa.l\e IlO.l\OTHO Ha 6iAA.ff Ta CH.l\bHe CJKHO Ha
OAiHH.H. B napi 3 gHM noscTaIOTb 3api6Koi niAnpH-
6MCTBa ( CTJilH AO BTOBKaHH.H CJKHa, T. 38. cpoAIOIIli).
. .
i.go OCAyrosyIOTb BCI AOOKO.l\HlIHI ce.l\a.
3 icTOpHqffHX Of.l\.HAiB Tpe6a 3ra)laTH npo 3aKH-
HeHy CboroAHi ToprosAIO osotiaMH. AasHil!!,e, HK ue
42
6yAo I<op40Hy (aeAeHoi CMymKH) Mim fa..rnqHHOIO
ii YrpaMH - oTme He 6yAo TaKom !JAosoi cTopomi
- TOAi AeMKO a OKOAH.!Jb BeAHKoro BHcAoKa, Cy-
posHgi, BiAbxosoi, THxaHi, fpa6y, THJ\Hqa, AeAIO-
xosa i MylllHHH - Kynysas Ha Y rpax sqacHi osoqi
BHHOrpa4y, TpycKaBOK, SI6.i\OK i. T. A i p03803HB ix
no ABopax, aanycKa10qHc.H am no 6oxtt10 i KpaKie.
XaTa MaAhOBaHa Ha 'IOpHo (na<!>TOBOIO ponoro) 3 6iJ1HMH llaAinaMH. B i36i
OABe eiKHo noAeiiiee, Ao.11iwBHH 8Hc.11iK.
(R. Cl>aJll>KOBCKi - B. nawHHgbKHH, Ha J1eMKiBCbK0-60HKiBCl>KOMY
npoMelllllli, AbBia 1935).
Ao AaAeKHX MaHApieoK HaAemaAa TaKom Toproe.i\JI
eiB!J.HMH. CAaetti AeMKiBCbKi eieqapi - Cf>iAbKO a Kpo-
.1\HKa, Battbo CeMattie a TapHaBKH, Ottyq>piM: 6eM:MyK
a Aa6oeoi Ta HHllli a Y <rT.H PycbKOro i iKAHHi xo-
AHAH piK-piqHo AO CeMHropoAy, Kynyea.i\H cniAbHO
coTKH oeegb i rHa.i\H 1x AO 0iAb3Ha, THxoea, Tap-
Hoea, a6o am Ha lliAeCbK - .HK BOHH Ha3HB3.i\H
- . ,,AO fiiAoi".
43
ChoroAHi Toproe.11.e10 oeegh ApyrHx AOMawH1x
TeapHH aaHHMaIOThCH MewKaHgi ce.11.a . PHxea.11.bAY,
ropHHJ:!hKoro noeiTy, CHHeea, CTpyciKa, AeHKi 3 Bo
po6.11.HKa - CRHiJ:!bKoro noeiTy.
I!!e eaarniwo10 niAcTaeo10 .11.eMKiecbKoro
ro mHTTH - ge AepeeHHH npoMHC.11., Aic s AAH
AeMKa Amepe.11.oM AOXOAY B ce-
.11.ax, no.11.omeHHx cepeA rycTHX, CTapHx .11.1crn, np.
YopHa BoAa, Ko.11.0 lli.11.HxToeoi, Aa.11.boea K . .Hc.11.HChK,
Mol!!,aHegb, CypoBHJ:!R, Aapie, CypOBHlJHi no.11.HHH
e PHMaHiBl!!,HHi - MewKaHgi 3aHHMaIOThCH CTHHaH-
HHM, lJHl!!,eHHHM; .iiocTaBOlO H.11.HJ:!b, CMepeK, 6yKiB
AO MicgeBHX TapTaKie, a6o AO 3a.11.i3HHgi i MiCTa.
nepepi6Ka Aepeea Ha npOMHCAOBi npeAMeTH CAa6o
po3BHHeHa. AeMKO po6HTh Ha ceoi noTpe6H r'OHTH,
Telle npoTiccH, AaTH, 6eAbKH.
f OAOBHHM ocepe,ll,KOM Api6Horo AepeBHOrO npo-
MHCAY s ce.Ao HoeHJ:!R e f opAHlJlJHHi. TyTh po6.11.HTb
npH noMotJ1 npocTHX, pytJHHX TOKapoK 1 BHKp11e.11.e-
HHX HOiKHKiB Aepee'.srni AOiKKH, nyAe.11.Ka, Kopo60lJKH .
- ,,Hl!!,HKH" - i AHTHtJi 3a6aeK11. 3 Hoe11gi BHpi6
.11.oamK nowHpHBCH AO Ail!!,Hff i 6aH11gi. B nepwHx
poKax no ceiToeiH: eiH:Hi, eHpo611 a Ail!!,HH i Hoe11gi,
rop.11.HghKi mHAH BHCH.11.aAH gi.11.HMH ear'oHaMH AO AMe-
pHKH; cboroAHi eKcnopT giAl<OM 3aHenae, TOMY AeMKO
6epe ceiH Toeap Ha n.11.etJi Ta. MaHApys a HHM no
ecix raAHJ:!bKHX To pr ax i HpMapKax. Y napi 3 . Api6-
HHM AepeBHHM npoMHC.11.0M - po3BHBa6TbC.R TaKom.
y nOB06HHiH A06i piab6a, ce6ro BHpo6H 3 BHpiay-
BaHHMH npHKpacaMH. OcepeAKOM 36yTy ghoro Ho-
eoro Ha AeMKiBl!!,HHi npoMHCAY cTaIOTh mHegi e Kp11-
HHgi, .lKerecToei, IeoHHtJy, P11Mattoei; caMi aHoey
piah6api - WHigHpi - IlOXO,ll,HTb 3 6i.11.HHKH, (rop-
.11.HJ:!bKOro noeiTy), 3j 3aeoie K. PHMaHoBa, a Bi.11.hKH .
1<0.11.0 KAHMKiBKH Ta 3 Ba.11.yTHHKH (KopocT.RHCbKoro
44
nosiTy), IMO pi3b6'HTb . piBHi nocyAHHH 1 q>irypKH
i i pe3HOIIIaIOTb IX AO BCIX
IllAripCbKHX MICT.
y ceAi lliAHXTOBa, KOJ\O UlaBHHgi - po6J\HTb
rapHi .itepes' 11Hi .cKpHHKH, y CsHTKOsiH: . - 11ceAb
CbKO!"O nosiTy, nAeTyTb KOIIIHKH 3 rHyllKHX HAisgeBHX
/l,o BepxoeHi.
Kopems, y Bopo6AHKY niA PnMaHOBOM BHnJ\lTaIOTb
KOIIII AO B03a H: po3B9311Tb ix Ha Toprn AO PHMa-
uosa, KopocHa, 6epe30Ba, CHHOKa H AicbKa. B ne-
- po6AHTb 6epe3osi
MITJ\H Ha BCI KapnaTCbKl ToprH.
TpeTHM 3 pHAY samHHM BaHHTTHM AeMKiB 6 Ka-
MeH11pcTBO. !JeH: npoMHCJ\ 30cepeAIKY6TbCH roJ\OBHO
B CeAi BopTHe, neperoHHHa, ropAH!,!bKOro nosiTy,
KpaMnHa, ct>oAIOIII - 11ceJ\bCbKoro nosiTy, PuMa-
45
HlBCbKa nocaAa; AeMKH B nicKOBOro Ka-
MeHH - MJ\HHCbKl eeJ\HKl KaMeHI (Ha aaMOBJ\eHH.R
- KpaMnH.RHCbKi MJ\HHCbKi KaMeHi 6y.J\H 3HaHi l!!e
B 1811 p. B nepeMHlllAi - .RK HaHKpaIBi), MaAi
mopH.RHi KaMeHi -- roAOBHO a PuM. HocaAH, Aa-
6pycKH AO rocTpeHH.R H02KiB i KaMiHgi AO
KOCH (oceAKH) a .!JeKAHHCbKoi BoAi, KOJ\O .!JeKAHHa.
Y Ae.RKHX cTopoHax KapnaT Tpe6a Ao6yeaTH Ka-
MiHH.R AO J!HX BHpo6ie niA 3eMAelO - TOMY B CTapHx
AoKyMeHTax KaMeHHpie Ha AeMKiBIBHHi aeyTb "rip
Ha ,,Opllunux Cicallax"
JC. C.11eoica.
11.opoM na Cani Mia Ci.AhHOIO THp11eo10
Ta MperoAOAOM. (<I>oT .R. <I>uhKOBcKi).
H.RKaMH". B TenepimHHx 11acax KaMeH.RpCTBO nepe-
XOAHTb y KpaJ!!y cpopMy, y cpopMy po6AeHHH Ha-
rpo6HHKiB, npHAOp02KHHX xpecTiB i CBHTHX.
,YiKaRHM TaKOiK o6'HBOM MaHApieHoro AeMKiB-
CbKOrO npoMHCJ\Y - ge ..\poT.Rpi. ,Ye 11epeeama1011u8
ei;tcoToK MemKaHgie 6iAHoro ceAa, EiAa BoAa, Ha
noAyAHeBHH; cxiA eiA l!!aeHHgi. BoHH MaHAPYJOTb
110 giAiH r aJ\H11HHi, aaXOAHTb am AO AbBOBa i AaJ\bllle
Ha CXiA; 6araTO ix TaKO.iK 3apo6Aa6 B 0oaHaHJ!!HHi
Ta B KopiHHiH noJ\bJ!!i.
3 rrpoMHCAOM KapnaTCbKHX 3eMeAb e'.RiKYTbC.R no-
11afKH MaHApieHoi TOprOBAi Ma3el0 i CMapoBHJ\aMH
46
AO B03iB. QHM aaHMalOTbCH BiA AaBuix qacie MemKaH-
gi ceAa Aocs, ropAH!JbKoro rroaiTy; Ao6yaa10
1
:1H ai
f aeMHOi Ha<f>TOBOi pOIIH B CBOiM ceAi - BiAIIOBiAHi
q a c ! H ~ H , BHpOOJ\HJ\H BOHH OKpeMi CMapOBHJ\a AO
B031B I IIHTOMO-J\OCHHCbKHMH, KpHTHMH B03aMH poa-
HatjJmoei wu6u B BanieqL BunaJ110BaHHJl ean11a e 51eipKax,
(Kopoce11HI,!!HHa). noe. Hoeeii Topr.
CeiTAHB I. .RpeMKo.
B03HJ\H - HK BOHH Ha3HBalOTb "Ma3IO" - no scix
cyCIAHHX KpaHX - 3AOB/K yropcbKOro HH3y, qepe3
OoKyTcbKY BHcoqHuy, ai4rroqHaa10qH s KHmHueei,
roAOBHOMY MicTi Bacapa6ii - a6o PHmiecbKHM WJ\H-
xoM, qepea CTepeMHWJ\b, AhBiBCbKi 3eMAi, noAiAAH, .
3aqirra10l{H fygyAbJ!!HHY - rrepeiaAHJ\H piKy 36pyq
Ta wHpOKHMH cTerraMH YKpaiHH, aai3AHJ\H B rAH6
Pocii. 3uoeym Apyri Ma3Hpi aanycKaJ\HJ\H ceoiMH
47
Ma3RpCbKHMH B03aMH npocTO Ha IllBHl'l; nepenpae-
J\RJ\HCR qepea BHcAy, qepea A106AHH, ei.1J,TaK Bo-
J\HHCbKi 3eMAi - am-Ao cborottHRUIHoi AoTBH. AeRKi
MaIOTb Tenep ceoi CKJ\3.lf.H e A106AHHi Ta Bapmaei.
Aeigo Meume aaHHMaIOTbCR Topro8Ae10 Masi -
CMapoBHA - MemKaHgi cycittHboro ceAa EiARHKH,
nosopom 3 ciHoKocis ao xamu. 2Kep11Hg11 B.
(.ff. <l>aJ1hKoecKi - B. IlawHHghKHH, Ha J1eMKiecbKo-6oiiKiecbKOMY
npoMellll!li, J\beie 1935).
igo p03803RTb y BCAHKHX ttepee'RHHX KOHOBKax-no-
cy.IJ,HHax a6o HOC.RTb rycTy, 6ypy piAHHY - .lf.bOrOTb,
' u
3 neperiHKH KaM .RHoro eyriAAR, ,lJ.epeea, H IH. pl'IO-
BHH, ymHBaHHH ,lJ.0 CMapyeaHHR oceH npH eoaax, .RK
3aci6 npoTH rHHTT.R; .lf.bOrOTb a 6epe3oeoro Aepeea
(emHea6TbC.si) ,lJ.0 BHpo6y lOXTOBOi lllKipH, TaKom .IJ,0
MaCTeH, npH AiKyeaHHi lllKipHHX _xopi6, a6o ,lJ.0 ee-
TepiHapiHHHX giAeH.
'
48
Ha aaKiHqeHH.R rOAHTbC.R pisHom araAaTH npo se-
.1\HKY ynpasy gH6yAi Ta 110CHHKY B ce.l\i Tpen11a ni4
C.RHOKOM, EocbKO i C11His, 06i11 PHMaHoea. Mem-
KaHgi THX Ci.I\ aacHnyIOTb piKpi1IHO pHMaHiBCbKHH,
C.RHi!J,bKHH, KOpPCH.RHCbKHH Ta AiCbKHH
pHHKH qocHHKoM I gH6yAe10. Ae.RKi AocTaeA.RIOTb
eoaaMH gH6yA10 AO TapHoea, CTpHmosa, Cl>pHJIITaKa;
BiACH eaI'oHaMH AO w .eegii H Hopeerii. flpH TiM
nocepeAHHKH (poayMi6TbC.R LKHAH !) BHKOpHCTOBYIOTb
Hace.l\eHH.R KapnaT, noHaA 150-2000/o.
floTiIIIal01.J:HM 06' .RBOM AeMKiBCbKOro LKHTT.R - apo-
CTa1011e niA TenepiIIIHIO nopy aagiKpBAeHH.R CaAiB-
HH!J,TBOM i naciqHH!J,TBOM
1
). !Ji ABi f'aAyaH rocno-
AapKH MOLKYTb aMiHHTH o6paa 3axi,zi;HHx KapnaT Ta
'THM caMHM ni,4HeCTH A06po6yT .l\eMKiBCbKOro Ha-
Ce.l\eHlfH Ha 6amaHHH yposeHb scix YKpaiHcbKHX
3eMeAb.
1
) A ,KOJ\HCb Myci.110 naciqHH!!TBO Ao6pe poaaHBaTHCll, KOJ\H easiri>
cTpiqaeMo TaKi HaasH ci.11, JIK BopTHe (BopTHe ce.110, no.11e . ) .(6opTae: .sa.
o6HJ\b&e a nqo.11H, a MiA). B 1<opo.11iscbKOMY 8Hpo6AHKY 6y.110 nepeA siiiaoio
" 6araTo naciK, OAeaqe eMiI'payill AO AMepHKH nplinHHHJ\B poaBHTOK !!ei
KOpHceo'i rocnoAapcbKOI ra.11y.si .
Bepezu piKu BuclloT<a B celli BocbKO.
rEOrPACf>I4HJ.1H cnHCOK AEMKIBCbKJ.1X
MICIJEBOCTEVI.
1. OcTypHR.
2. Be.11.11K11ii A11nHHK.
3. <l>iAbBapKH.
4. KaMiHKa.
5. AiTMaaoea.
6. Bi.11.a BoAa.
7 4opaa Bo.1ta.
8 . .HeipKH.
9. lliARXToea.
10. Opl!6HH8.
11. KpaMnax.
12. MHHllIOK.
13. CpHH.
14. CTapyHR.
15. Aeraaaa.
16. Op.11.ia.
17. YllK.
18. MaTHcoaa.
19. iRel'ecTiB,
20. 3AOJ!bKe.
2). {Ry6p11K,
22. BeAHKa Bepxoaa11.
23. MaAa BepxoaH11.
24. KpHHHJ!ll.
25. THAH'I.
26. HHll!Hll i BHlllHll Moxaa'JKa:
27. Hoaa Beeb.
28. PocToKa.
29. MaTHeaa.
30. Aa6oaa.
31. PycbKB Kopo.11.eaa.
32. Boryllla.
33. BHH'Iapeaa.
34. <l>JlbOpHHKa.
35. Hl!l11ai i BHmai Bpyaapi.
36. llopaa.
37. C11iTeHy11.
38. llepTimae.
J.niocTpoeaua lcTopill
39. BepecTb'
40. lJHpHa.
41. BaHHJ!R.
42. la6H.
43. Bi.11.H'l&a.
44. Baq>Ka.
45. Aoce.
46. BiAJrnKa.
47. lliH1116apK.
48. PHXB&.11.b.ll.
49. PycbKa PonHy11.
50. Be.11.HKa i Ma.11.a MayHHa.
51. Poa.1ti.11.J111.
52. BoH.1tapKa.
53. ijeKJIHHCbK8 80.11.11.
54. YcTe PycbKe.
55 Hoa11y11.
56. MaAacTia.
57, flaHTHB.
58. BopTae.
59. CMepeKoaeyb.
60. faBb'IOBa.
61. BHCOB8.
62. B.rnxaapu.
63. Hull!RHii i BHlllHHii PereTia.
64. Bipxae.
65. BaaHyR.
66. f.11.BAHlllie.
67. KpHBB.
68. Pa.a,oiyHaa.
69. fpa6.
70. Omee'la
71. Bo.11.oaeyb.
72. PocTaiiHe.
73. Ca11TKOBB
74. K.11.oniTBHJ!R.
75. Ileper.11.HMKa.
76. Bepesoaa.
4
KAPTA,AE 3fCMBYTb
.AEMKH
- - - zpo/.flll!.B Jt./lfibcbfoirkcigu
>-<>-<>-<'.>--< tpOllUL.17 fjt'PJICUbLI .
/.lob CaHu 1?:
bfJUOt'/J
!Jv11ib
Ul
0
77. CKaAbHBK.
78. KyTH.
79. A;owH11ga.
80. KpaMnaa .
.SJ. M11cgo11a.
82. f11poaa
-83. OoM!Hlf.
84. BiAbXOBCQb.
-85. MwaHa.
-86. 'FepeTllHa.
87. THA11aa.
-88. CMeperne.
. 89. T11xaHHll
90. P11MaHiacbKa 3aaa.a:Ka
91. BoAOCbKHH KopoAHK.
"92. BaAyTllHKa.
93. BiAbKa.
94. AaAHH.
95. KopoAiecbKHH i llL11 xorchKl;IH
Bopo6AHK.
96. DOCbKO.
97 . .HcAl!CbKa.
98. A1111oeegb.
99. Cypoenrni CToAllHH.
iOO. 811211e11 BoAll.
101. .HceAKO.
102. Cypoanga.
103. A;apie.
104. BeAHKHH 811cAiK
105. KapAHKia.
106. CTape 3arip11.
107. BeAHKOnoAe.
108. KyA11wse.
109. KaAbBHga.
110. IJJaaae.
111. TypHHCbKO.
112 . .HeipaHK.
113. KoMaHb'fa.
114. 1.focTOrop6.
115. AynKiB.
116. lfopeopiKH.
117. Kpacea.
:t 18. BapTKiacbKa BoAll.
119. PinanK.
120. IleTpyweaa BoMI.
121. OaapieKa.
122. BoHapiaKa.
123. f ei3ARHKa.
124 . .ffaie11HH.
125. 4ep'1e.
51
126. HcTpl!6.
127. Kai's.
128. Aieie.
129, ( OAbj!bOBa.
130. 3aaKia.
131. Kypia.
132. AyKia.
133. Kpy211Aia.
134. <PpH'lKa.
135. IleTpoaa.
136. !JeroAKa.
137. Bm1rni i Hamei Toaapo111gi
138. KoMAOma.
139. Boxepia.
140. BapaAKa.
J 41. Ha111e11ii OpAHK.
142. BnlKBHH OpAHK.
143. Mapowia.
144. KewKiegi.
145. KpymAiaKa.
146. BaneHBHK.
147. BoApy111aA. ;,.
148. Kpaiie11scbKa 4opsa.
149. 4ope'lse.
150. 4epTimee.
151. KaAHBia.
152. fa6ypb.
153. Bopia.
154. Me111nAa6opgi.
J 55. 4a6HHll.
156. IlcTpHHa.
157. 36iiiae.
158. CaHHAHK.
159. C11sia.
160. PyAaBK8 PaMaH.
161. TapaaaKa.
162. 811cAO'lOK.
163. 0Apexoaa.
164. IlyA&BH.
165. CeHblCOBa BoAll.
166. 3apwnH.
16 7. HoeociAhgi -( aee.
168. 4y6piaKa.
169. l.JepTelll.
170. Tpea'fa.
171. BiAbXiagi.
172. BoAOCbKa T11p11aa.
173. YAIO'l H. C11HOM.
174. WAHXOTCbKa A;o6pa.
175. isAe6KH.
4*
nPAICTOPI.H KAPnATCbKHX 3EMEAb.
npo noqaTK1:f 2KHTT.R B faJ\HqHHi,
30KpeMa Ha 3<-!XIAHHX yKpalHCbKHX 3eMA.RX, npo nep-
sicHy KYAbTYPY Hanrnx npa-npaAiAiB He 6araTo 3Ha-
6MO. TaKom AHme 3i cKynux A2KepeA i 3HaxiAKiB AO-
BiAYElMOCb, .RKQH 6ys noqaTKOBHH ycTpiH Ta cepeA
.RKoro cepe11.osHi.ga ii o6cTaBHH 6opoAHCb nepwi
AIOAH B KapnaTax 3a csoe icHyBaHH.R. IJ!o gi AIOAH
MyciAH aBiAKHCb npHHTH B KapnaTH i nepeHTH gi-
Jl.HH p.RA po.3B06BHX CTeneHiB - ge He y.11..Rrae cyMHi-
BaM; iHaKme He Mor.11.0 6yTH.
CAiAH nepsicHoro . qoAosiKa B 3axiAHHX KapnaTax
HaXOAHMO a qacy TpHsaHH.R KaMiHHoi A06H. Ha ye
BKa3y6 neqepa B neKapax
1
), (KpaKiBCbKi 3eMAi). Celi
HapiA MaB npHHTH 3 niBAH.R Ta npHHic CBOIO KYAb-
TYPY B 6aAKaHCbKoro cepeAOBHi.ga; mus .y neqepax,
Ae npH BOrHMJ!!aX aa.l\HlllH.l\OC.R no HbOMY 6araTO
u u '
KOCTeH .3 AHKOro KOH.R, J!!O Horo M .RCOM qoJ\OBIK
TOAi 3a.l\I06KH 2KHBHBC.R. .HK AOBrO TPHBaAa !!.ff Ka-
MiHHa iJo6a, a rpegbKa asaHa naJZeoJZimoM, roAi
TOqHo oqepKHYTH.
no CTapmiH KaMiHHiff A06i npHHill.l\a MOAQAill8,
a nepeXOAOBHH qac Mi2K HHMH o6oMa H83HB86MO ce-
peAHbOIO KaMiHHOIO A060IO a6o Me30llimOM. niACOHH.R
6yAo T?Ai TenAe ii y Hae pocAo 6araTo ?JilHAb-
KOBHx I .l\HCTKOBHX .l\ICIB, a B HHX 2KHAH O.l\eHI, AHKH
') AP .Hpoc.11aa IlacTepHaK, K'.opoTKa Apxeo.11bori11 3axi.o;eo-YKpai'e-
CbKHX 3eMe.11b, y .l\.baoai 1932, Bn.11aeH11 6oroCJ1oail. 4. 11-12.
53
Ta Aoc1, Ha HK11x no.l\10eae TOAiillHHH qoJ\OBIK. BiH
2KHB 3a.l\'I06KH Ha niCKOBHX HeaapOC.l\HX fiaAMax, HK
KOqOBHH J\Oeeyb, Ae J\HillHB no co6i CAiAH eorHHIJJ-
CTO.RHOK Ta po6i'l'eHb KpeMiHHOro 3HapHAA.R.
B AaAbmiii Ao6i T. ae. HeoJZimy, niA enAHeoM:
3MiHH npHpOAHiX o6cTaBHH, apocTy Aicie, MOqapie
Ha CKlli MQ/lbOBQllUfi o6pas. fopilllHll TapHasa. 3i s6ipKH Myseio T-aa
"AeMKiBigHHa" a C11eoyi;
'(JI. <I>a.11bKOBcKi - B. CTalllHHJ:!bKHH, Ha .11eMKiBCbKo-6ottKiBcbKOMY
npoMeJKzi, Abaie 1935).
i BHIJJOro CTaHy BOAH 8 pi1rnx, qoJ\OBiK BHTBOplOS
nepmi cpopMH ociAoro rpoMaACbKOro 2KHTT.R, rypTye
ceoi 2KHT J\a e MeHmi cTaAi oceAi, aaKAaAae 6iA.R HHX
norpe6HIJJa eme a neeHHM nop.RAKOM, cTae XAi6opo
6oM, Aep2KHTb poraTHH CKOT i nca AO noMoqi nacTy-
54
xaM Ta BliHaXOAHTb roH'qapCTBO l rJ\aA.tKeHHH Kpe-
MiHHoro, a BiATaK ige H: aep11eHHH KaMiHHoro aHa-:
pHAAH. MicgH ociAKY 1IOJ\OBiKa gei A06H poaKHHeHi
aaA CHHOM B OKOJ\HgHx 5IpocJ\aa' ff - CittHBH Ta
HaA BHCJ\OI-O KpyroM KpaKoBa. 'Ha ' pyxoMHX nicKax
aycTpi11a6TbCH TaM 6araTO CJ\iAiB KpeMeHHpCbKHX po-
6iTeHb Ta CTOHHOK 3 y6orHM iHBeHTapeM, igo BKa-
3YI-OTb paAIIIe Ha Hapi..i J\OBegbKHH 6iJ\bllle K01.JiBHH-
1IHH Him xAi6opo6cbKHH. B giH: A06i, aaAJ\H nocyxH
B HaAAyHaHCbKHX KpaHx, pyIIIHJ\H 1IHCAeHHi x.1\i60-
3alliaHa wma6a a npwcpin;zeHUM MOllOmKOM.
TiepeKaa KalKe, i,go B qaci TaTapcbKHX eanaAiB HSAOJKeHO Ha A3BOBH BH-
COKHH noAaToK. CeAJJHH BlKHBaAtt AO Aasonenn11 TaKoi' wTa6H, 106 He
nAaTHTH ApaqoK. IJJe CbOrOAHi BlKHBalOTb yei WTa6H paaoM 3 A9BOHaMll
a ce,d AnApei'ayi .
po6cbKi ocaAHHKH a caoeI-O KYJ\bTypoI-O Mim iHIIIHM
11epea MopaaiI-O Ha lliAeCbK, a aaiATaM AO aaxiAHhoi
f aJ\H1IHHH, Ha BiJ\bHi BiA AiciB 3eMJ\i (J\6CH), i TYT
aaMeIIIKaJ\H. Y CBOHoMy noxoAi Ha cxiA AiCTaAHCH
. .. . .
g1 poacaAHHKH Hosoi KYJ\bTYPH 3AOBiK mBHltIHoro
6epera BHcJ\H a 0KoJ\11gi CaHAOMHpa, a aaiATaM OAHa
ix rpoMaAa noAaAaCH BAOBiK CHHY Ha niBACHHHH
cxiA. BoHH npHHeCAH _ai co60I-O Hoay cpopMy 3Ha-
pHAAH - KpeMiHm cepnH, COKHpKH, MHCKa Ha BHCo-
KiH nycTiH Himgi, IlOCYAHHH y cpopMi 1IOBHHKiB
3 IlJ\OCKHM AHOM Ta KYX.l\HKH 3 r.l\1160Ko pHTHMH
55
npm<pacaMH, y BHAi rpyn pi8Ho6iiKHHX 11epTOK a6o
AOOcepeAHix niBKOA. 3aMeIIIKaHi 6yAH A3.l\bllle ne11epH,
X011 nonpH HHX 6y AH BiKe aeMMIHKH Ha OTBepTHX
ASCOBHX npocTopax; TiAhKH rpo6ia ia gei KYAbTYPH
J!!C He 3HaMO. !J.i aaceAeHi, BiAbHi BiA npaAiciB,
npocTOpH C1Ir3.l\H BAOBiK 6eperiB piK, J!!O IlOCTatJa.l\H
pH6H Ta 6y.llH aapaaoM 3HaMeHHTHM AOpOrOBKa.SoM
niAtJac .l\OBC!'JbKHX M3HApiBOK y He.SHaHi 6AHJ!!i OK0-
.1\Hgi Ta B A3.l\bl1Ii Kpai. 3HaxiAKH a BoAi CTaHbKO-
aoi, MapTHHKOBH11 Ta THAbMaHoaoi BKaayIOTb Ha
icHyaaHHH 11epeaKapnaTCbKoi AoporH, 11H paAI1Ie
cTeiKKH BAOBiK AO.l\HHH piKH AyHaiigH. CT011aTOK gei
A06H MOiKHa K.l\aCTH Ha HKHX 5 THCH'I AiT nepe,ii
XpHCTOM.
3 noHBOIO MiAH M: ao.l\oTa, gHx nepIIIHX ABOX Me-
TaAis, J!!O ix AOiCTOpH'IHe .lllOACTBO Il13Ha.l\O Ta no-
11a.l\O BHKOpHCTOBysaTH AeCb y 3-M THCH'Ie.l\iTTIO ne-
peA XpHCTOM, KiH11HTbCH 11HCTO KaMiHHa, HeoAiTH11Ha
KYAhTypa EsponH. ge nepex'iA siA KaMiHHoi A06H
AO -: 6poHaosoi i TOMY HaaHsasThCH aiH 3ara.l\bHO
nepexiAHbOIO A06010, a6o MiOJl.HOIO 11H eueoJZimUlf.HOIO
A060IO. .
y giM: 406i 6a'IHMO KpaJ!!i KaMiHHi 3HapH44H,
. . ' .
KlCTHHl MO.J\OTKH, npHC.l\H'IKH, aepHOTepKH, r.l\HHHHl
.l\IO,l\CbKi Ta 3BipH'Ii cpirypKH, nep11Ii Mi411Hi npHKpaCH
Ta B neprniM: Mipi Ma.l\bOBaHa KepaMiKa (r.l\HHHHi
BHpofo.1). 04Ha1Je Mi4h, HKOi HeMa 30BCiM Ha nia-
Hi'IHHX ya6i111111x KapnaT, Ha.l\e.tKa.l\a To4i B f'aAH11HHi
AO pi4KOCTH. Mi4b, sMiIIIaHa a
4pyroro MeTa.l\IO, 4aTbCH CKOpIIIe TOilHTH, 41CTa6
rAa4Uiy nosepxHIO M: 30.1\0THCTHH noAHCK, a roAOBHO
cTas 4aAeKo Tsep411Ia. I geM: HOBHH MeTaAh Aas no-
11aToK HOBiH 6pOH30BZU 006i, J!!O npHna4as Ha no
11aTOK 2-ro THCH'IeAiTTH nepe4 XpHCTOM. B HacAi40K
UOCYXH, }IK8 TOAi ,l\OBrO TpHBa.l\a B f a.l\H11HHi, aa6pa-
56
J\HC.H Ha y KpaiHy pelllTKH HeOJ\iTH1IHOro HaCeJ\eHH.H
.Ta Ha ix Micge - onyigeHi OKOJ\H!,!i CTaJ\H. DOBOJ\H
.saceJ\10BaTH (TpaKH) rrpumeAb!Ji is 3aKaprraTT.H. Ha
ge BKa.sye 6araTHH CKap6 6pOH30BHX rrpe,<\MeTiB
Cmapi, iJepeBJIRlli, qepKOBlli xpecmu: a moraTHH; 6 fle.JIMI. 3 6oKy Ba
xpecTi s TieA.Jli BHPHTa ;i;an 1718. 3i s6ipKH MyaeIO T-sa "AeMKiBigHHa"
s C11aoyi.
<l>allbKOBCKi - B. TiawHH!JbKHH. Ha AeMKiBcbKo-6oliKiacbKOMY
npoMelllmi, Abais 1935).
yropcbKoro THrry ia KOJ\O AicbKa. 3 Toro
TaKom qacy sttaeMo OAHH 6poH.sosuli cKap6 a Pa-
iJei1oBelJb, - (HoeocattAeqqutta), AaTosaHHH co1<up-
Ko10 si cxiAgeM qechKoro THIIY Ta 30J\OTHH rrepcTeHb
y BHAi eyma 3 AeHTOBH!Jb (rroe. BmecbKo).
57
AAe 3qacoM KAJMaT ttaIIIHx 3eMeAb 3Haqtto nonpa-
BHBCH, CTaB BOrKiIIIHH, a THM caMHM Kpai:i CTaB
6iAbIIIe npHro.mHH AO 3aMeIIIKaHH.H. B napi a !JHM
HanAHBa6 HOBa iMirpagi.H Ha onycTiAi npoCTOpH aa
KapnaTaMH. npHXOA.HTb 3 YropigHHH HOBi cpHAi Ha-
ceAeHHH Ta 3aHHMaJOqH CepeAYl!!Y f aAHqHHY t AiCTa-
IOTbC.H 3AOB.m C.Htty a.m y CattAOMHpf!!Htty. Hai1AeHi
OAHHgeM Meqi - 3 AHCTOBHAHHM Ae30M y BucoBiU
(f opAHqqHtta), B11ghottmi (KpaKiB) i Ko6epttigax
(EiAa) 6 TOAiIIIHbOro IlOXOA2KeHH.H; .HK piBH02K rAH!JH
1
)
ai cnipaAbHOIO roAOBKOIO, cnip.,AbHHH ttapaMeHHHK
i KpyqeHHH HaIIIHHHHK, HaHAeHi B 3apUJUHi, C.HHigh-
KOro noeiTy; BKittgi 6pott3oei cKap611 B AyKaBHgi
Ta lllJUlXmOBiU.
Ilo 6poH30BiH A06i HaCTYilHAa 3GJZi3HG iJo6a,
3 pi3HHMH cpa3aMH nepeXOAY Ta ,llaAbIIIOIO MaHApiB-
KOIO uaceAeHHH B AOAHHY Ayuai:ig.H ropi piKolO
i AaAbIIIe 3a KapnaTH. IlocTenettHO BHTsop10eTbC.H
igopa3 Kpaige BHpi6HHJ!TBO 3Hap.HM.H Ta IlOCYAHH,
BKittgi B Apyrii:i cpa3i gei ,ll06H B2KHBaIOTb AlOAH
MaH.me BHKJ\JOqffo 3aAi3a, i TO He AHIIIe AO BHpo6y
36pyi Ta rocno,llapCbKOro 3Hap.HAAH -- rOAOBHO qH-
. CJ\eHHHX H02KHKiB i cnHcis, HKHX 3HaHillOBCH Ma6yTb
giAHH cKap6 y JliCbKy, HaA ropiIIIHHM CHHOM -
a.l\e TaK02K AO npHKpac, .HK cpi6yAH Ta cnpH2KKH AO
peMeHiB. bpOH30Bi BHpo6H 6yAH ,llOCHTb piAKi, a 30-
.1\0Ta i1 cpi6Aa TOAi ige He anaAH. IJ!oi:iuo B AaAb
IIIiH cpa3i gei A06H IlOHBJ\HlOTbCH y Hae neprni B3a-
raAi MOHeTH, i TO giAHMH CKap6aMH: 3oAOTi Ta
cpi6ui MOHeTH ttaHAeHi B MornAbHiM (HosHH C a t t ~ ) .
Ha niACTasi cKynHx auaxiAOK Mo.mtta TaKo.m oaHa-
qHTH, igo ABi CTapi qepeaKapnaTCbKi AOporH 6yAH
3AaBHH 3aMeIIIKatti. IlepIIIa 3 gHx 1topir 3acBiAqeua
1
) .HpocAaB nacTepHaK, Ruske Karpaty w archeologii. Opara 1928.
58
AiTonHCHHMH sra,a.KaMH ame I!!OHaHMeHine ai,a. XII.
cT., BHXO,LJ.H.l\a 3 OcTpHroMy Ha A,ytta10 Ta HIII.l\a
nia,a.eHHOcxi,a.HiMH s6iqqHMH MaTpH ,a.o piKH Co.l\oHoi,
nepexoAH.l\a BiATaK y AOAHHY AOAiIIIHboro EoApory,
BiA 3eMII.l\HHY 3BepTa.l\a Ha niBHiq y AOJ\HHY piKH
OttAaBH, BiATaK piKH TenAoi, 6i.l\H CTpHIIIeBa Haaep-
TaAa B ,a.oAHHY piKH TopHcH, Ae BeAa B AOAHHY piKH
IIoxopoHu iJumuHu. Tpyuy seayrb ua canKax, so.11aMu. BoAocaTe.
(R. Cl>a.11bKOBcKi - B. OawuuybKHH, Ha .l\ eMKiECbKo-6oHKiBcbKOMY
npoMell!mi, Absis 1935).
CTonpaAy; BiATaK IIIMaT AOpOrH 3.1\0B;K AiBOro 6e
pera piKH .4,yHaHgH.
A,pyrni1 KapnaTChKHH IIIAHX, ,,nyTh Ha EapAiia"
inaTCbKOro AiTonHcy 3 1262 p., llIIOB THJ\HqCbKHM
npoaa.l\OM AO EapAiesa HaA piKo,a Ten.1\010, a 06ep-
Ta10:Hcb TaM npocTo Ha niBAeHb, AyqHBCH B CTpH
IIIeBl 3 nepIIIHM IIIMIXOM.
59
!JHMH lll./\.RXaMH aa
1
Ia./\H pHMCbKi Kyngi Bi4BiAyBaTH
fa./\HtrnHy, Ha igo BKaayIOTb l.J:HC./\eHHi 3HaxiAKH
pHMCbKHX MOHeT OAHH!JeM i gi./\HMH CKap6aMH, Ta
ii iHlllHX npHHOllleHHX npeAMeTiB pHMCbKoro 6poH-
aiaHH!J,TBa, CKA.RpCTBa ii roHt.IapcTBa. ToAi KiHt.IH./\HC.R
Ha niBAHlO EBponH. no6iAHi 3MaraHH.R
naHyaaHH.R . HaA CBITOM, Ta pa30M 3 . !JHM I HallJI
3eMAi nepexoA.RTb y HOBY poaaoeBy cpaay KY./\bTYPH
- iJo6u pUMCbK020 4icapcmBa. Hace./\eH!fH
AOCTapt.Ia./\o pHMCbKHM Kyng.RM neBHO lllKip, KotKyxrn,
KOHeii, nipH, aaigo AiCTaBa./\o cnepllly aan./\aTy, no
6i./\hllliH l.J:aCTH 3BiHKOlO MOHeTOlO, a noTiM MiHH./\O
CBiH TOBap 3a fJ\HHHHHH, 6poH30BHH i CK./\.RHHH no-
cyA, 6poH30Bi H: 3aAi3Hi . cpi6yAH, cnp.R2KKH, cKA.RHi
HaMHCHHKH, Kpyt.IeHi CK./\.RHi 6pac./\eTH i. T. n. T OAi
6yAa BtKe aace./\eHa AOAHHa Csrny, HKY ai cxiAHbOID
f a./\Hl.J:HHOlO AYt.IHB ToproBe./\bHHH lll./\HX, igo HlllOB
t.Iepe3 KH.RiKHH 3BeHU20pOiJ Ta HHHilllHi noBiTH f O
poAOK i MocTHChKa. 3 niBAHH 3Hoay 3MipHB AO AO
./\HHH piKH BHC./\H - qepea lllHpoKi He3aceAeHi no-
. ./\OCH MitK Csi:HoM Ta OKOAH!JelO npHKpaKiBCbKOlO -
Toproae./\bHHH lllMIX AO./\HHOIO AyHaiigH, igo 6ys
3acBiAl.J:eHHH CKap6aMH AHHapiB y rp116iBCbKOMY
H: caHAe!JbKOMY noBiTax.
AASI Kpaigoro 3po3yMiHHH noAaeMo, igo piaHi Ha
poAH nepexoAHAH, 3axoAHAH, qacoBo Ta AOBllle ne-
petKHBa./\H Ha HalllHX 3eMMIX, a11.e ge He Ha./\etKHTb
AO Hallloi TeMH; .HK piBHOiK IlOAaMO, igo XOl.J: HaBo-
AHMO AeHKi Ha3BHiga oce.11b i MicgeBOCTeH Ha 3a-
xiAHix KapnaTCbKHX 3eM./\HX - OAHat.Ie npo noB-
CTaHHH i HalllHX OCe./\b 6y Ae TOl.J:Hillle B C./\i-
AYlOl.J:HX po3AI./\ax.
0T02K niC./\H !JHX pi3HHX HapoAiB noHBH./\HCH Ha
Y KpaiHCbKHX 3eM./\.RX 3 KiHgeM IV. CT. neprni icTo-
pHt.IHO CTsepAtKeHi TypKo-TaTapcbKi opAH. AAe HaH.:
60
eamuirnmo icTopuquo10 no;iis10 ei;i 375 p. ;io KiHgH
VI. CT. no XpucTi 6y.11.a TaK 3BaHa Be.11.HKa MaH;ipieKa
Hapo;iie, J!!O 3MiHH.ll.a gi.11.KOBHTO o6pa3 cxiAHbOi Ta
cepe;iyJ!!oi Eeponu, npuee.11.a ;io yna,ziKy ceiToey
pHMCbKY iMnepi10 Ta nepepea.11.a y Hae BCHKi 3BH3KH
3 nie;ieHHHM ceiTOM. IJ!oliuo no gHx ryuax i aeapax,
npoTHrOM IV. CT. C.11.oe'HHH aaHH.11.H 6y.11.u eme sci
uami aaxi;iui aeM.11.i. Bi.ti gei MaH,zipieKH uapo;iie gH
;io6a 3BCTbCH ()06010 MaHiJpiBOK HapoiJiB.
flpuaopo'JICH.i KanllU'lKU: a CTynoc11HH, 6 CMi AhHHK K. Aym<0ea, s Y:aurnn.
(.H. <l>aAbKOBcKi - B. nawHH\!bKHH, Ha AeMKiBCbK0-60HKiBCbKOMY
npoMelKlKi
1
Ahsis 1935).
ToMy M: Ha u_arnux aeMMIX eci ei,ziHOCHHH TO-
JdillHboro iKHTTH 3MiHH.11.HCH B giH ;io6i, nepmaaece
3 or .II.HAY Ha gi.11.KOBHTY 3MiHy AOTenepirnHboro Ha-
ce.11.eHHH qepea c.11.oe' HHCbKY K0.11.b0Hiaagi10. I gH ;io6a
Ha HalIIHX 3eMAHX nepeXOAHTb 8 KHRJICY iJo6y, C.11.0
s'HHCbKy, 60 e HiH 6y.11.11 eme eci ttarni aeMAi aace-
.1\eHi ocTaToqHo C.11.oe' HHaMH.
KHHma ;io6a ;ii.11.HTbCH Ha cTaprny noraHCbKY
(600-900) i MO.l\OAlIIY- xpHcTiHHCbKY (900-1100) - .
61
xpeIJ!elfH.ff YKpaiau B 988 p., npH11HC.l\HJO'!.IH
HaH.MO.l\OAIIIY (1100-1375) BLKe AO BilOBHI ICTO-
pH11HOro cepeAHOBi11
1
rn:. .3riAHO 3 KHiBCbKHM AiTonH-
COM poapiLKHff6MO BLKC cxiAHi Ta aaxiAHi CAOB'
n:AeMefla, IJ!O ix poaJVIeawsyJOTb AiHie10 AYKAH Ko-
pocHo (KpacHa) l.JyAe!!b'- AaHJ!YT-TapHoropoA
-KpacHocTaB -Aporu11uu -BiAhChK, J!e6To arpy6wa
flHHiIIIHbOJO eTHorpacpi11HOIO rpaHHJ!CIO,
0AHatie nepwi icTOPH'JHi CAos' HHH, cepeA AOBrnx
3MaraHb onaHyeaAH ceoi Ayme BCAHKi 3CMAi, MyciAH
/
l{epKBa B Ilepynqi, a6. 1798 p. I'puaiBw,una.
nepwycboro o6opoHJOBaTH .ceoi aeMAi nepeA 11acTHMH
Hai3AaMH aaiHCbKHX K0110BHKiB Ta nieHilJHHX repMaH;
TOMY Haii6iAbIIIe nHTOMHMH naMJITKaMH 3 Toro 11acy
6 HKpaa yKpinAeHi OCTaHKH ixHix ropoAiB, 11HCACHHi
zopoiJuwp. HaiicTapwi Hawi ropOAH, araAaHi y KH-
iecbKOMY AiTonucy niA 981 p. Bye J!C OepeMHIIIAb
Ta Apyri ropOAH. B XI. CT. araAy6TbCH Mim ApyrnMH
ropoAaMH CRHiK (1150). AAe cMyra Kpa10 Mim CHHOM
i BHcAOKOM BHKasye AHIIIe TPH AaAeKo poaKHHeHi
ropoAHIJ!a, a caMe y 6paJ!6Hoeiii HaA BucAoKoM,
y CiAhJ!i HaA BucAOIO Ta r opOAHIJ!Y 6iA.ff 5IpocAaB'H
HaA CHHOM.
62
Hami .3aXiAHi 3eM-Ai y KHHmy Ao6y MaJ\H KYAb-
TypHi 3B.ff3KH 3 giAHM ceiToM. KynegbKi KapaeaHH
AOiBAHJ\H am AO flepeMHillJ\.ff. I ge 6yAa Aopora,
.,,KopoAiBCbKHH nyTb" raAHJ'!bKO - BOJ\OAHMHpCbKOro
AiTonHcy, r,go BeJ\a 3 niBH01Ii 3AOBm CHHY AO ne ...
,peMHillAH, a 3BiATaM, a6o BAOBm CHHY a6o Kop0Tmo10
AOporoIO 3AOBm piKH Biropy AO MicTa CHHOKa.
BiACH eeAa 3AOBm CHHY am y AOAHHY piKH CoAHHKH
- Ha 3aKapnaTCbKHH 6iK AOJ\HHOIO piKH !JipoKH am
AO piKH AH6opgH. IJ!e HHillOIO AOporolO 6yAa, Ha
l{epKBQ 'fUpHifi, 36. 1892 p . Tpu6iBtqUHQ.
nieiii11HiM 6ogi KapnaT ,,yropcbKHMH eopoTaMH"
inaTCbKoro AiTonHcy, AOpora 3AOBLK piKH BHcJ\oKy
i 5IcbOAKH Ha AYKA.ffHCbKHH npoBaJ\ - 3AOBm p.
AH6opgH - AO EyAanemTy.
f1011aTKH Hamoro yKpaiHCbKOro OCeJ\bHHJ'!TBa 3a
KapnaTaMH ---::- Tpe6a BeamaTH Ha 11acH
p03BOIO yKpalHCbKOrO. oceJ\bHHJ'!TBa Ha 3aXIA I mB-
AeHb, e VII - VIII e.; TiAbKH ge nepeicHe oceAbHHJ'!TBo,
RK eBaraAi Ha oKpaiHH, a AO Toro r,ge eiATHTe Kap-
naTCbKHM xpe6TOM BiA KOJ\bOHi3agiHHHX BOrHHI,g, My-
ciAO 6y!H AOCHTb piAKe, i J'!HM MOmeMO
CKope I rJ\HKOKe BHHapOAOBAIOBaHH.ff yKpalHCbKHX
ocaA Ha niAKapnaTCbKiH: piBHHHi. AHme Ha caMiM
63
niAripIO i B ropax - ge6To B KapnaTax, MeHme
npHea6m:tx A.IUI HOBHX npHXOAiB, yKpa"iHCbKe Hace-
.l\eHH$1, 3 notJaTKy, nesHo, Ayme piAKO ii CAa6o oce-
AeHe, MaAo qac po3MH02KHTHCH H: Ta
3aBAHKH TOMY 3aAepmaAO CBOIO OKpeMlIIIHlCTb 1 eTHO
rpacpi1IHY nepesary AD Ham11x qacis. 0Tme TBep-
A2KeHHH - Haqe AeMKH BHBOAHTbCH 3 pyMyHis-cep6is
llpaaH.uK nepe11.ece1tH.Jl Puau llp. Bozopoauu,i n AoniHyi 15. VII. 1934 p.
Cn11qeHRJ1 BOAH B noToyi i npa1J!a&e11 npoyecil a cyci4Hboro ceAa. Ha
3aKiHqeeHJI 06p114y yqaCHHKH CBSITB KJ\BHSllOTbCJI Bsai
0
MHO AO no11ca.
(<DoT. R. <Da.\ bKOllCKi).
i '!' n. - Ta igo BOHH npHHIIIAH B KapnaTH i Kap-
naTCbKe niAripH B qaci, HK i niAripH i HaBiTb CaMi
ropH 6yAH sme B 3HatJHiH Mipi OKynoBaHi qymo-
3eMHHMH eAeMeHTaMH, Ta ige AO Toro y BCIX BH-
riAHiIIIHX MiC!JHX, BCTHr.l\H ix TaK CHJ\bHO onaHyBaTH,
i TO nepeXOAHlJH 3 faAHlJHHH qepea nopoLirniH: (HK
Tpe6a iioro co6i B TaKoMy paai npeACTaB.l\HTH!)
64
IIIHpOKHH KapnaTCbKHH IlOHC! TaKe TBepA2KeHHH
. HeMa6 maAHHX HayKOBHX OCHOB i AOKa3is Ta iioro
SIK 6e3sapTicHe noMHHaeMo i Bi.llKH,llaeMo. I Halli
AiTonucegb, npeACTaBMUOt.iH, igo BoAOAHMHp mus
"B MHpt" 3 cyciAaMH (oKO.l\bHblMH) i Mim HHMH -
3 yropcbKHM KopoAeM, Ma6yAb He npeACTaB.l\HB co6i
IlOHCa HKOIOCb 6e3AIOAHOIO, nop02KHOIO
nycTHHeIO. BnpoqiM AeMKY, HK i Apyri Y KpaiHgi
oce.l\IOBaAH giAi 3axiAHi KapnaTH i TO no o6ox cTo
poHax - He s XII. a6o XIII. cToAiTTIO, .l\HIIIe ge
Mor .1\0 AIHTHCH nepeA THM, IlOKH noqaBCH oce.l\b
HH!JbKHH pyx Ha KapnaTCbKe ni.Aripsr i B ropH BiA
IlO.l\YAHH, B qacax p03BOIO yKpaiHCbKO"i KOJ\bOHi3agii
BBaraAi; oTom nepsicHHMH MeIIIKaH!JHMH KapnaT 6a-
t.IHMO He Bo.l\OXiB, He MaAHpiB, aHi HiMgiB a6o no-
.1\HKiB, .l\HIIIe TYT npHHIII.l\H paaoM 3 csoiMH 6paTaMH
CAos' .RHaMH Y KpaiH!JHMH - HK HeBiApHBHa i Tictto
3 HHMH ss' Hsatta yKpaiHcbKa siTKa AeMKH Ta AO
cyqacHoi nopu sace.l\IOIOTb giAi 3axiAHi KapnaTH.
TaK<;>* KapnaTH He CTatty.l\H HenpoxOAHMHM MY
poM M1.m ABOMa qacTHHaMH Toro caMoro HapoAy.
HaanaKH ixHi nposa.l\H ss'Hsa.l\H ix Mi!JHO pasoM
i CTaHy.l\H AJ\.R HHX THM, quM Ha iHIIIHX, _HH
SHHHHX npocTopax HaIIIHX yKpaIHCbKHX seMe.l\b plKH;
caMe: npHpOAHHMH Ill.l\.RXaMH 3
1
6,<\HHeHH.R OKpeMHX
poAiB Ta n.l\eMeH B OAHY .Ky.l\hTypHo- HagioHa.l\bHY
giAicTb - OAHH se.l\HKHH Y KpaiHCbKHH HapiA.
K H ~ I K I 4ACI1.
CAoB.RHH, Hami npeAKH, BBJHIIIAH B 1cTopuo ~ K
nAeM' .ff BO.RKiB-3aBOHOBHHKiB. 3i CB06i npa6aTbKiB-
IJ!HHH, i3 6e3MeLKHHX nyIJ! cxiAHboi EsponH, BOHH
nop03XOAHAHC?. H ~ BCI CTOpOHH, nonpoMOIJ!YBaAH AO-
poru cepeA HeTpIB Ta ApHrOBHHHH, onaHyBaAH Be-
AHKi piKH, BBipeaAHCH y cTenH. OpoT.RroM cToAiTb
noycysaAH ai caoro IIIAxy 11ymi HapoAH, nepe6HAHCH
AO 4opHoro Mop ii AiHIIIAH AO HCAOCTynHHX KapnaT.
BoHH HIIIAH see enepeA, 3aHMaAH see Hoai npocTopH,
BiA6HBaAH HanaAH aaiHCbKHX OpA, aaceAIOBaAH AHKi
IlOAH. y 3MaraHHHX 3 HHIIIHMH IlAeMeHaMH BOHH ne-
peMaraAH CB06l0 CBiLKOIO 6yiiHiCTIO Ta HeCTpHMHHM
poarOHOM. !J,iAa Il01IaTKOBa opraHiaagiH nepeiCHHX
cAos' HH cnHpaAac Ha poAH ii nAeMeHa. Pio ge
6yAa BCAHKa pOAHHa, IJ!O CKAaAaAaCH 3 KiAbKOX Ae-
CHTKiB AIOAeH, IlOCBOH1ICHHX MiLK co6010. lKHJ\H BOHH
B OAHiH oceAi, MaAH cniJ\bHe M8HHO - aeMJ\i, J\iCH,
AOBHIJ!a, xyAo6y Ta niAJ\HraAH BJ\aAi HaHCTapmoro
B poAi. 4AeHH poAy aaaiMHO co6i noMaraAH. KoAH
XTO OAHOro 3 HHX IlOKpHBAHB, yci Ma./\H aa IlOKpHB-
ALKCHOro aacTynaTHCH. KoAH Koro e6HTO, CBOHKH
MaAH o6os' 30K niMCTHTH iioro cMepTb. AAe HaH-
samHime aaeAaHHH poAy 6yAo o6opoHHTH caoix AIO-
AeH: BiA eopomoro HanaAy. CAOBHHH cTaBHJ\H caoi
oceAi B HeAOCTynHHX Micgx, y rycTOMY Aici a6o
~ e p e A HenpoxiJJ;HHX 6oJ\OT. y KpinAIOBaJ\H ix BaJ\OM
I qacTOKO./\aMH.
5
66
4AeHH po.ity HIIIAH B 6iH, 6opoH.ffqH cao10 pIAHY
oceAIO, caoix miHOK i .itiTeii, caoe .MaHHO ii ysecb
CBiH .ito6yToK; 6opOAHCH 3aB3HTO, 60 6opOTb6a pi-
IIIa.l\a npo Te, qH iKHTH iM, qH npona.itaTH. CTpoei.it
Ha.it BiHCbKOM po.ity MaB HaHCTapIIIHH y po.iti, a6o
TOH, KOMY qJ\eHH po,1ty .itopyqnAH geii o6oa' .H30K.
3.ita6TbCH, 3BaBCH BiH CTapocTa.
6iAbIIIe po.itiB, 3aMeIIIKyIOqH OAHY OKOAH!JIO TBO-
pHAO lllleM' fl. CTAeM' .ff 6,ltHa.l\H cniAbHi 06Hqai, aipy-
I.{epKBa B /l,aposi
.a6. 1?27 p.
I.{epKsa s lfllcmozop6i s6 1900.)
(<1>oT. R <l>a.l\bKOBCKi)
aaHHH, cnoci6 iKHTTH, OAHr, roaip. B qaci He6e3neKH
no6.l\H3bKi oceAi YMOB.l\H.l\HCH, HK BHCTYDHTH Ha BO
. . .
pora, 3aKAati;a.l\H Cill.l\bHI yKpmAeHHH, np11roTOB.l\H.l\H
Micg.H, .ite ace HaceAeHHH MOrAo cxosaTHCH. Ha qoAi
DJ\eMeHH CTOHJ\H KHR3i, a CTapIIIHHH poti;iB TBOpHAH
pa.ity, Biqe,
Haii.itaBHiIIIHH Halli AiTonHc . no.itae iMeHa II.l\eMeH,
J!!O iKH.l\H Ha yKpaiHCbKHX 3eM.l\HX i 6yti;ysa.l\H co6i
TaM MoryTHi ropoAHJ!!a. Ha Ha-
IIIHX 3eMeJ\b IlOBCTaJ\H 3a KHHiKHX qacIB CJ\aBHI qep-
BeHCbKi ropOAH, PHA MOfYTHix TBep.itHHb MiiK 6yroM
. Ta CHHOM, OAHaqe - XTO gi yKpinAeHHH 3acHysae,
npo ge AiTonucgi He nepeKa3a.l\H HaM Hiqoro. AAe
r
I
.Moryi'Hi J!!O 3aJ\HlIIHJ\HCH AOCI, CBl,lJ;lJaCb
npo CHAY TOAilIIHOI AepmaBHOCTH.
AAe CJ\oe' HHH He AOpiBHJOBaJ\H HHlIIHM HapoAaM
36poaJO ii opr'aHiaa!!ia10, 3aTe nepeBHJ!!HAH ix cno-
co6oM 6yAOBH ropoAiB. B faAH'llHHi a ix noHaA 100.
l..JacTHHa !!HX ropOAHJ!! IIOXOAHTb ia AOiCTOpHllHHX
qacie, aAe nepeea.tKAHBe 'llHCJ\o 3 V.-VIII. CTOAiTT.ff.
C . .l\OB
1
HHCbKi nAeMeHa . He MaAH CHJ\H nepeMorTH BO
porie y 'llHCTOMY noAi, TO ii 6opoAHCH TaK, J!!O cTa-
BHJ\H cKpiab yKpinAeHi ropoAH. I ropH KapnaTH Han-.
-KpaJ!!e Ha,ll;aBaJ\HCH' AO TaKoi o6opoHH.
Ha maAb HiAe He HaxoAHMO icTopH1rnHx eicTOK,
J!!O IIOAaBaJ\H foi' HKHH AiHCHHH CTaH icHyBaB B 3a-
xiAHix 11acTHHax KapnaT aa neplIIHX: yKpaiHCbKHX
KHnaie. Otttta11e He yAnrae HaHMeHlIIOMY cyMHieoei,
'J!!O Hallli npeAKH i TYT MyciAH aaeanTo 6opoHHTHC.ff
nepeA piaHHMH aaH:;J;aMH; THM na11e, J!!O KapnaTH
3.tJ;aBHH 6yAH AaKOMHM KYCKOM i TOMY piaHi nocnraAH
3a !!HMH aeMAHMH. B nepllly 11epry cepeA rycTHX
KapnaTcbKHX npaAicie - lieK0He11Ho Tpe6a 6yAo 6y
.AyBaTH OKpeMi CXOBl1J!!a, 60 caMa KapnaTCbKa npH-
po;J;a, HK AicHa ryJ!!a, 60.1\0Ta, piKH, HenppXOAHMi
Bep.xH 6yAH AOCKOHaJ\OJO oxopOHOJO nepeA llYiKHMH
3aa1xaHHHMH.
MaaMo .BnpaBAi cKyni eicTKH npo Apyri yKpaIHCbKi
3eMAi 3a KHHiKHX 11acie, Ta .3Ha6MO, J!!O npeAKH Hallli
BHHlIIJ\H a O;J;Horo cxi;J;Hboro cepeAOBHJ!!a, J!!O B ceoix
noxo,ll;ax aaHlIIAH AaAeKo Ha aacnHCbKi 3eMAi Ta TYT
<>CeJ\JOBaJ\HCH -. i !!e caMe HaBOAHTb TBepA.tKeHHH,
J!!O HiXTO HHlIIHH - /\Hille !!i caMi AJOAH - .ffK i Ha
.Apyrnx yI<paiHCbKHX 3eMJ\HX - OT.tKe yKpaiH!!i -
.A8AH ocHoey niA TOAilIIHe .tKHTTH H: niaHilIIHH poa-
BHTOK yKpaiHCbKoro nAeMeHH B KapnaTax, J!!O eiA
AeJ!!O BiAMiHHOi CB06i roeipKH BiA ApyrHX yKpaiH-
CbKHX roeopiB - IIpH6paAO 3 6iroM 11acy - Ha3BHJ!!e
5*
68
AeMKH. OttttaLJ:e Ha ge ocTaHHe 3J\OmHAoc.a 6araTo
npHLJ:HH i enAHeie tipyrHx nocTopoHHix LJ:HH-
HHKIB.
3Ha6MO TOLJ:HO, IMO eme yKpaiHCbKi KHH3i 6paAH
1;1AeM' .a AeMKie B o6opotty nepe4 HaisHH-
KaMH Ta IXHIM BH3HCKOM, IlOMaraAH iM TaKom BHnH-
IJ,epKBa B HoBoMy
CaHrti.
BoAocaTe.
(<l>oT JJ. <l>aJ\bKOBCKi) .
paTH eopora 3 IllAKapnaTCbKHX 3eMe.l\b I 31 CaMHX
KapnaT.
IJ!e 3a KH.ffmHx LJ:acie ocepeAKOM CHHOKa 6yAH
KHHmi mepeMU (naAaTH-3aMOK), a IlOJ\bCbKi AiTOnHcgi
nMlllrrn npo noAbCbKoro KopoA.a Ka3HMHpa, ara-
AYIOTh, IMO eiH yme B 1352 p. nepe6yeae y c.attigh-
KOMH 3aMKy. Tenep HeMa ii cAiAy atti 3 ttaBHhoro
KH.ffmoro 3aMKy, aHI . 3 gepKBH, .ffKa 3BHLJ:a6M HaWHX
KH.Raie 6yAa npH 3aMKy. Ha Micgi ttaBHhoro KHH-
69
3aMKY 6 Tenep y 3aMoK, IMO iioro qo-
Myco 3BYTb ,,3aMKOM no.i\bCbKoi Kopo.i\eBH EottH".
Ha3aa !JH 6e3niACTaatta,
1
) 60 Micgeae noAaHHH npo
<>CHOBHH!JIO 3aMKY B C.SIHogi Kp. Bo Hy, onepTe Ha
HeicTopH'IHHX - BHAyMaHHX OCHOBax - 60 XOll
y HbOMY 2KH.i\a B XVI CToAiTTIO Kopo.i\eaa EoHa, TO
He Ha ii npHKa3 3aMoK 36yAyBaAl:f. Mom.i\HBe i ge
6i.l\bllle npaBAOIIOAi6He, 1!!0 AA.SI Hei CTapHH 3aMOK
HaIIIHX KHH3iB nepe6yAyBaAH. AaAbme ,3HaeMo, IMO
C.SIHiK 3a.l\02KH.i\H yKpaiHCbKi KHH3i, HKO o6opoHHHH
3?MOK; BiH Ha.i\etKaB yKpaiHCbKo-pyCbKOro B06-
BIACTBa, pHAHBCH yKpa1HcbKHM-pycbKHM npaaoM, HKe
B CHHi!J,bKHX 3eMJ\.SIX AOXOBaAOC.SI AO 1434 p.
Tpe6a TaKom' 3raAaTH, IMO s 1241 p., HK TaTapH
..11.iiiIIIAH am Ha noAH AirHi!J,H - MicTo lla AO.i\iIIIHbO-
My W.i\eCbKY _:___ TOAi 3aqii:IHAH 3a CHHiK i iioro
<qaCTHHHO 3py'iiHyBa.l\H. 3apa30M ge neprna._ icTopHtIHa
3raAKa npo 1'1icTo CaHiK. ,
Oo6AH3bKi .ceAa CHHOKa, EocbKO, Eepe3is (Tene-
pirnHe MiCTe'IKO), KoMaHbtia, Ky.i\HlllHe, npyciK, Co-
J\HHKa, CypoBHJ!H, THp.Sisa, IJJaaHe ii 51tIMHp nAa-
1'HAH I!!e B 1496 p. n3aMKOBe" Ha Hanpaay CHHiJJ,b-
.KOfO 3aMKy.
2
)
HaToMicgb Hitio He 3Ha6MO npo notiaTKH 3aMKY
Ha Co6HHi, KO.AO MaHaCTHp!J,R, 6iAH AicbKa, 60 aiH
6ys yme B XVI. cToAiTTIO po3BaAeHHH.
8
)
PiaHoiK 3a qacia yKpai'HCbKoro KHH3H Bo.i\OAHMHpKa
eTOHB 3aMOK no ApyroMy npaaoMy 6ogi CHHY 'B Ai-
cax, 1!!0 Tenep Ha.i\etKaTb llaCTHHHO AO EiAoi r opH,
.AimHi Ta BiAbxoaegb. Ko.i\H geii 3aMoK po3aaAHBCH,
npo Te HeMae icTopHtIHoi 3raAKH. OcTaAa AO Cbo-
1
) BA. KyxapcKi: i Sanocka Ziemia w dohie Piast6w i Jagietl6w.
J\bRiB 1906. CT. 8.
) Kaann: Sprawozdanie fizjograficznej Komisji. T. III.
3
) 0. 4oAOBcKi: Dawne zamki i twierdze na Rusi halickiej. .l\baia
1892. CT, 47 . .
70
roAHi e Aici Ha BiAiH f opi, (CTYAH.H) KepHH!J.H 3BaHa.
Kopo.Aesoi BoHH Ta Ae.HKi KaMiHHi pyMoBHI,!!a.
3apa30M HiAe HeMa6 IlOAaHH.H npo CTapHHHiH KH.H-
}KHH 3aMoK, I,!!O lioro c.\iAH 3aAepmaAH Ha MHMOHJO
~ (npuci.AOK bOCbKa). 3 Apyroi CTOpOHH Ha 3aXOAi,.
HaA piKOIO nonpaAOM, Ae BAHBa6TbC.H pitJKa PocTOKa,.
,llepeBllRH.a OBBiH.ut/R. CMepeK, nos. AicKo.
(<DoT. 51. Ct>aAbKOBCKi).
CTO.H.l\a B 1017 P. CTpamHH!J.H-3aMOK, I,!!O 6y.Aa no-
AyqeHa niA3eMHHM nepeXOAOM (noAi6HHH ni,l\3eMHHK
nepexiA 6ye Mim B.l\aCTHBHM C.HHi!JbKHM 3aMKOM i 6i-
AOropCbKHM), 30 3aMKOM y HaeolioeiH. TaKHHme
aaMoK 6ye y MynrnHi, A106oeHi - 3ropie y 1553 p.,
Aa.Abllle e lfoplllTHHi, TponIIJTHHi(?). Y gHx aaMKax.
u ..
aaxopOHIOBa.l\H AIOAH C806 MaHHO 1 !JI.he HaceAeHHH
CaHAeqqffHH xopoHH.l\OC.H nepeA TaTapcbKHMH Ha-
na,l\aMH.
71
3'oKpeMa giKaei noAii CaHAetitIHHH Mi.m 1259-
-1260 p., HK TaTapH HIIIJ\H Ha 3axiA niA KpaKie,
TOAi yKpaiHe!Jb neTpo 3 KpaMnHoi no6HB ix Ta po-
BirHae, J!!,O cAiAy He cTa.l\o 3 ix nepwux cTe.m.
0AHatie TaTapH, ApyrHM HaeopoTOM, B2Ke 8 1287 p.
3Hoey 3araH.ffIOTbC.ff Ha 3axiAHi 3eMAi, na.l\.ffTb Hoeuii
Topr, aJ\e H .Tenep no6iq CaHtia poBrpoMAeHi, eep-
TaIOTb Ha CXJA.
3Ha6MO BiATaK, J!!,O Mi2K 1313-1320 pp. AOXOAHTb
Mi.m HaceAeHH.ffM CaHAetitIHHH AO qacTHX nepena.l\OK
3 oce.l\eHJJ.ffMH 3 3axoAy; CaHAetitiaHH He xotiyTh ne-
penycKaTH lIJ2KHX KOpa6.l\iB, HaeaHTa2KeHHX BC.ffKHM
A06poM, KpoMi CO.l\H, 60 Ha ci.l\b He 6y.l\o TOAi MHTa
ceoiM pycAOM piKH AyHaiig.a. Aonepea. DO.l\b-
chKHH KOpOAb Ka3HMHp y 1345 p. HaKa3ae oKpeMHM
npueiAeeM (XL-I.) eiJ\hHHH nepeiBA Ha
qepe3 Bill, ?KMnropoA, CHHiK i Aa.l\bIIIe. 3 gux qacie
1
)
Ma6MO BraAKY npo ceAa: BHcoey, BepxoeHIO (Bip-
XOMJ\10), 3AO!JbKe, Aa6oey, AeA10xie, PocTaHHe, Po
CTOKy, CoAOTBHHH, CeHTKoey, THAHlI, THxaHIO, l.Jop-
Hy, lliJ\HXToey H 5leipKH.
Ha 3ax0Ai,2) Mail.me no TiH
AiHii, J!!,O Al.l\HTb CbOrOAHH yKparngrn BIA. IlO.l\.ffKIB,
MaJ\H HaIIIi npeAKH cyciAaMH .l\HIIICbKi a6o IlOJ\bCbKi
nAeMeHa. sci AaHi TeepAHTH, J,!!O TYT eTHor'pa-
cpitIHa rpaHHJJ.ff npoT.ffrOM iCTOpHtIHHX qacie nocyHy-
.1\aC.ff Ha cxiA, Ha HeKopHCTb yi<.paiHCbKOro HapOAY
Te caMe Moama c1<.aBaTH 6iAhIIIMeHw i npo yi<.pa-
iHCbKocAoeagbKe norpaHHlllI.ff B Me.max CbOrOAHfflIIHOi
niAKapnaTcbKoi Y 1<.paiHH - Pycu. 3a KapnaTaMH Ma
AHPH a6o yrpu, .ffKi npHHWJ\H TJAH B KiHgi IX. e.,
3HaHWJ\H eme yi<.paiHChKi - pycbKi ocaJi;H. AJ\e Ha
no.l\i BiAHOCHH IlO.l\iTHlIHHX B3a6MHH 3 MaAHpCbKOIO
1
) CHTBBbcKi I.: Historja Nowego Sl\cza. J\beie 1901. T. III.
) npocp. ,l{. ,l{opomeHKO, HapHC lcTopii YKpai'HH. T. I. CT. 36.
72
.ir;epmaso10 no11HHa10Tb rpaTH poAIO am B XI. cTo-
J\ITTIO.
CTpo 3axi.ir;Hi YKpaiHCbKi 3eMAi .ir;o cepe.ir;HHH XII.
CTOAiTT.ff. Ma6MO J\H!e .ir;e.H.Ki ypHBKOBi BiCTKH. y no-
r J\H.ll;ax J\ITOHHC!JH !JI 3eMJ\l npe.ir;cTaBJ\.fflOTbCH IlOJ\0-
COIO si11Horo cynepHH!JTBa YKpaiHH-PycH Ta CToAbJ!!i;
lf epes1uma iJasiHUqR no6i'l qepKsu. KoMaH11a n. CRHiK.
(Cl>oT. 51. <l>aJ\bKOBCKi).
AiTOIIHCHi BiCTKH 6 HatJe BiArOMOHOM 6e3HaCTaHHOi
6opOTb6H YKpaiHH-PycH 3 noAbJ!!elO 3a faAH11HHY
B XI. CT. Ayme giKase TYT .ffBHJ!!e, J!!O CTepeMHIIIJ\b
BHCTynae TOAi .ffK roAOBHHH, Haif.ir;asHiIIIHH ocepe.ir;oK
niBHiIIIoi f aAH11HHH. fpyIIIeBCbKHH s ,,lcTopii YKpaiHH
PycH" no.ffCHIOe, J!!O .ir;yme M02KJ\HBO, J!!O CTepeMHIIIAb
. . .
ysamaAH .ir;asHIIIIe 3araAbHHM ocepe.ir;KoM AA.ff !JIAoro
CTi.ir;KapnaTT.ff, .HK TaKom cKyq11eHa yKpaiHCbKa KOJ\bO
. . . .
HI3a!JI.ff MJCIJ\a AOCHTb BHXOAHTH 3a CBOIO TenepIIIIHIO
73
rpamqpo Ha pismrni, Ta I<OAH 3a BoAOAHMHpa yKpa-
iHCbKa noAiTHqHa rpaHHJ:!R TRrAacR ,,am no KpaKis,"
. . .
BOHa Ae,llBO q11 BHXO,llHAa 21.yme 3HaqHo 3a Tl MIIIIaHI
TepHTOpn.
Oi3HiIIIe yKpaiHCbKHM KH.H3.HM piAKO KO.AH (xi6a
:ige 3a1 51poc.Aasa) yAaAOCR B gi.AOCTH sepHyTH AO
I'ocnoaapi niiJ 4epKB010. KoMaHh'la n. CHniK.
(<l>oT. R. <Pa.11bKOBcKi).
Bo.l\OAHMHposoi rpaH11gi, 3aropHyT11 gi MiIIIaHi 0Kpa-
1H11. OpoTHBHO, BiA KO.l\H KpaKis 3s' R3aHo TicHiIIIe
3 nOJ\bCbKOIO ,llepmaBOIO, 00.1\RKH Il01:1HHaIOTb CRraTH
ii no 1:111cTo yKpaiHChKi 3eM.Ai. 3a ooAec.Aasa Xo-
po6poro, s 1:1aci oc.l\a6AeHHR Y KpaiH11.:Pyc11 no cMepTH
BoAOAHMHpa, Oo.ARKH npasAono.n,i6Ho 3a6pa.A11 He
Ti.AbKH '80.1\HHCbKe 3a6ymmR, a.l\e TaKOiK f a.AHl:IHHy,
74
Ta 8epHeHO g1 8Tpant Ha3aA am KiJ\bKaHaHgHTb J\iT
maHiwe.
npH IlOAiJ\i 3eMeJ\b aa BoJ\OAHMHpa, fa.llH11HHY
B.lly11eHo 8 OAHY 80.llOCTb . 3 Bo.llHHIO 8 pyKax Eo-
pHca, noTiM Bce80J\OA_.a. ni3Hiwe nepeXOAHTb 8 6e3-
nocepeAHlO 8.1\aCTb KHIBCbKOro KHH3H.
3axiAHi yKpaiHCbKi 3eMAi pa30M 3 TenepiWHbOIO
AeMKi8IgHHOIO HaAemaJ\H TOAi AO 8eAHKoi KHiBCbKOi
AeptKa8H. 6AHiCTb KHi8CbKoi Aepma8H icHy8a.lla Ba
5lpoc./\a8a MyAporo (1019-1054), KOJ\H Maiime 8Ci
. ' u
3eMJ\I, 3ace.lleHI CXIAHO-CJ\a8 .RHCbKHMH -- OT2Ke H
yKpaiHCbKHMrt IlJ\eMeHaMH, yeiHWAH B CKAaA giei
Aepma8H, CKiH11HJ\OCH ia CMepTIO .Hpoc.l\aBa 1054
poKy.
Bme geii KHH3b IlOAiAH8 Aepmaey Mim C80iMH
CHHaMH 8 TOH cnoci6, igo HaHCTapwoMy C80MY CH-
H08i faHcAaey AaB K11i8 i HosropoA; CsHTOC.llaey
Aas 4epHiri8 3 no,ll;aJ\bWHMH BeMMIMH; Bceso.lloAy
- nepe.ffCAaB Ta nieHi11HHH PocToB; IropIO - Bo-
J\HHb; BR11ec.llaey - CMo.lleHCbK; 8HyKoei PocTHCAaey
- faAH11HHY 3 HaH,ll;aAblllHMH Ha 3aXOAi 3eMA.ffMH,
caMe 3 JleMKiBW,UHOIO. 0.ll;Ha11e He3rOAa, Mimyco6Hgi
6paTiB cnpH11HHHAH, igo npogec 8HAiJ\eHH.ff OKpeMHX
BeMe.llb iB OAHoi cni.llbttoi Y KpaiHCbKoi Aepma8H no-
11HHa6TbC.ff 8/Ke B1'.fpa3HO B KiHgi XI. BiKy. nepwoIO
BiAOKpeMH.l\aC.ff r aAH"IHHa. Ii gaxonHJ\H TPH MOAOAi
KHH3i PiopHK, Bo.llOAap i BacH.llbKO PocTHCJ\aeH11i.
Ix AiA, Bo.llOAHMHp 5lpocJ1.aeH11, noMep paHfwe 8iA
c8oro 6aTbKa 5lpoc.lla8a MyAporo, Ta ix 6aTbKO
PocTHC.1\38 .Hpoc.lla8, 3po6HBC.R iBroeM Ta yTiK AO
TbMyTopo1<atti (KHiBCbKHH nopT Ha 03iHCbKiM Mopi),
wyKaTH igacT.R-,ll;O.lli. TyT aoro OTpyi.llH rpeKH. BiH
J\HWH8 y .lliTonHcgH TaKy naM
1
.ffTb: .,ceii PocTHC.llaB
6y8 Mym Ha eiHHi 8iA8aLKHHH, pocToM rapyHii, .llH-
geM KpaCHHH, AMI e6omx MH.l\OCepHHH. Yioro TPH
75
CHHH Myci.l\H TOAi 3icTaTHCH J!!e Ayme MOJ\OAHMHj Ha
icTopwrny apeHy BOHH BHXOAHTb am KiJ\bKaHaHgHTb
AiT ni3HiIIIe. no.l\HIIJHJ\HC.R BOHH, npa13,tJ;OilO.tJ;i6HO 6e3
ycsKHX eoJ\o.cTeH." MoAoAi PocTHCAaew1i, 3a.l\HIIIHB
IIIHC.R CHpoTaMH, caMi 3.tJ;o6yAH co6i yAi.l\H B faAH-
11HHi i TeepAo TaM 3aciAH. P10pHK, J!!O 3axonHe 6ys
nepeMHlllJ\b, CKOpo IlOMep; no HOMY BOJ\O.tJ;ie nepe-
KoonepamusHuli Kypc s 31wq.bKiM s 1929 p.
no cepeAliHi Bnp. o. AeKaH j siSHTaTOP Ieaa KaqMap, iacn. A. faepHJIKO,
Apyrni:i eiA Jlieol CTOpOHH CHAHTb npocp. n. TpycKaeeubKHH.
MHlllAeM pa30M 3i 3aC.RHCbKHMH 3eMJ\.RMH BoAOAapb,
J!!O 6opoHHTb ceoix 3eMeJ\b nepeA cyciAHOIO floAb-
J!!eIO ii YropJ!!HHOIO. BiH 3acHyeae AHHacTiIO, .RKa
naHyeaAa e faAH11HHi am AO caMoro KiHgSI XII. cTo-
AiTTH. 0KpaiHHi yKpaiHchKi 3eMAi, KYAH Maiime He
AOC.ffra.l\H IlOJ\OBegbKi HaCKOKH (flaJ\OBgi
1
- ge 11H-
1
) n. foJ1y6oecbKHH: neqeairn, TopKH i noJ1oeui AO npHXOAY TaTap.
KHIB, 1884.
76
-CAeHHa i . CHJ\bHa opAa ai CXOAy, l!!,O '6iAblll Him Ha
niBTOpa CTOAiTTH CTaAa cnpaBmHiM DmlGiM 6u11eM
AAH YKpaiHCbKHX' 3eMe.l\b . . oopoTb6a 3 no.l\OBJ!HMH
HanoBHl06 co6010 icTopi10 rriBAeHHoi YKpaiHH, am
AO npuxoAy TaTap B rreplll'ii:i rroAOBHHi XIII. cToAiTTH),
AyiKe CKopo apo6HAHCH AlOAHOlO H 6araTolO KpaiH010,
3 po3BHHYTHM rocnoAapcTBOM i ToproeAelO. CTpo
BiJtHOCHHH AO 0oAbl!!,i Bnepllle 11Y6MO
1
) B AiTOITHCHiH
aan11cgi niA 1092 p.: ,,Cboro poKy eo10BaA1-r CToAbl!!,Y
no.l\OBJ!i 3 BacHAeM PocTHCAaBH110M," l!!,O KJ\HBCH
nepeA CB06l0 6paTi6lO -.,-- ,,A;aHTC MeHi CBOlO MOJ\OA;lllY
Apym11Hy - i H rro4yMae o6opoHHTH i rriMCTHTH
yKpaiH:c:bKy aeMAlO - nl4y, a6o a406yAy co6i cAaay,
a6o roAOBY CBOlO noAomy 3a yKpaiHCbKY 3eMAlO.
HHllloi raAKH He 6yAO a cepgi MoiM; B TiM KAeHycH
EoroM i iioro ripHI1IeCTBi6M, l!!,O He noAyMaB H 110-
roc:b 3.1\0ro cyrrpOTH 6paTii M06i!" 00HCHCHHH gei
BiAipsaHoi sicTKH HaXOAHMO y crroeiAH Bac11AbKa, 60
BOHa Mome MaT11 ABOHKe 3Ha11iHHH: 6opoHHTH YKpa-
iHy-Pycb BiA rrpeTeHciH ITOJ\bCbKHX .i MCTHTHCH 3a
AaBHi 3MaraHHH - BiAipaaTH 3axiAHi yKpaiHCbKi 3eMAi.
QqeaHAHO BacH.l\bKO 11ya ce6e CHAbHillIHM, aiH ysa-
mas MO.lKJ\HBHM n;epeHeCTH 6opOTb6y Ha ITOJ\bCbKHH
I'pyHT i HaBiTb ,,B3HTH," ce6TO 3pyttHyBaTH n3eMJ\lO
AHACbKylO."
AAytolll (rroAbCbKHH icTopHK), l!!,O TYT 11eprrae no
BCHKiH rrpaBAOITOAi6HOCTH 3 3aTpa11eHoro yKpaiH-
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1
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AHH KOpOJ\b r eH3a npHCJ\aB caoro 6aHa 66.1\Yllla
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TaM r eH3a yme B3HB CHHiK i nycTOlllHB OKOJ\Hgi
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qac Ayme HeHapytIHHH, 60 3aXOAHTb 3HMa (6ya Ki-
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78
3,ita6TbCH, IgO SlR He scnis Ha tiaC 40 r eH3H Ta
nposopttiCTb BoA04HMHpKa sHpaTysaAa i:ioro; siH
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AO sii:icbK csoro coI03HHKa. BoA04HMHpKo ganoeis,
J!!O He 4apye faHcAasosi aa yropchKi noxo4H Ha iioro
3eMAIO, aAe .sme 1153 p. HarAo noMep.
BoAOAHMHpKosi s icTopii aaxi4HHX y1<paiHCbKHX
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AO MoryqocTH H CHAH, HK 6y4isHHqHH 4epmasH npH
sis faAHqHHY - giAy g AeMKiSIMHHOIO 40 samHoro
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.a6y4ysas ~ H A Y i cAasy faAHqHHH, HKY noTiM a Ta1<010
nosaroIO gacTynas i:ioro CHH .HpocAas, 36upa10qH
osoqi t5aTbKosoi npagi ii o6opoTHOCTH .
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6iHHHH, nosamaHHH no acix 3eMMIX i CAaSHHH CBOiMH
noAKaMH. KoAH 6yAa iioMy HKa KpHs,ita, TO He xo
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BiH npHsis cso10 3eMAIO AO nperapaoro CTaHy, pog-
Aasas 6araTO MH.l\OCTHHi, 6ys AacKaSHH AO 6e3-
AOMHHX, roAysas 6i.itHHX, AI06Hs MOHaIIIHH qHH i niA-
noMaras iioro CKiAbKH .Millie Mir; y sciM COOBHHS
3aKOH 6omHH, CaM IlH.l\b-aysau gepKOBHHX cnpas
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3aosy-m CAoso o noAKY lropesiM 3Ma.hbosya
nHIIIHHMH cAosaMH i:ioro CHAy: ,,faAH!JbKHH OcMo-
MHCAe-HpocAaee ! SHCOKO TH CHAHIII Ha CB0iM 30.1\0-
79
TOKoaaHiM cToAi, niAnepnrn YropcbKi ropn ceoiMH
38Ai3HHMH IIOJ\KaMH - aacTyIIHBllIH KopoAeBH AOpory,
aa1.1HHHBllIH AyHaIO aopoTa - p.RAHl.fH cy AH AO Ay-
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ll,epKBa B celli Hux11R Mox11a'iKa .
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ix, poaAaIOqH MH.l\OCTHHIO MOHaxaM i 6iAHHM Ta npo-
. CHB ycix, IJ!06 npo6a1.1H.l\H HOMY sci iioro npoaHHH.
80
Csiii cTiA ai44as MOAOAWOMY c11Hos1 csoMy 0Ae-
roaj, a cTap1II0My BoAOAHMHposi OepeMHIIIAh.
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. HaA piK010 Ta6010, np11T0Ko10 B11cA0Ka 3B. PoMaHoae
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TepeM 3aMoK 6ya KaHgeA.srpie10 a4MiHicTpa-
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81
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BOHa BiApa3y piIIIyqy nepesary Apyriii CTopoHi, AO
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BALKHIWI AATH 3A KH5ILKHX 4ACIB 800-1340.
800. noqaTOK KHiBCbKOi AepmaBH.
860. AcKO.l\A i AHP y Kuisi.
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1185. noxi,11; lrop.R Ha noJl.OB!J,iB.
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1223. Oepurnii npHxi,11; TaTap.
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ge CTepeeopecbK; aAe s nisHiIIIHx BKasieoK
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MHCbKoi seMAi, i COHMOB,a KOHCTHTygh1 1583 p., IJ!O
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86
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IIIHHa HaA flonpaAOM, (rpaMoTa 3 1209 p.) On11-
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HIKagrn MI;!{ nepeAKapnaTCbKHMH l 3aKapnaTCbKHMH
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87
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3araAbHa npHKMeTa faAHQ;bKoi YKpaiu11-Pyc11.
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WosapoM B XIII B. 6yAa ciAbHa 6aH.R (So-banya),
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(lliaysapa), MiiK TopHge10 H nonAelO 6ys M./\HH i opHa
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3A KA3HMHPA BEAHKOfO.
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B06Bi,itCTBa Ta IgOHHO 1395 p. ni.it no./\bCbKY BAaAy,
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m.a./\a BLK.e B 1345 p. AO no./\bigi.
1
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1
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1863 p.
89
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a npo ABa pi3Hi noxOAH Ka3HMHpa Ha faAH11HHy.
TpacKa onoei.1tae, IMO KO.AH Ka3HMHp Ai3HaecH
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3 pOAHHaMH, 1!!0 CXOBa.AHCH nepeA norpOMOM MlCge-
eoro HaceAeHHH, Ha AbBiBCbKHH aaMOK. Y Abeoei
3a6pae Ka3HMHp ee.AHKY .1to6H11 - cKap6HH!!IO yKpa-
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XOAOM Ha faAH11HHy, eecHoIO 1340 p. i1 He ni.1t6HB
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A06Hqq10, 3aAHillHB r a.AH11HHY y B.AaAi 60.RpCTBa
a AM11TpOM AeTJ>KOM Ha 110.Ai. Ka3HMHp, He Mory11H
3A06yTH giAoi f a.AH11HHH, CTapaBC.R aaKpinHTH 3a
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Toro Hai1paHblllOro IlO.AbCbKOro 3A06yTKY o6iHMa.Aa
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1
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.
90
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19 CTO.lliTTSJ,
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91
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92
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2
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93
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HighKOrO, gexy, Ta B HbOMY Ayme giKaBi MicgH,
1!!0 TOpKaIOTbC.ff i o6oe'HBKiB yKpaiHgie, 3 IlOCTaHOB
. - .
ghoro npHBIAeIO BHXOAHTb, IMO yKparnegh He Mir
6yTH BH6paHHH AO CTapIUHHH gexy, 1!!0 3peIUTOIO
aAe 3aTe niA 3arpo3010
MYCIAH yKpaIHCbKI 1IAeHH gexy XOAHTH Ha npogecu
e 1-1aci ceHTa .6omoro TiAa i .a.pyrHx AaTHHChKHx
CB.HT. MiIMaH HaIUHX 6yAo TOAi 1IHMaAo Ta e cyAo-
BHX aKTax 3 XV. i XVL CT. cTpi1-1aeMo TaKi npi3BHI!!a,
HK: .6apaH, .6o6pHK, .6ipeghKHH, BoAHK, 3axoe111-1,
fopoIDKO, KoeaAh, KopHTKO, Ko1-1, Ko1-1aii, K11HeAh,
KyH1-1a, Aa6aH:, AiIMHHChKHH, Ma3yp (l!!e AOCi BAep-
maAoCH e C.HHogi), MapTHHoe111-1, CHTKO, CKoAy6a,
Coea, He1-1aH:, He1-1yAo; oTme gi npiaBHI!!a eKaByIOTb
Ha ge, 1!!0 eeAHKe 6yAo 1.JHCAO yKpaiHCbKHX ' Mil!!aH
y gHx 1-1acax e C.HHogi.
CTapi ,a.oKyMeHTH npo noTpe6y 6yAyeaHHH gepKBH
B C.HHogi npHHOCHTh HaM giHHY icTopH1-1Hy Bra.a.Ky,
1!!0 l!!e B 1553 p. 6ypMiCTpOM i AaBHHKaMH 6yAH
B CHHogi caMi rpeKOKaTOAHKH -. oTme YKpaiHgi.
ToMy e cnHci MiChKHX pa,a.HHX 3 ghoro 1-1acy cTpi-
1-1aeMo 6araTo 1IHCTO yKpaiHChKHX npiaBHI!!: BoAHK,
Kpaeegh, KyIDHip, Aa6aH:, MacAHK, PoeeHChKHH, Ce-
CTpH1IHH, CHTKO, CnHHaAb(?), CTegh, Ta 1IHM niBHiIDi
1-1acH - THM 1.JHCAO ix MeHIUae. AaAbIUe e gHx ,a.o-
KyMeHTax1) Haxo,ll.HMO HaIDHX ceAHH: MHxaAh1IYK, KiT
3 Ay6pieKH (piK 1700), 3aAopomHHH, faAHK, fycKa,
OcTaIU 3 4epTema, AHHHC, Heopa Bi CTopomie,
CTe!Jb 3 Mem116po,ll.,ll..ff, Aa30pHK, nHpgaK, Xattac
a HpyciKa - eci 6yAH ei,a. ,a.aHHH, MaAH
1
) 8.11. KyxapcKi : Dokumenty z Ziemi Sanockiej. CJ1eiK 1908.
97
p03.l\Ori .l\aHH, Bi.l\bHHH BHpy6 .l\ICa Ha 6y AOBY i Ha
011a.I\ Ta Bi.l\bHe pH60.l\OBCTBO.
Oo6iq HiMgie, aaxOAH.l\H 11exH e aaxiAHi KapnaTH
i Ha ocHoei BO.l\OCKoro Ta HiMeJ!bKoro 11paea oce.l\IOea-
.1\HC.ff. 3 TaKoro oce.l\eHJ!.ff yKpaiHJ!.ff a 4ex, (leaHeJ!b
- yKp. a 4ex), IeaHJ!.ff - a6o, .HK e Ae.ffKHx niaHi-
lfrxe zap11a JleMKiBCbKQ qepKBQ B Celli MUJIUK,
(MyruHaa), a6. 1813 p.
IlIHX A2KepeAax
1
) leaHqe110.l\.ff, Mae ocHyeaTHC.ff leoHHq.
Ta1rni1 aaqaToK niA 3acHoeaHH.ff ByKiecbKa, fpa6ie-
HHJ!i, Mopoxoea, CTpHmoea i TopcbKoro. 3oKpeMa
npo yropcbI<i 811.1\HBH
2
) BKaays T3K02K 11paBOIIHC, ymH-
') C1rniJ!hKi cyAoai aKTa XVI. 2053.
') XV. fy6ep: Ludwik der I. von Ungarn und die Ungarischen Vassal-
lander (Archiv. fiir osterr. Geschichte LXVI.) 8i4eab.
IAiocTPOB8B8 !CToplJI ne .. KiBll!HBH 7
98
eaHHM B cyAOBHX KHHrax 3 XVI CT., Ae iMeHHHKH,
.. u U
3aKIHtieHI R yKpaIHCbKIH MOBI Ha ,,K ' MaIOTb 3a-
KiHtieHHH Ha ,,r" - BHcAit10I' - 3aMicgb: BHcAit10K,
Bopo6AHI', KopOAHI', npycir, CHHiI', CHHitIOI' - OTOLK
~ " . "
' BCIOAH ,,1 - 3aMIC!Jb ,,K.
HiMe!JbKe Mii:gaHCTBO M: noAbCbKa, a6o t1ymo3eMHa,
aAe cnoAbigeHa IIIAHXTa, 6yAH opyAAHM Ka3HMHpa
B M:oro 3MaraHHHX AO 3aKpinoi:geHHH riP,Cbt<Oro Ha
ceAeHHH AeMKiB Ta AO 3aKpinAeHHH r aAHtIHHH 3a
noAbigeIO. BoHH TaKOLK A03BOAHAH MOMY BBaLKaTH,
aa6e3net1eHi AOrosopaMH, HK tIHCTY cpopMaAbHiCTb,
MOBAHB: ,,H a406ye Pych c ~ o i M H BAaCHHMH AIOAbMH
M: AOpora (Ha YKpaiHy-Pyeb) Mae cAyLKHTH TiAhKH
MOiM AIOAHM," a6o ,,HiKOMY He xoqy cnpHHTH, TiAbKH
CBOiM AIOAHM, 60 BOHH IlOMaraAH MeHi Ha TaTap
u "
I HHIIIHX BOporIB .
TaKHM CTaH TpHBaB am AO po36opy noAbigi
(1793 p.); IgOMHO no po36opi noAbigi, AeMKiBigHHa
pa3oM 3 ApyrHMH raAH!JbKHMH 3eMAHMH nepeiiIIIAa
niA BAaAy aBCTpiHCbKHX gicapis.
.,
KOPOAIBCbKI CTPHBIAEl.
Opo TOAinrne 6ea8HXiAHe noAomeHHH ceJ\HHCT8a
.A08iAY6MOCH 3 KOpoAi8CbKHX aKTi8 i A80X npH8iAeis
KopoAi8 ll\HI'MOHTa III. i BoAOAHCJ\a8a IV., JBO ix
OAepmaAH MeIIIKaHgi ceJ\a 0ApexosH, 8 CHttillllHHi.
0Apexo8a 6yAa qacTHHOIO KOpoAi8CbKHX Ai6p i ne-
peXOAHJ\a 8 Aepmaey CHHiQ.bKHX cTapocTi8. OiAAaHi
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KopoAi8CbKHM AeKpeTaM Ha 80.1\0ChKiM npa8i. 0AHaqe
.Aepma8gi 8HMYIIIYBaAH JBOp3a Hoei AaHHHH 8iA ceM1H,
'TOMY 0Apexo8a IIIJ\e 6e3H3CT3HHO CKaprH AO KOpOMI.
D3raTo
1
) paai8 CKapmHAHC.ff 0Apexi81laHH KopoAe8i
CTenatto8i EaTopoMy, JBO CHHiQ.bKHH cTapocTa, Ka-
338 IlHTbOX Ce.l\HH 3 0ApeX08H KHHYTH AO KpHMiH3AY .
B CHttogi, 60 He xoTiAH 8HKOH3TH HaAemHHX iM po-
6iT; MyciAH BHKynHTH ce6e 500 aoAOTHMH, n'HTbOMa
eoAaMH i AeCHTbOMa HJ\i8K3MH. KopoAb, JBO nepe6yeae
'TOAi a HenoJ\OMHQ.HX, BHCH.1\36 oKpeMe nHCbMO AO
-CT3pOCTH a AaToIO 16 cepnHH 1585 p., npHKaay10q11
rocTpo, JB06 CT3pocT3 fOpili MttiIIIoK, aeepttye He-
np38HO aa6paHe CeJ\HHCbKe A06po.
no f0pi10 MttiIIIKY 6epe B Aepmaey CHHighKi 3eMAi,
paaoM a 0Apexoeo10, CTaHHCJ\aB DOHHcpaTHH Mfii-
IIIOK. Ha Hboro TaKom CKapmaTbCH 0ApexistiaHH,
am KopoAb lK11I'MOHT III. oKpeMHM AeKpeTOM a 1603 p.
oattatiye 0608
1
HaK11 i npaea 021.pexieqaH a KopHCTb
1
) n. CyAiw, Przywileje wsi Odrzechowy. C11HiK 1906.
7*
100
Aepmaegie. BiATaK, KopoJ\h iKm'MOHT Ill., BHAa6 Hoei
npHBiJ\ei 0Apexoei niA AaTOIO 24. KBiTHJI 1605 p.,.
3BiJ\hHJll01IH ceJ\JIH eiA BHMYlIIYBaHoi po6oTH Ha cpiAh-
eapKy e EochKy. AJ\e i ge MaJ\o noMaras, 60 3Hoey
28. 6epe3HJI 1625 p. KopoJ\b iKHI'MOHT III. lIIJ\e.
3 BaplllaBH AO CJIHiJ!bKoro cTapocTH Cbpattga MHilIIKa
HOBe IlHCbMO i Apyre, BLKe IIHCaHe B rocTpillliH
IJ,epKBa B K aMRHqi (P1rnaHiBJMHHa) - npaaHHK riepeHeceHH.11 MoJMiB
cs. ci. HHKOJ\aR B Tpasei ( TenAoro MHKOAH).
cpopMi, 3 AH.ff 17 KBiTHJI 1626 p., BH3Ha1-1y101-1H ABOX
KOpOAiBCbKHX AeJ\6r'aTiB (eHCJ\aHHHKie), ~ I K i MalOTb
Ha Micgi npocJ\iAHTH cnpaey i AOHeCTH KOpOJ\eei.
AJ\e BHyTpilIIHe HanpymeHHH B noJ\bf!!i npH KiHgi
naHyeaHHH iKHr'MOHTa III., lIIBeACbKa cnpaea, HaiBA
TaTap e 1629 p. Ta no1-1aTKH K03aJ!bKHX eoeH, He
. .
Il03BOJ\H.l\H ' KOpOJ\IBCbKHM BHCJ\aHHHKaM npoe1pHTH
Aii:icHe noJ\omeHHJI 0Apexie1-1aH. .lKm'MoHT Ill. YMH-
pae 1632 p. Ta lioro HacJ\iAHH KOM cTae iiorom CHH
BoAOAHCJ\aB IV. 3 J!hOro KOpHcTalOTb O,zipexie1-1aH11
101
1 sme 3 AaToIO KpaKis, 1. KBiTHH 1633 p., OAepmy-
IDTb HO Bi rrpHBiAei Ha . rrepI'aMiHi, rriATIHCaHi i CTBep-
,llmeHi KopoAiBCbKOIO rre1.1aTKOIO BoAOAHCAaea IV.;
Ha BOAOCbKHX rrpasax. 0AHa'Ie i ge MaAO IIOMOrAO
0Apexosi. 3 qeprH rrepexo,llHTb eoHa e Aepmaey
llIMIXTH,. JMO MellIKae s EochKy, e KoM6opHi, a6o
faqoBi. AoxOAHTb AQ Toro, e 1817 p. cyMemHi ceAa:
EocbKo, PyAaeKa, CeHbKoea BoAH, CHHie, 3ap11IHH
"BHCTaBAHlOTb IIHCbMeHHY IIOCBiAKy, JMO ,,ceAO 0Ape-
:xosa BiA AaBHHX BiKiB Mae csoi BAacHi -- 3a CBOlO
Kepsa1mg10 KYIIAeHI IIOAH, CBOI BiAhHi rraCOBHJMa,
GanamopiR ToBapucmsa ,,llepe.M11cb1ca FnapxiRJZbna llo.Mi1t
s >I< etecmosi }l(usqi.
<:Bil'.i BiAbHHH Aic, 6e3 ABipcbKJ1X OIIAaT i IIHCbMeHHHX
.3i3BOAeHb Ha BHpy6 i 36HpaHHH AiCHHX sriA, ceoi
eiAhHi Kop1.1i AO oropomi, 60 BOHH HaXOAHTbC.R Ha
ixHix BAaCHHX rpyHTax; - ge Bee roToei BOHH 3iBHa-
BaTH B cyAi i rrpHCHrOIO CTBepAHTH, HKJMO 3aHAe
KOHel.JHiCTb TaKoro 3i3H3HH.R."
IJJoHHO 3 1848 poKOM (3HeceHHH rraHJ!!,HHH) 3a-
I<iH1.JY6TbCH 3MaraHH.R 0,11.pexoeH aa ceoi rrpaea.
MeIIIKaHgi 0ApexoeH MaAH ceo10 rpeKo-KaT. gep-
1rny, eci 6yAH rpeKo-KaTOAHKaMH. Tol.IHoro crrucy
1-1aceAeHH 3 17. i 18. CTOAiTT.R HeMae; B iH-
102
BCHTapi 3 1773 p. aanHCaHO 238 J\IOACH, o6oB.R3aHHX:
AO naHI!J,H3H.RHHx po6iT. Mim HHMH HaXOAHTbC.R OAHK
LKH.l( 3eAbMaH XaiM lOAa. Bme TOAi cTpi11aeMo
B 0Apexoeiii Ta1d npiaBHI!J,a: Eaptta, EapHHK, EpeH-
KatJ, Eyp111THH, BepHeii, Boii11aK, AaHbtJaK, Apa11,
AHp6aAa, faHyJ\.RK, faHbtJaK, fHaT, r aJ\HK, r aAa, 3a-
BiHCbKHH, 3eHtJaK, 3.RTHK, IsaHHIIIHH, Kanpasegh,.
JleMKiBCbKUU Kpaesui'J KOJlO 3azipR.
HeAoKiH'leHHH AiM C. C. y 3a.11y211i .
KAHM, KoTe.l\egq, Ko3aK, KopoAb, KychHip, Aa6.RK,.
Am<o, AHTOBtJHK, MaAaparn, MaiitJHK, MeAbHHK, MH-
J\.RH, MopaiiKo, 0Ai.Rpb, CT1rn11aK, CToHTyc,
CepeAHHCbKHH, CHBHK, CKpo6aAa, CnisaK, CTegm<,
Ta6.RK, THMtJHK, CfleAaK, !J.ynpHK, Wypr'oT. !J.i Ha-
B?HC:hKa aaxosa.l\HC.R AO Haurnx 11acis, nepemHAH 250>
J\ITHI 3MaraHH.R aa XJ\OilCbKY AOJ\IO Ta poapOCJ\HCR
Ha CBOiH aeMAi.
norPAHHYHI KAPCTATChKI OCEAI.
B gboMy po3AIAI neperAHHeMo a oKpeMa araAKH
B icTopwrnoMy HacaiT AeHHi npo nepmi oceAi. CaMi
noAbChKi icTopHKH
1
) no.HCHIOIOTh, J!!O BiA CHHY,
B ropy, am. AO .m.epe.A Benpy, a ai;tcH AaAeKo Ha
niBHitJ 6eaAitJ HaXOAHTbCH yKpaiHCbKHX OCa.<'(, J!!O
noacTaAH J!!e aa Bo.AOAHMHpa i :Horo HacAiAHHKiB.
YKpaiHCbKHH KH.H3b Bo.AOAHMHp Be.AHKHH (981) no-
urnpHB caoi an.AHBH am. no aaxi.ztHi KapnaTH, AC
yKpaiHCbKe HaceHHH LK.HAO AaAeKo aa CHHOM, nocH-
raiotJH no TaTpH, B piaHHX cTopoHax. Bpo.m.a:HHi Ta
a?pi.zt.AHBi Me.m.Hrip' H ;a nopitIHHH AyHai1g.H ~ a c e A e H i
BIA HenaM.HTHHX qacrn, aanOBHHAHC.H yKpaIHCbKHM
HaCeJ\eHH.HM l!!C 6i.AbIIIe B qaci no6yAyBaHH.H . 060-
pOHHOro aaMtIHJ!!a (TaM piaHime noacTaB HoaHH
CaHq) OKO.Ao 1163 p. Ha cxiA BiA piKH AyHaHgH,
B MYIIIHHCbKHX CTOpoHax, .6y.AH B AaBHHHi IIIHpoKi
nycTapi-rAymi. Ha gHx caMe nycTHX OKOAH!!!fX 6a-
raTo yKpaiHCbKOro HapOAY . noceAHAOC.H, BTIKaIOtJH
3 gac.HHCbKHX aeMe.Ab nepeA HanaAaMH TaTaprn 1 TYT
Ha 6e3J\IOAAIO OCCJ\IOBaJ\HCH Ha HiMe!JbKOMY npaai
2
).
TaK noacTa./\H cAiAyioqi ceAa: HwKoBa - 1343 p.,
AHiJpelBKa - 1352 p., MywuHKa - 1356 p., MicTetJKo
OpHaBa - 1363 p., (BiA6yAoBaHe no qyMi-Mopoaii1:
1
) BagAas A!leKcau.i1ep MageiioscKi, Pierwotne dzieje Polski i Litwy
zewnc:trzne i wewnc:trzne. Bapwasa, 1846 cT. 604. ,,Granice Polski, od
strony Rusi ...
2
) YpAosi aKTa B MywnHi; 0. MuxaHJ\O KpuHHJ!bKHH, napox B Tu!lnqi
3J\8AHB s 1845 p. si4nucu gux aKTis.
104
aapaai s p. 1612 i nepeHaaeaHe Ha Tu11u'I.), HUJ/CllJI.
Moxna1.1.1ca -- 1648 p. 3 !JHX oceAb yKpaiHcbKHH
oca4HHK MaH4pyeae AaJ\bIIIe Ta Ha nie4eHHho-aaxi4HiM
ni4HhKiKIO TaTpie BaJ\OiKHB. oceAi: ll111Rxmosy, Ei11y
BoiJy, lf opny BoiJy, Hasoii.osy, Ta Apyri oceAi, l!!O
BiHKOM BHnoBHIOIOTb Ta oKpyiKaIOTb CaH4e1111HHy.
1
)
AoKaaoM Ha ge ii gi o6cTaBHHH, l!!O giAi ropHcTi
npocTopH HaA piK010 AyHaiigeM l!!e B 1359 p. MaAo
6yAH aaceJ\eHi, TOMY oKpeMHMH npHBiAeJIMH npH-
Ba6A10BaHo yKpaiHCbKHX oceJ\eHgie, .JIKi aaceJ\IOBaJ\H
cKopo gi cTopoHH. BoHH iKHJ\H oKpeMHM, ceospiAHHM
ripCbKHM iKHTT.JIM, TBOpHAH CKyn11eHy rpoMaAy, YHH
KaJ\H eaasMHH a AHxaMn-(AsxiTaMH
2
).
') .H. CHrashcKi : Historja Nowego Sl\cza. Ahsis 1901. BayJ1. A. Ma-
yeiioacKi: Pierwotne dzieje Polski i Litwy. Bapmasa 1846.
2
) A. 3y6pH!JbKHH, .ff ransen smischen der rassinischen
and polnischen 5lation in .ff alisien.
Abeie 1849. CT. 21. 8: ,,Der beste Zeuge fur uns
der H. Maciejowski selbst, indem er in seinem oban-
gefiihrten Werke S. 37 4 ein fimtlichers, von Murator
durch den Druck veroffentlichtes Dokument anfi1hrt.
Dieses Dokument beschreibt die Granzen Polens unter
MieczysJ'aw dem I. (970-990) vornach das Russinen-
Land sich bis Krakau erstreckte: ,,el fines ill,assiae
asq. in @racoa" (Krak6w) . Man braucht daher keinem
besseren Beweis mehr, dass das Russinen-Land ehe-
mals hochst wahrscheinlich die Stadt Krakau selbst
in sich fasste. Dass es gegenw!:l.rtig noch bis auf eine
Entfernung von 10 und etlichen Meilen von Krakau
reicht, beweiset der U mstand, dass in jener Gegend
Hundert Tausende Russinen wohnen. Dieser Beleg
zur Begriindung unserer Behauptung, ist kein Frag-
ment einer unterschobenen, alten Urkunde, sondern
liegt vor uns lebendig da. ausgebreitet auf einer Flache
von etlichen Hundert Quadrat - Meilen, Buchstaben
105
y Apyrm t.IeTsepnrni xv B., AO MeHIII - 6iAbIII
1435 p. HaXOAHMO AY*e s11pa.atty rpaHHtrny AiHilO
YKpaiHCbKoro (PycbKoro) soeaiACTBa siA KpaKiB-
CbKoro Ta CyAOMHpcbKoro.
1
)
BiA .1dttii piK: OcAasa - CHH (Ao 3aKpyn1 KOAO
A11ttoaa - CKAHpKa (Aisa npHTOKa C.stty, i:go BAH
eaeThCH KO.l\O 411ttosa), Ha.l\eiKa.1\11 B2Ke B Apyriii
'IeTaepTJIHi XIV. a. AO CHttighKoi 3eMAi ttacTyntti
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OcAaBH, HeAa.l\eKo si,a, nepexoAiB EecKHA i AynKiB,
ce.l\o Paoomuu,i, oAHY 3 piAKHx oceAh, i:go eme a g10
Ao6y icttysa.l\a r AH6oKo B ropax. BiATaK AaAbIIIe Ha
niettit.I, HHiKt.J:e ycT.H OcAaa11gi AO OcAaBH, .l\e2KHTb
ce.l\o lll,aBHe. CoATHCH 3 0Apexoaoi i KMeTi Bi
IJJaaHoro gapyt.IH.l\H 27. TpasH.H 1450 p. nepeA cy-
AOM y Cnttogi 3a IsaHa Bi IJ!asttoro, i:go siH nicAH
<iarauf sind das lebende, russi nisch sprechende Volk.
Sylben und Worte sind russinische Dorfer, St!Ldte
und Gott eshauser. "
DpH Kiegi XV. cT. cTpi'laeMo TaKi oceAi : EepesKa, EapH'I, 6axipeg1>,
liAaJKoea, EyKie, ByKiechKO, DSRHKa, EochKO, bHKieyi, BHc.110K, BHcO'laRH,
Bo.11R HHlKRR i eHlKRR, Bo.11R CenhKOBa, Ba4ie, BHcJ1.01101<, Aich1<0, Bepesie,
'4amHR, fpymiBKa, AoBre, Ao.11HHa, ripKH, .H6J1 0HHWJ, HceeHgR, .HeipHHK,
fOpieyi, KiechKe, AyKoBa, Aio6aTiBKa, MaAHRiBKa, Mxaea, Miiicye, Ilo
JlOHHa, none.Jl i, noJlOB!!i, OaeJlHKOMa, PawKoea, PorH, CRei110K, Cyropie
AOAimHHH i ropimHHii, fiqea, BoAH!!R, CTpaxOTHRa, CTopozi eeJIHKi Ta
MBAi, CHeie, ToproeHchKa, TapeaeKa, 3aroqeee, Da1<owieKa, RAHR, BiAh
xieyi, 3arYTBRh, DpyciK, EoxiBKa, Ay6pieKO, 3a60J1.0Tgi, AHAHR, Ao6pa,
4oMapalK, ,2(y6eyhKO, 4YAHHgi, <PaJ1ei
0
BKO, fAH6oKe, He6eghKO, BeJ1.HKonoJ1.e,
fpa6ieHH\!R, TapHoea, Oe.11M1 (fieJ1beR), 0ApexoBa, EapeieoK, Bopo6AHK,
fapTa, 2KJ1Hropo4, Yrepgi, fo.JIOARO, rose.J1 i, faAe6KH, lcKpHHff, BiTpHAie,
leo&Hq, Ko611J1RHH, fAOM'la, KAHMKieKO, KocTapiegi, Kpacee, KpexiB, Ko-
pocTeHKo, KopoAHK, KpeM11Ha, Aimea, Ael!Jaea, AiMea, Aio6aToea, AwAqa,
MapKiegi, Mopoxie, MoAepieKa, Mearn6piAAll, Hia,Apeyh, HoeociAh!!i, He-
eicTKa, 0ApHKiHb, 8iJlbW8RHjlll, OcJ1.aea, no6iAHO, DocTOJliB, 3aripR, Co
JlHHKa, CMi.llbHHK (ae. CMiAhHH!!R), CeMymeea, CiAAHCbKa, Tpen'la, 1ypH-
oo.11e, lfopeweie, YAio'i, Bapa, (IJ!unaeyeea) THpRBa CiAhea, (e THpRei
6y.1la KODBJ\bRll COAH) j T. A
1
) ,4p. M. Kop.Ay6a, 3axiARe norpaRH'le faJ1 H!!bKOI AeplKaeH Mia Kap-
na'l'aMH Ta AOJlimHHM C11eoM. 33nHCKH H. T . ill. /\beie.
106
. .
TpbOX J\lT npeACTaBHTb nepeA C.sIHigbKOro CTapocTy
CBoix 6paTamP-IiB nauJKa Ta AaHHAKa, .sIKi 3MOLKYTb
BHKynHTH coATHCTBa B IJJasHiM i B PaAomwiax,
npoAaHi ixttiM MIAbKOM lsaHoM .siKoMy-To MaKCHMoei.
IJ!aette 6yJ1.o oceAeHe Ha BOAOCbKiM npaei.
f1po llOJZOHHy, oceAIO Ha nis4eHHHH cxiA BiA By-
lle1111CiBcbKa qepKsa B J(ymamuHi.
KiBChKa, npo ceAa llopaJIC, Buco'ianu, 3azipe, no Ai-
aiM 6ogi OcAaBH Ma6MO 3an11cKy a 14. LKOBTH.ff 1449 p.
KapJZUKiB - ge Ma6yTb AeIJ!o ni3ttima oceA.si, J!!,O
DOBCTaJ\a am B ApyriH IlOAOBHHi xv. CT. 3 gboroLK
qacy noxoAHTb TaKom cyci4He ceAo KaMiHHe. Mim
B11coqattaM11 i OopameM Hati piKoIO Oc.l\aBoIO AeLKHTb
i!!e ceAo Mopoxis, a Ha niettiq BiA Hboro ceAo He-
107
6ew,anu; Ha niBH. 3ax. a.iA Mopoxoaa, ce.l\o Pamna-
BUl{R, .HK ge 6al.JHMO 3i CKaprn, .RKY fHaT 3 fyge-
.1\eBa, 19. BepeCH.R 1449 p. BHic AO C.RHi!JbKOro ro-
pOACbKoro cyAy rrpoTH CTerraHa 3 PaTHaaugi, niA-
AaHoro ct>puAp11xa - C.RHi!JbKoro Met.JHHKa B Ht.IMHpi,
- 3a Hit.JHHH HarraA Ha i:ioro AiM. Mim MopoxoaoM,
Ta He6eIJ!aHaMH He 6y.l\o ycTa.l\eHHX rpaHH!Jb. naa.l\O,
3aMy:JICHi taaiiuHi IWJIO u,epKBTI a aim.Mu. KoMaHqa, IlOB. CHHiK.
(<Por. R. <Pa.l\bKOBCKi) .
r PH!JbKO i CTaHKO 3 Mopoxoaa BHCTyqH.l\H 13 . .l\lOTH.R
1445 p. rrepeA C.RHi!JbKHM cy AoM 3 ma.1\06010 Ha
I saHa 3 He6eIJ!aH aa ge, IJ!O aiH 3a6paa HaCH.l\bHO
3 ixttix .l\icia 20 ca11Hei1. Po3MemeHH.R rrepeaeAeHo
a 1468 p. Mim He6eIJ!aHaMH, BeAerro.l\eM Ta BeAe-
nO.l\bCbKOlO Bo.l\elO 3 OAHOro 6oKy i MopoxoBOM Ta
MopoxiBCbKOIO BoJZeJO, 'fenepiIIIH010 MopoxiacbKOIO
3aBaAKOlO, 3 Apyroro, Mim MopOXOBOM i nopameM
Ta l.faULUllOM i BIIHCaHO B C.RHi!!,hKi cyAOBi KHHrH.
108
TenepinIHe MicTeqKo ByKiBCbKO 6yAo B XIV. CT.
eeAoM i HaAemaAo AO MaSTKia C}'.IHi!JhKoro cyAAi MH-
KOAH l.JecHKa. Ao C}'.rnighKHx cy AOBHX KHHr anHcaHo
16 cepnHH 1435 p. aKT IlOAiAy cna,l(JMHHH Mi2K H:oro
-CHHiB neTpa, IeaHa Ta IOpiH, B KOTpiM aa neTpOM
npttaHaHo ceAa: 36oi"cbKa, Ilemposy BoJZUlf/O, Ey-
KiBCbKO i 3aAoqees (Ha cxiA BiA OcAaeH); aa ge
neTpo apiKCH Hosoman4R a6o Eepe30BO. rpaHH-
ye10 EyKiecbKa aitt ceAa BucJZO'-lOK a6o BucJZOK HaA
ropimHHM BHcAOKOM npH3HaAH xpe6eT byKOBH!JIO
{Aic). !J,eii 0eTpo gj 36oi'CbK, CHHi!JhKHH xopyH2KHH,
aanHcae 14. TpaeHH 1454 p. ceoiH mittgi MaprapeTi
80 MapoK Ha ceAi 5eJZXiBKa, Ha cxi4 Bitt :SyKiBCbKa.
CeAo HoaoTaHegh, aaaue TaKom A1060TaHgeM a6o
EepeaoaoM aHasMo eme a 1435 p. CeAo HawpRHU
-i BoJZR, TenepimHH CeHbKoea (aAacTHBO CeMKoaa)
BoM1 3HaHi a 1489 p. ,
Ao CHHighKoi 3eMAi uaAemaAo MicTeqKo f/CJZUCbKa,
BaA ropimHbOIO 5IceAKOIO, Ha nisuiqHHH. cxiA BiA Ay-
.KAHHCbKoro nepexoAy. Opo 5IcAHCbKa i ceAo l{opo-
.JlUKiB CBiAqaTb B AHi 13. ciqHH .1435 p. CYAAH _i A a ~
HHKH HaHBHJMOfO HiMe!JbKOro CYAY Ha CHHl!JbKlM
3aMKy, JMO nepeMHCbKHH enHCKOil 5Iuym aanAaTHB
AHApisBH 3 A106HH giAy HaAemHy cyMy aa aiihiecTBO
B 5IcAHCbKax i 3a COATHCTBO e KopoAHKoai, Tene-
pimHiM KopoAHKY (BoAOChKiM i noAbChKiM). CeAO Ko
pOAHKiB HaAe2KaAO AO pHM.-KaT. eIIHCKOilCTBa B CTe-
peMHillAi, eIIHCKOilH MaAH TYT CBOIO naAaTy, B HKiH
qacTO nepe6yeaAH; TOMY TO 18. AHCTona..!l;a 1463 p.
CHuighKHH CTapocTa MHKoAa a BHTOBHq Ha ni,4cTaai
maAo6H AiAHqis 3 PHMaHoaa, B3HBaB enHcKona M11-
K0Ay ,,3 KopoAHKoea" nepeA csiH: cyA a CHHogi.
HepeA CHHi!JhKHM ropOAGhKHM cy AoM eeAacH cnpaea
'ycTaAeHHH rpaHH!Jb KOpoAiBJMHH nie,l(eHH0-3axiAHbOrO
.aaKyTKa CHuighKoi 3eMAi. T YT csiAKH-3Haegi, cTapi
109'
AIOAH 3 0Apexoeoi i IJJaettoro 3i3HaAH 7. rpyAHH
1447 p., JMO eci EeJMaAH BHJMe Ta HHmqe 5IcAHChK
i BiA 5IcJ\HCbK am AO IlO.i\OHHHH 6 KOpoAiBChKi; Haena-
KH 3a B.i\aCHiCTb CHHl!JbKOro xopymKoro npH3Ha.i\H
ceAo MoUfaHeqb, 3j eciMH eepxoBHHaMH am no piqKH
AecnepaA Ta Bep6Hg10. Ao pHM.-KaT. enHcKoncTaa
i KaniTyAH B OepeMHllIAi HaAemaAa giAa o6AaCTb HaA
ropimHhOIO i cepeAYJMOIO 5IceAK010. KopoAb BoAo-
AHCAaB 5Irai:iAo, rpaMOTOlO 3 8. TpaBHH 1434 p.
HaAaB 3ra,ziaHOMY enHCKOilCTBY MiCTO 5IcAHCbKa i ceAa
KopoAHKie, EHcKynHgi (ni3Himy A106aTiBKy), J(a-
/lepeBllRHa qepKBa B celli CuHiB, KOllO PuMaHoBa.
11.ilB, HoBy HceHKY ,,e YKpaittcbKili (PychKiH) 3eMAH
B C H H i g h K i ~ 0Kpy3i"; 20 MapTa 1470 p. enHcKorr
MHKOAa ni3eae nepeA CHHighKHH cyA CHHie KaTe-
pHHH, AiAHqKH PHMaHoea, 3a ce, JMO He xoTiAH ne-
peaecTH p03MemoeaHHH Mim lioro Ma6THOCTHMH: J/10-
6amoBOJO, KopoAHKoeo10 (a6o KopoAHKoM), CKll.R-
paMu, 5IcAHCbKaHH .Ta Boll.eJO (5IcAHChK010) i ixHiMH
ceJ\aMH: EaAyToeo10 (TenepimHbOIO EaAyTHHK010),
Jl,OlllHOM, BaJ1.mocJ1.aBOJO (Tenep. BoATymeeo10) Ta
Bucll.OlflCOM. 3raAaHHH BHcJ\oqoK He e !JHM ce.l\OM -
gei caMoi Ha3BH Ha niBAeHb BiA EyKiBChKa; eiH Ae-
mHTb Ha nieHiq BiA 5Ic.l\HCbK i 3aAepmaB AO CbOrOAHi
/
110
csoio Ha3sy, ge AoqepHe ceAo TapHaBKH. Ao enHCK.
Ai6p H:aAemaAH B TiH o6AacTH J!!e oceAi: LJ,epwBa,
MaH:me rrepeAMicn1 Ayi<-Ai Ha npasoMy 6epe3i }iceAKH,
i PiBHe.
Bi40Ma Tenep AiqHHqa oceM1 IBOHUl.f. 3BaAac.R
XV. CT. IBaHegb, a6o IsaHqenoAe {lsaH 3 Yex).
CyMemHe ceJ\o /{JZUMKOBa (Tenep KAHMKisgi-KAHM-
KiBKa 3 noAbCbKa) 3HaHe 3
1
-1436 p. AiAi-fq, AHApiH:
3i CeHHa, npo4as 76. TpaBH.R '1463 p. ,,csoi ceJ\a
KAHMKosy i CuHJlBY (CHHiB), noAomeHi B CsIHighKiH:
opKy3i." HaceAeHH.R CHH.RBH (Ha cxi4 siA PHMaMosa)
ll,epKBa B KpuBiii.
npocJ\aBHJ\OC.R 1444 p. 3aB3.RTHM cnpoTHBOM npOTH
HaAomemtx no6opis, 3a J!!O ix T.RrHyAH AO si4nosi-
4aAbHOCTH ' nepeA C.RHi!JbKHH ropo4chKHH cy4. CTepe4
geH: cyA B3HBaB 20 . .l\HCTona4a 1447 p. C.RHi!JbKHH
cTapocTa COJ\THca 3 Bopo6AHKa KiAi.RHa, 3a no6HTT.R
i nopaHeHH.R cAyrH i TYT H:oro 3acy4meHo. !Je ceAo
Bopo6JZUK, 3BaHe TaKom TopZOBl.fHMU, 6yAo BAacHi-
CTIO csrnigbKOro KacTeMIHa neTpa CMOJ\bHH!JbKOro,
igo nepeA CBOelO CMepTIO 20. qepBH.R 1458 p. no-
Ai.l\HB Mim csoix CHHiB csoi A06pa ,,B C.RHigbKiH
0Kpy3i" - 3apUlUH 3 nepeAMiCT.RM Ta Ce.l\OM Jf.0B2e,
ceAo TopWBUCbKa Ta JleH:J/CllHU, MaAHHisky, B3AiB,
111
CTpaxOTHHY i CT0.11.0BHHY o6ox ne.11.b (Tenep. ceJ\O
CTe.11.bHH).
Oce.11.a PuMafliB (neprne PoMaHia) 3ra;:i:yeTbCH a c.a-
HigbKHx CJAOBHX KHHrax B 1443 p. npH gili Haro.id,
IJ!O MuKo.11.a Aa;:i:HHCbKHH Me.11.bHHK Ta ttiMegb lliiH-
;:i:.11.ep, oce.11.bHHK 3 P11MaHoaa, pa30M 3 KihbKOMa ro-
pomaHaMH 3i CHHOKa 3apyirn.11.11 3a AH;:i:piH, Koaruu1
l/3BiHuq11 a uepKB010 y BelluKiii Pocmoqi.
(Ca. 4p. B. fHaTeaHq,)
3 Bapa;:i:HHa i 3a M 1 1 x a i 1 ~ . a 4opaHa Ta Muxali.11.a
fa.11.H 3 Tpe6irna i 06oa'}J3a.11.uc.H ix ;:i:ocTaBHTH Ha
neprne ai3aaHHH nepe;:i: CHHighKoro cTapocTy.
nepe;:i: CHHigbKHM ropOACbKHM CJAOM CTaBaB 23.
qepBH.ff 1436 p. ni;:i:;:i:aHHH Jl,eMKO (AeHbKO ), 3i cy-
ci;:i:Hboro 3 P11MaHOBOM ce.11.a EecKa (EocbKa HaA
B11c.11.0KoM), a 2. ci'lJH.ff 1460 p. BacbKO Ta fpHgbKO,
CBHIJ!eHHKH 3 EocbKa, pa3oM 3 ittrnHMH .11.IOAbMH ;:i:a-
112
saAH nopyKy 3a CTenaHa MaAHHOBCbKoro, coATHca
3 l13Ae6KH. CeAo I'JZu601ce, Ha niBA. ex. siA PHMa-
Hosa, 6yAo noceAeHe Ha HiMe!JhKiM npasi, 3raAy-
6TbC.ff B KopocHeHCbKHX cy AOBHX 3aDHCKax niA 1445 p.,.
aAe H:oro Ha.ce.l\eHHH qepe3 BDJ\HBH ABOpy BHHapo-
AOBHJ\OCH.
Hai ropillIHHM BHcAOKOM cTp1qaeMo )/l.fMUp, }lq-
IJ,epKBa B DOCbKJ, Ao gepKBH se4yTb rapei geMeHTosaei cxO,AH.
CTOlTb 3 npasa Bnp. o. KaTeXHT MHKOJ\a r OJIOBa'I i o. M. BeJIH'll<O, AeKaH.
'
MHpCbKY nocaAy i BoAIO; ,i\a.l\bllle BamaHiBKy, HHLKqe
BocbKa HaA BHcAoKoM D3HHKy, (TaKOLK nepeH:llIAa
niA qymi BDJ\HBH). HaA ropillIHbOIO ne.l\bHH!JeIO, npa-
BOIO npHTOKOIO BHcAoKa, nopyq BOAOAiAy Mim BH-
C.l\OKOM i CHHOM AeLKHTb ceAo AHiJpyzwdBLfi. Cy-
ciAHa OiJpexoBa 6yAa ocaALKeHa Ha soAoCbKiM npasi;
B 1440 p. giAa rpoMaAa !Jboro ceAa, pa30M 3 KH.ff3eM
BepHAOM 3apyqHAH CHHi!JhKOMY cTapocTi 3a .ffKoro-
113
TO Xa'iMa nllleniiopq11qa, a 3 8. 6epe3HH
1442 p., BilHCaHOIO B CHHighKi CYAOBi KHHrH, 6epHJ\Q
ycTynHB KHH3iBCTBO CBOiM 6paTaH11qaM.
Y CTOKOBHJ!!,H pi1rn Cirny, HaA iioro Aiso10 npH-
TOKOIO CHHiqi-:oM HaxOAHMO ceJ\a: llo6iiJHe, AyAe-
HHlli, (Tenep. AYAHHgi), MapKiB4i i nucapiB4i. HaA
CaHiqKOM J\emaTb J!!,e Ce./\a: flpociK i CHHi'lOK. npo
8 lfepme'JICi, (AyJKe CTapHHHa).
. . .
!!I CeJ\a 6 3ailHCKH B CHHl!!bKHX CYAOBHX KHHrax IllA
AaTOIO 10. MaTpa 1436 p. i 18. rpyAHH 1439 p.
AoJ\HHa CHHY siA ycTH OcJ\aBH B Ai.I\ 6yAa rycTo
gaceJ\eHa. Maiime sci oce./\i, HKi TaM CboroAHi Ha-
XOAHMO, icHyeaJ\H sme . B nepllliH IlOJ\OBHHi xv. CT.
Ce./\o 3ac.llaBe, noJ\omeHe npH ycTIO OcJ\aBH AO
CJrny, HaJ\emaJ\o AO BeJ\HKoro 36opy Ma6THocie:H
3aMKY Co6HH (Ko./\o AicbKa) - 3an11caHe niA 1441 p.
AHHa 3i 3azymuHR BHCTynas 3. cepnHH 1436 p.
lAJoCTpoHHa ICTopill ne.KiEljlHBH 8
114
nepeA C.SIHi!JbKHM CYAOM, OTOJK. nepma araAKa npo
ce.11.0 3aryTHHb.
npH HanpaBi napKaHiB K0.11.0 C.SIHi!JbKOrO aaMKY
.aycTpiti:aeMo a 1448 p. KpiM ttace.11.eHHH Be.llUKUX
i Ma.flux Cmopo:J1CiB, i:ge Hace.11.eHHH CRHil/bKOl Ilo-
caiJu, Jl.y6piBKU, lf epme:J1Ca, Tpenl/.i Ta H0Boci.lle4b.
Bci gi oce.11.i - Kopo.11.iai:g11HH HeMoa aiHgeM oKpy-
l/aBillUf.I R 8 /OpisqRX .
.ma.11.H cTapoBHHHHH ropOA CRHiK, CT0.11.H!JIO C.slHi!JbKoi
. . .
aeM.11.I, pe3HAeH!JUO CTapoCTH, OCIAOK ropoACbKOro,
.aeMCbKoro Ta BHi:goro HiMe!JbKoro CYAY Ay6piaKa
6y.11.a B nociAaHHIO pOAHHH Pai1TapOBCbKHX. neTpo
PaihapoBCbKHH KyrrHB ce.11.0 Jl.o.!LUHY (Ha niBA. ai.tt
Cs1H0Ka) BiA IBaHa Ao.11.11HCbKoro, 1<0.11.H miHKa lsaHa,
AttHa, i:go Ma.11a Ha ciM ce.11.i aa6eaneti:eHe caoe aiHo,
7. TpaBHH 1440 p . .apeK.11.aCH nepeA CHHi!JbKHM CYAOM
gboro aa6e.aneti:eHHH.
Ao Kopo.11.iai:gHH Ha.11.ema.11.H i:ge Ilo.!LOBL/i, ara4am
115
B CSIHiJ:!bKHX CYAOBHX KHHrax 11. TpaBH.R 1444 p .
.s HarOAH MaeTKOBHx cnpas M ~ m Kosa.l\eM .HKoBOM
3 noJ\OBJ:!iB Ta :H:oro 6paTOM AHApieM; i . TaK02K
Kocmapisu,i, siAKiAH ,,npoKypaTop" .HKym cTaB ne-
peA C.RHiJ:!hKHM cyAoM, ni3eaHHH 12; .l\IOTH.R 1435 p.
lsaHoM ConHJ\eM, KMeTeM 3 BeAenoA.R, i siAKi.l\.R 22.
KBiTH.R .1442 p. gi.l\HH pHA KMeTiB 3apytms 3a CBO-
HOro TOBapHma, JMO AO ABOX THamiB 3an.l\aTHTb
tta.l\omeHy Ha Hhoro ropOACbKY (3aMKosy) Kapy.
CyMemHi llonelli a IOpilBU,i, Tenep IOpisgi, Ha.l\e-
ma.l\H AO MHKOJ\H ne.l\KH IOpiiBCbKOro, JMO 14 J\HilH.ff
1472 p. 3aCTaBJ.rn Oone.l\i i IlOJ\OBHHy Be.l\HKOrO
-cTaey B IOpiiegHx 3a 70 yropCbKHX 30.1\0THX. B 1434
p. eiH npHA6as JMe CpoziB, (Tenep Cyropie) i c/Ja-
JZii'BKY HaA noToKoM PomeBHM.
llaKOUJ.iBKCt i J!RllUH.
1
) 6y.l\H AiAH3HOIO TpbOX 6pa-
'TiB: naKoma, leaHa i ToMKa. naKOlli 3anHcaB 4 J\IOTH.ff
1441 p. ceoiH miHgi MaprapeTi 120 MapoK nocary
i BiHa Ha IlOAOBHHi naKomiBKH Ta o6ox Asi:J\HHie;
oniCASI, 16 6epe3HSI 1443 p. 6paTH IlOAi.l\HJ\HC.R MaH-
HOM, IlpH 1IiM 0aKOllieBH npH3HaAH IlSITb KMeTiB
B PychKiM AHAHHi Ta qacTHHY HiMeJ:!bKoro AHJ\HHa
BiA AHAHi pa30M 3 AicaMH no11HHa1011H siA fpa6isHHgi.
B AOJ\HHi Csi:Hy, AaAbme Ha nieHitI siA CHHOKa,
..l\emHTb ce.l\o I'llYMlf.a. B 1441 p. 6y.Aa ni3eaHa nepeA
.CSIHiJ:!bKHH CYA .RKaCb Koea.l\eBa 3 r .l\yM11i, 3a KOTPY
3apy11HB AemKo 3( cyciAHoro ceAa KiH.CbK020. BAaCHH
KOM KiHcbKoro i ceAa /Ompunosa, TenepimHboro
B11TpHAoea, 6ye Mai\ AHTomeBHtI, JMO 15 cepnml
1439 p. npoAaB IlO.l\OBHHY J:!HX Ci.I\ neTpOBH CMol..
A11HCbKOMy, C.RHiJ:!KOMY CTapocTi, 3a 100 MapoK. 0o-
1
) CTpo HaOa4K TaTapiB Ha ClIHigbld 3eMAi B 1475, 1476, 1496, KOJ\H
1'0 BOHH 406HJ1HCll alll 40 CeAa CTaKOilliBKK Ta 5faH&a (AllAHHa), 43.Jlbllle
a 1500, 1503, 1504 geoBy gaiiWAH am ni4 BocbKo, CHeia, 4e11Ki garoBH
nim.\11, DJ1bOH4py10qK am ni4 Cypoa11g10, eaX04KMO TaKolll 3aOKCKH B icTOp.
po3ai4Kax BiHllllla, - Ziemia sanocka w latach 1463-1552.
8*
116
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graAaHOI B CHHI!!bKHX CJAOBHX ganHCKaX Bnepme
B 1442 p., npoAaB 13 11epBHH 1458 p. fOpiii 4e-
CHKOBH11 .3 ByKoeoro IeaHOBH AoAMHCbKOMy, nepe-
MHCbKOMY xopymKoMy, pa.30M .3 AicaMH i OCTpOBOM
Ha pigi C11Hi. CeAo puiJHR HaA 6e.3iMeHHHM noTi11KoM,.
AiBoIO npHTOKOIO CHtty, 6yAo ocepeAKOM MaGTHOCTH.
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caHi B CHHigbKHX CJAOBHX (KHHLKKax) aKTax Bnepme:
e 1464 p. i 1468 p., .3Hoey ceAo ByKoBe, TenepimHHH
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CT06Huge10, npasoIO npHTOKOIO BHcJ\OKa, cTpi11asMo
CeJ\O I'yMHUCbKG B 1436 p., CeJ\O I'ipKU B 1464 p.
Ta BoJIFO Ha KiHU,i I'ipoK (TenepimHIO f opegbKY
BoAIO). HaA CT06HHge10 J\eLKHTb TaKoLK MiCTO Ee-
peaiB .3 eicTKoIO B 1447 p.; BiATaK Cmapa Beeb,.
DJIU3He, flJiocuna BoAH, 4oMapaa, f/6JIOHUU,R (Te-
nep noJ\bCbKa), OpixiBHULJ,R, (Tenep OpixiBKa) i Hce-
HUU,R; B 1454 p. noAH6aeMo ceAo HceHULJ,bKY BoJIFO,
flpucimHUU,IO i fOJibU,OBy.
Ao CHttigbKoi oKpyrH HaJ\eLKaJ\H oceAi OiJpUKOHb-
ByzJiiBKa (Tenep BaHiBKa), Koml.f.UHa, (Tenep Kop-
11utta), CKJIRpu Ha nisHi11 BiA AHHosa, KaJibm6opH'
(TenepimHH KoM6opaH). HaA noTOKOM BHcOKOIO Ae-
m.aAa J!!e HiMegbKa KOJ\boHiH MixeJ\bCAopcp, a6o Mu-
xaiiJiiBKa. Mim. HceHHge10 Ta KMbT6opHoM noecTaAa
e XV-iM e. oceJ\H BepxHa .HceHHgH, HKY eiATaK
e 70-u pp. cTaAH .3BaTH KaJibm6opHCbKOIO BoJieFO,
a6o HosHM KaAb6opHoM; ge TenepimHa KoM6opHCbKa.
117
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3 KopocHOM ceAo ERJZ06'J!Ceti, 3acH0BaHe Ha Hi-
MeJ!bKiM rrpasi. I.J:!e ni3Hirnoro llOXOA2KeHHH 6 CeAO
lfopHa HceHUlJR, TerrepirnHi 4opHopiKH. Ha rrieAeH-
llHH 3axi4 BiA MicTa .6epe3osa, Mim CT06HHge10 Ta
BHcAoKoM, AemaTb ceAa HceHiB, 3MUHUU,R i Type-
IIpuiJopoxHa tjJitypa B D.unoBi.
noJZe. CeAO TpernHiB (3B. 4epernHis), cyciAHHH ra-
lfiB, (3B. rrepBiCHO f apTccpeAbA) 3ra4y10TbCH B 1457 p.
HaceAeHHH ceAa Mic4R, PoziB Ta A106aTiBKH rrpa- .
!JIOBaAO B 1445 p. rrpH Harrpasi napKaHiB Ha 3aMKY
B Csrnogi; B i448 p. 6a1.1HM0. rrpH ciH po6oTi J!!e
11 HaceAeHHH BpoqaH1cu, KopocmeHKa Ta HcKpuHol
BoJZi, TenepirnHo"i YlcKpHHi. MicTe1.11<0 KopOCHO Ma.Ao
-caMoynpasy Ha 11i4cTaBi Mar' Ae6ypcbKoro rrpasa i 11i4-
J\HraAo BHJ!!OMY HiMeJ!bKOMY CYAOBH Ha CHHiJ!bKOMY
118
3aM1<y. Ao oceAh, oca.a,meHHX Ha HiMeghKiM. npaei
EaAemae TaKom i CyxoiJill. Mim KopocHeHChKHM eii:i-
TOM neTpOM Ta HOrO CHHOM lsaHOM 3 OA,HOrO 601<y
i paAHHM M. KopocHa 3 .a.pyroro, eeAHC.R .a,oeri cnop11
npo AiCH KOAO ceAa Ill,enaHU,OBOl Ta Mi.lK l!!enaHgo-
BOIO i CeAOM no.l\.RHKOIO B 1451 p.
OieHiqHo-3axi.a,Hy qac1'111-1y C.RHiqq11HH TBOpHAH
3eMAi 3 oceM1M11: Eaxip, EJZaJJCoBa, Bapa, BeceJZa,
(ii np11HaAemHiCTh .a,o CHHi!JhKoi 3eMAi cTBep.a,mye:
cy.a,oea 3an11c1<a 3 5 .l\HnH.R 1496 p.), Bo.JZowe (Te-
nepiIIIHHH BoAOA3b), I'apma, I'uJJCHe, I'oiJJZe, (Te-
nepiIIIui r OA,Ai CK.l\.RpCbKi Ta KauqyghKi), MiCTO
Jl,uHiB, Jl,uHoBeU,b, (Tenepiurne A11HiBCbKe nepe.a,MicT.R),
I'JZOiJHe (Tenepiurne r.l\YAHO), l(y6piBKa (Tenep CTap-
.lKHHCbKa), J1a6uu,R (g.R oceA.R 3.1\HAaC.R 3 J13.a,e61<aM11),
11aiJe6Ku, l(yJZuKiBKa, Jluna (TenepilllHHH A11nH111<),.
Jly6Ho, JlRCKiBKa, Mow,aHUU,R ( TenepilllHi MoJ!!,aHKH
1<0Ao f11mHa), HeBicmKa, HoaiJpeu,b, flRmKoBa, CiiJ-
llUCbKa, C!CllRpu, YJlJmuu,a, <PymoMuHa (Tenep c:Dy-
ToMa) Xo.a.opieKa.
BamHa A,.l\.R Hae Ta1<om cy.a,oea 3ra,ll,Ka 3 1 ciqH.ff
1494 p. npo ceAa JlunoBUU/O (TenepilllHHH A11no-
eegh Ha.a, Di.l\hqe10, AiaoIO npHTOKOIO BceAKH) i Tu-
llRBY pa30M 3 MiCTOM Jl,yKJZeFO, KO.l\H caMe 5l1<ie
3 MeHA3HI'opma, xo.l\MChKHH 1<acTe.1u:rn, npo.a,ae gi
ce.l\a 3a 800 yropcbKHX 30.1\0THX 6poniMOBH Ko611-
A.RHChKOMY 3 npaeoM RHKyny .a,o 3 AiT. Po.a,11ua Ko-
611.1\.RHChKHX BOAOA,i.l\a giAiCTIO .a,i.a,iqHHX MaTHOCTeH
i 1<opoAiBIJ!HH e 06.1\aCTH ropilllHOi B11cAOKH. Tpa
6paT11: 6poHHM, leaH i 5IKie Ko6HA.RHChKi no.a,iAH.l\HCH
25 TpaeH.R 1487 p. B .geif cnoci6, IJ!O 6pomrnoei np11-
naA11 .a,i.a,11qHi MaeTHOCTH B ,,EeghKiif 01<py3i:" Ko611-
J\.RHH, AparaHOBa, CyAiCTpoea, MaKOBHCbKa, r .l\OHcge,
AiIJ!HHH (KoAo f opAH!Jh), nepe.a,MiCT.R AYKAi i no.
cMepTH MaTepH AeHKH
1
a 3 1<opo.11iBIJ!HH Ta1<021t.
119 .
B ,,6egbKiH: 0Kpy3i:" AeHLKaHH, 3aAemKe, r oparngi
i MapK.ynIKa - noAomeHi HaA B11c.l\OKOIQ Ha nisHiq
BiA lKMHropoAa.
Ha npasoMy 6epe3i .Hce.l\KH, Ha aaxiA BiA KopocHa
noq11Ha.l\acH BiA ce.l\a CBepJICOBOl (Tenep PychKa Csip-
.mosa) i 4o6ewuiw, nHJ\b3HeHCbKa OKpyra CyAO-
MHpCbKOro B06BiACTBa. Ao gei 0Kpyr11 Ha.l\eLKa!IH
ii cyMemHi Ce.ii.a: TypamisKa (TenepimHa TopomisKa)
i no.l\HHKa, 6All.Hqi, CToTiK i BoHIDiBKa, y CTpo6Ha.
!J,iAHH pHA ocell.b e AO!l.HHi B11cll.0Ka BHl!!e <Ppuw-
m01ca Hall.emas B cepeA1rni XV B. AO poAHHH Ka-
MHHe!JbKHx, AiAH'liB 3aMKY KaMHH!JH, KO!l.O 0ApHKOHH,
1!!0 iioro 3Ball.HIJ!a 3axoea.i\HCH AOCi. npH IlOAiAi Ka-
MHHe!JbKHX HaxoAHMO Tai<i ocell.i: 6paTKisKy, BsAbo-
noll.6, (Ha nistti'l BiA <Ppm1ITaKy), BoiiKisKy, AeHKH,
MaAHHiBI<'J, neTpymosy Boll.IO, AoHlJKM: i B11c0Ky -
3raAaHi s no6oposiM pescTpi CyAOMHpCbKoro so-
6BiACTBa 3 1508 p.; Aall.bme KpacHe, HH3IllHH Ao-
Mapa3 a6o AioTlJa, lKapttoea, KoHelJKosa i .HsopHHK
6yAH 3 noqaTKOM XVI CT. (1508 p.) B.i\acHicTIO
MHKOJ\H MaKOBCbKoro 3 HH3HH.
MicTa CTpHmis (Tenep CTpHmis) i l..JyAegh 3 Ha-
ll.eLKHHMH AO HHX Ce.l\aMH: 6a6HgH, 6apH'I (6apH'IKa)
6AemaHKa, BHmHe, (6icKa, r AiHiK (HaA BHCJ\OKOM),
r O,.i\OBa, 3a6opis, lKH3HiB, HoBHH 3rAo66Hb (Tenep
3rAo66HCbKa BoAn), HogKosa, Hsxo6.m, Hosa-Becb,
CnopHe (Tenep He3HaHe), TponH, 6yAH s.me B XV.
CT. (B ,,CyAOMHpCbKiH 3eMlli, nH.i\b3HeHCbKiH OKpy3i").
3Hosy ce.i\a PaHUJICiB, PaHUJICiBCbKY BoJIIO, HicKo
i 8aoce B ,,CyAOMHpCbKiH OKpy3i" ,.i\aB IlO.i\bCbKHH
KOpO.il.b .HH 0Ab6paxT B 3acTaB 29 cilJHH 1494 p.
y1<paiHCbKOMY (pycbKOMy) B06BOAi lsaHOBH 3 flHAh'li
3a 1000 yrop. 30.il..
BKiHgH 8 noAaTKOBiM pescTpi 3 1508 p. 3raAaHi
l!!e ceAa KonKH Ta TaHBa (Ko.l\O Y .il.HHOBa, 6iAHHH,
120
6iAHHeJ.!bfTa 6.1\HHaBI<a (f J\HHHHKa) Ha npaBOMY 6e-
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3 noBHLKlloro 6atIHMO, igo BOAOAiA piK BHcA01<a,
BHc.l\OKH, ALKepeAa pillKH KpacHoi, pitIKH CTo6HHJ.!i,
BiATaK BOAOAiA BHc.1\01<-CHH - TenepimHH no.l\oca
Mim 6epe3iBCbKHM i CTpHmiBCbKHM nosiTaMH, BOAO-
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J10Teo ea cTiJbqHKy. Muroea Bo.All.
(.H. Cl>aJlbKOecKi - B. CTamHH4J:bKHii, Ha AeMKiBCbKo-6oiiKiecbKOMY
npoMelKlKi, Abeie 1935 ).
AiAbHHH xpe6eT Mim noTOKOM CTaBHCbKa, (ig::> s ceAi
BHmHiM BJ\HBa6TbCH AO B11cA0Ka) i ABOMa iHmHMH
Aa.l\bllle Ha cxiA Il.l\HBYllHMH 6e3iMeHHHMH npHTOKaMH
gei piKH ( TenepimHH Me.ma Mim CTpHrniscbKHM i PH-
wiscbKHM nosiTaM11), Aa.l\bllle HaA pitIKOIO ropimHbOIO
l-JopHOIO (Aiso10 npHT01<010 BHc.l\oKa), . ycTH piKH
Oc11HH i caMoi OcHHH - 6yAH ige Ao XVI CT. Mali.me
He3aceAeH1 npocTopH.
121
f:'.]ToAi TsepAmeHH.H Apa IsaHa Kp11n.H1<eswrn, i:go
TIO.l\OCa Mim cepeAYIJ!OIO >Ice.l\KOIO i cepeAYIJ!HM
B11c.l\OKOM, .HK Ta1<0m Mim piq1<010 Oc1rno1;.0 Ta AO-
AirnHHM C.HHoM 6y.l\a BKpHTa rycTHM npaAicoM, Ta,
:i:go !!.H noAoca ni3Hirne 6yAa 3ace.l\eHa, Ii IIIOHHO
B neprn11x' noqaT.Kax XVI. CT. noqascR B !!HX CTO-
poHaX mHBiIJ!HH KOJ\bOHi3.agiHHHH. pyx - snosHi 3a-
Ha npH3HaHH.H I 3 !!HM MH noroAmyeMOC.H,
60 BiA TOAi 6aqHMO 6araTO HOB0-3aCHOBaH.HX oce.l\b
y 3raAaHiH noAoci.
Ha qac oKynagii faAHqHHH Ka3HMHpOM Be.l\HKHM
npunaAa musa KOJ\bOHi3agiliHa . AiHJ\bHiCTb 3 MCTOIO
3ace.l\eHHH nopO>KHH:X npoCTOplB y npHrpaHHqHHX
-06.1\acT.si:x. Ka3HMHp HaAaB 25 qepBHH 1361 p. aaxo-
.LKHM .3 y ropi:gHHH 6paTaM OeTpOBH i naBJ\OBH nycTi
-06.1\aCTH B CRHi!!bKiH 01<pysi Ha noM1x asaHHX
36oii.cbKa (Ha nisHiqHHH-cxiA siA Ey1<iscb1<a), KOJ\O
.cs. OeTpa B ByKiBCbKY (TenepirnHoi BoAHgi) HaA pi-
KOIO C11Hiq1<0M, BiA Me.m 1<op0Aiscb1<Hx ciA OpociKa
Ta CTo6iAHoi am AO AmepeA C.si:HiqKa, a TaK02K nycTi
-06.1\ac;rH asaHi Buc.11.olf.KOM (TenepirnHHH BeAHKHH
B11cA01<) i PaiJomulf.aMu HaA pi1<010 OcAas11ge10
.a npHTOKaMH gei piKH siA Mem ceAa Cypos11gi no
.A2KepeAa piKH Buc.l\oKa, pasoM si sciMH np11Ha.l\e.m-
HOCTHMH, RKi Ha.l\e2Ka.l\H AO KOpOAH i AO lioro noMiCTR
.c11Hi!,!bKoro 3aMKy. Toro.m caMoro AHH, KaaHMHp AaB
THM2Ke 6paTaM 0eTpOBH i 0aBJ\OBH nycTi ceAHIJ!a
,,s C.HHigbKili 01<pysi" /OpiBu,i i CpoziB HaA piq1<010
PycasoIO (Tenep noT. PomeBHM) am no A2KepeAa no-
TOKis AHAHi i TeMernosa Ta no 6epir C.si:Hy. YropcbKa
Mapi11 noAapHAa 20. J\IOTHH 1383 p.
l1oc11q>osi OA11ros11 (BoAoxosu) ce.l\o KyHgeHAOP<P
i Aic llopaJJC (,,a PycbKiM 1<opoAiscTsi"). MicTo CR-
lliK AiCTaJ\o Mal' 4e6ypcbKe npaso i:ge BiA OCTaHHbOro
<:ysepeHHoro raAHJ:!bKO - BO.l\HHCbKoro KHR.3R EoAe-
122
cAaea-IOpiH IL 20. cit.IHH 1339 p.; npH gm HaroAi
KHH3b HacTaHoe11s TYT eiHToM EapT1<a si CyAOMHpa
i HaAae iioMy MAHH e cyci,11;HiM ce11i Tpenl.f.i. (0To2K
ce.l\o Tpenqa - ge neprna yKpaiHCbKa oceAH e CH-
Jlunu 6i11R 4epKsu s Pycbf(it1 >l 6J10Hu4i.
Hlt.It.IHHI, npo . m ~ y l!!,e 3 1339 p. Ma6MO icTOpHt.IHY
ara,11;Ky). KasHMHp Be11HKHH noHOBHB HaAaHHH Mar' ,11;e-
6ypcbKoro npaea C.srni t.It.IHHi s qaci csoro no6yTy
B giM MicTi 25 6epe3HH 1366 p. Ce.11.0 f/6JZOHUll,IO
(PychKy, HaA C.siHoM) ,,a CHHigbKiii 01<pysi" Ha,11;as
123-.
BoAOAHCAaB OniAhCbKHH 31. TpaBH.ff 1373 p., B qaci
caoro no6yTy B Csrnogi, OepeMHC.l\asosi 3 AeH1J11gL
3a APYrHM no6yToM e C.RHogi geH:me KH.ff3b ,,6ama-
JOlJH cso10 Y 1<paiHChKY PychKY 3CM.l\JO 36oraTHTH
3acHOByBaHH.ffM OCC.l\b," HaAaB 15 6epe3H.ff 1376 p .
CrnHHC.l\asosi Togi npaso Ba.l\otKHTH Ha Mar'Ae6yp-
ChKiM npasi ceAo I'ipKU HaA pitJKal\rn Cxoso10 Ta.
A106axoso10 B C.RHighKiH oKpyBi; Mim csiAKaMH Ha.
rpaMoTi niAnHcaHHH C.RHi!JbKHH cTapocTa BeHKO. Ko-
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A.RtJY6 csi:H IIOlJaTOK CC.1\0 (onicAH i Tenep MicTo}
Eepe3iB. Bme 2. moeTH.R 1350 p. KopoAb HaAaB CTe-
naHosi, CHHOBH Bo:HcTa ai Co6Hoea (Ko.l\o 5IcAa)
.lli6poey 3sauy 6epe3oso, noAomeHy no o6ox 6oKax.
piKH CT06m1gi ,,s YKpaiHChK_i:H-PychKili aeMAi i C.R-
uighKi:H KaCTCA.RHii," B giAi 3a.l\OLHeHHH TaM Ce.l\a Ha
Mar Ae6ypcbKiM npasi. !J.R nepwa cnpo6a Ma6yTh
He Ma.l\a ycnixy, 60 wicTb AiT onic.J\.ff., 28 citJH.ff 1366 p.,.
!Me pa3 HaAa6 g10 caMy aeMAJO ,,no o6ox 6oKax piKH
Depe30BH B 3eMAH" ctlaAHC.l\aBOBi 3j
PmocAOHH Ha 3acuoeaHHH ceAa Ha Mar ,lle6ypchKiM
npasi. YropcbKa KopoAeea M"api.a, BHBiuosyJOtJH Ka-
TOAH!JbKe enucKoncTBO B OepeMHIIIAi, HaAa.l\a 3 KBiTHH
138'1 p. enHCKOIIOBH 6puxoeH ceAa BpeaeH (Bepeais)
Ta J{oMapa3 HaA CT06uHge10, PiBne Ta ll,ep20By
HaA 5Ice.l\KOIO i PaAHMHO (K0.1\0 nepeMHIII.l\H). PisHe
i !Jeprosa noRcTaJrn TaKom Ba qacis KaaHMHpa Be-
.l\HKoro. 3a no6yTy B CHHogi, KOpOAb no3BO.l\HB
25 citJHH 1352 p. c.aHigbKOMY MiIMaHHHosi, AiTMa-
poei 3a
0
.l\02KHTH HaA 5Ice.l\KOIO ce.l\O Ha
npaei Ta Ha3BaTH :Horo PieHHM, a 22 TpasHH p.
(s Kpa1<osi) AaB- noBHOBAaCTb MapTHHOBi 3
rosoi 3aA02KHTH HaA ceJOiK pitJKOIO HOBe CCJ\O,,_ lfa
Mar Ae6ypcbKiM npasi i Ha3eaTH H:oro ll,epWBOlfJ.
B THX caMHX qacax noscTa.l\o :H ce.l\o AoMapaa;
124
13ipHTH rpaMoTi, .RKOIO Ka3HMHp BeAHKHH HaAaB
26 J\HilH.R 1359 p. .RKOMJCb naBJ\OBH npaBO 3aCHO-
BaHH.R ceJ\a gei Ha3BH ,,B C.srnigbKiH OKpygi" HaA
piKoIO CT06HHge10. Toro-m AH.ff, J!!O PieHoMy (25
-ci1rn.R 1352 p.) AaB notiaToK H: oceAi 11cKpu-
1iii1., AaIOtIH 51KoBOBH YlcKpi B Aicax, J!!O 3BaJ\HC.R
06peiHiB Ta EpaxgliH HaA piKOIO B11cA0KolO 60 Aa-
Hie, J!!06 noceJ\HB TaM ce.l\o Ha HiMe!!hKiM npaei niA
Ha3BOlO 06piHOBa. !J,H HaAaHa Kopo.l\eM Ha3Ba He
BAepmaJ\acH; ceAo Bi.I\ ceoro oca4qoro YlcKpH eme
B xv. CT. CTaJ\O 3BaTHC.H YlcKpHHOlO i !!H Ha3Ba,
CmapUIJHR 4epKBa B l aae6Kax.
3aMiCTb 0ApiHOBa, BHCTynaB B IlOTBepAtKeHHlO gei
rpaMOTH Ka3HM11pa KopoAeM .lK11rMOHTOM I. B 1530 p.
Ao Ka3HMHpoe11x J\bOKagiH: HaJ\etKHTb BiATaK i ceAo
Dllll3He, HKoro 3aAomeHH.H Ha Mar Ae6ypchKiM npaei,
KopoAb nopyq11e 25 KBiTH.H 1366 p. ctlaAbKOBH 3 Ko-
pocHa, ,,J!!o6 36iAhIIIHTH AOXOAH e CHHi!,!hKiH oKpy3i."
f paMoTy Ka311M11pa BeAHKoro 3 28 ciqtt.H 1366 p.
npo 3aCHOBaHHH MiCTa r OXIIITaT - B11coKeMiCTO, .HKY
' BiAHOC.HTb AO MicTe:Ka f!CJZUCbK - IlOMH-
- 60 BOHa HeMa6 BlAilOBlAHHX AaHHX npo
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125
B cyciACTBi 3 !JeproB010, noBcTaJ\a B Ka3HMHpo-
BHx 1.1acax ige oceMI HceHKa. fpaMOTOIO 3 24 J\IOTHH
1363 p. Ka3HMHp no3BOJ\HB fpH!!bKOBH 3apoau1.1eBH
B. Aici .HcyATi, KOJ\O pi1.1KH .HceJ\KH, AO C.s1:
Hl!!bKOro 3aMKY' 3aJ\02KHTH ceAO Ha HIMe!!bKIM ,npaBI
i AaTH iioMy Ha3BY f pH!!eBa BoAH. Aeigo ni3Hime
y !!iii oKOAH!!i 3acH0BaHo ceAo EucKynulf.i. Oepe-
MHCbKHH em1CKOil 6pux npoAaB 1 ci1IHH 1386 p.
COJ\THCOBH 3 PiBHa MuxaHJ\OBH Aicu KOJ\O PiBHa Ta
!JeproBH B !!iAH 3aCHOBaHHH TaM CeJ\a
!Je ceJ\O BHCTynae ige B rpaMOTi KOpOAH .HraHJ\a
CmapuHHR qeplcsa B Ymo'li e. CneoM.
3 8 TpaBHH 1434 p. niA Ha3BOIO .SucKynu!!i. 3 onucy
noAomeHHH BHXOAHTb, igo !!e .fenepimtta JI106amiBKa.
Ka3HMHp Be.l\HKHH npoAaB 3 qepBHH 1358 p. ne-
TpOBi, BiHTOBH . 3 K0Aa1.1u1.1, coJ\THCTBO B Kopo-
AiBCbKiM ceAi Porn ,,B YKpaiHCbKiH-PychKiH 3eMAi
KOJ\O KopocHa HaA pi1.1Ko10 A106aTiBKOIO," Aa101.1u
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npaBi 110 AaHiB 3 ropu BiA ce.l\a Micqe (TenepimHe
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B !!iii rpaMoTi (,,B YKpaiHCbKiii-PycbKiii 3eM.l\i
KopocHa") BKa3ye ii Ha npuHaAemHiCTb caMoro /(()..,
pocHa AO YKpaiHn-Pycu. MaeMo ige rpaMoTy
MHpa BeAHKoro 3 19 J\HCTonaAa 1367 p., HJ.(OlQ lfifl
126
npoAamy KopocHeHCbKoro BIHTIBCTBa MH-
xaHJ\OM I 5lKyIIIoM naIIIKOBH 3 TapHOBa Ta 3BiAbHHB
HOBHX noceAettgie KopocHa eiA THrapie Ha OAHH piK,
.aJ\e B HiH npHHaAemHiCTb MicTa He 3a3HaqeHa. 3a
.ge HanHc y MaHaCTHpi $pattgiurnattie B KopocHi,
JMO eeAHqas <PYHAaT.opa
KOHBeHTy, CBIAqHTb 3a npHHaAeiKHICTIO !JbOro MlCTa
.AO YKpaiHH-PycH. BnpoqiM cnieqacHHH noAbCbKHH
xpoHiCT 51HKO 3 4apHKOBa, BHqHCAHIOqH MiCTa i 3aM-
KH - 3acHoeaHi Ka3HMHpoM BeAHKHM, Ha3HBae 30B-
-ciM BHpa3Ho KopocHo Mim yKpaiHCbKHMHpychKHMH
MiCTaMH.
B qaci csoro no6yTy e Baxopi BoAOAHCAas OniAh-
CbKHH HaAaB 31. rpyAHH 1377 p. AoAOMHpoei BoAo-
IIIHHoei I'oiJ.Jze - IlOAe (TenepiIIIHi f aAAi), . JM06 TaM
-ocaAHB oceAIO Ha BOAOCbKiM npa.Bi. MicTo TULf.Ul-l
noecTaAo JMe 3a qacie Ka3HMHpa BeAHKoro, HK Hi-
Me!JhKa KOAbOHiH. KopOAb ,, 6amaIOqH 36iAhIIIHTH AO-
XOAH 3 C.s1Hi!JbKoi oKpyrH", no3BOAHB 14. 6epe3HH
1378 p. EepTO.l\bAOBH TiqttepoBH aacttyeaTH MicTo
Ha Mal' Ae6ypcbKiM npaei B Aici HaA piqKoIO EiAoIO
{Tenep CTpyr) KOJ\O cTapHHHboro . ceAa Bi.Jzoi" i Ha-
AaTH HOMY Ha3BY THJMHH. nHAe!JbKi 3 THpHBH 3a-
MiH.HAH onicA.H 3 KH. BoAOAHCJ\aBoM OniAhCbKHM csoi
AiAHqHi Ma6THOCTH 3a T11qHH i J(aflLf.y2y. YnpaBHTeAb
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paI-OqHcH Ha He4aeHi nomepTBOBaHHH KopoAesoi Ma-
pii AA.H nepeMHCbKOro enHCKOilCTBa, IlOTBepAHB 5.
TpaBHH 1484 p. HaAaHH.H nepeMHCbKHM enHCKOilOM
pHXOM TaMOIIIHiH KaniTyAi AeCHTHHH 3 AattgyTa
ta 3j ciA AaH!JYTCbKoi BOJ\OCTH: KpeMHHHgi, B11c0Koi,
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:ueiJrAoMoro) Ta f aH!JJ\bOBH. Llw OCTaHHIO
OTOH n11.11.egbKHH, AaIOqH 23. .l\HCTOna4a
127
1381 p. f aH3AeBH AHHr'OBH 108 AaHie Aica "B AaH-
!!YTChKiH OKpygi" Ha ocaAmeHH.R TaM ce./\a Ha Mar' Ae-
6ypcbKiM npaei niA Ha3BOIO Asrnr'eHae. .HK qacTo
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J\iBKOIO). nepesopCbK 6ys eme B ApyriH IlOJ\OBHHi
XIII. B. MlCTOM. npo Horo npHHaAemHiCTb AO fa-
AH!JbKOl AepmaBH CBIAl.JHTb 3ra41<a B JinaTCbKiH
128
AiTonHCH npo ttana4 AsnIKa 4opHoro e 1281 p. Ha
YKpaiHy-Pycb; AsrnKO 3406ye TOAi ropOA. nepe-
. . . . .
BOpCbK, BHpI3aB !,!IJ\e HaCeJ\eHHH I, cnaJ\HBllIH MICTO,.
eepHyB .l!;OMiB (H. nOH,l!;e Ha3a,l!; BO CBOHCH). ,
PHrnie aa qacie KaaHMHpa BeAHKoro 6ye eamHi-
llIHM norpaHHqHHM 'Ocepe,l!;KOM i, oqeBH.l!;HO, MiCTOM.
Ka3HMHp Ha4ae 19 ciqHH 1354 p. leaHOBi naKOCJ\a-
BOBi ai CToLKHJ,!! ge M:icTo 3 giAoIO BOJ\OCTIO ,,e YKpa-
iHChKili-PycKiH 3eMJ\H," B Memax, HKi MaJ\H aa yKpa-
iHCbKHX KHH3iB, ai eciMa BLKe icHyIOqHMH Ta MaH-
6yTHiMH ceJ\aMff i BoAHMH, noqHHaIOqH ei4 rpaHH!,!I>
CyAOMHpcbKoi aeMAi, ge6TO eiA ce.l\a AoM6poeH,
,,KoTpe HaJ\eLKa.l\o AO CyAOMHpcbKoi aeMAi," am no
ceAo AemaHCbKO, cyMeLKHe a 51pocAaecbKOIO aeMJ\eIO,
Ta npaeopyq no Memi aaMKY 4y Aegh; aapaaoM ne-
peHic PHrnie 3 giAoIO BOJ\OCTIO Ha Mal' Ae6ypcbKe
npaeo. 3 gei rpaMOTH KaaHMHpa AiBHasMocH aapa-
30M npo icHoeaHHH eme TOAi ceAa AemaHCbKa Ta
npo lioro npHHaAeLKHicTb AO YKpa'iHHPycH; no cei-
AOgTey KoxaHoecbKoro, ge ce.l\o oca_AHB e XIV. e.
leaH KycTpa B Kpemoea. CyciAHHH B PHIIIeeoM A10-
TOpHLK HaJ\eLKaB ige AO C.s1HiqquHH. noqHH AO BaCHO-
eaHHH !,!bOro ceJ\a AaB KH. BoAOAHCJ\aB OniAbCbKHH,
HaAaIOqu B CHHogi 24 TpaBHH 1373 p. 51HOBH r o-
J\OMY Bi llhecbKa Ta AeHKOBH ai CTIIIeI'oea np1rni-
J\eH Ha aacHoeaHHH Ha Mal' Ae6ypcbKiM npaei ceAa
A10TopHLKa cepeA Aicie no o6ox 6oKax piK 6a6Hgi
Ta BHcJ\oKa e CHHighKiH oKpyai, Ha rpaHHgi CH-
HiqqHHH i Cy40MHpJ,!!HHH, MiLK MeLKaMH ciA 4yAgH
3 OAHOfO i neTpaIIIiBKH (TenepiIIIHOi fioI'yxBa.1\H) Ta
Hsxo6ma B Apyroro 6oKy.
BapTo BKiHgi araAaTH npo 3MHropoA, HaBeAeHHH
B paxyHKax 3 1325 p., ai6paHHX AeCHTHH MiLK napo-
xiHMH 3peHgiHCbKoro AeKaHaTy. Ao ghoro AeKaHaTy
HaJ\eLKaAH: 3peHgiH, araAyeaHHH AO 1358 p., CTapHH
129
Ta HoBHH 3MHropoA, - AO 1358 p., 3aAeHme AO
1357 p., MHTapm (Micharz, Micarz) AO 1357 p.,
.HcAo AO 1358 p., We6Hi, AeHmaHH, HeHamia,
ll\apttiegi, AeM60BC!Jb (Dambovidzal) AO 1358 p.,
Tapttoeegh AO 1356 p. i MaKOBHChKa AO 1355 p.
Opo 3MHropoA MaeMo iye iHTepecHy 6yAAIO laaHa
>KiHKU-HeMKUHi KllR'lamb nepeiJ qepKBOIO. KoManqa, nos. C11niK.
(Cl>O'I". JI. <i>WlbKOBCKi),
XXII B .3 1 6epe.3H.ff 1331 p., .ffKOIO rrarra IIOBBaA.ffS
AoMittiKattaM noAbCbKoi rrpoaiHgii BacHyaaTH Ma-
HaCTHP B 3MHropoAi, ,,BaMKY IIOAOiKCHiM Ha rrorpa-
HHqH KpaKiecbkoi, 6AH.3bKO rpattHgi cxHBMaTH!JbKHX
PycHHia, iyo MemyIOTh 6esrrocepeAHO Ba KpaKiBChKOIO
Ai6!JC.3i6IO," .3Ha'IHTb, 6yAA.ff .30BclM BHpa.3HO K a m e ~
lniocTpOB8H8 lcTopi!I J\eMKIB!jJRHK 9
130
igo rpaHH!!R Kpa1dscbKoi .a;is!!eBii si.a: YKpaiHH-PycH
lIOKpHBaJ\aCH 3 ,a:epLKaBHOIO rpaHH!,!eIO 00AbJ!!i.
BamHHM .a;oKa3oM, J!!O !,!iJ\HH pH.a; oce.l\b noscTaB
-cepe.a: npa.1ticis Ha ,,sHnaciIJeHiM," - BHKopqysaHiM,
BHpy6aHiM, BHTepe6.l\eHiM a6o BHila.l\eHiM IlOJ\i, -
!!e Ha3BH TaKHX oceJ\b: BHpy6H (Ko.l\o ct>pHIIITaKa),
.3apy6KH (K. KoJ\h6ymesH), Kop1IHHa (K. KopocHa),
Kop1IOBHCbKa (K. CoKo.l\osa), OnaJ\eHe!,!h, OriaAe-
HHCbKa (o6a K. AemaiichKa), Oopy6H (K. Bepe3osa,
PHMaHosa, CTpHmosa, THIJHHa), 0HHKH (K. KoJ\b6y-
IIIesh)., Tepe6oBHHCbKO, Tepe6ocb (TIIIe6ocb KO.l\O
CoKoAosa).
AeHKi Ha3BH oceAb BKaByIOTb npo KO.l\HIIIH6 6a-
ra!!TBO Aicosoi BBipHHH B ,a:aHiH OKO.l\H!,!i: BosKH
(K. r .l\Orosa), Bosqa BoJ\R (K. CoKOJ\OBa), BosIJaK
{2 oceAi K. TH1IHHa), BoJ\KOBHH (K. KiBJ\H
(K. HichKa), KiBJ\HHe!Jb (K. Bepe3osa), Ko3eJ\OK (K.
KoAh6ymesH), KoBHpHH (K. Py,a:HHKa), AHciii KyT
{K. THIJHHa), AHcH (K. f.1\oroea), He.a;se,a:cbKa BiAbKa
(K. CoKO.l\oea), He.a;ee.a;R (K. PonIJH!,!b), TypaIIIisKa
(Tenep TonopiBKa K. Kopoctta), Typs noJ\e (K. Be-
pe30Ba), TypHHCbK (Teaep TypHHCbKO K. ByKiBCbKa).
npo. IlO.l\OLKeHHH Ci.I\ i npHCi.l\KiB y cyci,!J.CTBi AiciB
'BKa3yIOTb TaKi Ha3BH: BipoK (K. KopocHa), oyKOBHH
.Aic (K. ct>pHIIITaKa), faii (K. PHIIIeea), Ai6poea (K.
.Eepe3oea i PHIIIeea), Ai6posKa (K. AaHb!JyTa), 3a
'6ops (K. CoKO.l\osa), 3arai (K. AemaHCbKa), 3aJ\ic,
.3a AicoM, 3aJ\ics (K. KopocHa), 3anoJ\RHKa (K. Be-
pe3osa), AicKH (K. 5IcAa), AicbKO (MicTo), AicoK (K.
TH1IHHH), AicKiBKa (K. AHHoea), Maii.a;aH (K. KoAh-
6yIIIeBH i AemaH:cbKa), Oi.a;raii (K. CHHOKa), Oi.a;Aic
(K. KopocHa), Oi.a;J\icoK (K. PHIIIeea), Oi.a;J\ics (K. Be-
pe3oBa, ct>pHIIITaKa, 5JcAa), noJ\HHa (K. 3MHfOpo,a:a),
illoAHHH (MHC!,!OBi, CypoBHIJHi K. AHKAi ii PHMaHoea),
floAHHKa (K. KopocHa), THcis Aic (K. HicKa).
131
. EaraTo 3Hoey oceAh ;ticTaAo Hagey ei;t Aicoe11x
.Aepee: Eepe3HHa (K. PonqH!Jb ii HcAa), Eepe3HH!JR
{K. PonqH!Jb), EepeBieKa .(K. 3MHropo;ta, THt{HHa
ii HcAa), Eepe3ie (MicTo), EepecTh (K. fpH6oea),
EepecToea r opa (K. KoAh6yweeH), Eyt{HHH (K. Ko-
pocHa), Ey1<ie (K. Eepegoea), Ey1<oea (K. HcAa), Ey-
Kosegb (K. KoAb6yweeH), EyKoBHHa (K. CeH,11;3iwoea),
Ey1<iBCbKO (MicTeqKo i ceAo), fiyqHHH (K. Kopocua),
Bep6ieKa (K. P.aweea), BiAhxiegi (K. CHHOKa), f pa6
{K. 3MHropo,11;a), fpa6HHa (npHciAoK EocbKa), fpa-
6aHHHa (K. 3MHropo,11;a), f pa6HHK (K. THt{HHa) f pa-
6isHH!JR (K. Eepegoea), AeM6iga (MicTo), AeM6oeegh
<K. HcAa), Ay6HHa (K. Eepe3oea), Ay6ie (K . . nepe-
1BOpCbKa), KopoJ\iBCbKa Eepega (K. Aem.aHCbKa), AHn-
HHK (K. AHHoea), AHnHHH Eip, AHnHH!JR (K. KoAh-
6yweeH), AHnoeegh (K. H.'.!AHCbK), AHns (K. fAoroea),
AiIMHHH (K. KopocHa, CTpHwoea), 0Ahxoea (K. CeH-
A3iwoea), 0Abxoeegh (K. AYKAi), 0AbWHHKH (K.
Eepegoea), 0AbWHHKH (K. Sepegoea, COpHwTaKa,
.KopocHa, CTpHwoea), OpixieKa (K. Eepe3oea), ni,11;-
6yt1HHa (K. HcAa), niAAHil6, (K. CeH,11;3iwoea), CMe-
. peKoeegh, CMepeqHe (K. AYKAi), Cespqie (K. KoAb.:
6yweea), CocHHHa, CocHH!Ji (K. COpHwTaKa), CocHie-
Ka (K. PRweea), TapuaeKa (K. PHMaHoea) . .
11Hwi Ha3BH 3B.R3aHi 3 npHMiTHBHHM cnoco6oM
nepeicHoro Aicoeoro oceAhHH!J.TBa. Po6iTHHKH, igo
.3aHMaJOTbC.ff AiCOBHMH npOMHCAaMH
.l\OBaMH, BHTOilJ\IOBaHH.ffM CMOAH), 2K.HJ\H 8 rnaTpax
36y,11;oeaHHX 3 raAy33H, igo geaAHCH 6yiJaMu, a6o
CGMaUJaMu; gi Ha3BH 38Ht{aHHO nepeXOAHJ\H ei,11;TaK
Ha piAbHHt{i oceAi, igo IlOBCTaJ\H Ha !JHX Micg.Rx.
TaKHH noqaTOK MaAH oceAi: Ey,11;a (K. KoAb6yweeH
i Tapuo6m.era), ByAKH (K. 3MHropo,11;a), EyAH (K
.Bepegoea), BeHrAieKa (BaHieKa K. KopocHa), BeH-
rAicKa (K. AaHb!JYT.a), fyTa (K. AHKAj, 3MHropo,11;a);
9*
132
. .
!!I oce.1\1 eKa3ylOTb, i:go nepe1cHe HaceAeHHR e ryTax,.
. '
CMaMIPifRX, eyrAlBKax, CKA.RpH.RX BHna.l\IOBa.l\o IlOTalll,.
CMOAy, 4bOrOTb, eyrOAb, .BHTOil.l\IOB.a.l\O CKJ\O i T. n.),.
fynt. (K. Eepe3oea), fyTHCbKO (K. ct>pHmTaKa), f a4Ai
CKA.RpCbKi (K. Hic1<a), C1<M1pH (K. 51cAHCbK i .L(HHO-
ea), CMo.l\egb (K. r Aoroea), CMOA.RpHHH (K .. AaHb-
gyTa), Wa.hamHCbKa (K. Eepe3oea).
3pyliHOBQHQ qepKBQ 8 llaHmHili.
!J,a IlOJ\OCa npaAlClB, i:go Ha 11 IlOBCTa.l\H HaBe,l\eHi
oceAi, 6yAa 3apa30M 3HaMeHHTOIO oxopoHOIQ nepeA-
eopom.HMH B06HHHMH noxo4aMH B OAHH i ApyrHH
6iK KapnaTCbKHX 3eMe.l\b . . nepeAepTHCH Aicoey
ryi:gaBHHy, Micg.RMH 3a6arHeHy, 6yAo AA.ff 6iAblllOro-
BiHCbKa 4ym.e T.R2KKO, MaH2Ke ToMy eci
B06HHi IlOXOAH 3i CXOAY Ha 3aXiA i Hao6opoT BH6H-
paAH co6i 4opory 3BH'I3HHO A3Abllle Ha nieHitI, qe-
pe3 Aio6AHHigHHY i CyAHMHpigHHy. CioAH np.RMyeae.
133
IKHH3b PoMaH McT11cAas11q s 1205 p. (611Tsa m.ii:
.3as11xocToM), CIOAH KHH3b AaHHAO ow. 1229: p. niA
KaAim, CIOAH HllIAH TaTapH KoAaHa niA KpaKiB
OK. 1240/41 p., CIOAH _nosepHyscH noxiA KH. AaHH.11.a
i BacHAbKa OK. 1243 p. (oceAi BiAa, 3soAH i AaBa,
3raAaHi B OiIHCl !JbOro IIOXOti;y, AemaTb B niBAeHHiH
IIonpao noHuxr.ie Mywwm.
(A:oAMHa nonpa11y Ta Ii Jtrneyi)
J\.106AHHJ!!HHi), CIOAH noxi.ii: BypyHAaH 3 BacH.l\bKOM
1259 p. TaKom i niBHimi IIOXOAH KHH3H Absa I. Ta
TaTapis 6paAH HanpHM Ha nisHiq siA ycni CHHy.
no.l\bCbKi BiHCbKa y noxo4ax Ha YKpaiHy-Pycb, BH-
611paAH TOH caMHH lllMIX. A1111Je HeBeAHqKi BiAAiAH,
IQ,O iM pa411Je XOAH.1\0 npo Hecno4isaHHH pa6yHKO-
BHH Hana.n., nepeKpaAaAHCH qepe3 rycTi AicH Ta no-
134
naAH8lllH i rropyiiHy8a8lllH cyMearni, HaCI<Ol.JeHi OI<O-
AHgi, l!HM lll8HAllle 8epTaAH AOMi8. Opo TaKHH Ha-
naA yI<paiHCbKoro I<HH3H BoA04apH PocTHC.l\a8Htia
Ha 3axi4 3ra4y6 noAbCbKHH xpoHicT BHHI<eHTHH
Ka4Ay6eK ni4 1122 p., 3 AOil08HeHHHM AAyr'ollla;
TaKHH i HaCI<01' noAbChI<oro I<opoAH EoAecAa8a CTHA-
.l\H8oro qepe3 T. 3B. BopoTa Ha EeA3IgHHY 8 1266 p.
Ta Ha6ir A6ll1Ka lfopHoro Ha Oepe8opcbI< 8 1281 p.
38Ht.JaHHa Ayt.J6a I<pi3h geii rpal-iH'llHHH npaAic ai4-
6y8a.l\aCH np11po4HHMH nporaAHHaMH cepeA Aica, no-
AHHaMH, noAyt.JeHHMH npopy6aHHMH lllMJXaMH T. 38.
npociKaMtJ. AM1, o6opmm TaI<,Jix nepexo4i8 nepeA.
80poroM 6yAH 8 AeHKHX ne8HHX MicgHx nopo6AeHi
3aciI<H . 3 8Y3bI<HMH npocMHI<aMH a6o eopoTaMH. !Je
6yAH T. 38. 6ponu. TaI<Hx .6poH, a6o HI< ix TaM
38a.l\H ,, br:iny" 6yAo 6araTo 8 norpaHHl.JHHX npa-
Aicax 4ecbI<oro Aica Ta Cy4eTi8, npo TaI<y 6poHy
Ha ni8AeHb 8iA MHcAeHH!J,b AAH o6opoHH nepexo4y
Ha YropigHHY 3ra.Ay6 rpaMoTa 3 1258 p. HaceAeHHH
cyMearnoro 3 6poHOIO OilO.l\H, igo 38Hl.JaHHO 3aHMa-
.l\0CjJ AiC08HM rrpOMHC.l\OM, Ma.l\O o60BH30K CTOpo-
lKHTH, 8opiT i 8 nepllly . e p r y 8 pa3i IIOTpe6H:
6opoHHTH nepexo4y. Ha noAbCbI<O raAH!J,hI<iM no-
rpaHHtll.JIO icHy8aAa TaI<a 6poHa Ha niB.AeHh siA.
CyAHBHlllHeBa (CeHA3illlosa), Ae ige B XIV-iM s ..
giAe oni.1\.1\H 3Ba.l\OCH. ,,3a6poHOIO" i Ha.l\ema.l\O AO
CyP.OMHpCbI<O'i KaCTeAHHii. TyT HaXOAHAHCH gi ,,Bo-
poTa" i ,, HasopoTa", yKpinAeHi 3aciKH, igo ix He:
MOlKHa 6yAo o6iHTH i K0.1\0 !J,HX IIO.l\bCbKi IlOJ\I<H, sep-
TaIOl.JH 3 Hana4y Ha EeACbKY 3eMAIO, 19. qep8HH
1266 p. po3rpoMHAH llleapHa, igo nirna8CH 3a HHMH.
(VinaT. AiTOIIHC). TenepilllHe ce.l\O nweBpomHe, Ha
nisHit.J 8iA PHlllesa, CB06IO Ha3BOIO i rroAomeHHHM
8i4no8iAaAo 6H Ha8opoTaM AiTOIIHCH. Ha icHy8aHHR
ti;pyrnx sopiT Aa.l\bllle Ha ni8AeHb Ha KapnaTChKiM
135
ni4rip10 aKa3yIOTb ABi oceA1 3 Ha3BOIO
OAHa HaA 51ce.l\KOIO Ha niaHiq BiA ,4yKAi, Apyra Ha
niaAeHHHH cxiA aiA .Hc.l\a. ,4aAbIIIe Ha 3axiA y giii
caMiH AiHii, 6AH3bKO ycn1 PonH AO BHCllOKH, AemHTb
ce.l\O 0IIJHCKH. 3 AiCOBHMH npociI<aMH 3BH3aHi J!!,e
Ha3BH oce.l\b flpyciK {OpyceK, B aKTax 3 XV. a.
3B. flpocceK), Ha niaAeHHHH 3axi4 BiA CHHOKa, i IIpu-
cimHUlfR Ha niaHiqHHH cxiA aiA Eepe3oaa. CTpo
j1ywamuHCbKe oaepo.
B.H30K HaCe.l\eHHH 6eperTH, CTOpomHTH AicHi nepe-
XOAH npHraAyIOTb oceAi: MicTo CmpuwiB (Strzyz6w
HaA BHC.l\OKOM, B AaBHHX rpaMoTax Strezow, Strze-
schow ), Ha niBAeHb BiA J!!,OHHO 3raAaHoi
Cmpa:J1CiB Ha 3axiA aiA PHIIIesa, Cmpy:J1Ca Ha niaA.-
3ax. BiA Y AHHoaa, Crnpy:J1Ce npHciAoK ,ao . ,4eM6Ha
npH ycTIO BHcAoi<a AO CHHY Ta BelluKi i Malli
Cmopo:J1Ci Ha niaAeHb aiA CHHoKa.
fIAHIJJH3H.HHI YACH
TA CTOYATOK llJKIAbHHIJTBA.
3 aKTiB xv: BiKy1) BHAHO, IMO CKpi3b icHyBaJ\a
Bme naHIMMHa. MaTepiHAH a AIOCTpagiH: noKaayIOTb,
J.!!O po3Mip naHIMHHH npoTRroM XVI. CTOAiTTJI no
CTiHHO apocTaB.
f OBOpR'IH npo naHIMH3HRHi IlOBHHHOCTH, Tpe6a
. . .
MaTH Ha ysa31 neBHY pl3HH!JIO, IMO ICHysaAa B npaK
-r11gi ciA! HKi 6yAH ocameHi Ha HiMe!JbKiM npaai i Ha
BOAOCbKIM.
B
. .
OCHOBI ycTpOIO CIA, ocameHHX Ha HIMe!JbKlM
u
npaBI, J\eJKaB ycTprn MICT 3 HlMe!JbKHM npaBOM,
TiAbKH, IMO aiH TYT 6ys npocTirrrnH:. OcatJ;HHK HiMe!Jb
a6o noARK, aanAaTHB neBHY cyMy BAaAi a6o miHoBi
Ta aacHoayaaa Ha neaHiM Micgi ceAo. BiH caM ,11,i
cTaBaB npHBiAeH Ha Te, IM06H 6yTH AiAH'IHHM BiHToM
y TOMY ceii.i Ta no611paTH 3 iioro, neBHi AOXO,!(H.
BiiiTH. cTasaAH Haqe AiAH'l?MH: cTaprrIHHOIO
ce.l\a I nocepeAHHKaMH MliK Ce.l\OM I naHOM, t(eKOJ\H
TaKOLK i cy,11,AHMH. CeAa, ocameHi Ha HiMe!JhKiM npaai,
1
) M. fpyweecbKHil: y tJo icmopil YKpaiH.u-Pjcu"
(1895-1910) onyfo.iKyeae MaTepi11.11H, nepexoeyeaei y eapwaecbKHx Ta
apxieax - npo nepeeeAeHHll Toquo'i J\IOcTpagii' KopoAiB!!!llHH
e 1565 p. e CauigbKiil: aeM.11i. MaTepi11.11 ai6paeo ee Ti.llbKH npo ce.11a KO-
poAiecbKi, a.11e TaKolK i npo npHeaTui Ma6TJ(H, RK!!!O npaea e.11 acHHKie gnx
M86TKie Ha BO.llOAiBBll HHMH He 6y.11H giAKOM neeei. B J!HX OilHCaX Kopo-
.11iBCbKHI MaeTKie, ai6paeo reorpaqiiqei eiAOMOcTi, eKoH0Miquorocno4apcbKi,
no5yToei, icTOpHqei, aJ\aAJKeHo peecTpH J\IOABOCTH Ta ieeeeTap AOXOAiB;
eaara.11i - MaeMo KapTHHY saceAeee11 i rocnoAapcbKOro cTaey, a ro.11oeeo
- CTBHY ci.11bCbKOi' .lllOAHOCTH.
137
TIAaTHAH BAaCHHKoei aeMAi TiAbKH 'llHHIII. AAe eme
:8 Apyrili noA08HHi XVI. cToAiTTH gH piaHHgH aa-
HHKae.
CeAa 80.1\0CbKOro npa8a icHy8aAH 8 r a.l\H'llHHi,
4pyri yKpaiHCbKi aeMAi gboro He MaAH. !Je npaeo
.aaHeceHo a Y ropl!!HHH, a MoAAa8ii Ta CeMHropoAy,
.Ae TaKa cpopMa aHaHa 8LKe a KiHgH XII. aiKy. Hali-
IKonocmac y qepKBi. B Hosi/1 Becu, Koll.a Hosozo CaH'la.
CeiT.11HB 4p. M. )t3epoeHq,
'CTapIIIa AOKyMeHTa.l\bHa 8ICTKa, npo OCaAy Ha 80-
.1\0CbKIM npaei B faAH'llHHi, IlOXOAHTb .3 1378 p.
OcaA'llHH (Ha Yropl!!HHi aeaecH ,,KHea") aa ne8HY
cyMy rpoIIIeH AiCTaBaB npHBiAeH OCaAHTH ce.l\O i 6yTH
8 HbOMY AiAi'llHHM cTapIIIHHOIO. BiliT AicTaea8 nee-
~ H H IIIMaTOK I'PY.HTy, OAHY TpeTHHY 1IHHIIIi8, A ? H H ~
l cyAOBHX AOXOAIB, rrpa80 IIOCTaBHTH M.l\HH, IHOAl
1i1 npaeo Ha neBHY , rraHIJ!HHY ceJurn.
138
npocpecop P. KaHHA.l\b Kame, J!!O iAeSI BOJ\OCbKOfO>
npasa Il031i1JeHa y HiMeIJbKOfO npaea. f OJ\OBHa pfaHH-
. ' . .
!Pl IlOJ\.HraJ\a B TOMy, J!!O ocaAgI Ha BOJ\OCbKIM npael
6yAH nepeeamHo yKpaiHgi Ta Ma.l\H ceoix ceJ\.HH ,,cy--
AHTH CBOiM yKpaiHCbKHM npaeoM"; i TYT 6yAo HaH-
MeHine BH3HCKIB.
fpyrneBCbKHH no.HCHI06, J!!O xoq 6y.l\H TaKi npH-
BiAe'i Ta npaea, OAHaqe IlOAeKyAH naHH BBOAH.l\H
naHJ!!HHY Ta BHMaraJ\H B2Ke J!!OAeHHOi naHJ!!H3H.HHor
npagi. TaKom e H:orom ,,4.mepeAax" T. III. Aheie.
1900 - npo ,,EKOHOMitme cmanosuw,e ceJZRH B CR-
niqbKiM cmapocmsi B cepeauni XVI. BiKy" qHTaeMo,
J!!O nopyq naHJ!!HHH icHyea.l\H J!!e ii iHrni HaTypaAbHi
0Api6KH, .HKi xapaKTepH3YIOTbCH no AOKyMeHTax THM,
J!!O Ce.l\.HHH "po6.l\.HTb, If!O (iM) CKamyTb," OT2Ke B0-
3HTb Apoea 3 Aicy, B03.HTb 6opornHo 3 M.l\HHa AO
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caMHX KOpoAiBCbKHX yHieepcaAiB i 3Heeama.l\H ix.
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4oe6yrn. CepeA HHX HapocTae TOH HacTpiii, IJ!O
npHeia AO oTsepTHx BH6yxie e noAOBHHi XVII. eiKy.
KO.l\H e faA11q1,rni noKa3a.l\HCH K03aghKi noAKH EorAaHa
XMeJ\bHH!JbKoro.
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139
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60 KOpOAb i iioro yp.RAH He MaAH npaea MirnaTHCR
ye eiAHOCHHH ceA.RH AO ceoro AiAWJa ii npHHMaTH
ix CKaprH. AAe ceMIHH B KopoAiBJ!!HH, KOAH ix '3a,;.
tienHB Toiime naHJ!!HBH.RHHH apogee, npo6yIOTb aHaii--
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Ha 3aBeAeHH.R J!!OAeHHOi IIaHJ!!HHH, TaK igo ceA.RHH:
,,He MaIOTb HiKO.l\H BiAOOlIHHKy" - gi CKaprH CTa--
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a notiaTKOM Apyroi qeepTH XVII e., BaTHXaIOTb, 60,
ce.l\.RHH BilOBHi nepeKOHaAHC.R npo 6e3nAiAHiCTt> !JHX:
CKapr i npo 6e3CHAbHiCTb npaBHTeAbCTBa. 3 1559 p.
140
I
MasMo noHOB.l\eHy cKapry ce.il.HH 3i ceJ1.a PoziB Ha
J!!OAeHHY ;i:a.il.bIIIe giKasy 36ipHy CKapry
3 15 Ci.I\ 3 nepeMHCbKOi Kopo.il.iBigHHH Ha He3aKOHHi
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c. Poris i csolMH Ha
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po6HTH 6e3 nepepBH.
OpaBHTe.il.bCTBo, cynpoTH naHigH3HHHHX Ha;i:ymHTb
B cepeAHHi XVI. p.. ye am as HopMoIO OAHH AeHb
naHigHHH Ha THLKAeHb, Bl.l(TaK ABO,ll;eHHY naHigHHY
THmHeBo. KopoJ1.iBChKi rpaMOTH pery.il.IOIOTb ce.il.HH
CbKi o6oB.H3KH, po6M1_q11 ycTyn1<11 Aepmae-
-J:!RM npOTH ;i:aBHlX 3BH1IalB, IllAHOCHTb naHigH3HHHY
HOpMy. IJ.!e 6iJ1.bIIIHH 3picT naHigHHH BHKJl.HKa.l\O ga-
6HpaHHH ce.il.HHCbKHX rpyttTiB ni;i: cpi.il.bBapKH, qH ga
npHBi.l\eHMH, cKynAeIO, tii:_t ii Aepmasgi
MCTHTbCH Ha ceJl.HHax ga IX CKaprH pt3HHMH KapaMH
li yTHCKaMH, TaK igo caMi 1<opo.11.i nopyqaIOTb ;i:epmae-
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.AerycT
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poCTBa He o6THLKaTH ce.il.HH ceJ1.a EocbKa i Bopo6J1.HKa
noHaA cTapHli 3BH1Iai1, 22 . .il.HilHH 1548 p. AKT 97;
;i:epmasgeBH Ce.ii.a Bpo1IaHKH tta1<aaye, a6H He o6TH-
.mysas ceMIH po60TaM11, 5. cepnm11548 p. AKT 99.
i AKT 112. - J!!06 ;i:empasegb ce.11.a Porie He o6T.R-
mysaB ce.l\HH, 5 . .il.IOTOro 1559 p.) - i He 6opOHHTH
iM y;i:asaTHCH 3j CBOiMH LKaMJMH AO KOpOMl - ,,60
.ge O,llHHOKa .l(Jl.H HHX o6opoHa". (Kop. feHpHX ycTa-
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.ix c1<apr Ha cTapocTy, 4. TpaBHH 1574 p. AKT 130,
1
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-}i eKOHoMiqHHX BiAHOcHH 3axiAHbOi' YKpai"HH, y .l\bsosi 1906. tKopoAiscbKi
. aKTH 11-132).
141
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ix CKapr Ha ceoro AepmaegH, 5. qepeHH 1574. AKT.
132, AepmaegeeH M. THpasH HaKaBye 3a.l\HIIIHTH
KpHBAH H YTHCKH, Ha HKi CKapiKHJ\HCH MiigaHH M.
THpaeH, 25 TpaBHH 1574 p.). BapTo ige 3raAaTH,..
JBO ll\m"MOHT A. no3BOJ\H6 IIIA. 0ApexiecbKHM oca-
.!JeMKUHi B zpanamnux topcemax: 1. '.feAewuHy11 .C11eua, 2. Aos111Hy11.
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AHTH HaA piqKoIO BHcAOKOl'.J ceAo IloJWBV lia BO.;
AOChKiM npaei, 20. 6epe3HH 1572 p. AKT 128. 3Hoey
MHKOJ\a !J;iKOBCbKHH, drnighKHH cTapocTa, noTeep-
Amye CBHJBeHHKa leatta Ha noniecTBi B ceAi Moll{GHU-
qi, (Tenep MoJBaHegb) Ba eiAcTynAeHHHM HOMY ghoro
eiA Micgeeor.o eiHTa i 3a peKoMeHAagiaio
(nopyqeHHHM) rpoMaAH, 18 eepecHH 1560 p.
J42
. . flaHigH3H.ffHi IlOBHHHOCTH CCJ\.ffH CKJ\aAaAHC.ff ro-
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.;tpyropHAHY poAIO. BoHH MaAH nosamHillle Micge
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BAacHi noTpe6H, a eicK npo4asas. OAHatJe HeririeHiqHe
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nicHa cTpaea - ge o6paa TOAilIIHoro ceAa.
ToMy ciAhCbKHH HapdA, npHKOBaHHH AO 3CMAi, HK
-po6yqHH iHBCHTap, 6ye. HenHCbMCHHHH; giAa iioro
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"TOAilIIHi ciAbCbKi IIIKiAKH, 60 TaKHX a6o B3araAi He
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') lsaH KpeseQbKHH, r a.1111quea B ApyriH DOAOBHHi xvm. CT. y A1>so-
'Bi 1909.
143
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aa6yKH Ta. TpOXH IlHCaTH Ta qffCJ\HTH, a
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He cTaAo sqHTeMl-AHKa, He cTaJ\o
npo Hei He 6y.l\o KOMY 6iAbllle A6aTH
ij!oHHO no nepexo;d f aJ\HqHHH i 3 HelO Baxi.l(HiX
KapnaTCbKHX aeMe.l\b niA; AscTpi10, 3 OKP.,,eMa i3 Ha-
cTynAeHHHM Ha MOHapIIIHH npecTOJ\ Hocmpa II.
B 1780 p. HaqHHa6TbCH B f a.l\HqHHi Ha IlOJ\i IIIKi.l\b-
') Isau Eu. AeBH!!bKHii, IlorAllA Ha poasiii HH3llloro i BHCIIIoro. I1IlliJ1b-
1HHgrsa B f&J\HqHHi B pp. 1772 - 1800. i poasiii pycbKOBapOAHbOrO IIIKiAb-
lHH!!TBa B pp. 1801-1820. y Abaosi, 1903.
144
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Mim. HaHlUHplUHMH KpyraMH HaCeAeHH.ff, J!!OO Hace-
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peN.iec1t.a ii piAbHHJ:!T8a. T11M cnoAi8a8cH 8iH ocHrHYTH
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J!!O AO HapoAHix mKiA - ge iioro, arA.ff.<\HO Ha48opHoi
HayKoeoi KoMicii - poanop.aAoK a 24 6epe3HH 1781 p .
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. . . . .
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ciAbCbKHX rpoMa,<\ax aa qaci8 80AOAiHll.ff l1ocHcpa IL
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,<\e.ffKl BHC.1\1,<\H, xoq TaKOiK. He TaKI, .ffK Toro 8CpX08Hl
BAaCTH 6am.a1t.H. Bm.e B 1786 p. HaXOAHTbC.ff oKpym.Hi
HiMCJ:!hKi lllKO.l\H 8 AYKAi, MymHHi Ta ApyrHx ra
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145
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npecToA iioro MOAOAIIIHH 6paT, AeonoAbA II., a 3 HHM
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HOMii IIIKOAH, 3 npH3HaHHHM ny6AH11HOrO BHXOBaHH.ff
i Bil.l\HBY Y11HTe.l\bCbKOro CTaHy Ha ny6AH11He BHXO-
BaHHH. KomHoMy y11HTeAesi siAhHO 6yAo BHCAOBHTH
. .
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npoeKTH yAmrneHb Ta 11epe3 ge ynpasa IIIKOAH MaAa
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6a84ymHiCTb THX, IJJO CTOH.l\H HaH6AHIJJe yKpaiHCbKOro
HaCe.l\eHHH 8 giAiH faAH11HHi Ta 3a,t\.l\H 6paKy si4no-
BiAHHX IIIKiAbHHX ni4pyqHHKiB, 18. i nopir 19. BiKy
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Henpocsi11eHHH, IlOTpHCeHHH cepe4 pi3HHX 3a6o6oHiB
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146
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igo noqaJ\O IlOBO.l\H npo6y4myaaTHCH 3 Ki.l\bKOBiKOBoro
rAH60Koro npOCOHHH. !J,e CTa.l\OCH OK0.1\0 1816 p.,
HK Ha CilHCbKOilCbKOMY npeCTO.l\i B OepeMHlll.l\i aaciB
o. AP MHxaiiAo AeBH!JbKHH Ta AO caimo aopraHiaoea-
uoi KaniTyAH noKAHKaHo Ha KaHOHHKa o. laaHa Mo-
rHAbHH!JbKoro. 06a BOHH Ha4a.l\H T04illlHiH Hapo4HiH
IIIKO.l\i HapOAHiH HanpHM, anpae4i 8 TOAilllHbOMY po-
BYMlHHIO, aa ocHosy Ha-
poAHho'i npocBIT!1; a.l\e see TaKH aase4eHa _ HHMH
llJKO.l\a CTa.l\a OrHC.l\H poaca4HHKOM Hap04HbOl npo-
ceiTH B KpaIO Ta 6yAa THM !!iHHHM i BHCOKHM KY.l\b-
TYPHHM Ao6yTKOM, igo no omHB.l\eHiii 6opoTb6i a pia-
HHMH npoTHBHOCTHMH, BHBe.l\a yKpaiHCbKHH HapiA
ua III.l\HX, igo iioro ei4TaK aacTa.l\H WesqeHKosi qacH.
lfyza11i a mopi<tKaJHu: 1 CTpe,1yKH, 2 KoMaRbqa,
(.ff. <!>a.11bKOBcKi - B. flawRH!!bKHH, Ha AeMKi BcbKo-6oiiKiBcbKOMY
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noqaBIIIH BiA Kopoctta Ha 3aXiA 3,ll;OB2K KapnaT am
AO lliAeCbKy, oco6.11.HBO B KOpo.11.iBCbKHX eKOHOMiHX
6y.11.o 6araTO COATHCiB, IJ!O MaAH no.tJ;i6Hi npaea
ii TaKy caMy cso6oAy, HK Ko3aKH Ha YKpaiHi.
CoATHCH MaJ\H o6oe'H30K B06HHoi cAym6H B KO
poAiBCbKHX Apar'ottax a6o nixoTHix noAKax, a aep-
HYBIIIH 3 806HHHX IlOXOAiB, BOHH CTaBaJ\H BH6paHHMH
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HanaAaJ\a Ha ABOpH 6araTHX naHiB i Kyngie, a BiA
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i KOp11MH, Ta xgo6 no6iAbIIIHTH CBOi AOXOAH, aa6o-
pOH.ff.l\a CO.l\THCaM i ynpHBi.l\eHOBaHHM ce.l\aM, xgo M3.l\H
npasa YAeptKyBaTH ropaAbHi Ta KOp11MH, BHIIa.l\J083TH
ropiBKY. 3 Tiei npHtIHHH BHTBOpHAaC.ff Ta Ka aTMOC<J>epa,
xgo K02KHHH III.l\.ffXTHq i KopoAiBCbKHH yp.RAHHK Mycis
Ap02K3TH aa C806 2KHTT.ff.
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HapiA Ha AeMKiBigHHi cMiAiIIIe niAH.RB roAosy, 60
BiCTH npo no6iAH K03aKiB Ha.it III.l\.ffXTOJO a6y A2KYBa.l\H
npHCIIaHi HaAii aa cao6oAy, a THMCaMHM naHigH3H.ff-
HHH rHeT 6ya AA.ff HHX xge 6iAbIIIe He AO 3HeCeHHH.
Poa6iHHH11i aaTarH poc.l\H y Be.l\HKi APY2KHHH, a ix
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149
noAbCbKi nHCbMeHHHKH KamyTb, IMO Ha MaAeHbKiM
niAKapnaTCbKiM niAripIO 6yAo 6iAbllle po36iHHHKiB
i po36ois - t:IHM Ha eciH TepHTopii DoAbIMi.
Oco6AHBO BC./\aBHAaCH csoiMH HanaAaMH APYLKHHa
repnITa ba10ca. BoHa apo6HAa HanaA Ha 51HyIIIKO-
sHqi, y6HAa naHiB Tpm1HOBCbKHx, bo6osHH!JbKoro,
EHAHHY 3 AiIMHH, HanaAa Ha 0AbIIIescbKoro B Wa-
. pax i AoMapaA3Koro s Poni. ApymHHa CasKH i 4epga,
CHHa A3BOHapH 3 f pH6osa BAapHAa Ha BeAHKAeHb
1646 p. Ha 51MrpyAh, yKpinAeHHH ABip MeHgiHCbKoro,
aa6paAa B 3HH,1lpaHOBi CTaAO 3 77 KOHeH, a B TpaBHIO
.gboro caMoro po Ky HanaAa Ha ABip Ae./\bHaca B r ./\HH-
HHKy, Ha !J,HKOBCbKoro B lK.erAb!Jax, Ko3J\OBCbKOro
B Poni, Ha ceAo PorH KO./\O lsoHit:Ia i Opixsy HaA
BHCJ\OKOM. !J,e see AiHAOCH Ha npocTopi KiAbKa-
HaA!JHTb MH./\b.
Opo CHAY THX poa6iHHHt:fHX saTar MOLKHa BHpo-
6HTH co6i noHHTTH i3 !JbOro cpaKTy, IMO ABa t:IAeHH
OAHOI TaKoi BaTarH, IMO ix nocTaBH./\H nepeA cyA
B bit:Ii, BHAaJ\H noiMeHHO 78 TOBapHIIIiB 3 30 ciA.
KoAH6 neperAHHY cTapi aKTa siiiTiBChKHx cyAiB
bit:Ia, Hosoro CaHt:Ia, MylIIHHH, Hosoro Topry, 6ap-
. . .
Al6Ba Ta CTap1 3anHCKH no gepKBax, HK TaKOLK 31-
6paTH ge, IMO aaxoeaAOCH Aoci B ycTHiM nepeAaHHIO,
TO MOLKHa6 HanHCaTH rpy6i TOMH npo ttiHAbHiCTb
THX poa6iHHHt:fHX APYLKHH.
0AHaqe niMCTa 3 HeHaBHCTH AO IIIJ\HXTH rpo3H./\a
IIIMIXTi TiAbKH, IMO, niAqac noecTaHHH b o r A ~ H a XMeAb-
HH!JbKoro. KoAH B 1651 p. ecH IIIJ\HXTa BHPYIIIHJ\a
npoTH XMeJ\bHH!JbKoro niA bepecTet:IKO, a B 40Ma
J\HIIIH./\HCH TiAbKH caMi miHKH ii 4iTn, TO Ha eciM
npocTopi KapnaT AeMKiecbKe HaceAeHHH m4HH./\O
6yHT. Bor AaH XMeAbHH!JbKHH po3icAaB no 3axiAHix
eoseiAcTeax 6araTo ar'eHTis, IMO iM nopyt:IHB niA6y-
p10eaTH apOCTHH HapiA npOTH Ill./\HXTH. Oo CeJ\aX
150
i MicTaX 3aXiAHbOi noAbJMi, OC06.l\HBO Ha niAKap-
naTTi, IlO.ffBHJ\OC.ff 6araTO 80.1\0KHT, J\lOAeH 3AOpOBHX
i He3BH11aiiHo cMiAHX. KyAH BOHH TiAbKH rrepeHUJAH,
TaM MHOiKH.l\HCb IlOMim J\lOAbMH npepimHi TpiBOiKHi
BiCTH. f OBOpHAH MiiK C060l0 J\lOAH, JMO llJ.l\.ffXTa 36H
paTbC.ff B IlOXlA npOTH KOpOA.ff, iyo yrropa.BIIIHCI>
3 KOpoAeM, III.l\.ffXTa 3aAyMye BHpl3aTH X.l\OIIIB, iyo
Eor AaH XMe.l\bHH!JbKHH HAe Ha n0Mi11 KopoAesi i T. n.
Orpax ynaB Ha BCIO IIIAHxTy. Y III.l\.RXO!JbKix AOMax
nepeAaBa.l\H co6i 3 ycT AO ycT piaHi TpiBOiKHi BiCTH:
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Oo yKpaiHCbKHX CeJ\aX HapiA pa,ll,O CTpi11aB ar'eH
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!Ji APYiKHHH 6yAH s nopoayMiHHIO a po3pyxaMH eep-
151
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a orricAH iKHB AOBro 3a rpaHHge10. Mom.AHBO, J!!O
eiH 6ye y K03aKie, a HaeiTh 6aqHBCH 3 XMeAbHH!Jb-
KHM i PaKogiM. B 1651 p. aiH Hecrro4ieaHo 3
1
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qH HaBiTb CTapOCTH. fliA i1oro rrpoBOAOM B 1628 p.
. .
BCI AOOKO.l\HqH1 CO.i\THCH rrporo.l\OCH.l\H 3ara.l\bHY XJ\OII-
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,,B iMH HaHHCHirnoro KOpO.l\H, rrpOTH KOTporo lll.l\HXTa
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152
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i npHKaaysas BCiM, i:go X011YTb npHAY11HTHCH AO no-
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HapoAH6 siHchKO, 6a11HJ\O csoix H: He rpa6HAO ix.
I TOH nocAiAHHH npHKaa BHKOHysaAH HaH:6iAhIIIe.
Y ce H a ~ e A e H H . R a6HpaAOCH Ha si11a H: BCIOAH a nocni-
xoM MaIJ\H xaTH 3eJ\eHHMH raAyBKaMH.
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HanepcbKHH piIIIHBCH AaTH aHaK AO garaAbHoro
IlOBCTaHHH npoTH IIIJ\.ffXTH I Baff.RB HecnoAiBaHHH
'lop!UTHH
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poHi AyHaiigH npocT.RraAac.R yropcbKa rpaHH!,!;H i
. poaTHraAHCH poaAori nociAoCTH PaKogi-oro, i:go a6H-
pasc.R pisHom y AapHTH Ha OoAbJ!!Y.
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AO AeHTOBChKoro i npocHB H:oro, i:go6H 11HM cKopIIIe
30 CBOiM IlOJ\KOM i 3 HK HaH:6iAbIIIHM 11HCJ\OM. HapOAa
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153
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ge, J!!,O B gaMKY HeMa maAHOi aMyHigii.
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aAe J!!C iioro rrory'6HAa.
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JIK TaKom pogicAaB Ha eci CTOpOHH IIHCbMa g IIpOCb-
154
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(CRiT.ll.ll B J. 5JpeMKO) . .
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155
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TOAillIHHX BiAHOCHH.
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slu!eciu, 1!!0 BHHllIOBllIH s KpaKosa sa cxiA, MOJKHa oo ABOX roAHSax
nosiAbSoro opoxoAy AiHTH AO oepilloro J1eMKiBCbKoro ceAa.
3raAY6 TaKOlll, !!JO B xv. CT. iceysa.l\H B TaKHX MicgeBOCTJIX yepKBH:
BocbKo (1430), BiAbxisyi (1440), 4o6pa (1433), KocTapisyi (1440), Hoso-
ciAh!!i (1441), 0Apexosa (1450), ne.1\.1\11 (1449), Ilo!IOBBa (1488), C11siK
(1429), C11Hi110K (1467), THp11sa BOJI OCbKa (1471), THp11sa ciAhHa (1439),
llepTelll (1448). 3sosy B THX MicyeBOCTllX, llKi Tenep HaAelllaTb AO 6epe-
siscbKOro nosiTy, 6yAH 'IOTHPH yep!<BH: B YAro11i, BoAOllii (BoAoAJK), 3M.iH-
BHyi Ta AHAHi. HaiicTapilly siCTKY HaXOAHMO npo yepKBY B Y AIO'li, AO
B 1443 p. 6yAH cBlll!JeSSHKaMH .RyKo Ta Isae, AaAi opo yepxsy B BoAollii,
Ae B 1444 p. 6ys CBRl!JeBHHKOM KysbMa. 8 yepKsi y 3MiHauyi, Ae Tenep
seMa ai cAiAy s yKpai"Hyis, 6ys napoxoM y 1467 p. XseAop, y ..il;Haosi 6ys
oapox B 1491 poyi.
158
AHTb AoM6KOBCbKHH - 6yAo rpeKOKaTOJ\HQ;bKHX
pOAHH B 6apwii, 6apTKisgi, BeceAiH, AHAHi, CiAh
HHgi, TeMernosi, - . cboroAHi AeABH qH HaXOAHTbCH
scero 50 yKpaiHgis.
Opo HaHcTaprny gepKsy, HKa 3a4epmaAacH IJ!e
:H. .ii;o HaIIIHX qacis, o. HiKoposHq 3ra.ii;ye B rneMa
TH3Mi nepeMHCbKoi enapxii Ba piK 1879 (cT. 125) ge
nosacHAiHHCbKa gepKBa B Y.,uoqi; 36y.ii;oeaHa B 1510
pogi. 0Tme 6yAa 6H ge HattcTaprna gepKsa Ha Ha-
'tawi: AepesJ111Ha (q, 126) - 8eJ1 HKonoJ1e, CKJIHHa (Ko6aJ1 bT) -
PycbKa PonHgll.
(<lloT. J.I. CllaJ\bKOBCKi) .
IIIHX 3axi,ii;Hix oKpaiHax, HKa .ii;oci B Hae 3a.ii;epmaAacH.
BaraTo giHHHX .ii;oKyMeHTiB npo gIO gepKey
3axoBaHHX y nepeMHCbKOMY enHCKODCbKOMY apxlBI.
TaM TaKoLK TPH 6orocAyme6Hi KHHLKKH
...3 xv. CTOJ\iTTH, .HKi HaXOAHJ\HCH B YAlOl.J:CbKiH gepKBi.
no.ii;i6Ho, HK TaK i B y J\IOqi 36epi-
raIOTbC.H si,ii;nHCH npHBiAeis noAbCbKHx KopoAiB Co
6icbKoro 3 1682 p. Ta AerycTa II. 3 1703 p., si.ii;
HOCHO npae Ta 0600' H3KiB Ce.l\HH y J\JOqa AO .ii;epLKaB-
_gie i J,!!OAO caMoi gepKBH. 3 !JHX np1rniAeie BHAHO,
J!!O BLKe TOAi gepKBa Ta MaHaCTHp icHyBaJ\H B y J\IOqi,
159
60 B HHX Ha,ita6TbC.H icHy10110My BLKe MaHaCTHpesi
:aeMJ\IO Ha Te, Ig06H MemKaHgi y J\I011a, B pa:ai 80-
po.moro. Harra,ity, MOr.l\H xopoHHTHC.H B !JbOMY Ma-
HaCTHpl.
npo ,itpyry, 3 HaHCTapllIHX gepKOB i HaH,itaBHime
.l\eMKiBCbKe 6yttiBHA!JTBO, rrpo gepKBY B fatte6Kax,
<>. HiKopoBH11 rosopHTb, Igo gH gepKBa 36y,itoBaHa
igoH:Ho B 1670 p. (CT. 124.) T OAimm1 AiAH11Ka, KaTepHHa
Cmapwmuil aasiu B qevKsi - s AuapiiiJqi, a 1484 p .
nepeKa3 Kame, iyo yeli A3BiH .llHWH.llH B AHApilsyi TaTapH, iyo BTiKa.llH
TJAH 3 yropcbKO.i CTOpoHH.
1
Ha ABBoni naKOAHTbCH nanHc: Finum est hoc opus in honore
Dei I88R (1484).
BarroscbKa, rroAiAbCbKa KamTe.l\HHKa, rrociAaI011H giAHH
KJ\l011 AOOKOJ\H11Hix Ci.I\ Ta MiCT, nepeMiHHJ\a yKpa-
iHCbKi (rpeKO- KaTOJ\H!JbKi) 'gepKBH Ha pHMO- KaTo-
AH!JbKi KOCTeAH, a TO B ceAax Baxip, 13Ae6KH, .J\.y6Ha,
f AyttHe, Bapa Ta Ha 411HiBCbKOMY rrepeAMicTi ii rre-
- -
pe,1ta.l\a IX 63YITaM.
B apxisi pHMO-KaTOJ\H!JbKOi errapxii B nepeMHllIAi
rrepexosysTbC.H rpaMoTa KaTepHHH BanoBCbKoi 3 23.
ci11HH 1593 p., Igo ge B giAOCTH rroTsepA.mys.
0,11;Ho11aCHO HaXOAHMO npo Te, T011Hi 3aIIHCKH B fa
. .
160
paceswia: ,,Annales Ecclessiae Ruthenae" (PitIHHKH
YKpaiHCbKoi-PycbKoi !J,epKBH), Ae ai6paHi AHCTH
no.AbCbKOro KopoMI iKHrMOHTa III., nHcaHi AO rpeKo-
KaT. 6nHCKOiliB.
HK CKaaaHo, sci araAaHi ce.J\a aicTa.AHCH 6ea gep-
KOB, a B laAe6Kax, If!OHHO B 1670 pogi CBHif!eHHK,
lsaH 3H6apoBHll, KynHB BiA AiAHtiis aa 400
IlOAbCbKHX 3.AOTHX, no.Ae Ta OAepmas A03BiA Ha 6y-
gepKBH i AeHKi niAbrH AAH Hei, 3a If!O Mycis.
If!OpltIHO IlAaTHTH AaHHHy.
Y Ay6HiH, gepKsa icHysaAa sme s 1593 p. Ta
CTOH.Aa Ha TOMY Micgi, Ae Tenep ./\aTHHCbKHH KOCTe.A.
CToTiM, HK BanoBCbKa aa6pa.Aa TY gepKsy, napoxiHHH
aicTa./\HCH 6ea gepKBH, Ta am s noAOBHHi XVII. siKy
no6yAyBa.AH gepKBY B TOMY Micgi, Ae BOHa CTOiTb
Tenep. IsaH 6ypAaI1IeBCbKHH, KYilHB MH
Toi . gepKBH B 1702 p. TpOXH no.AH, OAHatie B2Ke
B 1703 p. IIIBCAChKi
1
) siiicbKa cnaAHAH gepKBY ii 96
xaT, pa30M 3 rocnoAapCbKHMH aa6yAyBaHHHMH.
MocKOBCbKi 3a3ixaHHR iJo yKpaillcbKUX seMellb.
MocKOBif!HHa aacnoKOIBIIIH csoi aneTHTH Ha nis-
AHi, AOCTynoM AO 4opHoro ii OaiscbKoro MOpH, KH-
ttyAacH Ha nisHi11, If!06 y 6opoTb6i ai lllsegie10 A0-
6yTH "BiKHO B Espony" qepe3 siAhHHH AOCTyn AO
BaATiHCbKoro Mopa. !J,eii MOCKOBCbKHH BHCTyn niA-
CHTHB BCAHKY "niBHitIHY siiiHy"' If!O noqa.J\aCH HanpH-
KiHgi 1700 p. MocKsa, noMHpHBIIIHCH 3 TypetitIHHOIO,
pillIH.Aa pa3oM a AaHie10 i CaKcoHie10 aaso10saTH
co6i . no6epimmH BaATiHcbKoro Mop, paxy10tIH Ha
MOAOAiCTb IIIBCACbKoro KopoAH! KapAa XII. ii He-
') Ilpo qacu, waeAChKHx aoee, AoeiAyeMoc11 a Hapucy /cmopf(
YKpai'nu, npocp. ;J;. /topoweeKa,
161
rriAroToBaHiCTb illsegii AO BiHHH. AAe sme rrepu11
HCBAaqi rrepeKOHaJ\H ix, 1!!0 BOHM rrepeqHCJ\HJ\HCj{.
CTpHMYCHBIIIH -AaHcbi<oro i < o p o A ~ AO MHpa ii poB-
rpoMHBIIIH MOCKOBCbKY apMiIO rriA Hapso10 - Ha
nisAeHHbOMY 6epeBi <tJiHCbKoi BaTOKH, KapAo XII.
3BepHyB yci ceoi CHJ\H rrpOTH IIOJ\bCbKOrO KOPOJ\j{
AsrycTa. B 1702 p. KapAo poBTOpOJMHB Aa"rycTa
ii BaxorrHB BapIIIaey i Kpai<iB. illse,ll;ChKi siiicbKa
rrocyeaJ\HCj{ y rro6iAHOMY rroxoAi Ha cxiA eiA KpaKoBa
Ta gaxOIIHJ\H TOAi 6araTO OKpaiHHHX yKpaiHCbKHX
OCCJ\b. (IJJe CbOrO.ll;Hi onoei.ll;aIOTb, JMO B MHMiHCbKHX
llicax Ha rriBACHb eiA ceAa BochKO -- B C.RHillqHHi,
. .
HaxoAHTbCj{ MoxoM BKpHTI MYPH 1 BBaAHJMa IIIBeA-
CbKHX yi<pirrAeHb. - Ha maAb, HeMas Hayi<oeoi
poBBiAKH npo gi ,ll;aBHi rraM' j{TKH).
THMqacoM gap OeTpo BHMaraB JMOpaB HOBHX
mepTB 3 6oKy YKpaiHH. no po36HTTIO KapAOM As-
rycTa, BHraH.R6 iioro B OoAbJMi; illeeAH BaHHM3IOTb
Aheie i B 1706 p. rro1<op10s CaKcoHiIO. 3aTpHeo-
meHHH MOCKOBCbKHH gap, OeTpo CTj{ra6 yKpaiHCbKi
CHJ\H 3 f aJ\HllHHH Ta HaKaBy6 cpopTH<f>iKagiIO AiHii
,4Hirrpa. BnaAa TpHeora Ha MocKOBJMHHy, rAyxHH
IIIYM HeBAOBOJ\eHHj{ rroKOTHB no giAiH Y KpaiHi. CTiAb-
KH AiT 6opOTb6H Bi illeeAaMH, ga MOCKOBCbKe "BiKHO
B Esporry", cTiAbKH BTpaT y J\IO,ll;j{X i MaHHi ,ll;J\j{
qym01 cnpaBH, npHMYCHJ\O 3,ll;OpOBO ,ziyMaIOqHx, yKpa-
. iHCbKHX naTpioTiB 3acTaHOBHTHCj{ HaA THM, qH ii AaAi
iM no AOp03i 3 MOCKaJ\.RMH. 0pH3a,ll;yMaBCj{ Ha,ll; THM
rrHTaHHj{M i caM Magerra, yKpaiHCbKHH feTbMaH (1687-
-1709). BiALKHAa B ceimo10 CHJ\OIO iAej{ yKpaiHCbKO-
IllBeAchKOro co103y
1
peaAiBoeaHa eme eeJ\HKHM Bor-
AaHOM XMeJ\bHHgbKHM.
Ha KopoTKO BAepLKHMOCH eiA AaJ\hIIIHX rrOAIH Ta
HaeeAeMo KopoTKO npo reTbMaHa XMeJ\bHH!JhKoro.
noJ\bCbKHH icTOpHK AIOABHK Ky6aJ\H IIHille TaK:
h10c1poaaea lc1oph1 .l\eMKie111eeH 11
162
,,EyAa TO J\10,1urna (EorAaH XMeAbHH!JbKHH 1648-
-1657) 3 KOiKHOro norJ\HAY He3BHqaHHHX p o ~ M l p l B ,
HacTiJ\bKH nepepocTaJ\a AIOAeH HaBiTb BHCOKO 3Ai6-
HHX, igo nepexoAHAa Memi 3po3yMiAoro. MomHa npo
HbOrO CKa3aTH, igo BpOAHBCH Ha BOAOAapn: YMIB
YKPH!H csoi aaMipH, B KpHTHqHHX MOMeHTax He sa-
rascH - CKpi3b CHAbHa BOAR i 3aAi3Ha pyKa" ...
,, TepHTopifl iioro BAaAH MaH:me aeiAyciAb MaAa
eiAKpHTi rpaHHgi - He poanopflAmas siH, flK KpoM-
eeAb, (aHr. MYiK CTaHy 1712) BHIIIKO.l\eHOIO iHTeAi-
:r'eHgieio i 3aco6aMH CTapoi i CHJ\bHOi AepmaeH; BiHHa,
q>iHaHCH, AepmaeHe rocnoAapcTeo, aAMiHicTpagifl,
3HOCHHH 3 cyciAHHMH AepmaeaMH - ece Tpe6a 6yAo
CTBOpHTH i ece AemaJ\o Ha H:oro roJ\oei. Mycie A0-
611paTH i eqHTH J\IOAeH, BrJ\HAaTH y HaHApi6HiIIIi
n0Apo611gi . . Ta KOAH H:oro eiH:cbKO He BMHpaAo 3 ro-
AOAy,, KOAH Mae a6po10, rapMaTH, aMyHigiio, A06pHX
3BiAtrnKiB i apyqHHX areHTiB, KOJ\H He 6paKysaJ\O
H:oMy HiKOJ\H rpoIIIeH - TO ge 6yAa H:oro oco6HcTa
aacAyra" ...
AA Y KpaiHH reTbMalicTso XMeAbHH!JbKoro eiA-
KpHAO i CTBOpHAO Hoey Ao6y icTopii. BiH CTsopHB
Hoey YKpaiHCbKY Aepmaay. BiH 3YMis 3'ymHTH AAH
6yAOBH AepmaBH OCTaHKH yKpaiHCbKOi lll.l\HXTH, niA-
. .
mIB 3 3aHenaAy MIIgaHCTBO, nepeA Ce.l\flHCTBOM BIA-
KpHB HaAii HOBoro mHTTH
1
). - Y aciH YI(paiHi, am
no KapriaTH, cnaAaXHYAO IlOBCTaHHH npOTH no.l\HKiB
.HK IlOBCTaHHH ynaJ\O Ta yKpaiHCbKi K03aKH 3aJ\H-
llIHJ\H faJ\HqHHy, 6araTO yqacHHKiB IlOBCTaHHH ycTy-
IlH.1\0 pa30M 3 K03a!JbKHM BiHCbKOM i Aa.l\bllle CJ\y-
LKHJ\O niA yKpaiHCbKHMH npanopaMH. OcTaJ\HM, 3a
yqacTb y noscTaHHJO, IlOJ\bCbKHH KopoAb leaH Ka-
1
) 4p. laaH Kp1mHKeaHq y aayKoaiii poirniAyi o . a. "3 icTOpii" fyyyAb-
I!!HHH" rrnwe, ~ o s 1648 p. rriA Kieeyb AiTa AO faAHqHftH siiiWAH K03B!,!bKi
aiiicbKa niA npoaoAOM BorAaHa XMeAbHH!,!bKOro.
163
.3HMHp CKOHq>icKyBaB ix 3eMAi Ta nepeAaB Ha BJ\ac-
HiCTb CToMIKaM. I TaK nepexoAPAH HaHKpargi yKpaiH
.ChKi BeMAi yKpaiHCbKHX 60.Hp i ceASJH e ttymi PYKH CaH-
rynIKie, noTO!!bKHX, lJapTopHHCbKH'x,
:EiAHHCbi<Hx, PocogbKHx, OcTpoecbKHX, BiKTopie ...
1
)
EorAaH XMeAhHHJ!bKHH BKa3aB HeBHpo6AeHHM AO
'Tenep MacaM iiJeall BllOCHOi' . iJepJH;OBU. Oo AOBrltX
.CTOAiTT.ffX 3a6yTT.ff, BiH, 3HOBY 3po6HB ro-
CmapUHHilJ. aa.MoK y CxHou,i HM C11HoM. "
J\OCHOIO CJ\aBHOIO, - yeie ,ii Ha nrnpo1<i XBHJ\i Mi2K-
. . . .
HapOAHbOI IIOJ\ITHKH, 3pyttHO 3MaraBC.ff 3 MoryTHIMH
u u r
.. :CJCIAaMH, Ta JBIHIIIOB y 3HOCHHH MamKe 3 JCIMH
.AepmaeaMH Eapo1111. B iioro ttac11, yKpaiHchKHH Ha-
. .. . .
p1A 3Hoay 3a2KHB IIOBHHM Hag10HaJ\bHHM 2KHTTHM,
OCBiAOMHB co6i caoi - BeJ\HKOi earn . 3ae,t\aHH.ff,
. ,. nottye. ce6e HagieIO. r?MY XMe.l\bHHtI'IHHY yeamaeMO
(' .
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1
Najdawniejsze akta SqdlI grock1ego w San'oku
To1tt XI. ,
11*
164
OAHOIO 3 HaiisaarniIIIH}{ enQX HaIIIOl yKpaiHCbKOi
1cTopu. ,
ApyrHM, He . MeHIIIe : yKpaiHCbKHM reTh-
MaHoM - J!!,O iioro ara4yeMo ---:- . cTaB reTbMaH IsaK
,MaBena. .
YKpa"iHa, i a HeIO sci yKpaiHCbKi aeMAi, HHJ!!,eHa
H BHCHaLKyBaHa J:!apeM neTpOM, npopy6yJOqJ1 MOCKa-
MIM ,,BiKHO B Espony", cKoqysaAacH B nponacT1>
no./\iTHqHoi HeBoAi ii eKOHOMiqHoi pyiHH. ToAi, csi-
AOMa aarpo3H yKpaiHCbKa CTapIIIHHa B 1706 p. KJ\H-
' qe AO MaaenH, ycTaMH yKpaiHCbKHx noAKOBHHKis.
AnocToJ\a ii f opAeHKa: ,,Bci MH, 3a AYIIIY XMeJ\h-
HHJ:!bKoro; Sora MOJ\HMO aa Te, J!!,O siH BH3BOJ\HS.
: ni4 qymoro HpMa, a TBOIO AYIIIY ii
AITH Hallll KMICTHMYTb, KOJ\H TH 3aJ\HIIIHIII K03aKIB.
y TBKiH HeBOJ\i".
1
)
Ma3ena nipsas ae'H3KH 3 MocKoeignH010 Ta iior<>
,AepLKaBHHJ:!bKi 3aMipH o6HHJ\H iAeaJ\H BH3BOJ\bHHX
aMaraHb YKpaiHH, cHrJ\H HCHHM npoMiHHHM y ,, HaH-
4aJ\bIIIe Mai16yTH6. 3aJ\HIIIHJ\HCH no HaIIIi qaCH npa-
nopoM i nporpaMOIO yKpaiHCbKoi AepmasHOCTH. ' IM'x
lV1.a3enn CTaJ\O CHMBOJ\OM He3aJ\e2KHOCTH i CB060.4H.
CyMHa ;toAH cTpiff'yAa faAnqHHY 3 ii oKpaiHHHMK
aeMJ\HMH - a AeMKiBJ!!,HHOIO B XVII.-XVIII. CT.
YMOBHHH noAiTHqHoro LKHTTH ocAa6HJ\H J:!iAKOM Mi-
q!,aHcTso, AyxoseHcTeo Ta HeHOCHJ\bHHM HpM0.1'4 J\HrJ\H
Ha IIIHi ceJ\HHCTBa. B KiHJ:!i 1773 poKy faM1qHHa
nepeHIIIJ\a niA BJ\aAy AscTpii.
2
) BH!!!,i sepcTBH yKpa-
iHCbKoro . HapoAy B faJ\HqHHi 6yAH cnOJ\bq!,CHi Ta
xoq AYXOBCHCTBO i HapOAHi MaCH, MiJ:!HO AeptKaJ\HCH
csoro cxi.IJ;HbOro rpeKOKaTOJ\HJ;!bKOrO o6pHAY' HK O.IJ;H-
. \
1
) MHKOAa foAy6eyh, BCAHKa lcTopi11 YKpai'HH, Absis 1935 p. CT. 523.
") Kc. I. CHraHchKi Historja Nowego Sqcza T. I. Absis 1901.
cT. 104 nHwe, iyo s 1771 p. siAi6paHo si4 IloAbiyi 275 ciA i 7 MicT H.
Caaq, H. Topi', KopocTeHKo, MywHey, THAHq, OisHiqey i CT. Caeq Ta
npH.11yqeHO AO AscTpii'.
165
HOKoro . 3a6opoAa_ nepeA 3arAaA,010, a.l\e. noMiTHHH
6ys 3ara.l\bHHH' ynaA,OK Ayxa , Ii 3Hesipa.
TaKHH cTaH Tpasas am AO 1848 p. B f'aAHlIHHi
OLKHBHAaCH AiH.l\bHiCTb ' IlO.l\bCbKHX peBO.l\IOgioHepis,
IJ!O noliaJ\H .nittrOTOBMITH 36poi1He IlOBCTaHHH AMI
si;i6yAosH no.l\bCbKoi A.epmasH. AscTpiiicbKHH yp.RA,
IJ!06 napaAi3yBaTH AiH.l\bHiCTb CTaB
.
Ctpe{}u11a qepKsu; IJ.apcbKi sopoma. KoMaHb'la, noa. CeaiK.
( <PoT . .H. <PaAbKOBCKi).
qepe3 csoix ar'eHTiB Ha!JbI<OBysaTH ce.l\HH Ha AiAHt.JiB,
i a 1846 pogi a 3axi,ziHiH fa.l\Ht.JHHi, I<O.l\O TapHoBa,
IlO.l\bCbKi Ce.l\HHH I<HHY.l\HCH 6HTH i pi3aTH csoix na-
His, IJ!O Hi6HTO HIII.l\H npoTH gicapH, igo CTOHB 3a
ce.l\HH. AscTpiiichKa a,ziMiuicTpagiH ogiHH.l\a gi Ha- ,
cTpoi Hapo;iy Ii cnoHyKa.l\a nepesecTH ocTaTOt.JHe
<:KacysaHHH naHigHHH, igo i 6yAo nporo.l\01IIeHo na-
1'66 I '
TeHTOM 1.6. KBiTHH 1848 poKy. OcHOBOIO pecpopMm
6ys BHKYII ceMIHCbKHX r'pyHTiB ,4epmaso10, HKiH ce
J\.ffHH MaJ\H CIIJ\a11yaaTH. npo,40B2K 40 AiT, II011HHBI011H
3 1858 poKy, 3a Te i Ai.4H11i 3BiJ\bH.ffJ\H'C.ff Bi.4 YCHKHX:
o6os' .ff3KiB IMO AO csoix KOJ\HIIIHix niMaHHX (Kpi-
naKis) - 3acTynaTH ix y cyAi, ,40IIOMaraTH B T.ff2KKHJC:
BHIIa!\Kax i T. n. BliKYIIJ\eHy 3eM.l\IO IIOAIJ\eHo Ha
piAJ\i - 36-42 MOpr'H IIOJ\.ff, B 0,4Hii:i IlO.l\OCi, Bi.ll
Bellu'l.asuli sitJnycm B ce11i KallbllUU,Jl , Ko>.o 6a.rnropoAa,
yp11AiKeH11ii Bop. o. T. XoMKOJO Micyes11M napoxoM a ] 935 p.
xaTH 40 Memi APYAOro ce.l\a; niepiAhOK, TpeTHHa,
11eTsepTHHa, CTa.ffHHH ,- sepTaHHH; IMO 3a,4epmaJ\OCH
,4oci B 6iAblllOCTH cy11acHHx AeMKiBCbKHX ceAax. Ta
npH He 6yAo BIIOpH,4KOBaHe .
npaBo BOJ\0,41HHH Ha J\ICH I BHnacH, Ta ge BHKJ\H-
KaJ\o Hec1dtt11eHi .IMe i Aoci npogecH i pyiiHysaAo-
ceAHH. 3a AiAHtiaMH (i TOAi He 6yAo KOMY o6cTo-
.ffTH 3a ceJ\HH !) aaJ\HllleHi npHBiAe'i - npaso npo-
niHagii, MOHOIIOJ\b Ha I npo-
167
Aamy ropiAKH Ta 6araTo . HHIIIHX, igo Ha qacH
38.1\HIIIHJ\OCH AiKepeAOM pliKHHX Henop03YM1Hb I cnpa-
BeAJ\HBOro He3aAOBOJ\eHHH Ce.l\HHCbKHX Mac.
Ilpo 3HeceHHH naHigHQH ige Aoci ceiA'IaTh ,,xpecTH
ceo604H"' igo BHpOCJ\H TOAi Ha ecix ra.l\HQ,bKHX AO-
porax i po34opimmsix. (3HaHi no4ii B AichKOMY no-
eiTi 3 1932 p. - HK yeo4meHO T. 3B. ,,CBHTO
- BKa3ye, igo HaceAeHHH He3BH11aHHO 6araTO BH-
Tepni.l\o B naHigH3HHHHX 11acax).
Xama (xm11a) 3 ni,1tM:ypieKOJO eiA nepe,1ty Ta s e11cyneRHM 6oi'f!!eM,
mepHH!!ll BuJKHIJ.
(.R. Cl>a.11bKOBCKi - B. nawHH!!bKHH, Ha .11eMKiBcbK060HKiBCbKOMY
npoMelllmi .J\beie 1935).
nEPEXIA fAAH4HHH PA30M
3 AEMKIBI!!HHOIO n14 ABCTPIIO.
ra .. l\HqHHa, pa30M 3 AeMKiBIMHHOIO, nepeihn.l\a
HK sme 3ra,<'taHo -- 1772 pogi niA BJ\aAy AscTpii.
BoHa Haxo,<'tHJ\aCH B Ayme 3aHeA6aHoMy cTaHi, HK
eKOHOMiqHoMy, TaK i KYJ\bTypHoMy. BHIMi sepcTBH
HapOAY B 6y.l\H CilOJ\bl!!eHi,
Ha IlOJ\l HapOAHboro lllKIJ\bHH!JTBa naHyBaJ\a IlOBHa
TeMpHBa. y 6e3BHXiAHOMY IlOJ\OtKeHHlO HaXO,<'tHJ\OCH
ciJ\hCbKe HaCeJ\eHHH. l!!oHHO cepe,<'t yKpaiHCbKOro
AyxoaeHCTBa noqHHal:6Tb 3 'HB.l\HTHCH J\IOAH, IMO csi-
A.OMO BHCTynaIOTb B o6opoHi npaa yKpaiHCbKOi Ha-
POAHOCTH, AOMaraIOTbCH IlOlllaHyBaHHH yKpaiHCbKOi
MOBH a nHCbMeHcTai i iKHTTi. CepeA HHX BH3Haqa-
6ThCH laaH MorHJ\bHH!JbKHH, nepeMHChKHH CBHIMeHHK,
JMO o6opOHH6 npasa yKpaiHCbKOi MOBH B lllKOJ\i.
Ko.l\O enHCKona IsaHa CHirypcbKOro B nepeMHlllJ\i
rypTyIOTbCH B 20-30-x poKax gi.l\HH ryP.T yqeHHX
i naTpioTHqHo HacTp_oeHHx CBHI!!eHHKia: Hocmp Ae-
aaTop rpaMaTHKH y1<paiHCbKO"i MOBH (1834),
Ylocmp Ao3HHChKHH -- eTHorpacp, AHTiH Ao6pHH-
ChKHH - icTopHK, IBaH AaspiacbKHH, (i1oro CBOHKH
AOBri J\iTa 6y.l\H rrapoxaMH :B 0Apexoaii1 Ta B Tap-
Haegi - CHHiqqHHa). 0AHaqe, Hai16iJ\blllHH Bn.l\HB
Ha noqaToK HagioHaJ\hHoro BiApOAtKeHHH YKpaiHgis
niA AacTpie10, cnpHqHHHJ\a 3HaHoMiCTb i3 TBopaMH
Hosoi yKpaiHChKoi J\iTepaTypH a HaAAHinpHHChKiH
y KpaiHi, . 3 yKpaiHCbKHMH icTOpHqHHMH BH,<'taHHHMH
MHKOJ\H KocTOMapoaa - icTOpHKa, naHTeJ\eHMOHa
Ky.l\illla - nHChMeHHHKa, MHKOJ\H fy.l\aKH - npo-
cpecopa, OnaHaca MapKOBHqa -- BH3HaqHoro eTHO-
169
rpacpa, BacHMI 6iAo3epcbKoro, Ta B rreprny qepry I'eHi-
HAbHoro yKpaiHChKoro rroeTa - Tapaca WeetieHKa.
CTioHipaMH HagioHa.11.bHOro ei4po42KeHHH r a.11.HtIHHH
cTa.11.a T. 3B. ,,yKpaiHCbKa TpiiigH" Ha qo.11.i 3 Map-
KiHHOM WarnKeBHtIOM, leaHoM BacH.11.eBHtIOM Ta 51Ki-
BOM r 0.11.0BaJ:!bKHM. BoHH, sci TpH, ige Ha lllKi.11.hHiH
.11.aei 3aXOil.ll.IOBaJ\HCH iAe6lO ei4po4meHHH yKpaiH-
CbKOro Hapo4y B f a.11.HtIHHi . Ta IIiA BU.11.HBOM yKpaiH-
CbKOI'O IlHCbI\:ofeHHHJ:!TBa Ha y Kpa!Hi rrpagIO-
BaTH HaA e14po4meHHHM yKparncbKOI HapoAHOCTH
B ra.11.HtIHHi, 6amaIOtIH onepTH HOI'O Ra AYXOBOMY
3e' H.3Ky 3 3 ii 6araTOIO
Hag10Ha.ll.bHO-ICTOpHtIHOlO TpaAHJ:!I6lO Ta crraAigHHOlO.
B 1837 pogi - WarnKeBHtI e114ae 36ipHHK ,,Pyca.11.Ka
AHicTpoea"' rreprny KHHLKKY B ra.11.HtIHHi, IIHCaHy
HapOAHbOlO, yKpaiHCbKOlO MOBOIO. !JH KHH2KKa - -
4apMa - igo ii CKOpo no BHXOAi YPJIA CKOHcpicKy-
BaB, 3po611.11.a Be.11.HKe epamiHHJI Ha rpoMaAJIHCTBO,
30KpeMa Ha yKpaittcbKY MOAOAb. WarnKeBHtI, HK rrpo
HbOI'O rri3Hirne f oAOBaJ:!bKHH rrncaB ,,3arra.ll.HB BOI'OHb,
KOTpHii .11.Hrne rpo6osa rrepcTb 3aracHTH Mome, crrac
HapOA BiA .Ta OTBOpHB Olli K02KHOMY IIHCb-
MeHHOMY tI0.11.0BIKOBI, B KOTporo .ll.HlllH.11.0CH ige He-
3iIICOBaHe yKpaiHCbKe cepge, IIOKa3aB HOMY HOI'O
II0.11.0LKeHHH ii o6oe' H3KH AAJI Hapol(a i crroci6, HK gi
o6os'H3KH Tpe6a CIIOBHHTH". l.faeHH gei Tpiiigi 36H-
pa.11.H HapoAHi rricHi, oro.11.ornyaa.11.11 ix, rrHca.11.H cTaTTi
rrpo 2KHTT.R i rro6yT yKpaiHCbKOI'O Hapo4y, CTapaIO-
tIHC.R BHK.11.HKaTH 3ag1KaBAeHH.R yKpaiHCbKHMH crrpa-
BaMH cepeA ceoix i qym11x. BoHH, rreprni rri4Hec.11.H
uo.11.1Twrne, KYAhTypHe Ta eKOHOMitIHe cTaHoBHige
yKpaiHCbKOI'O Hapo4y B fa.11.HtIHHi.
HamaAb - g.R 3,zi;oposa HapoAH.R CTPYH 4oari poKH
rrpOAHpaAacH Kpi3h TeMp.Ray, 3aKH i Ha AeMKiBigHHY
AiHlll.11.H ii 3AOpoei 3epHa HagioHa.11.bHOI'O BiApOA2KeHH.R.
CTOAIA f AAI14YIHI1.
BiA neprn01 XBHJ\HHH (a 1848 p.) upo6yAmeHHH
HagioHa.l\bH'oro iKHTTjf B f aJ\HqHHi, BHpHHyJ\a BaiKHa
HagioHaJ\bHO - noJ\iTHqHa KOHeqHiCTb IlOAiAy .,raJ\H-
qffHH i BoAOAHMHpiY 3 aeAHKHM KHn3iBCTBOM KpaKiB-
CbKHM! KHn3is.cTBOM i_
Ha ABI OKpeMI qacTH, Ha CXIAHIO-yKpaIHCbKY I TICHO
' . . . ..
3 HeIO 38 n3aHHMH nIBAeHHb0-3aXIAHIMH OKparnaMH
- i 3aXiAHbOIlOJ\bCbKY, l!!,O 3 BHBOAOM npaB ,11,0
4enKHX Q,HX 3eMeJ\b BHCTynHJ\a Opycin, Pocin Ta
AscTpin.
I caMe niA noKpiageM HaArpaHHqHHX 3aMirnaHb i
nattyIOLJ:Oi aBCTpiHcbKi aiHCbKa 3aHnJ\H Ha
npHKa3 gicapn l1ocmpa II. Haiineprne CnHJK, a He3a-
6apoM noTiM TaKoJK qacT11Hy HHHilIIHboi CaH,11,eqLJ:HHH.
no AOBlIIHX neperoaopax,
ITOJ\ITHqHHX YKJ\a4ax nepeBeAeHo no,11,1.1\ Kpa10 Ha ABI
rr0J\OBHHH: ,,3axiAHIO f aAHLJ:HHy" 3i CTOJ\Hge10 Kpa-
KOBOM, i ,,CxiAHIO fa;rnqHtty" 3i CTOJ\Hge10 AhBOBOM.
TaKa 3MiHa B yKAaAi rroAiTHqHHx rpaHH!J,b faAHqHHH
3aHrnJ\a B 1846 p. CTi,11, npeTecKTOM - HeAorrycTHTH AO
BH6yxy ITOJ\bCbKOro IlOBCTaHHH, 3aHMHJ\H aBCTpiHCbKi
siHCbKa B 6epe3Hi 1846 p. MicTo KpaKiB, AscTpiH
B nopo3yMiHHIO 3 Pocie10 Ta CTpycaMH cKacysaJ\a
KpaKiBCbKY peny6J\HKY Ta gi 3eMAi npHAyqHJ\a AO
csoix rrociAocTeH.
CxiAHn-yKpaiHCbKa f aAHqHHa ii 3axiAH.H nOJ\bCbKa
pi3HjfTbCjf Mim co6010 cycrri.l\bHO-eKOHOMiqHHM iKHT-
171
T.RM, qo6yTiBJ!!HH010, peAme10, e3araAi KYAhTypo10
- ceoiMH reorpacpi11HHMH YMOBHHaMHj CIIOKIHHe
H 6e3ne11He .mHTTH Ha gaxoAi npH11HHHA?CH Ay.cKe
3HalJHO AO 3pOCTY lJHCJ\a HaceAeHH.ff, AO IIIAHCCCHH.ff
Horo A06po6yTy Ta 3aM02KHOCTH - HaToMicgb Ha
OTBCpTiM CXOAi, BHCTaBJ\CHiM Ha 6e3HaCTaHHi Haila,411
TaTapcbKHx opA, Ha 11acTi pyYHH - iHaKille ycKAaAHIO-
eaJ\HCR cycniAbHO-eKoH0Mi11Hi eiAHOCHHH. ToAilllHH
3axi,1J.H.ff r aJ\HlJHHa J\e.maJ\a giAa IIO AieiM 6ogi BHCJ\H
ii o6HHMaJ\a 3eMAi, 3 HKHX npH AecTpii J\HlllHBca
TiAbKW Heee.l\HlJKHH c1<paeoK' e OKOAHJ!i KpaKoea --
i caM KpaKie
2
) .
niA HanopoM po36ypxaHHX HapOAHix Mac, IIOHBHBC.ff
B AHi 25 KBiTHH 1848 p. TaK 3BaHl1H gicapcbKHH
MaHicpecT, .J!!O BBOAHB y iKHTTR nepruy
KOHCTHTYJ!HO 3 m11po1rnMH 3anopyKaMH npaB yc1x
Hapo,1J.ie B3araAi - Mi.m HKHMH He 6paKyea./\o TaKOLK
raAHJ!bKHX y KpaiHgie.
Y faAwrnHi no1111HaTbCH .m11e11i1 yKpaiHCbKHH
YKpaiHgi nepeAalOTb nepm11i1 MeMopiHA BiAHOCHO
npae YKpaiHChKoro HapoAy niA AecTpie10, 3acHo-
ey10Tb nepllle IlO./\iTHlJHe TOeapHCTBO ,,r 0.1\0BHY
PychKY PaAy" y Abeoei, B TpaeHi 1848 p. BHXOAHTb
- .
neprne lJHC.1\0 neprnoro yKpalHCbKOI'O IIO.l\ITHlJHOfO
11acon11cy ,,r aAH!JbI<a 3opH." CepeA 3ara./\bHoro niA-
HeceHHH nporO./\OillYIOTb J!!Opa3 TO HOBi yKpaiHCbKi
HagioHaJ\bHOKY.l\bTYPHi ii cycniAbHO-noAiT1111Hi AOMa-
raHHH, opraHi3yIOTb nocnirnHo HagioHa./\bHO- KYJ\b-
TYPHY Ta cycniAbHO - noAiT1111Hy po6oTy. lJiAy AiHAh-
HicTb y giH cnpaei 83.R.l\a B . ceoi PYKH r OJ\OBHa
PycbKa PaAa. Botta BHHCHIO cnpaey IIOAiAy ra.l\H-
lJHHH Mim IllHpOKHMH KpyraMH yKpaiHCbKOfO Hace-
') Isae KpeeeybKHH: Cupaea n0Ai.11 y B PP 1846-1850.
k ei e 1910,
') I. KpeeeJ!bKHii : l!K nonepeAHo cT. 18.
172 '
J\eHHH B Kpa10, npH rroM011i . cso'ix <f>iJ\ii1, npecli, siAr
'IHTis, rroiBAOK Ta -OCBiAOMAH-l011HX t pe!pepaTia; -
3' oKpeMa seAe 3axo,11.11 rroBa rpaHH!JHMH Kpa10, igo6
BHKa3aTH KOHe11HY l10Tpe6y IlOAiAy faJ\H11HHH Ha Aiii
qacTH - . OKpeMO yKpaiHCbKY - 3' ii rrpHHaAetKHHMH
aAMitticTpagiHHHMH, cKap6osHMH, cy AoBHMH Ta Apy-'
IJ,epKBa B 3asatJqi 6i.'IR PaMaeoBa.
rHMH B.l\aCTHMH - Ta OKpeMO l10.l\bCbKY; 60 gi o6i 11acTH
f aAH11HHH rriA KOLKHHM OrMI,<\OM piBHHTbCH MiLK co6010.
r OAOBHa PycbKa PaAa, y ApyroMy MeMopiHAi AO
MiHicTepcTsa BHyTpinrnix cnpas BHCKaBaAacH, igo:
,,noAiA faAH11HHH AAH YKpaiHgis r r H T a H H ~ M LKHTTH,
60 TiAbKH TaI<HM cnoco6oM MOLKHa paB Ha see rro-
. . .. .
KAaCTH KIHegb 11yLKHM 3aTJHM B yKpalHCbKlM Kpa10 -
173
TiAbKH_ raKHM cn.oco6oM Mom1:1a }'MOmAHBHTH YKpa-
iHgHM cso6i.<'UittH possiH ix - . AaTa
!J,bOrp 28 }KOBTHH 1848 p. .
THMqacoM y Kpa10 i .B ;CaMiii . ascTpiiicbKiii Aep-
masi 33HIIIJ\H IlOAii, J!!,O He .l\HIIIHJ\HCH 6e3
Ha saxoAH PycbKP
0
i PaAH. PesoA10giHHHH
pyx y Absoai l- 2. J\l:fCTonaAa 1848 p. BHKJ\HKaB
SHOBY samHi HacAiAKH. B giAiM KpaIO nporoAollleHo
. . CTaH, nosaKpHBaH6 TOBapHCTBa, 3AepmaHO
BHAaBaHHH qacorrncis. Y KpaKosi sopraH:isosaHo r'y-
6epHiJIAbHY KOMici10, Ta Ha OCHOB! ' MiHicTepcbKOrO'
posnop.S1AKY
1
) niAAaIOqH riiA ii yhpasy llliCTb sax,i4HbO;.
raAH!J,bKHX 3AMiHicTpagiHHHX OKpyris: 6oxeHCbKHH,
B8AOBH!J,bKHH, JllIJ!!,iBCbKHH, caHAegbKHH, TapHiBCbKHH, .
i .SICeJ\bCbKHH. - ,,!J,e BHKJ\HKaJ\O Mim giAOI9 yKpa-
iHCbKOlO J\lOAHiCTlO HeBAOBOJ\eHH.H" - TaK IlHCaB
ocTaHHiH MeMopiHA PaAH - KiHqa10qH sa.HBOIO, J!!,O
"JKpaittchKHH HapoA nepecTaHe
npaBHOlO AOporoIO AO r:JOAiAy Ta .. l\HqHHH, Koliqe' no-
Tpi6HOIO AJ\H CilOKOlO Ta nopHAKY gei yKpaiHCbKOi
qacTH f 3J\HqHHH". , ,
AAe ascTpiiicbKi . qHHHHKH , Hi.HK He xoTiAH noro-
AHTHCH T3KHM IlOAiAOM r aJ\HqHHH. T OMY B 3AMi-
HiCTpaTHBHOMY BiAHOllleHHlO IlOAiAeHO f 3.1\HqHHY Ha
TPH aAMinicTpagiiini oKpyru, J!!,O ix aassaAH BiA ix
roAOBHHX MicT: Absosa, i CTaHHCAasosa.
AAMiHicTpagiiiaa KpaKiBCbKa oKpyra o6iiiMae Kpaii
BiA KapnaT am no BucAy ii nopiqq.ff C.Hay, a6o AaB-
Hillli OKpyru: 6oxeHCbKHH, B3AOBHgbKHH, p.HllliBCbKHH,
1
) ,,3opll raAH!.lbKa," 1849, q: 7 OHIIIe: .8 TiM MieicTepcb!(iM poano
pllAKY 6aqHll(O BCTyn AO llOAiAy raJIHqHHH Ba yKpai'BcbKY ii OOilbCbKY
qaCTHHY Ta '!!HPY BOAIO Tenepimeboro MieicTepcTsa y BHKoBaBHIO pisHo-
npaseocTH scix eapoAiB. MycHMO - OAHaqe - AOA&TH, '!!0 AYe 60J1iAo 6H
eac cepQe, l!K10 yKpaYHcbtd Q8CTH :Rce)lbCbKOro, CBHAe!.lb!COro Ta pl!miB-
CbKOro OKpyria He 6yAH 6H BiAAiAeBi ii npHAyqeei AO Hae; HaTOMicyb MH
xoqeMo, 106 MasypcbKa qacTb Cl!HiybKOl oKpyrH 6yAa npHAyqeea AO Kpa-
xosa. 4epea !!C 6yAo 6H cao6iAeime i MasypaM - i HaM."
174
catt,ll;e!JbKHH, TapHiBCbKHH Ta HCe.l\bCbKHH 3 .zieHKHMH
qacTHHBMH nepeMHCbKoi H CHHi!JbKoi oKpyrn. BAa-
CTHBa yKpaiHCbKa qacTHHa CHHi!JbKOi OKpyrH BBiHIIIJ\a
B CKJ\a,<\ J\bBiBCbKOi a.ziMiHicTpagiHHOi OKpyrn 3i cy .zioaH-
MH oKpyraMH B oaAHropo.zii, AichKy, CHttogi i I.JJaattiM.
Cy.ziosi OKpyrH B KpaKiHChKiH a.ziMitticTpagiliHiH
0Kpy3i ycTaHOBJ\eHo B KopocHHHJ!!,HHi: B Eepe3oai,
Tunu Hace/leHHR JleMtciBW,UHU so ce.11a MH.11HK - HosocaH4eqq1rna.
AoMapa.zimi 'i'a Kopoctti; ,<\J\H fp116isr,g11ttH: B fpH6osi
Ta CttiTHH!Ji; AJ\H Hosocatt.zieqq11tt11: B HosoMy Cattqi,
KpHHH!Ji, AiMaHosi; ,<\J\H fopAuqq1-rn11: osq, f opAH!Ji,
. MaAHCAiB (MaAacTia); .<\AH 4YKAHHJ:!!HHH: AYKAH, PH-
Mattia; ,<\AH PHIIIiBJ!!,HHH: r AOI'iB, PHIIIiB, CTpHmiB,
TH.iuiq; .<\AH 5:1ceAhJ!!,HHH: 3A11rop0Aoi<
KpaMnHa, HcAo; .<\AH CTapocatt.zieqq11tt11: KopocTeHKo,
AH!JKO Ta CTapHii Cattq. . .
: _, TaKHH IIOAiA 3 .zieHKHMH 3MiHaMH 3aAepmaBCH am
AO AscTpo.-ytopcbkoi MoHq.pxii. a 1918 p.
AEMKIBCbKA BEAYIKA EMirP
AasHo MHHYAH gi qacH, KO.l\H AeMKO, npHB
1
H3aHHH
AO "K.l\aIITHKa" ripcbKOro, HeBAHqHoro IIOAH, KHAaB
co6010 Ha sci 60KH, 1!!06 BHmHBHTH CBOIO qHc.l\eHHY
pOAHHy. IJJe npH KiHgi A.pyroi IIO.l\OBHHH MHHJAOro
cToAiTTH Haqa.J\H AeMKH KHAaTH Macoso csoi ,,xm1rn",
Ta BHfaAHTH 3a 0KeaH Ha 3apo6iToK.
1
) EyAH ge
30.1\0.Ti qacH !
,,HHHbO po6.l\HTb Ha TaARpi 8 faMepHgi" a5o:
,,KeT 6H AeM He TOTH ropH, He H.l\Hgi; BHAiAa 6H
H CBOrO HHHH 8 f aMepHgi" j 3aXOBa.l\OCb 8 HapOAHiX
cnisaHKax. Tyra H: O,llHoqacHo oqaHAYIIIHiCTb, 5a- '
maHHH Kpal!!oro 3aBTpa, si46H.l\OCb y niCHHX:
O
u I
,, H
1
.l\HIIIY H TH, .l\HIIIY. .
AeM CH CHAY Ha KYAHIO, AeM CH IIOKOAHIIIy!"
I npag10sas AeMKo, HK ,,coMap" niA aeMAelO (s MaH:-
Hax-KonaAbHHx syrAH), HapiBHi 3 .-
TaM ymHBa.l\H AO nepesomeHHH syrAH, Bl.3KlB-IIITplT-
Kap); y IIOTi qo.l\a npagEOBaB, I!!aAHB, CTJ.l\SIB rpiIII,
IM06 noMorTH 3aAHIIIeHiH: piAHi s CTapoMy Kpa10
Ta - CKOpo sepHyTH H 3aBeCTH KpaIMHH .l\aA, HK
BH13AOM.
He 6yAo xaTH Ha AeMKiBIMHHi, IM06H XTOCb 3 qe-
AH.<\H He MaHApyaaB 3a Mope. !Ji, IMO He MOr.1\-H
3 pi.3H.HX IIpHqHH (He.3,1ti6HiCTb AO BHfaA.y, BiHCbKOBi
nepeIIIKOAH i T. n.) BHixan:1 3a 0KeaH, XOAHJ\H ryp-
1
) AeMKiscbKi .itoKyMeHTH i opnrina.11bHi AHCTH. Te'!Ka: Aew1<i s1iwea.
HayKoae ToaapecTso iM. llleaqe&Ka Absis 1936.
176
MOIO B qaci eqacHoro AiTa Ha YropIJ!HHY Ha LKHHBa,
a6o HK caMi AeMKH KamyTh "no mIIeHHqKy HaA THcy
i AyHaii". BiACH i nicHi:
"3aAaeAeHiAa pyTa, HK Ayttaii piKa"
a6o ,,nacy KOHH Taii AYMKY AyMa10;
MoH MH.l\a XOAHTb no AyHaIO".
BiACH npHB03H.l\H Ta 3HMyea.l\HCH B ceo-
ix xmsKax, aapo6AHIOqH IJ!e BHMOIO B Aicax, a6o npH
. .
AOCTaBI Aepeea AO MICTa.
Bun11imaHHR no11yKiUJKiB y UJJIRX. Bopo6.11HKy, Ko.110 PHMaeoea.
!J,Hx AeMKiB, IJ!O BH_ixa.l\H aa 0KeaH, CTpiH}'Ao
60A10qe HBHIJ!e. TaM AeMKO no6aqHe HafAHAHO Ta
BiAqye Ha CBOiH IIIKipi, HK THLKKO LKHTH HerpaMOT-
HbOMY Mim qymHMH. Piatti aMepHKaHChKi 6pagTea,
a'oKpeMa gepKoBHi, aacHoeaHi TOAi B AMepHgi, ryp-
Tyea.l\H ,,6ea'HaHqHHX I'pHHopie"; OAHaqe He AaBa.l\H
noMoqi aHi niAhrH HiHKOi, xi6a, IJ!O 36HpaAH q.}\eHCbKi
BK.l\aAKH, a B paai CMepTH q.}\eHa aaiiMa.l\HCH noxo:
poHaMH Ta AeKO.l\H no.l\aAHa.l\H rpoIIIeBo-cnaAKOBl
177
CnpaBH noMeprnoro. 0eBHOi MeTH 06' ,:\HaHH.R ni4
yKpaiHCbKHM HagioHaAbHHM npanop, npo Te - TOAi
MOBH He 6yAo! c:DiA.R,.\eAbcpiiicbKi, niTc6ypcbKi, HIO-
iiopcbKi,
1
) 6ocTOHCbKi, 6aAbTHMOpCbKi Ta BailIHHI'TOH-
CbKi TOBapHCTBa-6paTCTBa rypTyBaAH np116epe2KHHX
eMiI'paHTia; o.iittaqe gi, f!!O nirnAH f!!e rA116rne B aMe-
pHKaHCbKHH Kpaii, Ha.ii piKy Miccicini, K0Abopa40,
npona.iiaAH - ge6TO 3ary6A10BaAHCH B qym11Hegb-
KOMY Mopi. A 6yA11 f!!e TaKi AeMKH, f!!O 3apo6MIAH
AaAbllie f!!e Ha 3axi4 B CTeiiTax Heaa4a, Api3oHa,
MoHTaHa, ,4aKoTa, He6pacKa, KaHBac; g11x amt:: -
no CAOBaM AeMKa - ,, BoBqa 3Bi3Aa. onHcKaAa" .
.i\eMKO 3a 0KeaHOM He 3aAHI1IaB HiKOAH HarOAH,
.RKJ,!!O XTO BepTaB AO KpalO, J,!!06 He nepe.iiaTH pi3HHX
AapyHKiB, B neprn!ii qep3i CBoiii Haii6AH.tKqiji pi4Hi
Ta Aa.l\bilIHM CBO.RKaM i 3HaKOMHM - cyci4aM "Ta-
. . .
A.RpIB, .iiaKyc AyraHy - TIOTIOHy, OAIHH.R - 1'03IB
ABeKiB - KanTaHiB - xycTHH - cpageAHqaTb".
BHKynoayaaB 3a4oameHy ,,Ha AOpory" - piAHY HHBY
Ta J,!!aAHB, f!!06 np1rn6HpaTH .RKHaii6iAhrne rpoma
i no noaopoTi nornHpHTH CBO MaMHO.
EMirpagi.R npHHOCHAa f!!e TaKi KOpHCTH, 10 MaiiHo
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1
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178
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179
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182
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183
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Il.l\HHH AO ycnixy. nepmi .l\aCTiBKH Kpaxy noKa3a.l\HCH
Ha 6ipmi B pogi 1929, .HK 3a11a.l\H ynaAaTH yA.iAH
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AeHHH. Bit1.TaK 3a11aAac.a 3HHLKKa nAaTHi no cpa6pH-
Be.nu<taBa MyposaHa qepKsa B KpuHuqi, a6. 1872 p.
Kax i 3MCHlIICHH.H po6iTHH11HX CHA. B 1931 i 1932
poKaX 3a11a.l\H 3aMHKaTH 6aHKH. npHilHHH.l\aCH CilJ\aTa
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, eiH AMepHgi. He MOr.l\H a4epmaTHC.H. HarraAaJ\H ix
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He nponaJ\H. f pi3Ha He6e3IlCKa HagioHaAbHOi 3arH
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6HT11CH Kpaigoi AOAi.
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Ha.l\bHHX CXOAHHax, 3' opraHi3oBaHHH B pi3H<1X
yKpaIHCbKHX TOBapHCTBax - IlH.l\bHO CTeLKHTb 3a
BCiMH no4i}IMH B pi4Hix CTopoHax i ,ltopoLKHTb yKpa-
iHCbKHM - 3i CTaporo Kpa10 - c.l\OBOM.
- Bory AHKyeaTH, LKHBY a.me B AMepHgi 35 po-
. .
KlB; a.l\e plLKHH!,!H MILK THMH poKaMH TaKa Be.l\HKat
HK Aa.l\eKe He6o BiA 3eM.l\i. nepe4 35 poKaMH MR
TYT Hi1.10 He Ma.l\H, . Ti.l\bKH OAHH Ha-
po4Hil1 Co103, i TO Ay.me cAapo 3opraHi3oeaHHH Ta
XHTKHH. Cboro.llJii geii Y KpaiHCbKHH Hapo4HiH Co10a
. .
Ma6 noeepx TPH!,!HTb THC}I1I ' Hag10Ha.l\bHO CBIAOMHX
1.1AeHiB, Ta MaHHO H:oro nepeeHigas TPH i nie MiAbHO-
Ha AOM1pie. B MicgeeocTH EAi3a6eT,1) H. Am. nepe4
35 poKaMH MOLKHa 6y.l\o Bcix HaIIIHX .l\IOAeH Il01IHC.l\HTH
Ha naAb!J}IX, cborOAHi npag10s TYT noHaA 1IOTHPH
THC}I1Ii cei40MHX YKpaiHgie 3 giAoi fa.l\H1IHHH. To;ti
TaKo.m He 6yAo B E.l\i3a6eT aHi HaIIIoi gepKBH, aHi
IIIKO.l\H, aHi Hapo4HbOro .4oMy, aHi YKpaiHCbKoro
nap1<y; Tenep Ma6MO Y1<paiHCbKY rpeKo-KaTO.l\H!,!bKY
gep1<ey, y1<paiHCbKY ee.l\111.1aey IIIKO.l\y, YKpaiHCbKHH
Hapo4HiH AiM, YKpaiHCbKHH napK, AeB'HTb YI<paiH-
CbKHX :SpagTB i ToeapHCTB, Bi44i.I\ OABY., fpoMa-
AHHChKi KpymKH, KoMiTeT AeMKiBigHHH. - 04HHM
C.l\OBOM - yce, Ti.l\bKH OXOTH 40 npagi H TO 6e3
pi3HHgi y ecix 1.JH ge noAOMIK, 1.JH AeMKO 1.JH Apyri
YKpaiHgi. - Po6oTH B AMepHgi Ayme c.l\a6i; s HapiA,
igo 6i4ys, a.l\e TYT Ma6MO ceoi iHCTHTygii, igo 6i4HiIIIHM
a6o 6e3 npagi noMaraIOTb i He AaAYTb 6i4yeaTH
ii roA04yeaTH. TymHMO 3a Pi4HiMH CTopoHaMH.
1
) 1lacTHHa 11HcTa BacHl\JI .l\.ee'IHKa a E11iaa6eT, H. AlK. TeKa: .AeM-
KiBl!!HHa." Aheie 1935.
BI13HA YHI AEMKIBCbKI .415141.
AeMKiBJ!!,irna - e noprnHaHHJO a ApyrHMH yKpa
IHCbKHMH 3CMJ\HMH BH,<'laJ\a 6araTO AYXOBHHX i ceiT-
CbKHX AiH'Iie.
1
)
B ceAi EopTHe, KOJ\O r opAHJ!b POAHBCH ToMa
llo.11.RHCblCUU, enHcKoa e CTepeMHIIIAi; a KpHHHgi po-
AOM M0TponoAHT i1ocu<fJ CeM6pamoBU'I.; a AoAHHHgi
K. 2KM0rop0Ay Mumpono.11.um Ce.11.bBecmep CeMgpa-
moBU'I.; a MyrnHHKH enHcKon l0.11.iRH lle.11.ew; YI. E.
ea11cKon K11p i1oca<jJam Ko4u.!l.OBCbKUU, ypoAmeHegh
Csrni'I'IHHH (CTaKornieKa).
CeHJ!!,CHHKH: npocp. Abeie. yHieepcHT. o. Tum
MuUJKOBCblCUil, poAOM 3 CTeperpHMKH; peKTOpH AbBie .
.a.yxoeHoro ceMHHapa: o. 0. KpuHUl/bKuii, 3 Kp0eoi,
o . .Jn. l(puHUl/bKUil, o. Mox1-1a4bKUii Ta o. T. CeM-
6pamoBu'I. (Abeie-BiACHb)j KpHAOIIIaHH B CTepeMHlllAi:
o. I. MuwKOBCbKUii, o. I. BoiimoBu'I., o. OJTeKcaHiJep
3y6pUlJblCUii; IlO'ICTHHH KpHAOIIIaHHH: 0. I'p. l./upHRB-
CblCUU - napox Cl>AbOpHHKH, a. JleB ll.J,aBUHCblCUU,
napox CaM6opa, o. JleB CeM6pamoBU'I., napox Yep-
Tema, o. AHmiH BecTCuiJ, napox e TapHaegi ii AOero-
AiTHiii AeKaH, o. B. }/{etecmoBCbKUU - napox Kp0
HHgi, o. I'p. /(onucmRHCbKUii aapox CHiTHHgi.
B11atta'Itti cTapHHHi CB}IJ!!,CHH'Ii po.a.11: EecKHAiB, B11
CAOJ!bKHX, BeHrp0ttoe11qie, f Aa.a.11miecbKHx, fYMegb-
KHx, 3y6pHJ!bKHX, AypKoTie, KoHcTaHTHHOBH'Iie, Ko-
') Hayqao-A1tTepaTypublii C6opam:"b faJllfyKo-PyccKoii MaTlfyhl, Aheie,
1934.
189
nHCT11HCbKHX, KpHHHJ:!bKHX, MiA11HH11ie, MoxttaJ:!bKHX,
06yIIIKeBH11ie, TapaceeH11ia, IOp11aKeBH11ia i Apyri.
BHatta11'Hi ceiTcbKi nocTaTi: I'ap6epa - KaniTaH
po40M a Moxtta11KH; Cm. 3eM6a, coTHHK KaeaAepii
a lliA11xToeoi; TaJT.naw, MaHop a Hoeoi BecH; IOJT.i-
RH KpuHUl/blCUti r'ettepaA, CeM6pamoBU'-l r'ettepaA i AP
OpocpecopH yttieepcHTeTy: BucJT.Ol/blCUi1., ( B a p I I I ~ -
l/umallbHR ,,npocsimu s ceAi Aa6osa, s KpaMHHgero n. A. BeiiMyKa.
CsiTAHB ..!l;p. M . ..!l;seposuq.
aa), BacuJT.b lfepHRBCblCUi1., ao 3AOJ:!bKoro (Absie),
E. lfupHRBCblCUi1., a <thbopHHKH (KpaKie), I'JT.aiJu-
wiBCblCUi1. (4epHiB!!i).
nMHa3iHHi npocpecopH: BacH.l\b no.l\HHCbKHH (AH-
peI<TOp B OepeMHIII.l\i), MuxaH.1\0 no.l\11HCbKHH (Absis),
lKer'ecTOBCbKHH (Eoxtt11), DeTpHK a KpHHH!!i (K0Ao-
MH11), MaKCHM KpHHHJ:!bKHH a MaJ\aCTosa (CaM6ip),
.HctpH6 3 (KHie), MHxaHAO KoHCTaHTHHO-
BHq (CTaHHCAaBiB).
CyAAi: MoxHa!JbKHH, npeaHAeHT Kpae8oro CYAY
y Ahsosi, AyKiHH KpHHH!JbKHH paAHHK i npe3H/J..
B TepHoHoAi, TeoAop .3y6pH!JbKHH, paAHHK y
BiAHi, KopHHAO 3y6pH!JbKHH paAHHK y Ahsoei, fa
'J!!HH paAHHK, I. . KonHCTHHCbKHH paAHHK B CaM6opi,
,4p. Cfl. CasqaK a Hosoi Bec11 (Ahsie), K. MeHgiH
-CbKHH 3 MaAacToea, paAHHK, A. fyMe!JbKHH CJAAH
(ii a/J,BOKaT), ,4p. EM. 3y6pH!JbKHH paAHHK y Ahsoei,
.AP EsreH 3y6pH!JbKHH B YepHiBgHx.
AiKapi: 11.p. - ral!!HH, AHpeKTOp AiqHHgi B CTepe
MHIIIAi, AP KAHMKiBCbKHH, q>i3HK B EaAHropoAi, AP
CHiTHH!JbKHH, AiKap B 3MHropoAi, AP EM. fAaAH-
llliBCbKHH, q>i3HK B TepHoaoAi, AP MoAeCT fyMegb
KHH, B KopocHi, AP EsreH XHAHK, IIOAKOBHHK AiKap
B XopsaTii; IIOAiTHqHa aAMiHicTpagiH: paAHHK KoH-
CTaHTHHOBHq y BiAHi, (Mim.HapoAHe npaso), BoAo-
AHMHp KpHHH!JbKHH, iHcaeKTop IIpH aaAi3HHgi, EeHeA.
MiiicbKHH, iHLKeHep npH HaMiCHH!JTBi y Absosi, ocHOB
HHK 6ypc11 B HosoMy CaHqi.
3 noMim. cTap1IIHx: Muxail.llo CRHi4bKUi1 a XVI cT.
nepeKAaB 3 6oArapcbKOro Ha CAOB
1
HHCbKY MOBY eBaH-
reA1,
llaB.llO 3 KopocHa 3 XV CT. noeT,
Muxail.llO Bacu.1zeBU'i 3 CHHoKa, a XVI CT. nepe
. '
KAaB qQTHpH esaHreAHI Ha raAH!JbKY MOBy,
lBaH IIpuc.lloncbKUil 3 XVIII. cT. Han11cas ,,A11-
Typr11KoH CB. loaHa 3oAOToycToro" i ,,l1pMOAO
:ioH", nepeKAas no AeMKiBCbKH ,,CTcaATHp AaBHAa",
l T. II.
TuMoifJeil 3 Buco'iaH, a XVIII cT. Han11cas ,,EsaH-
reAie yq11TeAbHoe",
Jl,aMiRH JleBU4bKUi1 a Hosoi BecH, aaAHIIIHB ,,C6op-
HHK AYXOBHHX CTHXOB H nicHeii"'
191
Cmenan 3 PuxBaJLbiJa 3 XVII CT. Ham1cae ,,Y1m-
TeAbHoe eeaHreAie",
Hocwp Hpuna 3 Pa4ogHHH, npocpecop npaea Ha
EorocAoe' 10 y Abeosi, .
EeHeiJ. MoxHGIJbKUi1 3 EaHugi (3 XVII CT.), AP
Me,lJ,. ocTaeue: ,, Dissertatio inauquralis
de Pharmacopolis",
Muxai1JLo KoncmanmaHOBUl.f 3 fKu4iecbKoro (s 51-
ceAbIJ!HHi), Haropo,J,mem1ii 30./\0THM xpecTOM 3a npu-
cAyry e qaci nepexo4y pociHCbKHX eiHcbK qepe3 AeM-
Kieigutty Ha Yrpu (1849. p.); Hanucas ,,feHeaAori10
po,11,y OcTpomcbKHx-KoHcTaHTHHOBHtJis",
Muxai1JLO /{pUHUlJblCUU, ,11,yIImaCTHpIOBaB B r aHb-
lJOBiH (f opAHlJlJHHa), Hanucae: ,,HcTopuqecKoe COCTO-
srnie HaMi>CTHH"lleCTBa MyurnHcKaro; MuurnHa i TH-
.1\Hll", (Bi,lJ,eHb 1853),
3 KpHsoi (f opAHlJlJHHa),
pa,ll,HHK. g1capcbKHMH op,ll,epaMH 3a ceoi
HayKOBI npag1,
BacaJLb l.f.epHRBCbKUi1 3i 3AO!JbKoro, 4ogeHT Abeie-
cbK9ro yttieepcHTeTy,
HocuifJ I'oi1HGIJbKai1, 3 YupHoi (f pH6ieigHtta), Ha-
nucae ,,XpoHHKY gepKeeii H napoxiii e EepecTi i
no./\.RHax"' ,,0 KTHTopax CB. xpaMa B EepecTi i no-
J\.RHax",
TeoiJop KypuJLo 3 BHcoeoi, 3aAHIIIHB pyKonHcH:
,, Theo logia pastoralis" i 4pyri,
. AnmiH Men4iHCbKUii, 3 ne./\bAi (CHHilJlJHHa) Ha-
nucas ,,MaTH MOH 3 CBOiMH CHHaMu" (Abeie 1867),
HocuifJ E. lll,aBUHCbKUii ttanHcas ,,HaqaAo icTopii
- Yepeottoi faAH!JbKoi Pycu",
IBaH KoncmanmunoBUl.f 3 KpaMnHoi (5keAblJ!HHa)
BH,lJ,aB ,,OnHCaHie HKOH no gepKsax B CTOJ\HlJHiM
ropo4i Absosi",
Hocuif; CeM6pamoBUl.f, 8. AHCTona,lJ,a
192
1821 p. p Kp11H11gi, y BiAHi cKiHq11s 3 BiA3HaqeH
H.HM 6orocJ\oBchKi HayKH, B P11Mi AOKTop113ysasc.R:.,
Ha3HaqeHHH rrpecpeKTOM AyxoaHoro ceMHHapa y AhBO
ei, eiATaK sigepeKTopoM AYXOBHoro ceMHHapa y BiAHi,
rrpocpecopoM J\bBiBCbKOrO yHiBepcHTeTy, IlOMiqHHKOM
cycppar'aHOM rrepeMHCbKOro errHCKOna, 18. TpaBHH
1870 p. MHTpOilO.l\HTOM faJ\HqHHH, BHAaB AO yKpa-
iHCbKOro AYXOBeHCTBa 6e3.J\iq naCTHpCbKHX J\HCTiB
Ta AA.SI HapoAa nacTHpCbKl IlOCJ\aHH.H.
ToMy caMe, 1!!,0 geii Be.l\HKHH rpoMaA.HHHHMHTpo-
noAHT rrepIIIHH 3BepHyB ysary Ha rpi3He IlOJ\OLK.eHHH
Ta He6e3rreKy, 1!!,0 aJl.bKOrO.l\b BeJ\HKi crrycTOIIIeHHH
q11HHTb cepeA HapOAHIX ceJl..HHCbKHX Mac, fOAHTbCH
. . .
B KopoTJ1.1 rreperAHHYTH, .HKI 3acJ1.yrH yKparncbKe AY
XOBeHCTBO IlOKJ\aJ\O AJ\.H o6e3AOJ\eHoro HaIIIoro Ha
poAy B 6opOTb6i 3 IIIKIA.l\HBHM ym11aaHH.HM aJ\bKO
rOJ\bHHX
/.{yxoBeHcmeo B 6opomb6i a ompye10 - a.flbKOZOJieM.
BiA qacis 3HeceHHH naHl!!,HHH rroqaJ1.11 - .HK rp11611
no AOl!!,i, BHpOCTaTH Ha HaIIIHX 3eMA.HX IIIHHKH H ro-
paJl.bHi. 3siJl.bHHBC.H BiA
Ta HOBe J\HXO - l!!e npIIIe HanoCIJ\OC.H Ha HaIIII ce.l\a.
CAiA graAaTH, J!!O ga naHl!!,H3HHHHX qacia He AaBaJ1.11
. . .
CIJ\bCbKOMY ropIJl.KH aHI .ApyrHX OAYPMa-
HIOIOq11x HanoIB, TOMy, 1!!,0 rraHH XOTIJ\H MaTH 3AOpo-
BHX i CHJ\bHHX po6iTHHKiB, TBepe3HX i 34aTHHX AO
T.HLK.KOi rraHl!!,H3H.HHOi rrpagi .
0aHH Ha r'BaJ\T BKpHBaI0
1
Tb CiTKOIO KOpllleM .ll;Ofa.ll;H
. . . .
AO MICT' rOCTHH!!,l - rO.l\OBHIIIII ,ll;OporH Ta LK.H,il.IB
HacTaBJl.HIOTb IIIHHKysaTH ropiAKOIO. B caMiH csrnighKiii
3eM.l\i MOLK.Ha 6y.l\o HaqHCJ\HTH COTKH KOpIIIeM rrpH
6HTOMY gicapcbKOMY III.l\.Hxy. Bi4 AicbKa - nonpH
lllJ\.HX AO CHHOKa - qepe3 3aripH, - 3 C.aHoKa ,11.0
193
T HpHBH - Ha niBACHb AO PuMaHoBa, BiATa.K qepea
Porn Ha npaBo AO KopocHa - Ha AiBo B ropH AO
/f,yKAi - AO 51cAHCbK, niAripCbKHM IIIAHXOM AO iKMH-
ropoAy, qepea KpaMrIHy, B fopAH1111HHi qepea YcTH
PychKe - B HoBocaHAC11lIHHi, B MCHIIIiH Mipi B CTpH-
miBJ!!HHi Ta 6i11qHHi 6yAyIOTb BCAHKi aai3AHi KOpIIIMH.
l!!e CbOrOAHi IlOAH6aeMO . npH 6HTHX KapnaTCbKHX
,,5opmaK"- iiJiom s po4uqia aJ1.bKoroJ1.iKia.
CaiTJ\HB AP 6. rHaTeauq.
IIIMixax BIA CXOAY Ha aaXIA - 3AOB2K !!1.1\0fO Kap-
. . . . .
naTCbKOro IllAripH CTap1 B.CAHKI MypoBaHI KOpIIIMHCbKa,
f!!O .B H011YB3.l\H 6aAKH MaHApiB:
H!<I AOB03HAH 3 B.l\aCHI, paHI
OB011I, Cl.l\b Ta ToprysaAH p13HHM rocnoAapCbKHM l
npOMHC.l\OBHM A06poM. !Ji npHAOpOLKHi KOpIIIMH Ma.l\H
piaHi Ha3BHJ!!a: /f,osra aa 3aripHM, MypoBaH_a Ha
ln100Tposaaa lcTop!" AeMxls1jj: HH 13
194
CHHiqKy, CAina aa BocbKOM, BeaeopiTHH e Porax,
flipquea KOJ\O y CTH, f AH60Ka nepeA 5ieipHHKaMH,
OiAciHHH e PuMaHoei, BAHxieKa e CHHogi, OiA fpa
6oM e KopocHi i T. n. AAe ixHEi npH3HaqeHHH 6yAo
poanHBaTH B neprniii qep3i AOOKOKffqHEl HaceAeHHH
Ta CTHraTH piaHi onAaTH eiA AOi3AiB i nepei3Aie.
Oeprni 2KHAH 3axOAHAH B KapnaTCbKi oceAi l!!e e XVI.
CT.; ix cnpoeaA2KyeaAH ABOpH, 60 ToprieAIO eea2KaAH
HeBiAilOBiAHHM, a6o HenoqecHHM aaH.HTTHM AAH ce-
J\51HCbKOrO HaceAeHHH. 0AHaqe cTaAoro ociAKY 2KHAH
He MaAH l!!e TOAi B KapnaTax. HapoA oceo6oAtK.e-
HHH a KpinagTea 6ye 6eanoMiqHHH, HeoceiAOMAeHHH;
He aHaB, IMO Tpe6a iioMy Tenep aaBOAHTH e ceoiioMy
ceAi HOBHH AaA I nopHAOK, Kpal!!e BHXoeyeaTH ceoix
AiTeH Ta aaMiC!Jb IlOKOpHCTOByBaTHCH IlOBHOlO oco-
6HCTOIO CB060AOIO, HaHillOB co6i poapaAy B niHTH!Ji.
3paay He 6yAo KOMY iioro 6opoHHTH Ta nepecTe
perTH nepeA HOBHM Hel!!aCTHM. IJJoHHO iAeHHe HOee'
yKpa"iHCbKe AYXOBeHCTBO Ha qoAi 3 J\bBiBCbKHM MHTpo-
IlOJ\HTOM, KapAt-rnaAoM MHxaiiAoM AeBH!JbKHM cTae
AO 6opOTb6H 3 niHHCTBOM, B3HBae AO nornHpIOBaHHH
TBepeBOCTH Ta aaKAaAae 6pagTea TBepe30CTH npH
HarnHx gepKeax. AAe geii neprnHH eiApyx Ayxo
BCHCTBa - xoq IlJ;>OCTO
J\IOAAH - HaJ\HKaB AIAHqrn, BAaCHHKIB rop1AeHb I BOHH
noeeAH HariHKY Ha HalllHX iAeHHHX AyrnnaCTHpie.
T oAi BAaAa aa6opoHHAa yKpaiHcbKOMY ceju:geHCTBY
. . .
nornup10eaTH Ta nonHpaTH AUIAbHICTb npoTH mHHCTBa.
I 3acHoeaHi 6pagTea aarn6aIOTb, Ta HapiA TOHe
B OTpyHx.
1
)
IJ!oiiHo, HK Ha J\bBiBCb!}OMY MHTpOilOJ\HqoMy npe-
CTOAi aacie MHTponoAHTa Ylocmp CeM6paToeuq, ypo-
NKCHHH 8. AHCTonaAa 1821. e KpHHHgi Ta ea,11,ae
1
) YKpai'.HcbKe IlpoTHaAbKOl'O.llbHe i IlpoTHRiKOTHRRe T-eo .BiApOAJKeH-
He" y Abeoei .,3a TBepeaicTb". I. PaKoecbKHii, Abeie 1934.
195
AO Bcix yKpaiHCbKHX CB.sngeHHKiB ,ll;Ba ,,IlOCJ\aHiH,"
o.n;Ho ,,Opo ,n;ocToiHCTBO 110.1\osiKa," B HKOMY npe,n;-
CTaBHB, CTpaIIIl!HM ,ll;J\H
po,n;y 6 IllHHCTBO Ta 813BaB BCIX OCBI11eHHX yKpaIH!JIB;
B nepIIIy 11epry . CBHigeHHKiB ,ll;O 6opOTb6H 3 !JHM
Hapo,n;HiM J\HXOM, a ,n;pyre ,,Opo 6pa!JTBa TBepe30CTH,"
B HKOMY B3HBa6 CBHigeHHKIB ,n;o 3aKAa,n;aHHH npH
!!,epKBax 6pagTB TBepe30CTH, ,n;AH 3rypTyBaHHH i1 ni,n;-
..ztepmysaHHH TBepe311x Ta AAH 3' opraiji3osaHoi 6o-
poTb6H 3 niHHCTBOM. 3a3HB !JbOfO BeJ\UKOfO: npa
BeAHHKa ii rpoMaAHHHHa BHKAHKaB MoryTHiii : 3pHB
rrpoTH niRHCTBa. Bci csi,n;oMi, i.n;eHHi yKpaiHgi nonrn-
p1010Tb CJ\OBOM, ,n;iAOM i IlpHMipoM TBepe3iCTb. 0e-
peA y TiH npagi se,n;e CBHigeHCTBO jg cnpaBmHiM
.anOCTOJ\bCbKHM 3aB3HTTHM: yAaA2KYIOTb OKpeMi
"Ta 3aCHOBYIOTb i 3aKJ\aAaIOTb 6pagTBa TBepe30CTH
no giAiH r aJ\HIJ:HHi. AeMKiBigHHa BKpHBa6TbCH ciTKOIO
6pagTB Tsepe30CTH, AeMKH rypMoIO np11c.s1ra10Tb,
igo 6iAbIIIe He 6y AyTb IlHTH ropiAKH, aHi aJ\bKOfO./\b
HHX Hanois; igo samHiIIIe - K02KHHH AeMKO nepeA
aHi3AOM ,n;o AMepHKH, 3anp11csmeH11ii, peBHO ,n;o,n;ep-
*Y6 npHCHry Ta npH IlOMOIJ:i yKpaiHCbKOro CBHigeH
CTBa, igo B Mipy BeJ\HKOi ./\eMKiBCbKOi eMir'pagii ,ll;O
AMepHKH - caMi Ha npoxaHHH, a6o ai3aaHHH eMir'pa-
!!,ii, iAYTb a cAiA AO AMepHKH - Ta Tai'd npo,n;oa-
myIOTb i,n;eiiHy npag10 3a11aTy B CTapoMy Kpa10. .
CssigeHCTBO Ha AeMKiaig11Hi ii.n;e Mim Hapi.n;, Ha11e
MiCHOHapi BHpHHalOTb TPH CBiT Ai IlOCTaTi iAeHHHX
peaHHx AywnacTHpis, B oco6ax o. AHmoHa EecKuiJa
3 TapHaBKH, o. f(y4epu6a 3 CHHeaa ii o. MepeHu
3 AowHa. lxHH npagH ci<.opo siH11a6TbCH HacAi.n;KaMH,
nycTilOTb KOpIIIMH, HapiA TBepe3i6 ra 6a11HTb, igo
HaA pyiHy ,n;oK011ysas ce6e Ta cso6 MaHHO. Ee3ne-
pe11Ho, igo Bci yKpaiHCbKi CBHigeHHKH 6opOAHCb
aaB3H1'o 3 mHHCTBOM, np11Aepmy101111 AeMKiBCbKe Ha
13*
196
CeJl.eHHH rrpH rrpaAiAHOMY o6pHAi Ta CBHTIH Hanmr
eipi H rpeKOKaToAH!JhKiH !JepKei - Ta !JbOMY AHIIIe
Tpe6a rrpurr11caTH Jl.bBHHY igo
He IIOTOHyJl.a B qy.arnx BOAaX I AOCbOrOAHl BAepmaJl.a
eipHO CBOIO B HitIOMY HeaaxeiHHY BiApy6HiCTb Ta
PieHom i J1.eMK_iBcbKa eeJ1.HKa
!JUI roJl.OBHO 3aBAH1IY6 CB06 ICHyeaHHH Ta IIIAHece-
HHH - AO eiH1m. y eeJ1.HKiH: Mipi - Ao6po6yT, 60-
aa oigaAmeHi Teepeao rporni, AeMKO eMiI'paHT 6yAy-
eae e rreprny qepry rapHy gepKoeg10, y 6araTbox.
pa3ax IIYAOBO p03MaJl.bOBaHy Ta o6HJl.bHO BHBiHOBaHy
B gepKOBHi 6orocJ1.yme6Hi KHHIKKH, <l>eAOHH, CB.ffTOtIHe
6orocJ1.yme6He 6iJ1.MI Ta eHyTpirnHfO AOpory o6cTa-
HOBKy .4.11.H . rrpHKJl.aAy AOAa6MO TaKy IIOAifO, igo AO
qepHe ceJ1.o TapHaBKH - P11MaHiBCbKa PyAaBKa, igo
3aJl.CABH tIHCJl.HTb 30 xaT - Ta HK HaIIHCaJl.O AO ceoix
6paTiB e AMep11gi, igo Jl.IOAH 3 PyAaBKH xoIIyTh-
MaTH Ha TapttaBCbKiH A3BiHagi csiH: A3BiH - He AOBro-
2KAaJl.H, 60 cKopo AeMKH PyAaBtiaHH B AMep11gi BiA-
ryKHY Jl.HCH aeJ1.HK010 a6ipK010, 3a HKY 3aKynJ1.eHo
rapHHH BCJl.HKHH Ta rOJl.OCHHH (MH.l\03BYtIHHH) A3BiH.
fpoMaAHHH ceJ1.a PHM. PyAaBKH Ha eeJ1.HKY rraM
1
HTKy,
igo 3 iXHbOro ceJl.a, 3 IIiA ce.l\.ffHCbKOi CTpiXH BH-
HIIIOB Ta cTae CBHigeHHKOM Bnp. o. TeoAop XoM-
KO (AyrnrracT11p10e a Ka.11.bHHQ,i, KOJl.O EaJ1.11ropoAa}
' u '
- 3aKyIIJl.eHHH A3BIH OAepmaa Ha CB. xpeigeHHl IM H
. ,, TeoAop." Orme ge TiAhKH OAHH MaJl.HH npHMip
AeMKiacbKoi igeApOTH Ta BapaaoM TYrH aa piA-
HiM ce.\OM i AOporHMH KapnaTaMH. TaKHX i rro-
Ai6HHX rroAiM: COTKH AeMKiBigHHi - ge 6yAeHHe.
HBHige, IIOAHBY rl.ll;He Ta BIIJl.eTeHe B Jl.eMKiBCbKY'
aaAyrneaHy giHHY i MaM:me HeBHtieprratty KYJl.bTYPY
CMiJ1.o cKameMo, igo J1.eMKiBcbKe ceJ1.o - ge HeBH
qeprraHa KepHH!JH HapOAHhoro 6aragTaa, HK TaKom.
a6ipHHK IIIJl.HXOTHOi, tJJ-iCTOi HapOAHbOi eHeprii, 3,11.0-
1
197
. . "
poBHX HapOAHIX CHA, IJ!O Hl"IO IX He IlOBa.l\HTb.
0AHa1!e 3 orAHAY Ha ge, IJ!O OCTaHHiMH qacaMH Bee-
. .
CBITHH rHApa-a.l\bKOrO.l\b 3HOBY IllAHOCHTb I'O.l\OBY Ta
HapiA B Ae.?.KHX CTOpottax KapnaT noTanaTH Ha11as
' J .
e a./\bKoroAbHIM Mop 10, IJ!O HHIJ!HTb BAOpoe H, 11eCTb,
eHepr'iIO Ta MaHHO .l\IOAeH - B iM' H BiABi1IHOi y1<pa-
Cmapa 4asiHuqa e ceAi MrnaHa, K. 4YKAi,
CTOllTb Bnp. o. KapAO CaAbO i o. n. BecOJ\OBCbKHH.
lHCbKOi npaBAH - xaH: gi PHAKH CTaHyTb AMI giAoro
y1<paiHCbKOro rpoMaAHHCTBa BOrHHHHM Aa./\eKOBKa30M,
J!!O KJ\H1Ie KOiKHIO KYJ\bTYPHY J\IOAHHY AO 6opOTb6H
. 3 Hai:fripIIIHM .l\IOACbKHM eoporoM-a./\bKOro./\eM Ta 3a-
pa30M AO cnoeHeHHH HagioHa./\bHHX o6oe'H3Kie. ToAi
.AeMKiBIJ!HHa, IJ!O ii eiKH pi3b6HJ\H Ta BHpi3b6H.l\H
.... . . '
;s u MOJ\OAe11y AYIIIY 1 xapaKTep y TBepAI 3aMKHeH1,
198
3aTe. neocTi, 11HCTi, Il036as.11.eHi BCHKOi IIOraHi ~ 06.11.y-
AH .11.lHll . - OCTaHe Ha 3aBtKAH He3pyrneHa-g1.11.a.
B Aa.l\bllliH 11ep3i se.11.HKi 3acAyrn AMI AeMKiBI!!HHK
noK.l\aB IBafl llpuc;zoHCbKUil, 3 KaMHHoi (f pH6iB1!!HHa),.
HanHcas KHHIKKY II. 3. ,,CaH,ll;e!J,bKaPycb." (AbBiB 1893),
IBaH Bepxpa4b1CUi1, AeMKo, asTop neprnHx .Hay1w-
BHX 6oTaHi11HHX npagb,
OJieKca TopoHCbKUil, csHl!!eHHK yp. s 3asaAgi
(PHMaHiBI!!HHa) TaKOiK Ham1caa 6e3.11.i11 giHHHX Ha-
y11HHX KHHiKOK, BaiKHirni: ,,AeMKH" B ,, 3opi f a.11.H!Jb
KiH, HK a.l\b60M" (AbBiB 1860), ,,faHgH" nosiCTl>
3 iKHTTH niA6eCK11ACbKOro ceAa, ,,KaTeXH3M," ,,lcTo-
piH 6i6AiHHa" i T. n.
Moaecm I'yMelfbKUi1, 3 ToKapHi (EyKis1!!11Ha), noeT
I IlHCbMeHHHK,
lOJiiHH IleJiezu, enHcKon s CTaH11c.l\asosi, ypo-
AiKeHHH . B CMepeKisgi (f op.11.H111111Ha), ttaiisaiKttirna
iioro npagH ,, Geschichte der Uni on der rutehenishen
Kirche mit Rom" I. i II. T. BiAeHb 1880, ,,KopoTKe
6oroc.11.osie" (Y iKropoA 1890),
BoJIOOUMUp XuJIHJC, cBHI!!eHHK, ypoA. y BeA11Kiii
Bepxostti (Hosocatt,ll;e111111tta), ttai16i.11.blllHH .l\eMKis-
CbKMH m1caTe.11.b (rAHAH AiKepe.11.a i AiTepaTypa),
Memue BH3Ha11tti: <P. JleBUflCbKUil 3 BiAhxisgH (Ko-
poctto), JI.. CaB'iGIC 3 Hosoi BecH, BHAaB ,,36ipHHK
a,ll;MiH. 3aKoHiB" (AbBiB 1893), ,,HoBHH AOporoBHK
3aKoH (Absis 1898), KJIHBiJiH AJieKCOBU'i, ypoAmetta
B Kpacttiii (Kopoctto) ttanHca.11.a AYiKe giKaBi Ta raptti
. . . . .
cgeHI11Hl KHH2Ke11KH 1 OilOBI,ll;aHHH A.11.H M0.1\0,ll;I,
B. HBopcbKUil 3 <lhbopHHKH (f p116iB1!!HHa), AOKTOJ>
MeA. 11AeH 1<paKiscbKoi AKaAeMii HayK, HanHcas.
giHHi HayKoBi Me,ll;H11Hi KHHiKKH,
BoJioiJuMup Il/,aBUHCbJCUil iKypHa.11.icT, poAOM 3 K.11.11M-
KiBKH, (f opAH1111HHa), Ayme n.11.iAHHH IlHCaTe.l\b, samHi -
Illi :Horo npagi ,,Xpel!!eHH PycH" (Absis 1888), ,, Tyra
199
3a POAHHHHM Ce.l\oM", ,,3 HiggH", ,,3 napHCbKOi
BHCTaBKH",
MuKoJZa MaJZUHRK, ceigeHMK poAOM 3 KaMHoi
I
t
~ . ...,
.1
t
I
I
ll,epKBQ 8 )f{tJuHt.
(fpH6ieigHtta), ttanHcae KHMLKKY n. 3. ,,!JepKoe i Aep-
m.aea", Ta Apyri, .
Tum MulllKOBCbKUii., pOAOM 3.0eperpMMKM (.HceAb-
IgMHa) ceigeHMK, npocpecop AP 6orocAoeii Ta ytti-
eepcMTeTy, B qaci eiHHH apelllTOBaHHH Ta BHBe3eHMH
200
Ha Ma,1v1pigHHy, BiATaK AO Cf>acTeHay B 3aAbg6ypKy
.3aBAHKH YKpaiHCbKOMY KoMiTeToei y BiAHi, eepTae
AO Aheoea 1916 p. Ta TYT Aoci .amBe HK rrpoq>ecop
.l\bBiBCbKoro rpeKo-KaTOJl.H!!hKOro AJXOBHoro CeMH
Hapa. HanHcaB 6e3J1.iq HayKOBHX npagh; ea.arnimi:
.. ,,Aei HayKH, HCTHHa 6AHHa," (Abeie 1914), ,,B3rMl.4
CB. loaHa 30J1.0TOJCToro Ha eepXOBHY B./l.aCTb CB.
Arr. CTeTpa" (AhBie 1908), TPH Be./l.HKi TeOAboJ'iqHi
npagi no AaTHHi, ,, Tpe6HHK" (AheiB 1926), Ta HHmi;
.3 rroMim cyirncHHx AeMKie YKpaiHgis LKHBe y AhBoBi:
l(p. MapKiHH JJ,aepoaulf, AiKap i CTpe3H.4eHT KaTo-
AHghKoi AKgii, CHH Apa OJ1.eKcaH4pa A3epoBHtJ:a,
AiKap.a B HoBoMy CaHqi, iH;JIC B. MyiJpaK (,,4HicTep "),
JJ,p. lBaH fu;J1Ca (,,KapnaTn1"), /Opiii flOJLJl.HCbKUii
(P. C. Y. K.), o. AnmiH KammaHJOK, coBiTHHK, I'pu-
zopiii I'aHyJLHK (MapycHH) po40M 30 CHHeea (PH-
MaHiBigHHa) IIHChMeHHHK, iHmeHep f BaH 3y6eHKO
(,,Kip"), B CaM6opi LKHBe, npoifJ. /aaH <PuJLunl.faK
(rAHAH ,,4mepeAa ii AiTepaTypa"), poAOM 3 AimHi
(CaHitJ:tJ:HHa). 6araTo MOAOAHX iAeHHHX AeMKiB LKHBe
no3a AeMKiBigHHOIO.
Cy1aumi 'lepesuKu, 06111nTi 11ceo qepsoeuM wnypKoM.
K anemox. KapAHKis.
(<PoT . .H. <PaAbKOBCKi).
CBITOBA BIHHA
1914-1918 piK.
IfpUIJUHU CBimOBOl BiUHU.
BeAHKa csiTosa siHHa 6yAa BIUIJ\HBOM pi.3HHX no-
AiTHqH11x ycKJ\a,.!(HeHb i 6araTbOX HeBHpiBHHHHX pa-
. .
xyHKIB, flK TaK02K HarrpymeHHX Bl,.!(HOCHH, 1!!0 nOBCTaJ\H
B Esponi rrp11 KiHgi 19. Ta Ha noqaTKY 20. CTOAiT'rH.
Pocifl, IMO Ha npoTfl.3i giAoro 19. siKy HaMaraAacfl
nonrnpHTH H .3aKpin11T11 csoi snAHBH Ha BaAKaH-
CbKOMY nisocTposi H cyci4bHOMY 6AH.3bKOMY Cxo4i
4aJ\a MopaAbHY if MaTepiflAbHY rriATPHMKY cneprny
r epgeroBiHi, a Bi4TaK Cep6ii, 4opHoropi H bo.l\rapii
B iXHbOMY IlOBCTaHHIO npOTH TypegbKOro 3aHMaHgfl
1875. 04Haqe, nicAfl neprnoro 3pH:sy, Typ1<11 rro-
6HAH Cep6is, -a 60Arapi10 nagmpiKysa.1\11 (rrp116opKy-
saAH 8 2KOpCTOKHH cnoci6) TypegbKi BiHCbKa. !Ji
HeqysaHi 3HYl!!aHHfl i mopcToKiCTb TypKiB Aa.l\H np11-
TOKY AO AHilAbOMaTHqHoro BrAflAY esponeHCbKHX
Aepmas, Ta . KOJ\H ge He ysiHqaJ\OCfl ycnixoM, Pocifl
Ha cniAKY 3 PyMyHis10, IMO He4asHo BH.3BOJ\HAaCfl
3 TypegbKOi HeBOAi (KpHMCbKa BiHHa 1853-1856)
BHnosi.l\'11 siiiHy Typeqq11Hi. Typeqq11Ha noKoHaHa
MyciAa 3fOAHTHCfl Ha MHp, 1!!0 iioro ni4rr11caHO B c.
CTe<f>aHo. 04Haqe ToMy, IMO MHposHH AOrosip niA-
q11HflB BaAKaHbKi Kpai BHKAIOqHiH BeAHKOAepmae-
HOCTi Pocii, B g10 cnpasy BMirnaAHCfl gaxiAHbo-espo-
neHcbKi Aepmas11 3 AHrAis10 H AscTpis10 y nposoAi
202
Ta npHMYCHAH PociJO s1.11.11aTH cnpasy KOHI'pecosi
IJ!O si.116ysc.R 1878 p. s BepAiHi (cTOAHgi
HiMet:ft:fHHH). Ha TOMY KOHI'peci BanaAa yxsaAa, IJ!O
Cep6iH, 4opHoropa M: PyMyHi.R cTaJOTb caMOCTiHHHMH
AepmasaMH; aeMAi, IJ!O AemaTh Mim ,4yHaeM i BaAKa-
HaMH TBOp.RTb BoArapcbKe Ktt.R3iBCTBO, .RKoro KH.R3b
yattasaB 3BepxHiCTb cyATaHa. 3 KpaJO Ha IlOAYAHe BiA
BaAKattis cTsopetto aeTOHOMit:fH,Y o6AaCTb, a Boctt.R
H r epgerosiHa AiCTaAHC.R niA aBCTpiM:CbKY 0Kynagi10
(siM:cbKOBHH 3ap.RA). Poci.R MyciAa BAOBOAHTHC.R Ma-
AHMH TepIToprnAbHHMH 3HCKaMH Ha IlOAYAHeBOMY
no6epemmi 4opHoro Mop.R. KoHrpec noAarOAHB 6a-
raTo neKyt:{HX cnpas Ha BaAKaHCbKOMY nisocTposi,
aAe He pilllHB .RK cAiA T. BB. cxiAHhoi 1rnecTii. Botta
AHlllMAac.R HenoAaroAmeHa AO csiTosoi aiHHH M: 6yAa
OAHOJO 3 roAOBHHX npHt:fHH ii BH6yxy. Bci 6aAKaH-
ChKi .11epmas11 cTpeMiAH AO Toro, IJ!06H nolllHPHTH
csoi rpaHHgi, B nepllly qepry - IMO M: CAYlllHO iM
HaAema./\oc.R - KOlllTOM Typgii, a siATaK OAHa KOlll-
TOM Apyroi. BeKHKi esponeM:cbKi AepmasH HaMara-
./\HC.R BHKOpHcTaTH gi BiHHH AA.ff csoix Bil./\HBiB Ha
CxoAi; Ha BaAKaHi CTHpaAH M: nepexpeIMyBa./\HC.R
pi3HI IHTepecH, TOMY M: He AHBo, IMO eKcn.Ab03iJO Toro
niAMiH'osaHoro ,,6a./\KaHCbKoro KiTAa" TaK ./\erKo cnpH-
t:fHHH.l\H cTpiAH cep6CbKoro 3arosipHHKa B Capaesi.
B 1908 p. Bo./\rapi.R nporoAOCMAac.R He3aAemHMM
gicapcTBOM, a 1913 p. Cep6i.R, 4opttoropa M: Eo./\ra-
pi.R, 3aK./\JOt:fHBIIJH COJ03, no6H./\H Typet:ft:fHHy, BHnepAH
ii 3 EsponH, TaK IMO B pyKax TypKis 3a./\HlllHBC.R
TiAhKH BY3bKHM nacoK nisocTposa 3 MicTaMH Kott-
cTaHTHHono./\eM i AApi.RHono.l\eM. AAe sme cAiAyJO-
qoro poKy Mim COJ03HHKaMH AiHlllJ\O AO BiHHH Ha
TAi po3IlOAiAy Ao6yTHX 3eMeAb. Cep6i.R Ta fpe-
gi.R no6HAH BoArapiJO, 3a6ipa10t:fH 6iAhlllicTb A06Ht:fi
AA.ff ce6e.
203
BiA Toro qacy HaHCH.l\bHiigo10 Aepmaeo10 Ha Ba.1\-
KaHCbKOMY nieocTpoei cTa.l\a Cep6iH, HKa cnipaIO'llHCI>
Ha Poci10, cTpeMi.l\a AO Toro, igo6H BiAi6paTH AecTpii
niBAeHHO-CJ\OB' HHCbKi 3eMAi i1 Ao6yTH e gei1 cnoci6
AOCTyn AO CepeA3eMHoro MOpH. Ao eiHHH 3aMa.l\HM
He npHHIII.l\O B 1908 p. a.l\e Ti.l\bKH TOMy, igo PociH
A.11tamopcbKUli I'ypmoK B ce11i Jla6oBa, saAoJKee11ii Bnp. o. CTenaaoM
KopeoeolO Ta iioro APYJKHHOIO.
CeiTAHB jl;p. M. 4sepoeHq.
. -
He CKIH'llH.l\a CBOIX B06HHHX npHrOTOBaHb, cmp Ha
AeHKHH qac BiA.l\0.2KeHO.
Ta KpiM EaAKaHCbKHX 6yAH ige iHIIIi cnpaeH, igo
y Be.l\HKiH Mipi cnpH'llHHH.l\H BH6yx ceiToeoi BiHHH.
TaKOIO npH'llHHOJO 6ye . MiAiTapH3M ApyrHx eepo-
nei:icbKHX .L(epmae, igo 6ye 3BH'llaHHHM HaC.l\iAKOM
yeeAeHHH gara.l\bHO 06oe'H3y10qoi eiHcbKOBoi cAyLK-
6H Ta TicHo 3 HHM noAy'lleHHH iMnepiHAi3M. IAea
204
"a6pOHHOro MHpy" Myci.l\a npHBeCTH HeB6.l\araHy KO-
Het.IHiCTb BiHHH, 60-LK AepmaBH, MaJOqH Be.l\HKi apMi"i,
MyciAH BLKHTH ix AMI ceoix giAeH i AMI BHpiwyeaHHH
no ceoiH AYM!!i MimHagioHaAbHHX cnopie. A THX cno-
pie i HenopoayMiHb npHHOCHB KOLKHiH .piK 6i.l\b1Ile.
CTepwaaece HiMeqqnHa, l!!,O nic.l\H poarpoMy <PpaH-
gii B 1870 p. BHcyHyAaCH Ha qo.l\o eeponeHCbKHX
poaeneaAac TaK cKopo niA
Ta IlO.l\lTHqHHM Or.l\.RAOM, l!!,O BKOpOT!,!l aaqaJ\a BlA-
qyeaTH TiciioTy B ceoix AepmaBHHX KOpAOHax. BHacAi-
AOK HeaeHqaif.Ho eeAHKoro npHpocTy Hace.l\eHH.R, BOHa
siA1.1ysaAa noTpe6y HOBHX KOJ\bOHiaagiifHHX Tepeuie,
a ge cTa.l\o npHqHHOIO ocAaBAeHoro ,, Drang nach'
Osten" (HacTyn lfa cxiA), l!!,06 BHAepTH Pocii BiA-
noBiAHi npocTopH. HiMgi cTpeMi.1\11 AO ghoro, l!!,06
Ao6yTH nepesary y ceiToeiH noAiTngi Ta BHCKaTH
.SMory 3.1\yqHTH i a' 6AHOqHTH ceoi aaMopCbKi KOJ\bOHii
"B OAHY giAiCTh, a l!!,e_ ae.l\HKHH
npOMHC.l\Y aacTaB.l\HB IX myKaTH HOBOI, Heaa.l\eLKHOl
BiA iHIIlHX AepLKaB AOporH Ha cxiA. 3picT HiMe!,!bKOi
AepmaeH He 6ys ua pyKy AHI'Aii, 60 HiMe!!bKa Top-
roB.l\H BHilHpa.Aa i'i ai CBiTOBHX pHHKiB, a HiMe!JbKa,
JgO apocTa.l\a B ma.l\eHoMy TeMni, aarpomysaAa 'ii
naHyBaHHIO Ha MOplO.
<PpaHgi CTapaAac aa BCHKY gitty BiAi6paTH Hi-
Me1.11.1HHi aarap6aHi iH B 1870 p. aeMAi, AhoTapHHI'i10
Ta AAhaagi10, Ae HaXOAH.l\HC.R BeJ\HKi noKAaAH eyrMI
Ta aaAiaHoi PYAH. <PpaHgyabKHH HapiA Ta yp.RA na-
.Aaa ma,z\06010 BiAnAarrH aa CeAaH.
Poci, l!!,O ii HaBHBaAH "eeAHKaHoM ua I'J\HHHHHX
Horax", npocTopoM Hal16iAbIIla esponeH:cbKa Aepma-
sa, npH CBOMY 136 MiJ\bHOHOBOMY HaceJ\eHHIO He
Ma.l\a cso6iAHoro AOCTyny AO caiToBHX oKeaHiB. Ha
EaATiHcbKOMY Mopi naHyaaAa Waegi i AaHiH, KAJOq
AO YopHoro Mop AepmaAa B ceoix py1<ax Typeq-
205
tJHHa, a Ha no6epemmHx THxoro 01<eaHy, nic.l\H
1905 p. cTaHy.11.a TBep4010 Horo10 .HnoHiH. CTi4
THCKOM !JHX 30BHiWHHX o6cTaBHH, PociH Myci.11.a cTa-
HYTH Ha n.l\HTcpopMi AaBHoi no.11.iTHKH gapH CTeTpa
Be.l\HKoro, f!!O Ka3a.l\a iH nQCTaBHTH TpboxpaMeHHHH
xpecT Ha CocpiHCbKOMY Co6opi a KoHcTaHTHHonoAi.
/IeM.KiBCbf<i oaRZU B Myaei' ,,AeMKiBigHHa" B C11aogi.
He 6e3 emrney Ha 11 3aKopAOHHIO no.11.iTHKY 6yAo
f!!C H: ge, f!!O ycT6 piKH BHCAH Haxo4u.11.ocH a Hi-
MC!JbKHx py1<ax.
Ao 3araAbHoi rpH AOCTpo10ea.l\aCH ITa.11.i.a, f!!O cTpe-
Mi.l\a AO Toro, f!!06 BHnepTH AacTpi10 3 AApincbKoro
MopH Ta 3aHHTH no.11.y4HeBHH THpo.11.h, 3aMew1<aAHH
iTa.l\iH:CbKHM HapOAOM . .
206
B KpyroeopoTI THX yc1x cynepetIHHX iHTepecis
KpH.11.HCH gapOAKH CBiTOBOI xypTOBHHH, igo npOAOB2K
qoTHpbOX JI.IT rnaAi.11.a Ha eeponeHCbKOMY cyxoAOAi,
a BiATaK MaHme Ha giAiH 3eMCbKiH Ky.11.i, igo 36yp11.11.a
no.11.iTHtIHHH ycTpiii ceiTa ii nomep.11.a 3 ropoio 14
MiAbHOHiB M0.11.0AHX i 3AOpOBHX .11.IOAeH.
,4JZ.R 28. lf.epBHfl 1914 p.,1) KOAH y Ahsoei siA6y
BaBCH BeJ\H'IaBHH citIOBO-COKiAbCbKHH 3ABHr, po3-
Hec.11.acH sicTKa, igo B Capaeei AOKOHaHo aTeHTaTy
Ha aBCTpo-yropCbKOfO npeCTOJ\OHacAiAHHKa ct>paHg
- Cf>epAHHaHAa i iioro miHKy, - cep6cbKHM garo-
eipHHKOM faspi.11.eM OpiHginoM. Ha AeHb 28. qepBH.H
npHnaAa.11.H poKOBHHH po3rpoMy cep6CbKHX BiHCbK
Ha KocoeoMy Oo.11.i, igo Ha AOBri poKH np1metiaTaB
ynaAOK cep6CbKOi Aepmas11, BiAAaIOtIH ii Ha noTa.11.y
TypegbKOro Hai3HHKa. !Jeii AeHb BH6pae ct>epAHHaHA
Ha rocnrny B EocHiHCbKIH CTOA11gi, Capaeei, KYAH
BHixaB, igo6 o6irnTH KOMaHAY' HaA Be.11.HKHMH Ma-
M OM
HespaM11 aecTpo-yropcbKOI apMn.
"OAHe ii Apyre, AaTa ii Micge rocTHHH Ma./\11 B co6i
igoch 3 npoeoKagiii cep6CJ:>KHX noqy-
BaHb i AepmaBHH!!bKHX aM6igiiiic, 60-m EocH.H ii f ep-
ger'oeiHa, 6y.11.a KiCTIO He3rOAH Mim AecTpieio ii Cep-
6ie10. Cf>paHg-Cf>epAHHaHA 3HexTyeaB BCHKi OCToporn
.11.IOAeH, igo BiApaAmysaAH HOMY TYAH ixaTH -- ii no-
ixae, igo6 HaHTH TaM CBOIO CMepTb.
B neprnili xe11.11.i ,,3Aaea,.11.ocH, igo capaeBCbKHH
. . .
aTeHTaT, IIIA II0.11.ITHlIHHM or .11..HAOM, 3a.11.HlllHTbC.H em-
30AOM 6e3 r.11.116rnoi A.11.e cTaAOC.H HHaKrne.
,,Oo.11.iTHtIHHH BiAeHb, 3i cTap11M gicapeM Ha 1l.OAi,
xoq i He 3BopyUIHBC.H capa6BCbKOIO Tpar'6Ai6IO, aAe
BHKOpHCTaB ii, .HK rac.11.0, AO OCTaTOtIHoro po3pa-
.xyHKY 3 Cep6ieioic.
') M. foAy6eyb: BeAHKa lcTOpill YKpai'eH. Absis 1935 p.
207
Bu6yx cBimoBol Bi(mu.
3a6eaneqHBUJH co6i ni,ii;TpHMKY EepAiHy - T06To
HiMeqqHHH, B TOMY ,ii;iAi ,,aHm:geHHH Cep6ii, HK rHiaHa
" " u
BeAHKopychKOI nponaraH,ii;H - aecTpo-yropcbKHH
Ka6iHeT MiHicTpiB piIIIHB Ha aaci4aHHHX B AHHX 7.
i 14. AHilHH 1914 p. BHC.l\aTH Cep6ii ceoi AOMaraHHH
- JAbTiMaT, B ,ii;ym.e rocTpii:i cpopMi. Cep6in ei4no-
eiAa Ha iioro npHMHp101oqe, arOAHRUJHCb Ha sci 40-
MaraHHH,, aa 4onyi:geHHH aBCTpo-yropCbKHX
ypn4oegrn 40 CJ\IACTBa.
Ami 25 AHilHH AecTp;H aipeaAa MU1.l\bOMaTHqHi
saasMHHH ai Cep6i10 Ta aapHAHAa Mo6iAiaagi10 II. V.
i VI. apMii ni4 npoBO,l\OM I'eHepaAa noTbopeKa. AHH
28. AHilHH 1914 p. AecTpo-yropi:gHHa BHnoeiAa Cep-
6ii eiiiHy, a B cAiA aa !JHM HiMeqqHHa BHnoeiAa eiiiHy
Pocii AHH 1., a <l>paHgii 3. 3a HiMeqqHHOIO
eunoeiAa eiiiHy THM KpaSIM i AecTpin. AHr AiH, e6i-
pa10qHcb y Tory o6opOH!JH 3HaCH.l\OBaHoi HeBTpaAb
HOCTH EeAbl'ii, KJAH eMaUIHpyea.l\H HiMe!JbKi eiiicbKa,
BHnoeiAa HiMeqqHHi eiiiHy AHH 4. cepnHH, a aa He10
23. cepnHH niIII.l\a 51noHiH, i:go ra4aAa aaropHJTH
HiMe!JbKi nociAOCTH Ha AaAeKoMy Cxo4i. .
B TOH cnoci6 aanyTa.l\acH eiiiHa, i:go e Hiii cTaHyAo
npOTH ce6e 31. 4epm.ae 3 70 Mi.l\bHOHOBOlO apMi6IO.
no CTopoHi ocepeAHix Aepmae - AecTpii H Hi-
MeqqHHH CTaHyAa TypeqqHHa 11 EoArapiH. Tat<. 3BaHy
,,1<oaAigi10" TeOpHAH: <l>paHgiH, PociH, AHi' Ain, EeAb
riH, Cep6in, 4opHoropa, 51noHiH, haAiH, PyMyHiH,
3.11.yqeHi Aepm.aeH OisH. AMepHKH, KHTaii, f pegiR,
CTopTyra.11.in ii aMepHKaHCbKi peny6AHKH. 3 eep<;>neii-
CbKHX 4epm.ae HeBTpa.11.bHHMH aa.11.HIIIH.l\HCH Tl.l\bKH
WeegiH, Hopeerin, AaHiH, WeaiigapiH, r 0.1\HH.ll;iH
ii filllnaHiH.
B116yx csiToeoi aac1<oqHe y1<paiHChKe rpo-
208
Ma,VIHCTBO Henp11rOTOBaHHM - O,ltHaKOBO ni.it pocHi:-
CbKHM Ta aecTpili:cbKHM 3aHMaHgeM. Kpyr yKpaiH-
CbKHX IlHCbMeHHHKIB Ta eqeHHX, igo rypTyeaBCH
,ltOBKOJ\a yKpaiHCbKOro mypHaJ\ y "CJ\OBO" B neTep-
6ypai nocniIIIHBCH 3 H3,ltTO J\bOHJ\bHOlO 3a.ffBOIO,
cnpHMOBaHOIO .ito pociHcbKoro ypH.ity; aJ\e ge He
BpHTyBaJ\O y KpaiHH nepe.it MOCKOBCbKOlO HariHK010;
HaenaKH - eopome HacTaBAeHHH MocKaAie ,ito ecero,
igo yKpaiHCbKe, H3HIIIJ\O ceii:i: HaHKpaigHH BHCJ\iB y
CJ\OBax pociHCbKOro MiHicTpa BHyTpiIIIHHX cnpae,
Ca3aHoea, HKHH 3a.ffBHB, igo ,, Tenep npHHIIIJ\a HaH-
Kpaiga nopa, igo611 pa3 Ha ace cKiJiqHTH 3 yKpa
iHCTBOM."
Ha r clAH!JbKiM I'pyHTi He 6paKyeaJ\O nepIIIHX npo-
6AecKiB 3p03yMiHHH, igo Ti.l\bKH BnpaeAeHHH ni.it
OrJ\H,ltOM HaHKpaigoro BiHCbKOBoro BHIIIKOJ\eHH.ff Ta
IlOJ\iTHqHQ BHXOBaHHH 3araJ\ 3MOLKe BHKOpHCTaTH HK-
CJ\i.it eary XBHAi. AAe i.iteH 3 6 ~ o H : H o r o q11Hy noAo-
HHJ\a cepgH BHKJ\IOqHo M0.1\0,ltl, a CTapIIIe rpoMa-
,ltHHCTBO BKJ\IOqHo 3 napAHMeHTapHHMH npe,itCT3BHH-
K3MH, 3aHHTe HOBOIO BH6opqo10 pe<J>opMolO, cnpa-
BOIO IlO,itiAy f aJ\IfqHHH Ha .itBi aBTOHOMiqHj qaCTHHH
- .
Ta CTapaHH.ffM 3a OCHOBaHH.ff yKpaIHCbKOro yHrnepcH-
TeTy y Abeoei, CTaeHJ\OC.ff ,ito 3a.itYMiB i noq11HaHb
MOJ\O,itHx J\IO,iteH: 6ali.ityme i 3 neeHoro po.ita no6AatKAH-
eicTIO, ,itHBJ\.ffqHcb Ha ,,!JIO 3a6aey a eoli:Hy," HK Ha
HCIIIKi,ltJ\HBY piq,
Ta KOJ\H B 6epe3Hi 1913 p. no ,itOBrHx 3axo,1tax
e,itaJ\OC.R epeIIITi 3a.l\OLKHTH y Abeoei CTpiAe!JbKe
Toeap11cTeo, MOAo.itb" ropHyAacH ,ito Tisi opraHi3agii
gi.l\OlO ,ityIIIeIO, 6aqyq11 MOlKHiCTb nepeee,iteHH.SI B qnH
ceoix HaMipie. Ha Kali:3epea.l\b,iti (y Abeoei) ei.it6y-
Ba.l\HC.H MaHeBpH Ta BiHCbKOBi snpaBH, M0.1\0,ltb, ne-
. .
pe,1tyc1M CTy,iteHCbKa, CTapaAaC.R - xoq TeOpHTHqHQ
Ha6paTH eiHCbKoeoro 3HaHHH. Ha ni,itqepKHeHH.R 3a-
209
igo HaCTpOSHe 6y.l\o
TOAlllIHe .l\bBlBCbKe 2KIHO!J,TBO, HKe Ha copoM My-
2KCCbKOMY no.l\y, 6i.l\blll BiA Hboro poayMi.l\o KOHe
1
miCTb
6ossoro BHXOBaHHH; 2KiHO!J,TBO ai6paHe Ha CXOAHHax
B AHi 14. rpyAHH 1912 p. s116pa.l\o B11K0Hy101111ii
.?KiH01111ii KoMiTeT,. igo Ki.l\hKa asep'faBcH AO
rpoMaAHHCTBa 3 B1A03BOIO, a HaBITb aaK.l\HKaB AO
,,3611paHHH cpoHAY A.l\H o6opoHH npas YKpaiHH."
3 Be.l\HKOIO IlOBaroIO Ta riAHiCTIO yKpaiHCbKe mi-
HO!J,TBO niAtiepKHY.l\O, igo BOHO Ha BHIIaAOK BiHHH
a Pocie10 3BepTaT11Me HacTpoi Mac
a.l\e .l\Hllle TaK AOBrO ,,HK AOBro 11 lHTepecH 3rIAHl
a iHTepecaMH ii HagioHa.l\bHOIO riAHicTIO yKpaiHCbKoro
HapoAy." Ta npoTe cTapllle rpoMaAHHCTBO, xo11 HK
3 npH3HpCTBOM CTaBH.l\OCH AO BCHKHX B06HHHX no-
IJHHaHb, He aaJ\o2KHJ\o pyK s MOMeHT, KOJ\H cTa.l\o
HCHO, igo BiHHa He MHHy11a.
AH 1. cepnHH 1914 p. noscTae y Absosi fo-
.1\0BHa YKpa'iHChKa PaAa - sceyKpaiHCbKHH nap.l\H-
MeHT i eK3eKyTHBa, igo B3H.l\a Ha ce6e IlOK.l\HKaHHH
AO 2KHTTH Y KpaiHCbKoi Ao6poso.l\btJoi ApMii. OepUia
CTpiAegbKa COTHH aoprauiaysa.l\aCH niA npoBOAOM
cT. I. 4Mo.l\H ra AHH 5. cepnHH 1914 p. s11pyUIH.l\a
AO faie. Ilo iHIIIHX MiCTaX fa.l\HIJHHH IlOBCTa.l\H IlO-
BiTOBi geHTpH, IJ!O aaHMa.l\HCH sep6yHKOBOIO aKgieIO.
KomuiH nosiToBHH KoMiTeT CK.l\aAaBCH a 'S 11.1\enis
i Mas BiMi.I\ 4epsouoro XpecTa.
AAe MO.l\OAiH yKpaiuchKiH cTpi.l\egbKiH apMii AOBe-
.1\0Cb Ha K02KHbOMY Kpogi 3MaraTHCH 3 nepenoHaMH,
lJ!O ix po6H.l\H BCHKi eoporH yKpa'iHCbKOro J!)yxy.
OepeAyciM 60.1\IOIJe AaBaBCH BiAllYTH 6paK BiAilO-
BiAHOi a6pyi, MYHAypis Ta rpoUiesHx aaco6is. CTpiAhQ,i
. . . . "
OAepma.l\H CTap1 ueymHBaHI KplCH ,,BepHAJ\l, a Ha
cpiHaHcysaHHH yKpaiHCbKoi A06pos0Ab11oi apMii np11-
aHa1111s ascTp. ypHA SO THCHll KopoH, TOAi, HK
J . .,ocTposaea lcTopill flexiBll!HBH 14
210
J\bBiBCbKHH MaricTpaT npH3Ha11HB Ha opI'aHi3agiIO
IlOJ\bCbKOro J\Ell'iMOHY niBTopa MiAbMOHa aBCTp. KOpOH.
T11M11acoM Ha cxi4HbOMY cppoHTi ABcTpiH nottecAa
HeB4a11i. !Je A03BOJ\HJ\O npoTHBHHKaM
yKpalHCbKOro pyxy 3a11aTH HarIHKY Ha ,,pycbKY
3pa4y." A104gi, JMO aarpomeHi cygiJ\bHHM yKpaiHCbKHM
pyxoM, non11paJ\H HK Moro npOTHBary MOCKBOCf>iJ\iB
i rycTOllaCTO, JM06 po36HTH 3,<tOpOBHM yKpaiHCbKHM
opraHi3M, CTaBaJ\H B ixHiM o6opoHi Ta AaBahH iM
aaXHCT' - BHKOpHCTaJ\H Tenep IlOJ\OLKeHHH B geM
cnoci6, JMO ,,BiAilOBi,<taJ\bHiCTb aa nepeABOEiHHi 3aTii
MOCKBOCf>iJ\iB p03THrHy J\H Ha giJ\HM yKpaiHCbKHM HapiA
6e3 pimHHgi nap'TiMHOi npHHaJ\eLKHOCTH Ta IlOJ\iTHllHHX
nepeKoHaHb," 06B11Hyaa11y101111 Moro nepe4 aBcTpiM
CbKHM ypHAOM o umioHamy Ha KOpHCTb Pocii. ,,Bo-
porH Harnoro Hapo4y He 3.maxttyJ\HCH nepeA HaM-
. . . . .
HlKlleMHlJMOIO npOBOKa!JIEilO 1 3 11HCTHM cepgeM l
cyMJ\iHHHM CJ\aJ\H COTHi M THCHlli Harnoro HapoAy
Ha rn116eH11gi H CTOKpaTb riprni BiA CMepTH MOpahbHi
i cpi3H11Hi MYKH no TIOpMax i KOHgeHTpagiMHHX Ta-
6opax" (M. foAy6e!!b.)
PociMCbKe BiMChKO ni4 npoBOAOM KH. H11KoJ\aH
HHKOJ\a6BH11a nocyBaJ\OCH 11HMpa3 AaAblIIe B r aAH-
llHHy, . a aBCTpiHChKa apMiH IlOAaBaJ\aCH Ha 3a3,<taAe-
riAh np11roT0BaHi CTaHOBHJ:Ma B KapnaTax.
PaHKOM 30. cepnHH 1914 p. BHixaAH CTpiAhgi ai
AhBOBa AO CTpHH, a AHH 3. BepecHH MocKaAi 3a-
HHJ\H AhBiB. Ha paAOJ:Max BHTaB CTpHM YKpaiHcbKe
CTpiJ\egTso; CTpHMChKe rpoMaAHHCTBO BHTaJ\O Moro
HK HagioHa.l\bHe yKpaiHCbKe BiHChKO, JMO ,,KpicaMH
ii 6aI'HeTaMH no11He n11caTH HoBy cTopiHKY lcTopii
YKpaiHH. AJ\e CTpHMChKa aBcTpoyropcbKa BiMChKOBa
KOMaHAa Bopomo BiAHecJ\ach AO Y KpaiHCbKoro CTpi-
AegTsa - 06Memy101111 A06pOBO.l\h!,!iB AO nABOX TH-
CH11 iHTeAiI'eHTHHX Ta riAHHx ,<tosipH J\IOAeM." HaKa3
211
BHKOHaHo s geH: cnoci6, igo s p.RAax CTpiAe!JTBa
aa.l\HWH.l\HC.R nepesaiKHt, igo noxO,llH.l\H 3 OKO.l\H!Jb
aaH.RTHx M:ocKa.l\.RMH H: He Ma.l\H KYAH sepTaTH.
AH.ff 4. sepecH.R CTpiAhgia aasaI'oHoBaHo Ta Hiq1110
5. sepecH.R onHHH.l\HC.R BOHH Ha cTagii CTpa6illeso-
r opOH,lla - no TaMTOMY 6ogi KapnaT, 13 KM. Ha
niBAeHHHH aaxiA siA M:yKaqesa, ,Ile aaK.l\a,lleHo rrep-
IllHH Kim YKpaiHCbKOro Cillosoro CTpiAe!JTBa.
3paay TBopHAH CTpiAh!Ji TpH, HeocpopMAeHi siA-
AiAH asaHi ,, KypiH.RMH," a.l\e igoH:Ho 7. sepecH.R yTso-
peHo 3 ,ll06pOBO.l\bllOi MaCH ,lleC.RTb noxiAHix COTeHb,
ce6TO ABa i rris KypiH.R.
KoMaHAY I. KypiH.R a COTHHKaMH AiAywKa, Ay-
AHHChKoro, fipH.RKa H: EyABHHOBChKoro AopyqeHo
Ap. M:HxaH:.l\oai Bo.l\OWHHosi, aABOKaTosi ai Ahsosa.
KoMaHAY II. KypiH.R ai COTHRMH r opyKa, CeMe-
HIOKa, EapaHa H EyKillOBaHoro BiAAaHo r pHgesi
KoccaKosi a EepemaHigHHH.
BpewTi aas'.RaoK III. KypiH.R a coTHRMH PomaH-
KiscbKoro H: BiTOBChKoro BiMaHo Ap. CTerraHosi
illyxeBHllesi, aABOKaTosi ai Ahsosa.
B AH.Rx 8-11 sepecH.R 1914 p. samHBC.R niA Abso-
BOM Be.l\HKHH 6iH: ascTpo-yropcbKHX BiHCbK 3 M:ocKa-
.1\.RMH. KoMaHAa ascTpiH:cbKHX siH:cbK MyciAa BiAcTy-
nHTH Ta piWH.l\aC.R 6opoHHTH rriBAH.R MOHapxii rpe-
6eHeM KaprraTCbKHX sepxiB. no fa.l\HlJHHi poai.1\.1\.R.l\aC.R
rrosiHh MOCKOBCbKHX siHChK, .l\HW TiAhKH OepeMHW.l\b
CTO.RB He3,llo6yTHH, MOB. OCTpis Ta s4epmaBC.R rriA
rrpoBOAOM I'eH. KycMaHeKa am AO 22. 6epeaH.R 1915
p., BMyweHHH spelllTi BHacAiAOK BHlleprraHH.ff MyHigii
. .
Ta xapxrn 3,llaTHC.ff, rrpOTHBHHKOBI.
BAaAa aallHHH.l\a AyxosHy CeMHHapi10 B OepeMHWAi,
HaKa3a.l\a poaixaTHCb nHTOM!J.RM 6orOC.l\OBaM Ta 6a-
raTbOX iHTepHysa.l\a no piaHHX AaAeKHX Ta6opax.
B 1914 p. YKpaiHgi B fa.l\Ht.IHHi, Ha BAacHiH: wKipi
14*
12
BiAtIJAH ,,6AaroAaTb MOCK08CbKoro naHy8aHH.R. Mo-
cKaAi rpoMHJ\H 8Ce, J!!O yKpaiHcbKe. HHJ!!HAH 8Ci
yKpaiHCbKi KHH.IKKH Ta HaeiTb MJ3HtIHi HOTH - 3 yKpa-
iHCbKHM TeKCTOM. 3aMKHJJ\H 8Ci yKpaiHCbKi IlIKOJ\H,
T08apHCT8a H: iHCTHTygi'i, 3a6opoHHJ\H 8HAa8aTH
yKpaiHCbKi qaconucu, nporHa.l\H yKpaiHCbKY M08Y
3 6y6AHtIHOI'O J.tKHTKy, a Ha8iTb rpeKo-KaTOJ\HJ;.!bKHX.
gepK08 He J!!aAHJ\H, J\Hllle CHJ\010 MiH.RJ\H ix Ha npa-
80CJ\a8Hi. ToAi 8H8e3eHo Ha Cu6ip M11TponoAHTa
Kup AHApe.R WenTHJ:.!bKoro Ta THCRtii yKpaiHCbKOi
iHTeAir'eHgii H: ce.l\.RH.
TuMtiacoM yKpaiHCbKe cTpiAeJ:.!T80 83.RJ\OC.R, 3 nep-
11Ioro AHR no6yTy 8 KOilli, AO 8Ilpa8 i 8HllIKOJ\Y 3a
6paKOM niACTapllIHH 8npa8aMH np080AHAH CTapllIHHH.
Ta ~ a 8npa8H He CT?AO .HaeiT? cTiAhKH qac.f, J!!06
.RKCJ\IA Ha8tIHTH CTpIAbJ:.!18 3M1p.RTHCH AO J;.!1.1\H Ta
8HCTpiAHTH 3 Kpica. Bme 10. sepecH.R 1914 p., OT.tKe
8 IlHTb AHiB IllCJ\.R npHiaAy AO f opOHAa-CTpa6Htie8a,.
nep11Ia cTpiAeJ:.!bKa COTHH niA rrpo80AOM BacHAR Ai-
AYilIKa 8HpJI1IHJ\a Ha cppoHT. no AOpo3i YMYHAypo-
8aHo CTpiAhJ:.!i8 8 cTapi roHBeAChKi OAHOCTpoi. BoHH
Hlll.l\H Ha cppoHT 6e3 0603y, 6e3 KyxoHb Ta 6e3 KO-
HetIHoro caHiTapHoro npHAa.llA.R. CoTH.R cnHHHAaCb
y BHmHix BepeJ!!Kax, a 8iATaK rrepe8eAeHo ii AO
fycHoro, Ae 80Ha MaAa 8HCTa8A.RTH IIOAe8iCTopomi
Ta Ayq6o8i cTemi.
CAiAOM 3a ,,AiAYI11Ki8J:.!HMH" 8HpJI1IHAa AH.ff 17.
8epecH.R 1914 p. coTHH Oc11na CeMeH10Ka, J!!O 3a-
pa3me 8 Y .tKOJ:.!bKOMY rrpo8aAi Mim CHHKaMH H: BoAo--
caTHM AHR 25. eepeCH.R rrpHH.RJ\a "80I'He8HH xpecT."
CoTH.R HllIAa AO 6010 He AHill, 10 HeAOCTaTotIHO
OAiTa H: 3.1\e y36poeHa, aAe H: roAOAHa; CTpiAhJ:.!i .tKH-
BHAHCb netieHOlO 6yAb6010, .RKOI Ha OAHOI'O 8HilaJ\O
am TpH, xoq aBCTpiHCbKi Mar'aaHHH 6yAH rrepen08HeHi
8C.RKHM A06poM. Ta rrpoTe yKpaiHchKe cTpiAeJ:.!T8o,.
213
noeHe 6oeeoro aanaAy, OKpHAeHe Ha,AieIO ceiT.l\HHoro
Maii6yTHbOro, nepeKoHaHe npo ge, l!!,O C.l\YLKHTb
cnpaei BH3BO.l\eHHH YKpaiHH, 3,ll,aBa.l\o ceiH neplllHH
PiK 1919, B wci J11ocmpau,ii' Ko1ujJinoBaHux 00. BaculliRH
y HosoMy CaH'li.
CTOJITb s.11.i sa, s ropH: Bnp. o. AyynK, o. 0Hylj>pHi raASeBH'I, EKcyeAeeyi11
KHp YlocacJ>aT KoyHJ\OBCbKHH, o. MapTHHIOK Ta o. nywKapcbKHHj CTOJITb
s 6oKiB SAiaa: Bnp. o. naHb'IHWHH, snpaaa o. Ka.11.HHeyb. C11AJ1Tb s.11.iea:
Bnp. 0 . 3araiiicbKHH, o. KoaBJ\IOK. TB o. mHA8B.
CaiT.11.aa 4P M. AseposH'I.
1cnHT 6oeeoi sp1.l\OCTH .Ayme ,Ao6pe. AAe TyTme
aecTpo-yropcbKa BiHCbKOBa KOMaH,ll,a 3aTiHJ\a IlOMHC.I\
no,Ai.l\HTH CTpiAbJ:!iB no Ta BLKHTH ix AO
214
napTH3aHCbKOllmiHoHCbKOi aKgii Ha 3a21.ax BOpom.oi
apMii. Xol.J 11J\HH 6yB 11pHMO 6omeBiAbHHH, BLKe AHH
'26. BepeCHH p03J\eTiJ\HCH ,,ABa!JHTKaMH" COTBi r opyKa,
BiToBCbKoro, EyABHHOBCbKoro, fipHHKa i EapaHa. A.l\e
. . . .
BLKe KlJ\bKa AHIB II13Hlll1e BHI<a3a.l\OCH, 1!!0 11epeBeAeHH.SI
11Mrny 6 He3AiHCHHMe H CTpiAhgi DOBepHyJ\11 AO
KaApH. CTic.l\H Toro po3KHHeHo cTpiAe!JbKi coTHi 110
1100AHHOKHX r'pynax aBcTpiHcbKO'i apMii B KapnaTax.
Eoi cTpi.l\e!JbKHX coTeHb niA C11HeBiACbKOM, Ha ropi
KAIOlI Ta KoMapHH!JbI<i BBiHtia.l\HCH 6AHCKYlIHMH no-
6iAaMH Ta 11 ge He Ma.l\o BDJ\HBY Ha 3ara.l\bHe no-
J\OLKeHHH i o6cTaBHHH, cepeA SIKHX HaXOAHJ\OCH
cTp1.l\egTBO.
B AHHX 7. i 8. J\HCTOD8A8 CTpi.l\bgi DOA8J\HCH AO
<t>eAigiHHTa.l\IO 11 AHHa6epr'y, Ae niC.l\H CTHrHeHHH 110-
0AHHOKHX coTeHb 11 11epeopr'aHi3osaHHH ix B rreprn11x
AHHX rpyAHH, 11p11Ai.l\eHo KypiHb Wyxes11qa AO 130., a
KypiHb KoccaKa AO 129. 6p11r'aAH aBcTpiiicbKHX BiHCbK.
Hal16i.llbll1e repolicbKHM D O A B ~ f f O M YKpaiHCbKoro
CTpiAe!JTBa 6y.l\11 6oi Ba ropy MaKisKy, Ha aoAyAHe
siA CKOJ\boro - (SoiiKiBcbKi KapnaT11). Ha 1101IaTKY
6epe3HH 1915 p. nepeBeAeHo gi.1\1111 Aer'ioH, KpiM
COTHi r YTKOBCbKOro, B 3a11ac 130. 6pHr'aAH. Eepe3eHb
i KBiTeHb MHHY.l\H cnoKiHHO. IJJoHHO KOJ\O 24. KBiTHH
HiMgi e11nepA11 MocKaAiB 3 OcTporo Bepxy; BOHH
niCJ\H HeBAatIHix c11po6 BiA6HTH BTpatieHi fl03Hgii,
noee.l\H HacTyn Ha ropy Ma1<is1<y, 4e CTOHJ\a 130.
6p11r'aAa, 1!!0611 MaTH 3MOry J\erqe Ai6pgTHCH AO Hi-
Me!JbKHX CTaHOBHI!!. AJ\H Ao6yTTH MaKiBKH Moc-
. .
KOBCbKe KOMaHAyBaHHH KHHYJ\O Kl.l\bKa DOJ\KIB Ta
6araTo apTHAepii. AAe po3Max pocilicbKOro HacTyny
po36HBCH 06 cTpiAe!JbKY 3a11opy. Kp11eaei 6oi Hlli.l\H
B HOili 3 28. Ha 29. KBiTHH, BiATaK 30. KBiTHH, a
HaH3aB3HTirn111i 6ili aa MaKiBKY poanoqascH 1. TpasHH.
CTicAH KiJ\bKa rOAHHHoi rapMaTHboi niArOTOBKH, py-
215
IIIHJ\H AO HacTyny pociHCbKi He3J\iqHMi 3arOHH, a.l\e
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3a !!I-0 repOHCbKY o6opoHy' igo KOIIITyBa.l\a yKpa-
iHCbKe CTpiAegTBO 42 y6HTHX i 76 paHeHHX, AH.ff 2.
TpaBH.ff KOMaHAa 55. AHBi3ii B AeHHbOMY npHKa3i BH-
CJ\OBH.l\a Y. C. C. BfIOBHi 3acAyLKeHe npH3HaHH.ff.
BpeIIITi Moc1<aA.HM BAaAOC.H 3axonHTH MaKiBKy,
aAe ge He npHHecAo nonpaBH ixHhoro noAomeHH.H,
60 caMe B TOH qac HiMgi, nicA.H AOBrHx i KpHBaBHX
6oiB niA f opAHg.HMH Ii TapHOBOM npopBa.l\H MOCKOB-
CbKHH <J>pOHT, a ge 3MYCHJ\O MOCKOBCbI<Y apMiI-O BiA-
cTynaTH 6e3 601-0 3 KapnaT. 3' SAHHeHa HiMegbKa
apMi.H 3 aBCTpiHcbKOI-0 -- TOMY TaK CHJ\bHO HanHpaAa
Ha MOCKOBCbKY apMiI-O, 60 ii HeAOCTaBa.11.o BLKe TOAi
BiArIOBiAHHX ponHHX naAbHH:C 6eH3HHH
Ta ApyrHx ponHHX npoAyKTIB, igo IX BLKHBaI-OTb y
BOSHHiH TexHigi Ta igo ix Ao6yaa./l.H ro.11.0BHO y niA-
HiLKLKH giJrnx 3axiAHix KapnaT - BiA AyHaHg.H - am
no EopHcAaa i Aporo6Hq, .H1<igo pocilicbKa Haqa.11.bHa
KOMaHAa 6y.l\a TOAi 3HaAa, igo HiMegbKi BOSHHi Ma-
IIIHHH Ii AiTaKH He MaI-OTb 3ana.l\bHHX npOAYKTiB, Ta
BHAa.l\a npHKa.3 na.l\HTH y BiABOpOTHiH AOpo3i BCi
HacpToai IIIH6H, KonaAbHi ponH, 6e3nepeqHo 6araTo
CKOpIIIe npHHIIIAO 6H AO giAKOBHTOro po3rpoMy Hi-
MegbKHX BiHCbK Ta CKopiIIIoro 3aKiHqeHHH 3aB3.ffTHX
6oia Ha HaIIIHx 3eMAHX. Tpe6a 3Hanf, igo 6araTo
BHTepniAa yKpaiHCbKa 3eMJ\.H 3AOBLK giAHX KapnaT;
B qaci 6oiB 6e3fl0Ig8AHO HHigeHO MaHHO ciAbCbKOro
Hace.11.eHH.H, 6e3 po36opy na.l\eHo giAi ceAa, 3 niMCTH
niAria.l\I-OBaAH AHKi MaA.HPH HaIIIi gepKBH Ta rpa6H.11.H
6e36opoHHe Hallie ceAo. BottH eiIIIa.11.H 6e3 CJAY Koro
nonaAo, MCTH.11.HCH 3a raHe6tty cnpaay 3 noqaTKiB
20 CT0.11.iTT.ff, K0.11.H TO BOHH XOTi.11.H BiAipsaTHC.ff BiA
ABcTpii; igo pociHcbKi eiHcbKa y npH.H3Hi 3 HaceAeH-
H.HM fIOMaraI-OTb co6i B3aiMHO i. T. A.
216
B qaci 3aB3.HTHX 6oie 3a AYKA.HHCbKHH nepexiA
naAH.l\H rapMaTHiMH cTpiAhHaMH MicTo C.HHiK, a6ypHAH
MaHLKe giAHH 3aplllHH, 3ropie ropilllHiH KiHegb ce.l\a
04pexoeoi, cepeAHHa ceAa TapHaBKH, 36ypHAH MicTo
PHMaHie, He noigaAH.l\H leoHHtJa, KopocHa. .HK tJ;a-
AeKo c.Hra.l\a BOSHHa xypTOBHHa y KapnaTax - TaK
Aa.l\eKo He o6iHlll.l\OCH, igo6H 6ea HaHMeHlllOi np11-
lJHHH - He TO, igo npOBHHH - He CTaB.l\eHo lllH6e-
HHgi H To - CJ?OrOAHi eillla.l\H AIOAeH Ma4.HpH, HiMgi,
aaeTpa MocKaAi - i Ha ei4eopoT, naAH.l\H !JepKBH
Ta ce.l\a. BeHLKaAoc.H,. giAKOeH;o
Hallll Ce.l\a, He OCTaHe aH1 C.l\lAY 3 tJ;aBHlX Cl.I\ l oce.l\b.
AAe po3TopoigeHa MOCKOBChKa apMiH - HK sLKe
- ni.A f opAH!J.HMH,. y 6e3.l\aAi :HMCKOpllle
BTlKa.l\a Ha CXlA, 3HOBY-LK HIMegbKa apMIH He Ma.l\a
IlOKHigO qacy Ha !!IO po6oTy, 60-LK BOHa XOTiAa .HK-
HaHCKopuie Aa6HTHCH AO EopHc.l\ae' H.
MocKaAi BAepLKa.l\HCH igoHHO B OKO.l\Hgi EoAexosa,
Ae 3HOBLKe npHHlll.1\0 AO KpHBaBHX 6oiB. !JiA.l\lO po-
ciHCbKHX HacTyniB 6yAo ainxHyTH aBCTpoyropCbKi
eiHchKa Ha AaBHi no3Hgii s KapnaTax. AAe KO.l\H
HiMgi Ao6yAH CTpHH, MocKaAi MyciAH noAaTHCH Ha
cxiA. 4. qepBHH CTpiAhgi nilllAH no6i4HiM noxo40M
enepeA, nepeHlll.l\H LKHAatJiBCbKHH i Ka.l\yCbKHH noeiT
i KO.l\O 10.tiepBHH cnHHH.l\HC.H 6iAH ceAa BHKTopoea
(niA faJ\HlJeM). CowaHi eiHcbKa (HiMeghKi - ascTpiH:-
CbKi) BHpiBHlOlOlJH cppOHT' 3aHH.l\H AhBiB. nic.l\H ABO-
THLKHeBoi noaHgiHHOi 6opOTb6H y BHKTopiBCbKOMY
Aici, pociHChKi BiHCbKa IlOA3.l\HCH 27. qepBHH y Aa.l\b
lllHH eitJ;sopoT, a AHH 28. qepeHH Y. C. C. aaHH.l\H
npacTapHH, KH.HLKHH ropoA, I'aJZU'i. He cnHHHIOlJHCb
aapa3 Apyroro AH.fl nilllAH Y. C. CTpiAhgi snepeA,
nepeHlll.l\H AHicTep i nicAH 1<opoTKoi cTpitii e ceAi
CeMHKiegHx, aaH.H.l\H noaHgii Ha npaeoMy 6epeai fHH-
Aoi AHnH. B 6oHx HaA 3oAOTOIO AHno10 Ta CTpH-
217
IlOI-0 (pi1rn y CXiAHiH f aAHtrnHi) MHH}'B qac BiA J\HilHH
AO 9. LKOBTHH. Toro AHH MocKaAi nillIAH AO HacTyny.
KpHeaei 6oi AO 3. AHCTonaAa. 3 He3BH
qaHHHM repoiicTBOM 6opoAHCH Y. C. C. 6i.11H CeMH-
KOBerJb. Maiime giAoMicHqHi 6oi, aaKiHqeHi 6pasyp-
Pbc 1919. B <taci mocmpaqii' KOHtjjillOBaHux 00. BaculliRH
y HoBoMy Can'li.
CTORTb B.1\isa: Bop o. mHAaH, o. Ka.1\HHegb, n. HaAiR /l;BeposHq, o. naeb-
q1UJIHH, o .J\yj!HK, n. CTaHHC.1\aBa CKi 6iHCbKa, o. 3areiiicbKHii, o. Kosu10K.
CHARTb 3.1\isa: Bop. o. n. MapTHHIOK, n. 0.1\eHa faA3eBHqesa, EKcge.11eegi11
KHp Boca<PaT KogH.11oec&KHH, Ap. 0 1. eKcaaAep Aaeposliq, n. Bep6wgbKa.
CHARTb 3A0.11y, 3.1\iea: Bnp. o. naeJ. O CTyw1<apCbKHH, BorABH faAaeBHq Ta
o. Oey<Ppiii fBAaeeuq, napox Hoeoro Caaqa.
CeiT AHB .ll;p. M. AaeposHq.
HOIO aTaKoIO, BiAAaAH B cTpiAerJbKi pyKH BCIO sopomy
3aJ\ory. nicMI MaKiBKH Ta EoAexosa, CeMHI<iBgi 6yJ\H
BeJ\HKHM IlOABHrOM, igo 30.1\0THMH 6y1rnaMH 3anHCaB-
CH B icTopii CTpiAerJbKOi KaMilaHii. 0AHaqe nepeMora
ii A06yTa cJ\aea AOporo KOllITysaJ\a Y. C. C. Ha
218
IIOAi C.l\aBH .l\11lllH.l\OCH 39 B6HTHX, 6iAH 100 paHeHHX,
a 6iAbIIIe 100 nona.l\O B IlO.l\OH.
T O.lli CTpiAbgis nepeseAeHo AO CocHosa, AC BOHH
nepe6yAH giAy 3HMY AO Tpasm1 1916 p. TyT o6a
KypeHi 3Ay11eHo e I. IIOAK Y. C. C. i niAtIHHeHo :Horo
6e3nocepeAHO KOMaHAi AHBi3ii. Oo.l\K AiCTaB Te CaMe
o36posHHH, IMO iHIIIi noAKH, cKopocTpiAH, MiHoMeTH,
rrixoTHi IIYIIIKH - i CTaB caMOCTiHHOI-0 606801-0 OAH-
HHgeI-O 3 B.l\aCHOI-0 KOMaHAOI-0. 3 IIOtiaTKOM TpaBHH
rrpHixae AO IIO.l\KY HOBHii KOMaHAaHT IlIIO.l\K. aBCTp.
apMii AHTiH BapHBOAa.
THMtiacoM HiMgi noee.l\H Ha 3ax0Ai pimyqy ocpeH-
3HBY rrpoTH $paHgii ii IIOCOI-03HeHHX 3 HCI-0 Aepmae.
!JiAAI-0 HiMC!JbKOi ocpeH3HBH 6yAo po36HTH gaxiAHix
npoTHBHHKie, IM06H eiATaK po3npaeHTHCH 3 iHllIHMH.
He3BHtiaiiHo KpHeaei :H 3aB3HTi 6oi iiIIIAH 3a cppaH-
!!Y3bKY TBepAHHI-O BepAeH. IJJo6H 3aIIIaxyea'l'H HiMgie,
AHTaHTa BHMYCH.l\a Ha Pocii noeecTH ocpeH3HBY Ha
cxiAHbOMY cppoHTi. EyAa ge ocpeH3HBa r'eHepaAa Epy-
ciAoea, AiTOM 1916 p. li giAAI-0 6y.l\o 3aHHTH 3HOB2Ke
rro3Hgii 1914 p. AAe ocpeH3HBa AaAa TiAbKH 6amaHi
HacAiAKH Ha 6yKOBHHCbKOMY cppoHTi, Ta Ha rriBHOtii,
Ae MocKa.l\HM BAa.l\OCH rrpopeaTH aecTpiiicbKHii cppoHT
6iAH AyghKa. EpyciAoB He no6atIHB Abeoea. OcpeH-
3HBa EpyciAOBa HaTpanHAa B r a.l\HtIHHi Ha CTpi
AegbKY 3arropy ii 06 Hei, HK Ha MaKiegi, po36HBCH
pociHCbKHii po3Max.
He3Bl'f3aiiHo KpHsaei 6oi 6iM1 EepemaH HaA 30-
.1\0TOI-O AHno1-0, AHH 2. i 3. ceprrHH Ha ropi AHcoHi,
26. eepeCHH Ha BHCOtIHHi ,4HKi .l\aHH Ta 29. eepecH.R
B noTyTopax (Mim EepemaHaMH Ta PoraTHHOM) 3HOB-
. . . '
. me BKpHAH HCBMIPYl!!OI-0 C.l\aBOI-0 CTpIAegbKe IM H.
A11.e rro6iAa HaA eoporoM Aoporo KOmTysaAa. B nep-
IIIOMY AHi 6oie Ha AHcotti 3a.l\HIIIH.l\OCH 3 tIHCJ\a 44
cTapIIIHH TiAhKH 16 2KHBHX i 3AoposHx. Eoi 6iAH
219
Eepe;KaH npopi,11,HAH cTpiAeQ,hKi AaBH (3 giAoro no11Ky
3a.l\HlllHJ\OC.H .HKHX 150 J\I0,11,eH, TaK, J!!,O Tpe6a 6yAo
,11,06poeo.l\b1IY cpopMagi10 nepeHeCTH AJ\H noHOBHeHH.H
AO KOllla. B noAi 3aJ\HlllHAac.H J\Hlll 0,11,Ha TexHi11Ha
COTH.H. Killl Y. C. c. CTO.HB TOAi B ceAi nico11Ha
KOJ\O MHKOJ\asaa Ha,11, AHicTpoM. Bci 3,11,opoai cTpi.l\h!!i
Ta CTaplllHHH noce.l\HJ\HC.H B Po3aa,11,oai Ta BepHHi
i 3 HHX CTBopeHo BHlllKiAhHY r'pyny Y. C. C. CoTHi
BHlllKOAY CTO.HJ\H cnepllly B Po3aa,11,oai Ta 3ro.11,0M,
niC.l\.H npHXOAY HOB06paHgiB i IlOBOpOTY paHeHHX,
Micge nocToIO BHlllKO./\y nolllHpH./\OCb Ha ce./\a Be-
pHHb, Ha,11,iTH11i Ta Py,11,HHKH. l<oMaH,11,aHTOM BHlllKOJ\Y
Y. C. C. 6ya 3 no11aTKY OT. MHpoH TapttaBCbKHH,
noTiM OT. ct>paHg KiKa./\b, J!!,O ni3Hirne cTaB KOMaH-
,11,aHTOM ./\er'ioHy B IlO./\i, nic./\.H HbOro OT. r. KoccaK
Ta BpelllTi n. IlOJ\K. C.l\10Cap11yK. ni,11,cTaplllHHH Hlll.l\H
Ha ,11,BOMiC.HlJHHH ni,c'J,CTaplllHHCbKHH Kypc, J!!,O 6ya .Y
Po3.11,o.11.i, a cTaplllHHH Ha TaKHH-me Kypc y TpycKaagi.
JleMKU y HapoiJHbOMY 3pUBi.
B p.H,11,ax 6o6BHX si,11,,11,iAiB 1. no.11.Ky y KpaiHCbKHX
Ci11oa11x CTpiAh!JiB, HK aiptti CHHH Yi<paiHH BHCTy-
na./\H moeHipH AeMKH, J!!,O pa30M 3 ,11,pyr11MH yKpa-
iHCbKHMH BO.HKaMH illlJ\H B 6ii1 3 nicHelO Ha ycTaX
i rJ\H60KOIO sipo10 B cepgi B IlOBHY no6i4y Harnoi
C./\YlllHOI cnpaBH.
B oyAaBHOMY Bi,11,,11,iAi
1
) 6ya iJecfl.mHUKOM Ocun
Kitl.opoBCbKUi1 3 MpHroJ\04a (CHHi1111HHa), BicmyH
/Oll.iHH Hall.UCHUK 3 KpacHoi (KopocH.HHJ!!,HHa); y 1.
coTHi: BicmyH PoMaH CeKell.a, 3 Ka./\bHH!Ji
y 2. coTHi: xopyHJJCUi1 CotjJia I'all.elfKO, Hoa11i1 CaHq,
niiJxopyHJJCUU Kll.UM KoHUK, 3 CHHiQ,bKOi noca,c'J,H,
1
) YKpaldcbKi Cit1oei CTpi!lbgi, Ab8ia, 1935 . .
220
(C.HttiK), y 3. coTHi: Bicmyli Mwco11a JJ,pa'i, 3 0Ape-
xosoi (C.HttiK), y 4. coTHi: cmpi11e4b 011eTCcaliiJep Tya,
3 fmKHboro (PHIIIiBJ!!HHa), y 5. coTtti: cmpi11e4b Bo-
11oiJuMup f)ocuu, 3 5IcAa, cmpi11e4b Cmenali l(py-
me11bliU4bKUU, TaKOLK 3 5IcAa, y 6. COTHi: l.femap
Deman /(o6epcbTCUU, 3 C.HKOKa, cmpi11e4b !Bali lla-
11a:J1Culie4b, 3asaAKa, 3a1rnpnaTT.H, y 7. coTtti: cmpi-
11e4b Ocman Cme4a, 3 KoMaHbqi (C.HttiK), y Tex-
ttiqttili coTtti: cmpi11eqb Bacu11b floiJy6uliCbTCUU 3 Pycb-
Koi Ay6piBKH, C.HttiK; AaAbIIIe 6yAH no pi3HHX
q>opMagiHx: comliUTC flempo laaiJauTCo, l.femap !Bali
lu:J1Ca, 3 BHcosoi, 'Lfemap l(ocmb !(06a1iiu, (yp.
B KpHBiH KOAO r AaAHIIIOBa, noMep y BHHHHgi), l.femap
!Bali Bep6u4bKUU, niiJxopyli:JICUU /1,a1iu110 CMap:JIC,
3 60AHapK11 K. AHnHHOK, l.femap /011iRli lOp
1
taTCeBU'i,
noAK. AiKap poAOM 3 THxaHi, Bacu11b PyculiTCO C. C.,
H. I'o11euTCO C. C., l.femap !Bali Buc1104bKUU C. C.,
nopy'iliUTC /1,eliuc Celiema, comliuTC Bacu11b 3apiB-
liuu, Muxau110 Me11bliU'LfyK, nap. Opecm 01iy11RTC,
Oliy<jjpiu Bpamum, !Bail I'y4y11RTC, Muxau110 I'a-
11ymKa 3 f AaAHIIIosa nponas Ha BeAHKiH YKpaiHi,
MuxaUJlO lllMaliiJa 3 r AaAHIIIOBa, Ocun l(uiJoHb
3 fopAHqqHHH, Cm. JleBUliCbTCUii 3 Pon11gi KoAo fop-
AH!Jb, noMep no nosopoTi 28. IX. 1919 B KpaKosi
(AoM6e), AliiJpiU MaTCap 3 ToKapHi (C.HttiK) noMep
15. IX. 1919 KpaKis (.4oM6e), 011eTCca JlyTCaceBu'Lf,
OAHOp. CTp. H. K. r. A. (HaqaAbHa KoMaHAa ra-
AH!JbKOi ApMii), ypoAmeHHH 1901 p. s C.Httogi, .HK
r1eHHK 6. r'iMH. KA.HCH s C.Httogi 3roAOCHBC.H .HK A06po-
BoAe!Jb AO YKpaiHcbKoi ApMii, noMep 27. ciqH.H
1920 p. Ha THcp y BHHHHgi, I'liam AliiJpylfiUTC, Ao-
Aim.Hi 6epem (AicbKo), noMep 17. 8. 1919 y. AHTOB.
6epecTi (6yrIIIonH), cmapmuii iJecRmliUTC Bacu11b
Ba6RTC, 3 BiAbxosegb' (CHHiK), noMep 21. 12. 1919.
emAeM IIInHTaAb B f Aj6osi, KOAO Hosoi YIII11gi (3a
221
36pytieM), MuKo.na Bacbo, AichKo, rroMep 21. 8.
1919 Kpa1ds (AoM6e), <PeiJip Ka.nuHulf., cTpiAe!Jh
3 6pHra,AH Y. r. A. ' (YKpaiHCbKa faAH!JbKa ApMh1),
AicbKO, rroMep 26. 12. 1919 Ha TH<I> y BHHHHgi,
,4Mumpo J<oBa.llb cTpiAe!Jb carrep 3 OoMrn (AicbKo),
rroMep 21. 12. 1919 p. Ha TH<I> y BHHHHgi, H. Me-
Ke.numa t rri4 XHposoM, IBaH Mypa.nb, cTpiAe!Jh 8
6pHra4H Y. r. A. (AicbKO) IIOMep 14. 11. 1919 Ha
TH<I> y BHHHHgi, Muxaii.no MuqiB. cTp. 7 6pHr. (Ai-
CbKo), rroMep 5. 9. 1919. Ha TH<I> y BHHHH:gi (cs.
BicmyH YI' A IlasJ10 L/ypa
POAOM 3 npeAyK (K. CHHOKa)
Kocmb l(o6aHiti YCC.
sarHsysea BeAHKiH YKpai'si.
o. I. Ae6e4osHtI). KpiM Ha3BaHHX AeMKiB YKpa-
iHgis 6araTo 6y.l\o rrpH YKpaiHCbKiH: faAH!JhKiH ApMii
- AeMKis 3 KoMaHe!JbKHX cTopiH, 3j caMoi Ko-
MaHbtii EapHa, IJ!asHoro, Perre4i, KyMunHoro, Ty-
pHHCbKa .HK TaKom 3 EepeaiBIJ!HHH i C.HHi'1'1HHH.
Ha ma.l\b HeMa6Mo Aoci rrosHoro crrHcKa AeMKiB
BH380.l\bHHKiB.
THMtiacoM rro4ii po3BHBa.l\HC.H. B 6epe3Hi 1917 p.
BH6yx.l\a peso.l\10gi.H a Pocii. CKHHeHo gap.H HHK0-
.1\a.H II. Ta scTaHOBJ\eHo B Pocii AeM01<.paTH'1HHH .l\a4.
Ha YKpaiili noBiR.no Bo.ne10. B KHisi rroscTas
rri4 rrposo40M MHxaH:.l\a fpyIIIeBCbKoro rrepIIIHH YKpa-
222
iHCbKHH rrapAHMeHT - UeHTpaAbHa Pa4a, IMO AOMa-
raJ\acH Ha,ll;aHHH y KpaiHi nrnpoKo3aKp0HOi aBTOHOMii.
KoAH-iK B 0eTep6yp3i BH6yxAa B iKOBTHi 311eprn
Apyra pesoA10giH i BJ\a4a rrepeH11IJ\a B pyKH 60.1\b
11Ies11Kia, - y K11iai rrporoAollleHo AH.ff 22 ci11HH
1918 p. YKpalHCbKY Heaall.eJICHY ,4epJ1CaBy, igo ame
B AHi 9 J\IOTHH 1918 p .. 3aKJ\I01IHJ\a a EepecTIO MHp
3 J:!eHTpaAbHHMH ,l{epmaaaMH. OicAH 6epecTeHChKoro
MHpa Ha y KpaiHy rrepeHlllJ\H COI03Hi BiHCbKa, a 3 HH-
MH B 11epstti 1918 poKy TaKOiK Killl i BHlllKIJ\
Y. C. C. ix po3Mil!!eHo Ha XepcoHI!!HHi. B Mim11aci
B 6epe3Hi 1918 p. B K11isi AOKOHaHo rrepesopoTy
Ta BCTaHOBJ\eHo Ha YKpaiHi BJ\aAy reTbMaHa. feTh-
MaHoM rrporoJ\ollleHo OasAa CKoporraAChKOro. Ey-
4y1111 Ha YKpaiHi Y. C. C. MOrJ\H BHKOHaTH Te
3aBAaHHH, AO HKoro ix IIOKJ\HKaHb i .l(J\H HKOro
npag10saJ\11 Ta KJ\aJ\H mepTBH AO ghoro 11acy. CTpi-
AeJ:!TBO IIOBHHHO 6yJ\o Tenep B3HTH y11aCTb y TBO-
peHHIO YKpaiHCbKoi Ha!!ioHaJ\bHOi ApMii.
AJ\e noAiTHKa Apyrnx Aepmas He AOnycTHJ\a AO
J:!bOro. OoxiA HiMgis Ta AacTpiHgia Ha Y Kpaitty,
1!!0 MaB AOIIOfTH MOJ\O.l(iH yKpaiHChKiH 4ep1KaB1, 3a-
KpinHTH caMOCTiHHiCTb, nepeMiHHBC.H B 3aBOHOBaHHH.
B11opa11IHi coI03HHKH BMilllaJ\HCH y BHyTpilllHi cnpaa11
y KpaiHCbKOi ,l{epmaBH Ta no11aJ1.H ii Ha sci J\a,ll;H BH-
KOpHCTOByBaTH - noAiTHtIHO i MaTepiHJ\bHO. OoAi-
THKa !JeHTpal\hHHX ,l{epmaB HaMaraJ\aC.H BiACYHYTH
Y. C. CTpiJ\hJ:!iB ai4 BIIJ\HBY Ha MacH. lliHpoKo
3aKp0Ha KY.l\bTYPHO OCBiTHH Ta rrponaraHAHBHa npa-
J:!H Y. C. C. cTaJ\a AiKepeAoM Henopo3yMiHHH i cnopis.
Y. C. C. nepeBeAeHo y sepecHi 1918 p. 3 YKpaiHH
ua EyKoBHHy.
Ta J:!e 6yAH ocTauui AHi ascTpo-yropcbKoi MoHap-
xii. Oi4MiH0BaHa 3 ttyTpa
npo caMOBH3BOJ\eHHH uapOAIB, BOHa no11aJ\a p03J\l-
223
TaTHCH. AttH 1. .l\HCTona;i;a 1918 p. aaicHyBa.l\a yKpa-
iHCbKa 8.1\a)la, a y KpaiHCbKa r 0.1\0BHa Pa;i;a nporo-
.1\0CH.l\a Ha yKpaiHCbKHX 3eM.l\HX rri)l ascTpiHCbIWIO
aaiiMaHigHHOIO 3axi;J;HbO YKpaiHCbKY HapoAHIO Perry-
6.1\HKy. CTpiAe!JTBo, igo rrepe6ysa.l\o Ha EyKoBHHi,
nocrrilllH.l\O Ha aaxHCT Ahsosa.
1
) ,l(HH 22. ciqHH 1919. p.
rrporoAoIIIeHo B KHisi aKT 3.1\YKH yKpaiHCbKHx aeMe.l\h
B OAHY Co6opHy YKpaiHChKY .l(epm.asy. B faAHqHHi
Hlll.l\H 6oi YKpaiHCbKOi faAH!JbKoi ApMii aa yKpaiH-
ChKi aaxi;i;Hi aeMAi. BpelllTi nicAH repoiicbKoi qopT-
KiBCbKoi 0<f>eH3HBH 8 qepBHi 1919 p., Y. r. A. iaaa
6paKy MyHigii nepeHlll.l\a Ha Y KpaiHy B AHnHi Torom.
poKy. Bi;i;TiAH HeBeJ\HqKa qacTHHa raAH!JbKHX CTap-
lllHH i CTpiAh!JiB rrosepHy.l\a AO f a.l\HqHHH Ta ni)l
KOMaH4010 reu. Kpasca, nepe6HAaCH Ha 4exocAo-
saqqirny, 4pyrux BHapelllTysa.l\H 60.1\bllleBHKH Ta aa-
C.il.a.l\H ix Ha Co.l\OBKH, a6o B O;i;eci poacTpiAH.l\H.
O;i;uaqe c.l\asa npo f-h1x He IIO.l\Hr.l\a Ta LKHTHMe
siquo 8 yKpa'iHCbKOMY Hapo;i;i ...
1
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J\bsis 1936.
415IAbHICTb ,,nPOCBITH"
HA AEMKIBIJJHHI.
neprni npo6J\HCKH npocsiTHHCbKOro 2KHTTH Ha AeM-
KiBigHHi 3apaxosyeMo Ha qac neprnoro AeCHTKa 20.
CTOAiTTH. Y Absosi ee.l\HCH B f oAOBHOMY TosapHCTBi
,,npocsiTa" samlii HapaAH, HK nosecTH npocsiTHH-
CbKY po6oTy Ha AeMKiBigHHi, Ta, HKHX AO ghoro
J\IOAeH, igo6 BOHH 3HaHHHM i KYJ\b-
TypHHM DlAXOAOM npHT.HrHyJ\H MICges,e HaCeJ\eHHH
AO KYAhTypHo-ocsiTHhOi npagi. AAe neprni nioHipH
npocsiTHHChKoro LKHTTH y Absosi nepeKoHaJ\HCH, igo
s C.HHogi, Ae HaMi4eHo cTsopHTH q>iAiIO ,,npocsiTu",
HeMa6 MaHme 30BCiM HalllHX J\IOAeH AO HKOiHe6yAb
HapoAHboi npagi. BnpasAi napox CHHOKa, o. KoH-
cTaHTHHOBH11 - yKpaiHegb, a.l\e 3 pi3HHX npH11HH
BiA po60TH BiATHrHJBCH, paAHHK CYA A. neJ\eH-
CbKHH xopuli; piBH02K AO po60TH Hecnoci6HHH, npoq>.
ctlpaH11yK i33a J\Hxoro 3.itopoBAH, npoq>. KosaAiB
3HOBY ACp2KaBCH OCTOpOHb npocsiTHHCbKOi npagi.
Bme Ha Apyrux 36opax nocTaHOBJ\eHo, igo npocsi-
THHCbKY npag10 Ha AeMKiBigHHi HaHcKoprne noseAe
aABOKaT-yKpaiHegb Ta lioro KOHginieHT, 3aAetKHHH
BiA roJ\OBHOro TosapHCTBa ,,npocsiTa", 60 TOAi
6yAe 6iJ\bllia 3aIIopyKa, igo TaKHH t:.OHgini6HT, ycTa-
HOBJ\eHHH r OJ\OBHHM BHAiJ\OM M02Ke ycnirnHO BeCTH
opr'aHi3agiHHY npag10 npH cnisnpagi rpoMaAHHCTBa
CHHi1111.1;1HH. CaMe TOMY B npHcyTHOCTi siAnopy11HH-
KiB y KpaiHCbKHX TosapHCTB: ,, CiAbCbKOro r OCIIO-
225
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,iiosgis", ,, CoKoAa", ,, Co103a KpeAHT. Kpass. pesi3",
Ha3HaqeHo opraHi3aTopoM AeMKisxgHHH BacH.l\H Ka-
AHHIOKa, xgo ,iioci 6ys opraHi3aTopoM AixgHHH 3 oci,ii-
KOM y Csrnogi. HaMiqeHo TaKom gacHysaTH s C.RHogi
llozpy{}{}a pa{}HuKa Bacu.11a f/sopcbKOZO,
npo6yAnTe.rn HoeocaHAeJ!bKoi AeMKiBIJ!HHH .
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y Absosi 6ys rrepe,ii Be.l\HKOIO csiTOBOIO siHHoIO THM
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1
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IAioctiioeaBa lcToplR fleMKiBIJ,1HHH 15
226
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IlHTH IlOC.l\IAOBHO AO HapOAHbOI npag1 cepeA .l\eMKIB-
CbKOro Hace.l\eHHH. Ha .l\eMKiBChKiH cMy3i Ma.l\H MH
ame AO aiHHH neaHi opraHi3oBaHi ycTauoau. 3 no-
Mim .l\eMKiBCbKHX noaiTia au6uaa.l\HCfl CRHiK i Hosuit
CaHI/.. !Jeii ocTaHHiH BaBAHKH npagi paAHHKa Ba-
CH.l\H HaopcbKoro - 3BaHoro npo6yAHTe.l\eM Hoao-
caHAeqqnHH - Ha npOTH3i CKoporo qacy 33HHHB
OAHe 3 nepnrnx Micgb, He Ti.l\hKH AeMKiBJMHHH. Haii-
aaarnimo10 Ta HaHBHJMOIO ToqKoIO B po3BHTKY Hoso-
caHAeqquHH 6ya MOMeHT, HK B HosoMy CaH11i cTaB
BHXOAHTH TH2KHeBHK "lliazipcbKUU Jl,aBiH". 3 npo-
CBiTHO-KY.l\bTYPHHX ycTaHos 6y.l\H TYT ua AeMKia-
JMHHi cDi.l\ii "OpocaiTu" a HoaoMy Cauqi, ocHosaHa
B 1902 p., .Hc.l\i ocHoBaHa, 1903 p., CHHogi, ocuoaaua
B 1903 p., cpi.l\iH ,,Ci.l\hCbKoro f ocnoAaps" s CHHogi
B HoaiM CaH11i, noaiTOBHH W1d.l\bHHH Co103, HK
qacTHHa Kpaeaoro lliKi.l\bHoro Co103y, 3 eKOHOM1q-
HHX - CH.l\bHHH ,,AeMKiBCbKHH BaHK".
lf.1zeHU OCHOBHUKU </Jillii' ,,llpocnimu"
n HonoMy CaHlf.i:
neTpO AiHHHCbKHH, paAHHK cyAy, BaCUJlb Hnop-
Cb/CUU, paAHHK cKap6y i noco.I\, MuxaH.l\O CeKyHAa
HaAocpigiH.I\ cyAy, Kap.l\o BaHApiacbKHH noAaT. HaA-
iHcneKTop, Bo.l\OAHMHp BiTOIIIHHCbKHH, IIIKi.l\h. iucneK-
Top, nas.l\O XapoJMaK, y11HTe.l\b, 0.1\eHa AiHHHCbKa,
ApymuHa cyA. paAHHKa, ArHeTa CeKyHAOBa ApymuHa
Muxaii.l\a CeKyHAH, Ap. 0Me.l\HH AeBHJ!bKHH, COpaug
AsrycTHHOBH11, ypHA. 3a.l\i3H.-, TnT PerneTH.l\OBH11,
ceKpeTap c:rapocTaa, MuxaH.l\O Ky6iesu11 noAaT. yp.,
AuoHi3 Y AYJ!bKHH KOHAYKTop, f puropiii KoHApa
3a.l\i3. YPHAHHK, MHxaH.1\0 r 0.1\0Ba 33.1\. yp., MapTHH
ne.l\ex, CTaHHC.l\aB Opom, 6.1\HXap 3 3aJ\. aapcT.,
227
Mapi.R 3eM6oea, BAoea no g. i K. poTMaHcTpi, OcHna
EaHApiecbKa APYiKHHa KapAa, AHHa BiToWHHCbKa
-APYiKHHa BoAOAHMHpa, CTenaH CopoKa, ytJHTeAb,
OcHH CToTiii, ytJHTeAb, CTenaH cpH.l\HnoeHtJ, anTHKap,
lOpiH }{pow, HaAAiCHHIJHH, IBaH nocunaHKO AHpeK-
TOp WKO.l\H, I. ReopCbKHH, AiCHHH, nae.l\O KyabMHIJ,
.YtJHTeAb, KaAicTpaT XopOJ!!aK, recnoAap, EMiAb Wee-
-AHK, YtJHTeAb, BoAOAHMHpa $eAopoeHtJeea, APYiKHHa
CB.HJ!!eHHKa, MHxaH.l\HHa naHbKiBCbKa APYiKHHa CB.HJ!!.,
MeAaHi.H KoxaHoea, APYiKHHa AiCHHKa, BacH.l\b TH-
xoecbKHH cKap6. paAHHK, leaH KyAblJH!!bKHH eMep.
ytJHTeAb, fpHropiii Eo6.HK, r'iMH. YtJHTeAb, BacH.l\b
AHTIJHH, maHAapM, 0AeKca MiA.HHHtJ, ytJHTeAb, BacHAb
MHxaceeH"'l, yp. noAaT.
B 1904 p. $iAi.H ,,CTpoceiTH" e HoeoMy CaHtJi
.MaAa 118 tJ.l\eHie. B ,,t(illi" 168 q, 3 AH.ff 10 (23)
-cepnH.H '1906, P. XXVll. HaxoAHMO ee.l\HKY cTaTTIO
,npo 3araAbHi 36opH cpiAii ii tJHTa.l\bHi ,,CTpoceiTa"
e HoeiM CaHtJi.
4HTaeMo: AeHb 15-ro cepnH.H 1906 p. 6ye A.IUI
.AeMKiBJ!!HHH Be.l\HKHM i ee.l\HIJaBHM CB.HTOM. 3 ycix
3aKyTKie gaxiAHboro ,, CH6ipy" g'ixaAHC.H 3aTotJeHgi,
.3iHW.l\HC.H MaHiKe eci tJ.l\eHH Micgeeoi IJHTa.l\bHi i 6HT-
KOM 33IlOBHH.l\H npOCTOpy KOMHaTy. f .ap.HtIHM C.l\OBOM
OTBOpHB 36opH ro.l\oea cpi.11.ii "Bn. noco.I\ RsopcbKHH
i npHBHTas AeAer'aTa roAOBHoro BHAiAy iJ-pa lBaHa
.EpuKa, (TenepiwHboro f oAosy ,,CTpoceiTH") Ta rocTeH
. .zi-pa AHApi.H 4anKoecbKoro, A-pa 0AeKcaHApa Ko-
Aeccy, .zi-pa npocpecopa BoeKa, IsaHa PaKOBCbKoro
i .zi-pa 3eHoHa Ky3eAIO.
P.HA eiAtJHTaHHX 3BiTie goeciM .HCHO noKa3ae HaM
.Ai.HAbHicTb $iAii. EyAa eoHa peeHa i wHpoKa Ta
npH ghoMy 3 yearH Ha Ayme npHKpi o6cTaBHHH no-
npocTy noAHBY riAHa. $iAi.H yAepmyea.l\a 6ypcy, Ae
1H3HWAO npHMiJ!!eHHH 51 ytJeHV.KiB, 3 qoro 6 yAepmy-
. *15
228
saHo AapoM, pell.ITa AOil.l\atiyaaAa AYLKe MaAo, TaK,.
igo BHAiA AOn.l\atiyaaa MiCHtIHO 249 K.
KoAH AOAaMo AO Toro, igo Cf>!Ai.a arypTyaaAa KO.l\O
tIHTa.l\bHi ac10 Micgeay iHTeAir'eHgi10 i acix Micgeamc
po6iTHHKiB, igo yAaAmyaa.l\H BiAtIHTH ii TeaTpaAbHi
BHCTaBH, igo aaHHMa6TbCH peBHO 6y AOBOIO gepKBH
i T. A .TO AiH.l\bHiCTb g.a aac.l\yroays Ha IlOBHe npH-
3HaHHH.
B AHCKycii HaA aaiToM A-P KoAecca nepeAas IgH-
pHH npHBiT BiA geHTpagbHoro BHAiAy, aaepTae yaary
Ha npocaiTHi aMaraHHH no .TiM 6ogi. KOpAoHy, rapH-
tIHMH C.l\OBaMH npuraAy6 ICTOpHtIHI MOMeHTH caH-
- . .
AegbKOI aeM.1\1 Ta KIHllHTb CBOIO naAKY npoMOBY'
ig11po10 IlOAHKOIO Cf>iAii, a rO.l\OBHO HeCTPYALKeHOMY,
ii npoBiAHHKOBi nocAoai BacH.l\eBi .HaopcbKoMy. 3 qep-
rH aa611pae cAoao AeAsr'aT A-P IaaH EpHK. - ,,Meui
AHBHO - Kame 6eciAHHK, igo Ha 36opax He aa-
cTynAeHI g1, igo A.l\H HHX npH3HatieHa ro.l\OBHO BC.ff
AiH.l\bHiCTb TOBapHCTBa ,,npocsiTa" - caMe: .l\eMKiB-
CbKi ceAHHH. .HKigo lllyKaTH aa npHtIHHOIO gei AYLKe
npHKpoi ii aaMiTHoi no.aaH, TO He HaHAeMo ii s ig11piw.
i rap.aqiH po6pTi HOBOC<iHAegbKOi <fliAii, a.l\e 30BCiM
AeiHAe. !Ji.l\a BHHa cnaAa6 Ha AOOKO.l\HtIHe .l\eMKiB-
CbKe AYXOBeHCTBO, - igo B CBOiH aacAinAeHiH Ta 6ea-
rpaHH1IHiH KOpOTKoaopocTH He Ti.l\bKH caMe He npo-
CBiAtIY6 noaipeHoro HOMY cTaAa, a HaanaKH aciAHKHMH
cnoco6aMH 3Aepmye J\eMKa siA Toro ,,caiTAa, igo
poaxoAHTbCH a <PiAii ,, ToaapHCTBa". H11abKa KAeBeTa,
KHAaHHH piaHHX niA03piHb, BilOIOBaHHH HeAOBipH AO
IgHpHX i 6e3KOpHCHHX po6iTHHKiB - oge cnoci6,.
HKHM y CBOiM er'oiaMi racHTb BOHH HapOAHbOro Ayxa
i npHciAH TO"i B
igacTH, npoCBITy, Hag10Ha.l\bHY CBIAOMICTb .l\eMKIB-
CbKOro .Hace.l\eHHH ii cao10 uapoAHIO qecTh. !JH cTo
po Ha AiH.l\bHOCTH Cf>iAii Aa.l\eKO ige. He CllOBHeHa. 3a.
229
'Te nrnpo1rn ii rap.Rqa Ai.RAbHiCTb HaA oceiAOMAeHH.RM
HapOAHbOi iAei B AyIIIax COTOK 3aToqeHgie. 3a Q,10
-po6oTy, r;go BHMara6 eeAHKoro HaKAaAy npagi ii r;gH-
.poi nocBHTH, CKAaAa6 6eciAHHK {A-p leaH BpHK) -
nepIII3aece rroc.l\oei BacHAeei 51eopcbKOMY rap.Rqy
noAKy i npae.11;Hee npH3HaHH.R. KoAH ycnixH gei
po6oTH He TaK BeAHKi, .HK HaAemaAO 6H
CilOAIBaTHC.R - TO TaKH He Ha.l\emHTb norraAaTH
B 3Heeipy i TpaTHTH qac Ha nycTiH i 6e3KOpHcHiH
CAOBHiii cyrrepeqgi 3 npoTHBHHKaMH. OpoTHBHHKH
.3HHAiIOTb y ceoiii 6e3Ai.l\bHOCTH i HeKyAbTYPHOCTH.
l.JJHpa npag.R OTBOpHTb oqi AeMKoei Ta BHBeAe M:oro
Ha .RCHHH 111.1\.RX. OocTyn i npoceiTa 3iTpe 3 J\HQ,.R
3eMAi AIOAeH, r;go B HHX norac B Ay111i e'oroHb qyTT.R
Ta .. uo6oeH ceoro HapoAy - a MoryTH.R cpHA.R Ha-
poAHboro BOCKpeceHH.R IlOil.l\HBe no MOrHJ\aX THX
'Tpynie, BOrHeM rrpoceiTH i HagioHaAbHOi CBiAOMOCTH
3axorrHTb ii AeMKiBIJJHHy. Ha MorHAax Q,HX Tpynie,
eTaHe 3 npanopoM BaTbKiBIJ!HHH AeMKiecbKe ceiAoMe
Ce.l\.RHCTBO i IIOHeCeTbC.R rO.l\OCHa nicH.R BOCKpeceHH.R ! "
l/Jieflu OCHOBHUKU iJlil ToBapucmBa ,,llpocBima"
. B flcJli: I
-
BiAaC AMHTpo, nmoBCbKHH PoMaH, fAHHqaK leaH,
.IeaHie IAAi.R, Kaqop AHApiii, Koea.l\bCbKHH EBreH,
KacbKiB Aee, o. KHciAeecbKHH CflHAeMoH, KHciAeB-
CbKa CTecpaHi.R, KHciAeecbKa EereHi.R, Koea.l\bCbKHH
51Kie, Ap. KopHe.1\.1\.R MHxaif Ao, o. Ky3HK KopHHAo,
AicoecbKHH OcHn, AexH.RK leaH, MapiTqaK MH-
xaHAo, MHxa.l\IOHbO IOcTHH, HiMgie leaH, DHCKAH-
eegb MaKapiH, OonoeHq AMHTpo, CTeQ,bKie MHKOAa,
CMiIIIKeeuq leaH, CeM6paT BacHAb, CMapm CfleAbKO,
51eopcbKHH MHKOAa, 51peMa Ka3HMHp.
B 1911 p. Ha 3araAbHHx 36opax cpiAii ,,OpoceiTa"
230
s 5IcAi sH6paHo MHxaii.11.a MapiTtJaKa - roAOBOIO
ct>i.11.ii, o. ct>. KHciAescbKoro - MicToroAoso10, npH
CKAa,lli 32 3SHlJaHHHX lJ.11.eHis 3 THM, IJ!O ct>i.11.i.ff Mas:
Har.11..ffA HaA lJHTaAbH.RMH ,,npocsiTH" y BHIIIosa,11;gi,.
iB.HAiscbKOMy, fpa6i, KpaMnHiH, Oma11Hiii, 5Ic.11.i.
0AHatJe rrpagR ct>iAii 6yAa Ayme T.R.tKKa, 60 Maiime sci
,llOOK0.11.HlJHi .11.eMKi.sCbKi c e ~ a HerpaMOTHi, Ha Ayme:
HH3bKOMY yposeHI eKOHOMllJHOrO 2KHTT.ff - Ta qepe3<
ge i KYAhTypHoMy, roAosHo ToMy, IJ!O MOCKso<f>iAH
CB.RIJ!eHHKH He A6aMI ripo MopaAbHe, eKOHOMilJHe Ta
KYAhTypHe 2KHTT.ff AeMKa, Tom BC.ff npqceiT.ffHCbKa
po6oTa nocTyna.11.a Ayme noeiAbHO enepe,ll.
lf .!lenu ocHOBHUICU l/Ji.!lil ToBapucmBa ,,llpocBima"
8 CRH04i:
1
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0. 0MeA.ffH KoHcTaHTHHOBHlJ - ro.11.oea, o. AHTiIE
AaspiscbKHH napox s 0ApexoeiH - MicToroAoBa,
OcHn r YA3b0 - Kaciep, PoMaH CeKeAa - ceKpeTap,.
o. BiKTop CaetJaK - napox 3arynrn.R - KOHTpOAbop,
q.11.eHH BHAiAy: LB.. KotJa6cbKHH, BoAOAHMHp lfopi8
CbKHH, o. neTpo MeKe.11.HTa napox B C.RHitJKy, AHApim
Ma3yp, o. 0.11.eKca BHKOBHlJ, 3BHlJaHHi tJAeHR: o. K.
nHp02KOK, o. B. MHCHK, M. Ei;iaK, o. B. KopHTOB-
CbKHH, BoAO,llHMHp reg, I. EpHHKalJ, MHKOAa Aera,
o. MHpOH Aa3opHIIIaK, CT. !JynpHK, B. faHhKiBCbKHH,.
CT. BaIJ!HIIIHH, MHKo.11.a 3HHllaK, I. fHaTHK, M. 3.ff-
THK, M. Bopo6eAb, MHKOAa MHraAb, neTpo 3aeiii
CbKHH (sci 3 O;ipexoeoi), OcHn AaeH;ia, I. CeHlJH-
IIIHH, OcHn CToCHK, Ba.11.. ARKie, M. 5IpoIII, A. Ha-
CTHH, M. PoMaH, M. EypIIITHH, B. ToeapHHQ,bKHH,.
(3arip.R) B. 5IHie, B. MeHgiHCbKHH, I. 4HpH.ftBCbKHH,.
') I. <PpaH'IYK riMB. npoq>., I. CTeAeHc1>K11ii pa4HHK, BoA. 6y11ag1>KHii YP
cy4., T. 6y4aeeosc1>KHii AHp. Hap. ToprosAi s C.11eogi - nepwi npo6y4H-
TeJ1i npocsiT.11Bc1>Koro aHTT.11 s C.11ei111111si.
231
M. T10H (l!!aeHe), M. KpyA.RK, I. Caeqmmrn, AM.
f pHwKo, A. KpyncbKHH (PeneAb), o. 0. Qqa6pyK
(BoAHJJ.R) naHbKO lliypr'oT, o. A. KoqHpKeeHq, OeTpo
EapHa, I0.11i.R Ha3apeeHq, 0Abra r a6Aa, o. A. Bo-
MIHCbKHH, o. M. EypMHq, o. leaH f pHHHWHH, o. A.
MeHgiHChKHH, o. I. ToeapHH!JbKHH, PoMaH CeKeAa,
B. Po6aK, K. BonHap (EocbKo), MHpoH BonToeHq,
<l>paHg KiqopoechKHH, KocTb. BiHTHK, I. Ko6a.l(aH,
A. 0AbWaHcbKHH, AHTiH faepHA.RK, B. MapTHHi-
.RHieHa, BoA. BAaceeHq, fp. llineKiecbKHH, leaHHa
fepHHOBHq, o. M. CJ\HBiHCbKHH, . 0MeJ\SIH r epMaK,
I. faepHMIK, OcHn KogaH, <l>eAip CTpaHKO, M. Ko-
eaJ\bqHK, OJ\eKca KyJ!!aK, leaH 3aea,l(a, naeJ\O Py-
mH!J,bKHH, BacHJ\b KAiw, M. KpaHHHK, I. AopogbKHH,
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M. Ao6p.RHChKHH .
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r.1\H6AeHa IlOJ\iTHqHa opraHiaagi.R IlOO,l(HHOKHX yKpa-
iHCbKHX napTiH - HaneeHo 3HaeMo, J!!O yp.RAHHqa
iHTeAireugi.R Ta B ,l(e.RKiH Mipi yqHTeJ\bCTBO 6y.11H
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3a ge eceeAaAHO naHyeaJ\H TYT - .RK apewTolO
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3HaMeHHTO gae3HTOK i KOHcepeaTH3M AeMKa, uoro
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meHHH, aoapae}\eHe rpiwMH AeMKa i
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AO THX ycTaHOB, J!!O 6yAH B ix pyKax i ,l(O caMoro
HaceAeHHH. OcTaHHiMH HarA.RAHHMH MOCKBoq>iAh
232
CbKHMH BHCTynaMH 6yAH TyT: BiAOMHH npogec B 1914
p., J\.IOTyBaHH.R M3A.RpCbKO - IlOJ\.bCbKO - aBCTpiHCbKHX
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ctliAi.R ,,OpoceiTu" B HoeoMy CaHqi nepeAas eme
3 3. 2KOBTH.R 1912 'p. ceiii 3BiT, "f!!O npoceiT.RHCbKa
npag.R HAe enepe4, Ta BAOBOJ\..ffIOqo. Y AaIIIToeye
KypcH AA.ff HerpaMOTHHX, Be.Ile 6ypcy i npH .ll0IlOM03i
<PiAii BH6yAoBaHo gepKey. BoHa po6HTh, I,!!O J\.HIIIe
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yMOBHHH npagi. TaMOIIIHi Y KpaiHgi 6a2KaIOTb aaAo-
2KHTH 6iAbllIHH 6aHK i 2Ka,llal0Tb niAMOrH HaIIIHX <Pi-
HaHCOBHX iHCTHTygiH.
ToMy Ha ,,aaciAaHHIO" a AH.ff 17 /5. 1913 p. piIIIeHo
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3agii AeMKiBI,!!HHH: Apa P. BiTOIIIHHCbKoro, aABOKaTa
3 AicbKa, o. B. MucHKa 3 BaHbKOBOi, o. M. naHb-
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233
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1
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234
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1
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235
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TapocTBO cy.11;
1840 1 1845 1 1868 I 1890 I 1900 I 1925
HoeHii
11,715111,516 12,837, 12,941
CaHq
Mymeea 13,391 14,797
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fpH6ie fpH6iB 9,311 9,510 9,317 9,484 9,525 10,434
f op.'IHgi f op.l\H!Ji 23,393 20,230 20,230 19,498 19,589 21.070
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C11eiK PeMaeie 11,148 10,890 10,048 10,425 10,467 13,498
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C11eiK 18,683 17,194 17,970 22,282 24,927, 27,024
Is .... ;.
Bepeaie 3,045 2,489 2,685 5,565 3,750 I 4,600
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.236
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239
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240
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Oeprna 11HTaJ\bH.H "CTpocsiTH" ocHoBaHa B AeMKis
CbKiM ceAi 0Apexosa (CHHi1111HHa) B 1892 p. Oeprni
OCHOBYI011i 36opH Toi 11HTaJ\bHi BiA6yJ\HC.ff AH.ff 14.
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Ki11bKicmb Koonepamus na JleMKisw,uni, IJ!O Ha-
AemaTh AO Pesi3i:HHoro Co103y Y KpaiHChKHX Koone-
paTHB y 1934 p., B nosiTi IiosHH CaH11: 15 Koon.,
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AOM Kpy111Ka ,. PiARoi lliKo.11n" B C11aoyi, siA 22. XU. 1935 AO 2. II. 1936 p.
Ha csiT.11HHi 6aq1!Mo nposiA Kypcy i KypcaHTKH. CnAIHh a.npasa M-p. Aes
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245
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J!!O TH yqHHH.11..a . " AOBrO q!e cniea.11.aCH M0.11.0AHMH
AeMKaMH. BoHH paAwe rrpHcTaea.11.H 3 HaWHMH .11.IOAbMH,
HK 3i CBOiMH B06HHHMH TOBapHwaMH KaganaMH.
U,eii BII.11.HB yKpaiHCbKHX eiHCbKOBHX qacTHH po-
ciHCbKHX apMiii Ha AeMKiBJ!!HHi, _ Ta oceiAoM.11.eHHH
HawHx .11..IOAeii, f!!O rroeepHy.11.H 3 6yewoi Pocii, He
MOr .11..H He BII.11.HHYTH Ha Te, f!!O AaBHi MOCKBoq>i.11.bCbKi
rror.11.HAH AeMKie MaAi.11.H Ta c.11.a6.11.H. AeMKH cTa.11.H
giKaBHTHCH 6i.11.bwe yKpaiHCbKHM pyxoM ii Ma.11.H Ha-
AiIO, f!!O YKpaiHgi HHMH 6i.11.hwe 3aiiMyrhcH, HK AOCi.
!Ji H ~ A i i p03BHBa.ll.HCH, HK ceiToea eiiiHa A06ira.11.a
AO KIH!JSI.
3aK.ll.IOqeHHH MHpa ocepeAHHMH Aepm.aeaMH 3 MO
.11..0AOIO YKpaiHcbKOIO Peny6.11.HKOIO e 6epecT10 .11.H
TOBChKiM, 6y.11..o BHXiAHOIO TOtIKOIO HaAiii AeMKie.
B AeHKHX ce.11..ax AeMKiBq!HHH eiAc.11.ym.eHo 3 gei Ha-
rOAH ypoqHcTi Boroc.11.ym.eHHH npH ee.11.H11ae0My 3ABH3i
HapoAa. AeMKH cTa.11.H eipHTH, f!!O Hoea Aepmaea
249
Bi3hMe 6i4Hy, 3HHI,!!eHy BiHHOIO H: 3a6yTy AeMKiBI!!.HHY
B CBOIO oniKy. I Bi.I\ gei XBHAi AeMKiBI!!.HHa aa4Hxy
TbCH BiA HaHpi3HOpOAHilIIHX IIOfOAOCOK
1
HKi, TO
a6iAhlliYlOTb ii H3Aii, TO OXOAOAmyIOTb ii CIIOAiBaHHH.
3 KiHgeM moBTHH 1918 p. A011YAHCb AeMKH, l!!.O
gicap KapAo BHAaB MaHicpecT, B .ffKOMY 06ig10e ne-
pe6y 4osy AscTpii Ha Hapo4Hi AepmaBH. Mim iHIIIHMH
Mae IIOBCTaTH y1<paiHCbKa AepmaBa y CxiAHiH r aAH-
11HHi, Ta l!!.O 1<omHHH HapiA Mae BH6paTH Hagio
HaAbHY Pa4y, .ffKa nocTaBHTb csoi ma4aHHH AO Aep-
-..'
3azallbllUli sutJ Ha Micmo CRHiK, si11 cTopoH11 Tpenqi. Y ni11Hi111m11
MicTa n.l\Hse C1rn; iioro aaKpyra 6i.1111 .Ma.11oro Bo.110HH11.
maBH. Ao11yAHCH, l!!.O Y1<paittgi y AhBOBi nporoAo
CHAH caMOCTiHHy y1<paiHCbKY Aepmasy, 06iHMaI011H
giAy Tep11Topi10 3aceAeHy Y1<paiH!!HMH, B TiM i AeM-
KiBI!!.HHy. I Bme B nepIIIiH IIOAOBHHi AHCTOIIa4a 1918.
po1<y poaxo411TbCH no AeMKiBI!!.HHi TaKa ,,neBHa"
BiCTKa, l!!.O y1<paiHChKi BiHCbKa aaHHBIIIH AbBiB,
CTpHH, Aporo6H11, HAYTb Ha n0Mi11 AeMKiBI!!.HHi
H: yropcbKHM ,, PycttaKaM", o;rni niBHi 11HOIO Y ropl!!.H
HOIO, Apyri BiA CHHOKa. !JH noroAocKa Ay.me xa-
pa1<TepHCTH11Ha AAH HaAiH AeMKiB. 3aBARKH ii,
B OAHOMY ceAi - B HCeAbCbKOMY IIOBiTi, ycpopMO-
250
eaHO f!!OCb B pOAl Ml.l\l!J,ll, _.RKa IlO.l\ytIH
THCb 3 HacTyna1011010 yKpaIHCbKOlO apM16lO.
. OoK.l\aAalO'IH HaAilO Ha Maii6yTHlO n0Mi11, no11a.l\aCb
Ha AeMKiBJ!!HHi noeiHb ei11, HapaA Ta CXOAHH, .RKi
eiA6yea.l\HC.R Maiime e KO.mHoMy ceAi. OAHa11e gi Ha
paAH BHKOpHCTa.l\H CTapi ar'iTaTopH, .RKi 3HOBY 3
1
.RBH-
.l\HC.ff Ha AeMKiBJMHHi. BoHH 6a11y11H TenepimHi CHM
naTii HapOAY AO yKpaiHCbKOro pyxy, nopoayMiAH, f!!O
HapiA, .RKHH no MyKax e TaAepro<J>ax i e Pocii
C.l\YllIHO yeamae ix aa BHHOBHHKiB iioro HeAOAi, BiA-
e.epHeTbC.ff' eiA HHx. ToMy eaH.J\H cnpHTHO geii pyx
e ceoi pyKH. 3paay HllI.l\H cni.l\bHO a YKpaiHg.RMH
Ta BAaea.l\H ix ee.l\HKHX npH.RTeJ\ie. Bo He Mor.l\H
Hapaai He HTH a HHMH. 11ye npo M030.l\bHY
6opoTb6y YKpaiHgie y CxiAHiH fa.l\H'IHHi, no6a11He,
f!!O AaBHHH KJ\H'I ar'iTaTopie, 6yAbTO YKpaiHgi i flo-
.1\.RKH TO OAHO, ge 3.l\06Ha ix BHAYMKa. A eKiHgi
YKpaiHgi poaT.RrHyAH ceo10 HoeonoecTaAy Aepmaey
ii Ha AeMKiBJ!!HHy. _
Bi11a no11a.l\HCb B r opAH!J,bKOMY noeiTi. Ha HHX
maAaHO apa3y, f!!06 He Ai.l\HTH HapiA Ha napTii, .l\HllI
OAHHM <J>poHTOM HTH AO MeTH. I BAaeaAocH, f!!O Ha
piA noKHHe CTapy AOpory ii aeepHeTbC.ff aoeciM AO
yKpaiHCbKoi (Aepmae11) iAei. Ta He TaK CKAa.l\oc.R.
AriTaTopH, BHM11111, f!!O YKpa'iHgi ua AeMKiBJMHHi
aac.l\a6i, Ta, JMO HeMa HaAii Ha 3MigHeHH.ff yKpaiH-
CbKOi AepmaeH, 3MiHHJ\H <J>pOHT, - giAOlO CH.l\OlO
cTa.l\H HHJMHTH CHMnaTii AeMKie AO yKpaiHCbKoi iAei.
I no11a.l\H ropttyTH AO ce6e ttapoA cTapo10 AeMaro-
rie10 Ta HOBHMH K.l\H'laMH, f!!O ,,YKpaiHgi po36H.l\H
Poci10, f!!O BOHH .l\HllI npo BOKO BOlOlOTb 3 no.l\H-
KaMH, f!!O BOHH BHAaAH ix AO TaAepro<J>ie i T. n."
Ta JM06 BAaeaAOCH, f!!O eoH11 JMOCb AA.ff HapoAy
po6MITb, KHHYAH K.l\H11, f!!O AeMKiBJMHHa He Mo.me
HiHKHM npaBOM HaAemaTH AO no.l\bf!!i.
251
3 noBeHi Bill, BapTo araAaTH 6oAaH Ae.HKi, J!!06
BKa3aTH, .HK MOCKBoq>iAbCbKi ar'iTaTopH HHJ!!HAH cno-
AiBaHH.H AeMKiB Ta ix cuMnaTii AO yKpaiHCbKoi iAei.
AH.H 17. AHCTonaAa 1918 p. BiJ;6yAoc.R iHq>opMa-
!!iHHe Bille B CB.RTKoBii:i, Ha .HKOMY MOCKBoq>iAbCbKHH
ar'iTaTop, Co6itt, cTapaBc.ff poa6HTH Hapii, AiA.ffllH
i:ioro Ha MOCKBoq>iAiB i YKpaiH!!iB. KoAH ai6paHi
/leMKiBCbKi zocnoaapi - CBiAKH B npoyeci BeHAaCIOP.a, K o ~ A P H
j TOBapHllliB 8 } ') 14 p
. 3BepHyAH HOMY yBary, J!!O niA Tenepimmo nopy -
He nopaAHO BHOCHTH. p03AOP y HapIA, no1pHTOBa-
HHH KpHllaB, J!!O ,,yKpaiHCbKOi AepmaBH - aHi B Po-
cii, aHi B fa.MillHHi HeMa, 60 yce H2.CeAeHH.ff BBamae
ce6e pyccKHM". Ta 6allyllH cnpoTHB, aanoBiB roAOBHe
Bille B f AaAHlliOBi, Ae CilOAiBaBC.ff, J!!O TaM CBOIO
KHpHHHY po6oTy AOBeAe AO KiH!!.ff. 27. XI. 1918 p.
eiA6yAoc.R aanoBiAmeHe Bi'le B f AaAHIDOBi, KYAR
252
Y KpaiH!!,i, f Op./\H!!,bKOfO Ta f pH6iBCbKOfO nOBITIB,
aanpocH./\H ./\HCTOBHO Ae./\eraTie, IM06 no M02KHOCTH
HK Haii6iAhllle yaH./\O e HiM yirncTb. Ha
m.a./\b 6y./\o ge eiqe MOCKBocpiAhCbKOIO AeMOHCTpa-
gisIO. B KOMiTeTi 6y./\H ii YKpaiHgi, OAHaqe ix He
AOnyIMeHO AO C./\OBa, a qHc./\eHHi ai6paHi aI'iTaTopH
- piaHoro noKpOIO, no ,,C./\OBOC./\OBiHx" ceoix iAeH,
. . .
yxea./\H./\H peao./\IO!!,IIO Toro n0Kpo10 1 BMICTy, IMO
AeMKiBIMHHa - He Mome ttaAemaTH AO YKpaiHH ./\Hllle
AO Be./\HKoi Pocii, TO, IMO eoHa Mas BHCAaTH Ha
MHpoei neperoeopH ceoro Ae./\eraTa. B TiH gi.1\i
MaeTbCH e K02KHOMY ceAi eH6paTH no 5 qAeHie, IMO
y ecix cnpaeax MaIOTb BiAHOCHTHCH AO ,,PyccKoi
PaAH" B r./\aAHllleei. OoecTa.l\a TaK 3Batta: ,,Aer.1-
. KOBCKaH Pecny6./\HKa". no ce./\ax noqaJ\HCb BH6opH
araAaHHX qJlettie, HKi 36Hpa./\H CK./\aAKH Ha noiaAKY
Ae./\eraTa, IMO i:ioro i caMa "PyccKaH PaAa" He 3HaAa,
KYAH BHCH./\aTH. 3apHA2KeHo Aa./\bllle eu6ip B K02KHiH
rpoMaAi T. ae. ,,ci./\hCbKoro cyAy" a 4. qAeHie, HKi
3./\02KHBlllH B gepKBI npHCHry, Ma.l\H poacyAmyeaTH
. .
MeHllll npOCTYIIl\H rpoMaAHH l T. A
00AbCbKa B.l\aAa TO./\epyea.l\a apaay eiqa Ta aapH-
A2KeHHH ,,PyccKoi PaAH", 60 6yAa aacAa6a Ta ueyno-
PHAKoeaua, a AO !!,hOro cnoAiBa.l\acH, IMO 6opoTh6a
y KpaiHgie i MOCKBocpiAiB - BHHAe ii Ha A06po.
0AHaqe, B2Ke B rpyAHi 1.918 p. 0o.l\bIMa
CTa6 npHr./\HAaTHCH Ta IHTepecyeaTHC.ff poanO.l\lTH-
KOBaHOIO AeMKiBIMHHOIO, HaCH.l\ae ceoix ,,AerioHepie"
(TaK 3BaHO CKap6oey CTOpom.y), npHCH./\a6 nOK./\H-
KyIOqi KapTH AO nO./\bCbKOro eiHChKa, 2KaAa6 BH6opy
piaHHX KOMiciH i T. i.
MimgHM eepTaIOTb noAoHeHi a Pocii, IMO piaHHMH
AOporaMH qepea raJ\HqHHY A06HBaIOTbC.ff AOMiB. Ea-
raTbOX 3 HHX 6y.l\H B yKpa"iHCbKOMY BiHChKy, AOBllle
B HiM C.l\Y2KHTH He XOTiAH, .l\HllleHb qHMCKOpllle BTi-
253
KaAH AOMiB, npHHOCHqH CHHbOLKOBTi BiA3HaKH Ha
manKax Ta Halipi3HopoAHimi aicTi 3 nepe6iry yKpa-
iHCbKo-noAbCbKoi BiHHH. .
HapiA AoqyacH AOporo10 qepe3 yropcbKY Y KpaiHy,
J.!!,O B CTaHHCAaaoai AHH 3. ciqHH 1919 p. nporoAo-
meHo 3AJKY giA01 aacTpo-yropcbKoi YKpaiHH a Be-
,l/y31Ce zap11.a npuaopo'JIC11.a KanJLU'tKa
a ce.11i llilllIXOTCbKHii Bopo6.11HK.
AHKOIO YKpaiHOIO. Ha6paa 3Hoay HaAii, 60 AO 3AJKH
M a ~ a HaAemaTH ii AeMKiBJ.!!,HHa, Ta J.!!,O noMt q MOA0-
,11,01 ,11,epmaBH HeAaAeKa.
Oo6aqHBlllH Te, MOCKBocpiAhChKi Kopicpei ( rpegbKe
CAOBO: npoBiAHHKH Tpar'eAii) CTaAH po36HBa THCH aa
THM, J.!!,06 AeMKiBJ.!!,HHY npHAiAeHo, noKHJ.!!,O, AO 4exo-
CAoaaqqHHH. no BiA6YTTIO TaHHHX CXOAHH ,,PyccKaH
PaAa" pimHAa BHCAaTH 3 !JHM 6amaHHHM AenyTagi10
254
AO lJexie. npo BHi3AKY 'I.l\eHiB gei paAH XOAH.l\H
pi3Hi eicTi: lJex11 npHHH.l\H6 AeMKie niA ceoIO ,,BH
COKY pyKy"' HK Ha ge npHCTaHe y KpaiHa, 3aKHAa.l\H
AeMKaM 6aiiAymtticTb AO ceoei e.l\acHoi Aepmae11.
Ea, HaBiTh caM ro.l\OBHHH Ae.l\eraT AO lJex, o. fOpqa-
KeBH'I, npH3Hae, ,,i:go Haihimne 6yAo6, RK6H AeMKH
,,c06AHHH.l\HCH" 3 YKpaiH!JHMH CxiAHOi f a.l\H'IHHH".
f oeopH.l\OCb i TaKe, i:go lJexH CK.l\OHHl npHAY'IHTH
AeMKiBigHHY AO ceoei peny6AHKH, AOKH He eiA6y-
AY6ThCH PociH! TaKe LKaAaHHH nocTaBH.l\a ,,PyccKaH
PaAa Ha eittax y Cf>Abop11ugi, EpyHapax I<Ol\O fp11-
6oea, B Kp11HI1gi Ta Apyrnx MicgeeocTHX.
no.l\bChKi 'IaCOilHCH 3HH.l\H 3 !JbOrO npHBOAY KpHI<,
3BepTaIOIJH yeary IlO.l\bCbKOi B.l\aAH Ha !JIO po6oTy
.. poczci wych Starorusin6 w B AOnHci 3 Hoeoro
CaH'Ia ,, lntrygi czesko-rosyjskie na l.emkowszczyznie"
KpaKiBCbKHH Ill. Kurjer, npeACTaBHBIIIH ar'iTagiIO
cTapo-pyc11HiB 3a np11Ay1JeHHHM AeMKiBigHHH AO
lJexo-CAoeagbKoi Peny6AHKH, npH noMo'Ii nporo.l\o-
IIIeHHH IJeCbi<O"i B.l\aAH, IlOIIIHpIOBaHoi niA 3aro.l\OBKOM:
,,Hlas ruskeho lidu" Ta BHAaHoi no qecbKH i yKpa
iHCbKH, LKaAa6, i:go6 IlO.l\bCbKa B.l\aAa 3aHH.l\aCH geIO
ar'iTagie10, 60 ,,jest aby w panstwie
naszem spory najrozmaitrzego rodzaju precliczk6w
i czarnosie,cinc6w bezkarnie grasowa.fy po ca.fym
Podkarpaci u ! " Ha 'IO.l\i cTapopycbK01JecKoc.11.oeagoKoi
aKgii CTOHB noco.I\ AO raAH!JbKoro coliMy
HoTap 3i CHHOKa, aABOKaT a MyIIIHHH AP -TaccaM:,
HKHH nepe6yeae HK CTapopycbKHH MYLK AOBipH npH
'IeCbKiH a.11.aAi B npa3i, 6yBIIIHH IlOCO.I\ AO yropCbKOro
COHMY - AP AH. EecKHA 3 npHIIIeea, peAaKTOp
,,f 0.11.oca PyccKaro HapoAa" B npHIIIeBi - AMHTpo
BHC.11.0!JbKHH i AP npoK.l\HMagiH 3 9. II. 1919 poKy
3aHB.l\H6 a iMeHH AeMKie, i:go ,,BiA HHHi yeamaeTbCH
AeMKiei:gnHy HK aeToHoMi'IHY 'IaCTb lJexo-C.l\oeagbKoi
255
Peny6AHKH". A npHIIIiBChKHH "f oAoc Pycc1<aro Ha-
po.ita," opr'aH "KapnaTo-PyccKoH: Hapo4HoH: Pa.itH",
B AOnHci 3 AeMKiBigHHH ,,caMHM'b pi>IIIHTeJ\bHHM'b
o6pa30M'b" npoTecTye npoTH ,,A.i>AeHeH KapnaTcKoH
PycH H Tpe6ye Ha ocHoBaHiIO rrpaBa caMoorrpe4i>-
J\eHiH Hapo4Haro rOJ\ OCOBaHiH B'b drnepo3ana4HHX'b
KapnaTax'h Ha T. 3B. AeMKOBIJ!HHi>". !JeH: nAHH nAe-
6icgHTY 3agi1<aBHB Hanmx AeMKiB, OA.Ha11e garaJ\
r
CmapUHHa qepKBq s ceAi Mwaua K. AYKAi; AO siiiua AywnacTHprooae
TyT 6A. n. o. CTenae TapHoBH'I .
.itHByBaBcH, 110M}' yropcbKi YKpaiHgi He maA,aIOTb
TaKoro nAe6icgHTY Ha Yexo-CAoBagii. BnpaB4i ro-
BopeHo TYT npo flKecb npHAy11eHHfl yropcbKoi YKpa-
iHH A.O BeAHKoi YKpaiHH, Ta igo y1<paiHChKi BiHCbKa
3aHflJ\H B2Ke MapMopom-CHroT, r OMOHHy... 0A,Ha11e,
ge 6yAH J\HIIIe . BicTi, flKi cepeA. . TOAiIIIHix 11aciB He
HaJ\etK.aJ\H AO plAKOCTH ...
MimgHM AeMKiBChKi A,eAeraTH i34HJ\H no Yexax,
256
Hapa4myeB:./\11cH, Topryea./\11, rmpyea./\11, a HapIA ro-
4yeaecH BICTHMl1, .m4ae Ta TyMaHJB ...
. A T11MqacoM no./\bCbKa B./\a4a 3aKpinAH./\aCH Ha
AeMKieigi.rni. norpam1qHi ce./\a 06ca4meHO 3pa3y
T. 88. "./\erioHepaM11," Ta 3rOAOM CKap60Bl1Ml1 CTpam-
HHKaMH (38. ,,cpiHaHcaM11"), igo He ./\Hille Ma./\H CTe-
. .
perTH KOpAOHY -BIA nepeMl1T.HHKIB, a./\e Il11./\bHO r./\H-
AiTH 3a ariTagieIO, igo 3BiATaM Han./\HBa./\a. BHc./\aHO
. ... . .
TaKom. KapHI CI.I\, B HKHX CHAI./\H
BOAHPI qecJ>KOI Opl6HTagn Ta 3a OAHHM 3aMaXOM ll
3.1\IKBIAYBa./\H.
IJJe HKHHCb qac XOAH./\H no ceAax J\.eMKiBJ!!HHli
rAyxi eicTi, igo AeMKH 6yAyTb TaKH npHAyqeHi AO
qecbKO'i !Ji eicTH Hlll./\H 3 AMepHKH, HKa
Ma./\a 3aHHTHCH AO./\eIO AeMKiBJ!!HHH.
THMqacoM YKpaiHcbKa ApMiH, BHCHameHa e He-
pieHHx 6qHx .3 Eo./\blllCBHKaMH, 3. no./\HKaMH, MaAH-
BAeCHTKyeaHa TH<f>OM, 6e3 eiAno:
BIAHOI. Kl./\bKOCTH. 3AaHa ./\Hille
B./\aCHI CH./\H, MYCI./\a Ma./\ITH Ta ycTynHTH BKIH!Jl 3a
pitrny 36pyq.
A B CxiAHiH . r a./\HqHHi IlO./\bCbKi 00./\KH Hlll./\H
no6iAHO enepeA. HeeAaqy AeMKH eiAqY./\H Ta cTpa-
TH./\H BCHKY HaAiIO, HKOIO nepllle iKH./\H, igo y KpaiHgi,
3aBO./\OAiBlllH CxiAHOlO r a,/\HqHHOIO, yniMHYTbCH i 3a
AeMKiB. PieHom npona./\o cnoAiBaHHH, igo AeMKiB-
IJ.!HHY npHAyqaTb AO 4exo-CAoeaqqHHH. AriTagiio
3AYIIICHO, a npOBOAHpi qecbKOi opraHi3agii noxo-
Ba./\HCb ...
B ,,YKpaiHCbKOMY CKHTa./\bgi" Ai6epegb 1920 p.
4. q, HaXOAHMO giHHi MaTepiHAH, HanHcaHi BoAOAH-
MHpoM BHHorpaACbKHM niA Baro./\OBKOM ,,3 AHie
6opoTb6H. CnoMHHH ./\HCTonaAoeoro nepeeopoTy
B EaAHropoAi i AicbKY."
3Hoey Bi BeiTy Apa MHxaH:./\a CDiAbga ,,3 AOporH
257
3j 3aKonaHoro AO Abeoea", AOBiAyElMOCH, igo e qaci
Mim 1. i 4. .l\HCTonaAa 1918 p. npHHIII.l\a a Hoeoro
CaHqa eicTKa, igo TaM poaopymHAH Ta iHTepHyea.l\H
YKpa'iHgie 10 noAKY nixoTH, igo aaHoCHTbC.H Ha
' iHTepuyeaHHH YKpaiHgie y 3aKonaHiM. CTapIIIHHH
YKpaiHgi 6yAH piIIIeHi 3Ao6yTH BAaAy HaA 10. no.1\-
KOM i MiCTOM, OAHaqe BHacAiAOK IlOKJTHbOro iHq>op-
MyBaHHH - IloAHKH eHnepeAH.l\H YKpaiHgie, poaopy-
LKHAH ix Ta iHTepHyea.l\H. !Je CTa.l\OCH B Hoqi 1. AH-
CTOilaAa 1918 p.
BoiJocs11mm11 B BoCbKY ea piyi BHc.11iK, a 19.36 p.
ToAi iHTepHoeaHo oKo.l\o 800 cTpiAhgie Ta 35
cTapIIIHH. AAe cKopo ix BHnyigeHo. CTapIIIHHH, po-
aiHIII.l\HCH IIIHpoKo no AeMKiBIQ,HHi, igo6 oceiAOM.l\IO-
eaTH AeMKie Ta iHq>opMyeaTH ix npo noAomeHHH,
HKe Tenep naHye B cxiAHiH qacTHHi KpaIO.
Y CHHogi B3H.l\H BAaAy e ceoi pyKH CToAHKH. 3a-
ripH HaXOAH.l\OCH AHH 7 . .l\HCTOilaAa 1918 p. B JKpa-
iHCbKHX pyKax, AonyigeHo AO MiAigii CToAHKie i LKH-
AiB. CToAHKH TeopHAH 3HHKOMY MeHIIIiCTb (KoAiHpi),
a MiAigiio 3opraHiayeaAH cogiHAbHi-AeMOKpaTH.
IAioCTpoaaea ICTopl11 .l\e11Kla111aea 17
258
BKiHgi Ayme TaKom eamHi noAii "OKpymHoro Ko-
Micapi.RTY BHcAoKa Ta KoMaHhqi".
!Jeii pyx Ha AeMKiBigHHi, xoqa He npHHic cnoAi-
eaHux HacAiAKiB, Mae !!10 A06py CTopoHy, igo BOHa
poapyxaAac.R Ta cTpaT11Aa 6araTo a AaBHboro yne-
peAmeHH.R AO yKpaiHCbKoi iAei. YKpaiHChKi cTpeMAiHHH
Ta HaAii 3 qacis BeJ\H.KHX AHiB - He nponaJ\H Ha
AapMO .
HapiA ropHeTbCH AO yKpaiHCbKOi KHH2KKH Ta qa-
conucy, .RKoro nepeAllie ii He BHAiB i He qye.
!Je ece cnpuqnHHAo, igo AeMKieiguHa - MHMO
npaBOCJ\aBi.R - MHMO HeBiAp3AHHX o6cTaBHH, BHXO-
AHTb Ha qHcTi BOAH HapOAHbOro BiApOA2KeHHH. !Jeii
pyx oxonue giAy AeMKieiguHy Ta HeMae CHAH, igo
iioro . 3AepmaAa6u ...
TaqbKufi sapcmam - opocHa
e KoMaBb'li, C11aiK.
1
Ce. JI. Cl>a.11bKoecKi.
3AKAPnATT5I B ICTOPI14HOMY CBIT Al.
nepmy BiCTKY npo 3 889
'KO.l\H caMe MaAHpH, BIABllJHHM III.l\.RXOM C.l\IAaMH ryHIB
i aeapie (Ko11iBHHIJHX, AHKHX Il.l\eMeH) npHMaHAPYBaAH
a Aaii, nepeiimAH ropH 6ecKHAH i poaTa6opHAHC.R
3 ee.l\HKHM TPYAOM - ge oaHa11ae no yropcbKH:
,,MyHKa" (MHHKaq-Mukacevo). Uo COpOK,lJ,eHHbOMY BiA-
noqHHKY 3,lJ,o6yAH CTOAHJ!IO ,lJ,O.l\ilIIHbOi y KpaiHH
1
) 3BaHy '
YHr'. 0AHaqe BOLKA yKpaiHgie, AH6opgb npoTHCTa-
BHBCH yrpaM, aanrnye y 6HTBi 3 yrpaMH HaA pi11KoIO,
J!!O ii eiA iioro iMeHH HaaeaAH: AH6opHge10 {g.R
Haaea 3a,lJ,ep2Ka.l\aCH AO CbOrOAHi).
3Hoey npo caMy nepeAicTopuqHy KYAbTypy 3a-
KapnaTT.R BKaays HaHHOBima (a .l\HIIH.R 1935 p.) giHHa
apxeoAoriqHa HaxiAKa e ceAi OnoKiBlJRX
1
6iAH YLK-
ropOAY TaM HaH1II.l\
0
H npu KaHaAy AAH
e.l\6KTpHqHHX npoBO,lJ,18 B KaMeHOJ\.OMI ABaJ!.RTb ne-
peAiCTOpHqHHX IIOCYAHH. 3 HHX Ti.l\bKH n.RTb a6e-
per.l\OC.R e giAoCTH. BoHH e rAHHHHi Ta 6ea LKaAHHx
npHKpac. 3Haegi cTeepAHAH, J!!O ge noxopoHHi ypHH.
Ix eiK ogiHIOIOTb npH6.l\H3HO Ha qoTHpH a6o ii n.RTb
THC.RIJ poKie. CaMa HaxiAKa AyLKe eapTicHa i eaaraAi
nepma J!bOro poAy Ha 3aKapnaTTi.
3aKapnaTT.R o6HHMa6 caMi CK.l\OHH KapriaT AO
nieAH.R paaoM eiA aaxoAy ai CnimchKOIO 3eMJ\.eIO,
np.RIIIiBIJ!HHOIO Ta B.l\aCTHBHM 3aKapnaTT.RM 3 MiCTOM
y LKropOAOM.
1
) IJJeaca11 MopaecKi: Slldecczyzna, KpaKie, 1863.
17*
260
AaAeKo Ha BaxiAHIH MeLKi yKpaiHcbKHx 3CMC.l\b -
noMiLK noAbJ!!ClO H CAOB81111HHOIO, THrHCTbCH BY3bKe
naCMO rip reTb aLK AO pi11KH flonpaAy, 3aCe.l\eHe
yKpaiHgHMH AeMKaMH. BiA roAoeHoro MicTa gei
OKpyrH - Upnmeea Ha3HBa6TbCH giAa 3CM.l\H Upn-
miecbKOIO. TeneA eoHa 3 roAOBHHM MiCTOM, KomH-
!!HMH, HaAeLKHTb AO CxiAHhoi C.l\oea1111HHH, e MeLKax
4exocAoeagbKOi Peny6AHKH. B nieHi11HiH: 11acTHHi
TipnmiBJ!!HHH, y CxiAHix EecKHAax - e OKO.l\Hgi,
J!!O Ma6 HapOAHlO H33BY ,,MaKOBHgi"' cepeA AyLKe
rapHoi MicgeeocTH 6 HeeeAH'llKe MicTo EapAiie HaA
pi11Ko10 Tono.l\eIO. Pa3oM j3 UpnmeeoM ge HaHcTaprne
MicTo He Ti.l\bKH Ha UpnmiBJ!!HHi, a.l\e Ha giAiH 3a-
KapnaTCbKiH: YKpaiHi. Y AaBHHHi, 11epe3 EapAiie eis
AyLKe eamHHH Toproee.l\bHHH Ill.l\HX, J!!O AY11HB YKpa-
iHy H: 3' 0KpeMa faAH'llHHY Bi CAoeaq11HH010, Yrop-
J!!HHOIO H: AaAi 3 6a.l\KaHcbKHMH cAos' HHaMH, h "aAia10
(HeAapoM ce.l\HHH UpeAyK - KoMaHe1111HHa -- ttaH:-
Ill.l\H npH pocKoni AOporH, CTapi pHMChKi MOHeTH)
Ta HHillHMH nieAeHHo-eaponeH:cbKHMH KpaHMH. !JH
Aopora H:mAa 3 EapAiaea 11epea MicTe11Ko 36opie,
AYK.l\HHCbKHH npocMHK Ha KopocHo, CHHiK i Uepe-
MHill.l\b. KpiM Toro 6yAo J!!e Ki.l\hKa MeHmHx AOpir,
J!!O 3 faAH'llHHH cxoAHAHCH AO EapAiaaa. 4epe3
EapAiia AO faAH'llHHH npHB03HAH 3 nieAeHHhoi H: 3a-
xiAHboi EeponH He Ti.l\hKH q>a6pH11Hi Toeapi, a.Ile
TaKOLK pi3HOMaHiTHi MHCTeghKi BHpo6H, KHHLKKH, TKa-
HHHH, CK.l\O, nepesaLKHO 3 HiMegbKHX Ta iTaAiHCbKHX
MicT, oco6AHBO 3 BeHegii. 3 YKpaiHH Ha YropJ!!HHY
H: AaAi B03H.l\H ro.l\OBHO xyAo6y, q>yTpa, oAiii, ciAh.
4epe3 ge 6apAiiBCbKHH Ill.l\HX Mas nepmopHAHe 3Ha-
11iHHH a nomHp10eaHHIO nieAeHHOeeponeH:cbKOi KY.l\h-
TypH H: MHCTegTea Ha Y KpaiHi.
UiAa UpHmiBJ!!HHa 6yAa 3aceAeHa yKpaittgHMH J!!C
B XI cTo.l\iTTIO, ge6To 900 poKiB ToMy. fliBHime
/
261
. . . .
noqaJ\H CIOAH npHXOAHTH HIMCJ!bKI KOJ\bOHICTH, .ffKl
ociAaAH, Haii6iAbllle no MicTax. Oepllla eiAoMiCTb
npo Op.RllliBIJ!HHy, 3' npo
B raAHJ!bKO-BOJ\HHCbKOMY J\ITOilHCI 3 qacrn TaTap-
CbKOI'O norpoMy e 1241 p. ToAi raAHJ!bKHH KopoAb
AaHHAo, BTiKa10qH nepeA TaTapaMH ,,iillloe j3 Yrop-
IJ!HHH AO noJ\bIJ!i Ha EapAiie".
CaMe MicTo qH naK oceA.R .6yAo mKe 3 noqaTKY
XIII. cToJ\iTT.R; 6ap,lliiachKa 3aJ\i3HCTa MiHepaAbHa
BOAa, qH .ffK CCJ\.ffHH Ha3HBaIOTb "KBacHa BOAa ,, ' rio-
MiqHa Ha pi3Hi xopo611, 6yAa eiA<>Ma eme e XIII. CT.
a e Apyriii nOJ\OBHHi XVII. CT. BOAY eme po3B03HJ\H
y nA.RllIKax. ByAH TaM TaKom y cTapoe1rny KOFI3J\bHi
aoAoTa ii cpi6Aa. BoHH icHyeaAH e XIV-XV. cT.,
a.l\e qepe3 qacTi HanaAH Ta eiHHH . 3I'OAOM 6y.l\H 3a-
KHHeHi - KpaIJ!i noKJ\aAH eiAKPHAH e Cpi6Hiii 3eMAi.
Tenep ceiAqHTb npo HHX J\Hllle Ha3Ba ceAa 3oAoTe
(3oJ\OTe CCJ\O, IlOJ\e). .
Haiittec110KiHHillli qacH AA.ff Op.RllliBIJ!HHH npHna-
AaIOTb Ha xv. CT., KOJ\H TYT IlOCTiHHo Be.l\HC.ff eiHHH
. I B
Ml2K yropCbKHMH Ta IlOJ\bCbKHMH KOpOMIMH. poKax
1393-1414 BOJ\OAapeM MaKOBHJ!i 6ye noAiJ\hCbKHH
KH.ff3b <PeAip Kopi.RTOeHq, IJ!O npHHllIOB Ha 3aKap-
naTCbKY YKpaiHy 3 KaM.ffHJ!H noAiAbCbKOI'O. OiA Ki-
HeJ!b XVI. CT. i AO poKy 1601. MaKoBHJ!H 6yAa
BJ\aCHiCTIO 80.1\HHCbKOI'O KHH3.ff lsaHa 0cTp03bKOfO,
cTapllloro CHHa aHaMeHHToro KottcTaHTHHa 0cTp03b
Koro. Ko.l\o EapAiGsa a6epircH HaeiTb naM' .RTHHK,
no6yAoBaHHH IsaHoM OcTpoabKHM y 1590. pogi.
0Attaqe HaHBHIJ!a BAaAa HaA Op.RllliBIJ!HHOIO
cnoq1rna.l\a B pyKax yropCbKOI'O KOpOAH Ta yropCbKOI
lll.l\.RXTH, . AAH .RKHX 6yAa 6aiiAyma AOJ\.R qymoro iM
. ttaceAeHHH. KpaIJ!i qacH HacTaAH AHllle TOAi, .RK
xpa6M 80.1\0AiB IlOBCTBHCJ!b CTenaH ooqKaH (1604-
-1606), IJ!O ,,3a6e:-meqyeas HaceAeHHIO ceo6oAy pe-
262
Airii H o6Memyaaa caaaoA10 KopoA1a qymoi uapoA:
uocTu". Te caMe niATBepAmyaaAH ceMuropoACbKt
KHHai PaKogii, i,go BOJ\OAiAH flpHmiai,guuo10 npo,4oam..
giAoro XVII. cToAiTTH. .HK BiAOMO, IOpiH PoKogiii
(cTapmuu) aia neperoeopu a reTbMaHoM Eor,i'lanoM
XMeJ\:bHH!,!bKHM i aaKJ\IOIJHB ia HHM co10a npoTH
floAbI,gi, TaKom IOpiu PaKogiH II. (MoAOAlIIHH) y giH:
cnpaai XO,i\HB noXOAOM AO faAHIJHHH, Ae TOAi nepe-
6yaaJ\H KoaaghKi aiHcbKa. EaraTo BHTepniAo uace-
J\eHHH flpHiiiiBI,gHHH a" 1820 p., B qaci nepeXOAY
MOCKOBCbKOro a B Apyre B poKax 1848-
1849, KOJ\H MocKaAi HlII.l\H AOnoMaraTH aacTpiHCbKiH
Kopoui npoTH yropcbKoro peuoA10giHuoro pyxy . Ta
BKiugi niAtJac OCTaHHbOi aiHHH B 1914-16 poKax.
B 1916 p. npuAytJeuo giAe 3aKapnaT'.I'H AO 4exo-
Ta B flpHlIIiBJ!!,HHi 3HOBY Ha-
CTa.l\O Bl.l\bHilIIe mHTTH.
KoAH a.me Moaa npo 3a1<apnaTTH, uaaeAeMo B aa-
KiHtJeuui KopoTKO npo y1<paiucb1<i aeMAi no TOH 6iK
KapnaT, ua caMHX ripcbKHX CKAouax, i,go eucoey-
6TbCH B M3AHpCbKHH HH3. !Je Harne CTapoAaBH&
3aKapnaTTH. Hami npe.itKH, AeMKH, y A3BHiH .itaa-
uuui aaHHAH noAyAneai CTOKH KapnaT, poa6pHAHCH
reu - no yKpaiHCbKiH HH3HHi Ta ceMuropOACbKiH
BHCOKopiaui. 3ro,IJ,OM . BHTHCHY.l\H ix BiATiAH 80.1\0XH
Ta MaAHpH, aAe a VI. cToAiTTH noquua101JH, aaiiMa-
IOTb yKpaiugi ac10 nicKOBHKoay cMyry KapnaT, ei.1t
flonpa.11.y no 3oAoTy EucTpng10.
I KuiacbKa i faAH!,!bKo-BoAOAHMHpcbKa Aepmaea
poaTHraAa cao10 B.l\aAy ii ua 3aKapnaTTH, i,go aaa-
.1\0CH TOAi KopoTKO - Kpaiuo10. B XIV. aigi no
mupHAH yKpaiucbKi KHHai Me.mi Kpaiuu .rAu6uHy
M3AHpCbKOi TepHTopii, a.l\e 3 yna,4KOM f 3J\H!,!bKO-
Bo.l\HHCbKOi Aepmaau, niAna.l\o 3aKapnaTTH niA Ma-
AHpCbKY B.l\aAy.
263
!Ji aeMAi, BiA HaHA3BHilIIHXj qaciB, B mopCTOKHH
cnoci6 BHKOpHCToByBaHi, HaceAeHHH He MO.lKe o6i-
rHaTHCH BiA 6eaHaCTaHHHX ApaqoK, TO.lK aa6AHO Ma-
6MO HapOAHi IlOBCTaHHH Ha 3aKapnaTTi. neplIIHM
6yAo AepmaBHe IlOBCTaHHH neTpa neTpOBHqa, Mi2K
1310 Ta 1321 p.; BiATaK IlOBCTaHHH KMeTiB npoTH
MaI'HaTiB B ] 336 pogi; - IlOBCTaHHH "Kypygia" niA
npoBOAOM lOpiH Aoemi npoTH IIIJ\HXTH B 1514 p.
3AaBJ:IB i:f oro laaH 3anoAiH eapeapCbKHMH aeipcTaaMH
i mopcTOKOCTHMH. Aoamy cnaAeHo - Ha nocTpax
- .lKHBgeM, 70 THCHq ceJ\SIH y6HTO i 50 ciA cnaJ\eHO.
YeproBHM 6yAo noecTaHH.R leaaa !Jicap.R B 1631 p.
npOTH naHiB Ha noTHCci; IlOBCTaHHH 3eMilJ\Hf!!HHH
B 1687 p. - PaKiegH !3 1703-1708 p. - onpHmKia
ai 3eMnAef!!HHi B 1831 pogi, J!!O AaJ\O TeMy AO Ha-
IlHCaHH.R IllCHl:
,,HaA TaTpoe ca 6AicKa". .
OcTaHHiM 6yAo KpHeaee noecTaHHH a Me.lKHA.R6o-
pegbKiH OKpyai, J!!O IlOllaJ\OCH eeCHOlO 1935 p., ai
ceAa YepTH.lKHboro i fa6ypH.
npHqHHOlO THX CBiX IlOBCTaHb 6yAo, a6o HeBAO-
BOJ\eHH.ff aaKapnaTCbKHX AeMKie Ta ix 6eaeHXiAHe
IlOJ\O.lKeHH.ff, a6o - HK ge M3J\O Micge eecHOlO 1935 p.
- pimaIOqHM y IlOBCTaHHi 6ye HagioHaJ\bHOIlOAi-
THqHHH MOMeHT. - ,,MH xoqeMO TiJ\bKH CB06 i AO
MaraeMOCH npuAyqeHH.R AO MaTipHoro IlHH" - - OCb
6oAHK, J!!O eiA eiKie qepBHTb aaKapnaTCbKoro AeMKa.
3a6yToIO ceoiMH 6yAa AO qacy peeoA10gi"i e AecTpo
YropJ!!HHi eiTKa yKpaiHCbKoro HapoAy Ha 3aKapnaTTi.
3AaB3J\OC.ff, l!JO BOHa YTOHe B Mat(HpCbKOMY Mopi;
ii a6o M3AHpoq>iAbCbKa, .a6o
CbKa, 30BC1M He HaA H3!!10H8J\bHHM OCBl-
AOMJ\eHH.ffM, Ta rroAITHqHuM 1 KYAbTYPHHM BHABHrHeH-
HHM ceoiioro HapoAy. l!!o 6iAbmel BiA 1849 AO
1918 p. He giKaBHJ\aCH AOJ\elO ceoix aaKapnaTCbKHX
264
6paTiB noAiTHtIHa peripeaeHTagiH yKpailicbKoi aeMAI
:H EyKOBHHH, !JbOro 6eanepetIHoro yKpaiHCbKoro
Oi6MOHTY AO qacy aeAHKoi pociHCbKOi peaoA10gii
- B 1917 p. (Ap. M. AHAPYCHK: r OMiH yKpaiHCbKOi
AepmaBHOCTH H: co6opHOCTH Ha 3aKapnaTTi).
CaMi yKpaiHCbKi raAH!JbKo-6yKoBHHCbKi noAiTHKH,
AYMaIOtIH BiA notiaTKY caiToaoi aiHHH npo HeaaAemHy
YKpaiHy, cenapyaaAH ce6e aiA ceoiioro aaKapnaT-
CbKoro ,,HaiiMeHmoro 6paTa". EoHJ\HCH BHABHrHyTH
maAaHHH ,,f oAOBHoi YKpaiHCbKoi-PycbKoi Pa,11H" y
Abaoei Ta yropcbKHX YKpaiHgie a 1849 p.
B 1849 p. BHCJ\aAH yKpaiHgi AO.
Abaoaa caoro AeAeraTa, J!!,O oTeepTo aaHBHB nepeA
raAH!JbKHMH noAiTHKaMH a f 9AoeHoi PaAH ocb J!!,O:
,,YropcbKi YKpaiHgi 6amaIOTb, J!!,06 aiA YropJ!!,HHH
6y AH BiAAiAeHi H: HK y noAiTHtIHiM TaK ii aAMiHicTpa-
!JiHHiM 3rAHAi 6yAH npHAytieHi AO yKpaiHCbKOi qaCTH-
HH faAHtIHHH". BoHH 6oHAHCH gHM ocKop6HTH gi-
i MaAHpiB - !JHX Haii6iAbIIIHX KaTiB i eima-
TeJ\IB Hamoro HapoAy.
Y acTynHiii cTaTTi qaconHcy Ukranin - Ukran-
Magyar kapcsolatok sremleje (YKpaiHa, orAHA yKpa-
iHCbKO-MaAHpCbKHX eiAHOCHH), J!!,O noqae BHXOAHTH
g notiaTKOM 1916 p. a EyAanemTi, aaaHatieHo, J!!,O
,,niA Y Kpa'iHoIO Tpe6a poayMiTH TY o6AaCTb, HKY
o6iH:Ma6 yKpaiHCbKe HaceAeHHH no ApyriM 6ogi .nie-
,11eHHo-cxi,11Hix KapnaT' y r aJ\HllHHi, Ha EyKOBH_Hi Ta
8 nie,11eHHiH 11acTHHi pociH:cbKoro(?) HHay". ,, Ukrania"
ni,11qepKyaaAa, J!!,O Ma,iiHp ,,HiKOAH He aapaxoay6 CIOAH
THX . yropc!'KHX I!!?
mHBYTb y mBHltIHO-CXIAHIX KOMITaTax, I J!!,O BIH HI-
KOJ\H He YTOTOmHI06 ix 3 yKpaiH!JHMH, OTme BHKJ\l0-
11a6 ix aoaciM a noHHTTH YKpaiHgi" .
1
) AAH ei,ii,iiiAeHHH
1
) A- AopoweeKo: YropcbK& YKpai:ea, CTpara 1919, (c-r. 26-27).
265
3aKapnaTTH BIA y Kpaittgis aanpoBaAHB yropCbKHH
YPHA B qac1 CBITOBOI BIHHH J\aTHHKy .
-. CepeA TaKHX o6cTaBHH aacTaB aaKapnaTCbKHx
yKpaiHgia poasa.I\ aacTpo-yropcbKoi ,, TIOpMH Hapo-
AiB". Ey6ysaHHH yKpaiHCbKOi AepmaBH Ha CTpHAHi-
npHHJ!!HHi H B r a.l\HlJHHi He OCTa.l\O 6ea BIIJ\HBY H Ha
3aKapnaTTH, HK npo ge AOBiAyeMOCH 3 BHAaHoi J!!e
a 1924 p . . BHAaBHH!!TBOM ,,Hosa fpoMaAa" y BiAHi
- KHH2KKH OpTocKona: ,,AepmaaHi aMaraHHH CTpH-
KapnaTCbKoi y KpaiHH".
I'ocnoiJapcbKi aa6yiJysaHHR ea npnxoAcTai
a PnMaHiecbKiii 3aaa11gi.

3AKIH4EHHH.
y AOilOBHeHHIO reorpaq>itIHO-iCTOpHtIHOro HatiepKy
KapnaTCbKHX 3eMeAb, HK TaKoLK AAH noLKHTOtIHoro
BHK838HHH Haworo MHHyAoro - igo6 MH He OCTa-
BHAH 380AHO irpaWKOIO B HeBi,.11,nosi,.11,HHX Ta
31:f8HHX pyKax - npHrMIHeMOCSI KOpOTKO Ha
MICgeBOCTH, igo H8XO,ll,HTbCH Ha npocTop1 !!IAHX
KapnaT. .
3sepHiM ysary Ha xpe6eT KapnaT i Ha OKOAHgi,
igo MeLKyIDTb 6eanocepeAHO 3 !!HM xpe6ToM, Ta TYT
6atIHMO BeAHKY no,.11,i6HiCTb ii pisHiCTb reorpaq>itIHHx
Ha3BHig HaWHX oceAb i MicgeBOCTeH.
MiLK ,.11,LKepeAaMH CHHY ii Y m:'a AeLKHTb Y LKOK;
1
)
noMiLK CoAHHKOIO Ta CHHOM - MaHLKe Ha xpe6Ti
PocToKa, pitIKOIO lllHpoKolO (4epoKa) cxoAHMO AO
CTapHHi, piK010 Pono10 BiA BHcosoi Ha nisHitI i TO
no npaBiH CTopoHi Toi . piKH ,ll,OXOAHMO AO oceAi
0aHTHa, IgO AeLKHTb Ha ni,.11,HiLKLKIO MiLK ropolO ,43H-
Mapo10 Ta Marypo10. TyT Ha pitigi Poni, oce.Ai YcTe
PycbKe, PonHgH PychKa cBiAtiaTb, igo TaK ,.11,aAeKo
cHraAo yKpaiHCbKe HaceAeHHH Ta HaA Pono10 Memy-
BaAo a oKpeMHM Hapo,.11,oM ni,.11, orAHAOM iioro Mo-
BH Ta noAiTHtIHOIO np1rnaAemHicT10. 0oAi6Hi oce.Ai
PycbKa no.l\HHa - Mi2K ,ll,LKepeAaMH Co.AHHKH Ta
lliHpoKoi - ,.11,aAbWe PycbKHH nyTb noMim ,.11,mepe-
AaMH AHTOptIH Ta A106oripKH --:- pycbKHH Ai.A Mim
'
1
) AP I. lllapaHeBH'l : YKasaTeAb AO KapTHHH seMeAb nepeA ii sa
KapnaTaMH. Absis 1869.
(
267
l.JepeMOIIIeM i BH30M BKaayIOTb Ha ge, IMO r aAH!JbKa
YKpaiHCbKa 3eMAH MemysaAa a HeyKpaiHcbKHMH aeM
AHMH.
2
) He MeHIIIY sary Tpe6a npHBHaysaTH AO
"ypoqHIM" B ~ o p a x KapnaTa:C, IMO BKaay101:b Ha no-
XOAH TaTap I ApyrHX KOqlBHHqHx HapOAIB qepe3
KapnaTH, caMe: TaTapH, KoaapHCbKa Ha aaxiA BiA
TaTpis HeAaAeKo AyHaiign i1 Pa6H, TaTapiBKH B ro
YKpaiHCbKe BeCillllR Ha neMKiBUJ,UHi B Celli Pu.MaHiBCbKQ 3aBaiJKa.
Ha i.MocTpayi'i 6a611Mo 4. aeciA1>s11x ,1.1pya6ia a Tooipi,&HMH i aaKaiTqaeHMH
KaneAroxaMH, MO.l\OAH!!IO a M0.1\0,/.IHM Ta caoi'MH 4. ,1.1pyaKaM11, a sieKaM11
6apaisKy ii KRiToK sa ro1.oai, sesicTH y m11poK11x ci>ayeA11Kax, no cepe,1.111ei
cTOlTb cTapocTa ii CH./.IHTb Bop. o. M11xaii1.o 1Ken.1111Hc1>KHH, Micyea11ii napox,
y AOAi .Koposaii". !Je ,1.1yllle gissa i raps a csiTAHHa.
pax Mim OnopoM i Csiqe10 (piKH Ha 6oi1KiBIMHHi),
TaTapiB HaA npyTOM (npyTgeM) i neqeHimHH no
npasiH: CTopoHi npyTa (fygyAbIMHHa), TaTapKa piqKa
BJ\HBa6TbCH AO CyqasH, TaTapKa piqKa 21.0 EHcTpHgi
') .3aMiTKH a icTop11qe11x ,l.l!KepeA D0,/.186MO Ha ye, iyo6 KOll\HllH llHTa'I
seas, IJ&O icTopill - ye csJ1THHJ1 npae,1.111.
268
. am.ge .!JicHoi, TapTypa ypotIHCbKO i TaTypa noAHHa
DO AiBOMY 6epeai pitIKH .!JicHOi. 0oAi6HO HK ypo-
1lHCbKa MaIOTb icTOpHtIHe 3HatiiHHH, TaK caMO Ha3BH-
IJ!a oceAh f1aHTHa no o6ox CTopoHax KapnaT,
BKaayIOTb Ha CTapHHHI nyTH, IJ!O Ha HHX HaaBaHa
oceAH HaXOAHAaCH. CaMe: naHTHa Ha nyTH 3 Yrop-
IJ!HHH BAOB2K piKH Ponu, nonepeK ii cxiAHix npHTOK
Mim. ropo10 Marypo10 Ta AaHMapo10, OyTHAH ii Y CT6
OyTHAH HaA npHTOKOIO 4epeM0111a, OyTHa Ha ropax '
i BOAOAiAi Mim. 6ucTpnge10 Ta MoAAaBoIO, Ae BHilAH-
ea6 OyTiia, npuToKa MoAAaBH.
3 caMHX sepIIIKiB rip 6eCKHAa BHilAHBa6 piKa
CHH, AHicTep, CTpHH Ta Tuca - arAHAHO npoTH-
nc>Aom.eHi J:!HM piKaM npHTOKH Tucu.
1
) Opu giH ropi,
HeAaAeKo A2KepeA CHHY i AHicTpa, IJ!O 6epyTb no-
qaTKH B THX caMHX Ay6oBHX Aicax, CTOHAa KpinOCTb
a6o ropoA Co6HHb. I ge HaBOAHTb Ha TaKHH caMHH
ropoA no6i1I A2KepeA OpyTa - HeAaAeKO 4opHoi
r opH - npoaeaHHH r opOAOK i MattaCTHp. .!Je BKa-
ay6, IJ!O Ha nyTH 3 Y rOplJ!HHH AO f aAH'IHHH CT-0.ffAH
MaHaCTHpi, B HKHX Bi,l{IJO'IHBaAH B qaci IlOAOpom.eii
yKpaiHCbKi KHHai. I TaK 6a'IHMO KOpOAH AttApeH Ha
qoAi ceoro eiHcbKa, y nepexoAi qepea ropu Ta Ha
BiAnO'llHHKY B MaHaCTHpi B AeAecoei TaK02K tta-
XOAHMO KHHaa AaHHAa B AOpoai 3 Y rop AO Y Kpa-
iHCbKHx 3eMeAb - B MaHaCTHpi CB. 6oropOAHJ:!i
B CuHeBiACbKY Ha HiqAiry (6oiiKiBIJ!HHa). AaAbIIIe
ypo'IHIJ!a r opOAOK i MaHaCTHp no6iq A2KepeA OpyTa,
Ae 4opHa fopa BiAMem.oey6 A2KepeJ\a OpyTa i Tucu;
AaAbIIIe ypotIHIJ!e 3aM1IHIJ!e HaA OpyToM, KOAO .4eAH-
THHa, no npaeiH cTopoHi OpyTa; HaA
1
) OoAbCbKHH icTopHK .lt;lyrow nHwe: iyo Ha eepwKy EecKHAa CTOHB
KaMiBBHH rpaHH'lRHH CTOBO ll yKpaiHCbKHM HanHCOM, OOCTaBJ\eHHH KH.
AbBOM, Ta osaa11yeae e 11pyriH noJ\oBHBi. XV. croAiTTll rpaeHyi Milll Yrop-
JYHHOJO Ta yKpaiHCbKHMH seMJ\RMH.
269
CHHOM oce.l\.ff r opOAOK i MoHaCTHpegb K0.1\0 AicbKa;
Ha AieHi cTopoHi, HeAa.l\eKo rnpAa CHHY AO BHc.l\u
r POA<KiCKO, HaA piKOlO BepergHge10 MiCTO r opOAOK
(.HraH.l\bOHCbKHH), rgo TYAOIO BeAe AOpora ai Abeoea
AO CTepeMHIIIA.ff.
B raJ\uqnHi HaXOAHMO MicTeqKo 3aripH, K0.1\0 C.ff-
HOKa i 3aripH, KOJ\o 3aAiagie; oce.1\10 MoqapH, KOJ\O
ne.MKiBCbKi ,.ZJOQKU" - MY3HKBHTH B COAi 3AO!lbKe.
CeiTAHB AP M. AsepoeH'I.
AoAiIIIHix YcTpHK i Mo11apu., 6iAH PuMaHoea; ropy
MaKiBKY B ceAi CuHie 6iAH PuMaHoea; PoMaHoBe
Ce.l\o B 36apam110Hi; ceAo MorgaHH!J.ff nos. 3AoA6y-
HiB (BoAH!Jb) i ceJ\o MorgaHegb 6iAH HcAHCbK (CH-
Hi1111HHa); - ceJ\o l.JepTem K. lR.ypaeHa i l.JepTem
KO.AO CHHOKa Ta l.JepTH<KHe Ha 3aKapnaTTIOj ceAo
51ceAb K. 51CAHCbK, 51ciHb K. Y cTpHK ,4oAiIIIH., 51ciHKa
Macboea i cTegboBa K. TypKH, 51ceHH!J.ff cie11HHCbKa
270
K. Bipl.IH, .HcIOHKa K. f opAH!Jb ii 51cbOHKa K. AYKAi;
TaKHX i Il0Ai6HHX Ci.I\ i MiC!,!eBOCTeH M02KHa 6H COTKH
HaBOAHTH.
Mim A106al.J:iBKOIO i PaToIO AemaB y XV. CTOAiTTIO
ropoA CToTHJ\Hl.J:. CHAbHa KpinocTb !Jhoro ropoAa
HaXOAH.l\aCH Ha BepmKy THX rip, a.l\e npo AiHcHiCTb
gei KpiIIOCTH B2Ke B xv. CT .l\HIIIe nepeAaHHH 3a-
XOBa.l\aCH. Ha ropax _ KO.l\O CTiArope!Jb, Ha BOAOAiAi
Byra ii CTHpa HaXOAHTbCH ' 01w11H AaBHboi KpinocTH
CTJ\iCHHCbKa. HaA ropimHiM CTHpoM, 110Mim CTHpoM
i EyroM i Ha 11pHTOKax Byra, KO.l\O OrAHAOBa Ae2KHTb
MoHacTHpoK i CTiAMOHaCTMpo1<; AaAbme Ha cxoAi
noMim IKBOIO Ta CepeToM - 36pyt1eM HaXOAHTbC.H
BHmropoAOK. B yrAi - BaKyTHHi Mim piKoIO Ay6Ho
i AHicTep CTOH.l\a Ba qaciB 1<opoAH ,4aHHAa cTapHHHH
AepaBAHHa !Jep1<Ba. Ha TOMY Mic!!i KHH3b Aee 110-
BBOAHB 6yAyBaTH B 1292 p. Be.l\Hl.J:aBy KaMiHHY !JepKBY
a seme10, Ta soHa Bme B 1295 p. 6yAa roToBa.
KttH3b AeB 110A1061rn !!e Mic!!e B MaHacTHpi CB. Cnaca
ii ocTaHHi poKH cBoro 2KHTTH TYT 11epe6yBaB. 0AHa-
qe CbOfOAHi .l\HIIIe CAiAH BKaBylOTb Ha ;iaBHiH MaHa-
CTHp i !JepKBy. Ha npaBo BiA CTaporo CaM6opa
HaXOAHTbCH MauacTHpe!Jh CoBaHb. Bci Ti MaHaCTHpi,
BHBiHoBaHi KHHBeM AhBOM y IIOAH, AicH Ta pimHi
ymHTKH, CAY2KH.l\H B xv. CTOAiTTIO AO yAepmaHHH
CTepeMHCbKoro EnHCKOIICTBa. 0AHal.J:e, BiA .l.J:acy HK
AaTHHHHKM npHHHAH, - Ha ocHoai Aapy B MeAH!!i
1412 p. IlO.l\bCbKOro KOpOAH .HraiiAa - KaTeApaJ\bHY
gep1<ay CB. IBaHa CTpeA:rel.J:H, nepeceAHAHCH riepe-
MHChKi 11Hc1<011H AO CaM6opa i aiATaK BBaAHCH
CaM6ipcbKHMH i C11Hi!JhKHMH BMAHKaMH. 0Tme JMe
3a 2KHTTH .HraHAa, 60 B2Ke B 1422 p. riepeMHCbKi
nHCKOIIH i KpHAomaHH 11epe6yBa10Tb B CaM6opi.
BpemTi a XV. i XVI. cToAiTTIO, HK noAbChKe
npaBHTe.l\bCTBO 3a2KaAa.l\O Bl,ll rpeKO - KaTOAH!JbKHX
271
!JepKOB npaBHHX AOKa3iB ix nociAOCTCH Ta 3CMHHX
Ma6THOCTeH - npeAAOiKCHO rpaMOTH A.boa, icTo-
pH'lHO AOKa3aHI Ta npaBAHBI, J!!O HarJIJIAHO BHKa-
3Y10Tb i AOKa3yJOTb MaHHO yKpaiHCbKOi rpeKO-KaTO-
AHgbKOi OepeMHCbKOi nHeKonii. !Ji rpaMOTH niA-
nopHAKOBYJOTb MaHaCTHP Co3aHb i Aaepie - Cna-
CbKOMY MaHaCTHpeei, Ta MaHHO i AOXO,llH THX MaHa-
CTHpiB BiMaJOTb iryMeHaM MaHaCTHpie i EnHcKonaM,
lleMKiBCbKUii KpaeBuiJ Ha4 piKoio Bac.110KOM y CHeelli K. PaMaHosa.
(3a JlsoM, Ko.110 CopoKaHH'la).
J!!O Ha3HBaJOTb ce6e CaM6ipcbKHMH, CHHighKHMH
i OepeMHCbKHMHj (6e3nepe11Ho, TYT Tpe6a po3yMiTH
OAHoro EnHcKona, J!!O AOCi 3BeTbCH OepeMHCbKHM,
CaM6ipcbKHM i CHHighKHM EnHcKonoM).
AaAbIIIe y niAHimmH KapnaT 6a11HMO MoHaCTHpegb
- npoTH rHpJ1.a BepeIIIHgi, MoHacTHp i MoHaCTHp-
CbKa AyKa no AieiH cTopoHi AHicTpa HHiK'le Ko-
pongH, Ha.4 pi11Ko10 PaT010 e AOAHHi CTOHB MaHa-
CTHp. CB. 0eTpa, J!!O npo _ HOrO J!!e CbOrOAHi nepe-
272
Kaaye Micgese HaceAeHH.H; Ta MoHaCTHpegb 6iM1
rHpAa piKH Csit.IH (EoliKiBI!!,HHH).
CAiAOM icTOpHKiB HaXOAHMO n.HTKH, KOJ\O PonH!JI>
B 1268 p., .ffK Micge 806H Mim. YKpaiHOIO H noJ\bl!!,elO,
Ae r aJ\H!,!bKa Aepm.asa CXOAHJ\aC.ff 3 HeyKpaiHCbKHMH
aeMA.ffMH, a6o 1!!,0HaHMeinne ai aeMJ\.RMH, l!!,O AO
HHIIIoro HapoAa i Aep.m.asH HaAemaJ\H.
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J\Ht.IHHi - i TO BiA CaHt.Ia am no KyTH (fygyAbl!!,HHa);
OTOLK l!!,e OAHH AOKaa, l!!,O B ropax - ge6To y
KapnaTax i Ha AeMKiBI!!,HHi LKHJ\H TaKi caMi J\IOAH,
i,go H Ha ApyrHx yKpaiHCbKHX aeMJ\.RX, Ta l!!,O si.11.
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6010 B TiCHOMY 3B.ff3KJ, 6ea 01".J\.RAY Ha Ae.ffKi MOBHi
piaHHgi BiAHOCHO caMoi rosipKH t.IH J\eMKiBCbKOi t.IH
6oHKiBCbKOi, a6o XOt.I6H rygyJ\bCbKOj - .ffK TaKOLK
6ea or J\HAY 'IH B ropax, 'IH Ha AOJ\ax, a6o TaKH Ha
noAiJ\J\IO H noKyTTIO, 60 gi sci BiTKH pa30M TBOpHJ\H
Ta TBopTb seJ\HKHH Y KpaiHCbKHH HapiA.
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PoaJ\ytie, KOJ\O TypKH - PoaAyt.IKH KOJ\O AoJ\HHH,
PoaAiA.6 KOJ\O fopAHJ!b i EoxHi. Ayme qacTo nosTo-
p1010TbCH Ha3BHl!!,a: 3aBaAa, 3asaAKa (26 OCeJ\b),
Mim !JHMH 3asaAKa PHMaHiBcbKa, 3asaAKa Mopo-
xiscbKa, 3asaAKa K. Eop11Hi, 3asaAKa K.
3asaAiB, 3asaAiBKa (7 oceJ\h), 3asaAe, 3asaAiB ( 4
oceAi) - nepeKin KOJ\O MeAbJ!a, nepeKonaHa KOJ\O
CHRTHHa (noKyTTH), npyciK K. CHHOKa - BKaayIOTh
aa IIITYtIHi nepeKonH B J!HX MicgJJx. KpoMi J!HX qacTo
nosTop1010TbCH oceAi: CTape CeJ\o, CTape MicTo,
CTapHHa, CTopo.m.a, CTopo.m.isKa, HoseceJ\o, Hose-
MicTo, Hosasecb, BoAR, BiAbKa (ByJ\bKa), KyT --
no qacTH HK npHciJ\KH: HaaBHl!!,e oceJ\b ,,BOA.ff"
B yKpaiHCbKiH tiaCTHHi f 8J\H'IHHH - piBH03H8tIHe
a qacTHM npiaBHl!!,aM npHciAKiB ,,nocaAH". HaToMicgb
273
Ha3BHJ!!,e oceAi nAi-rniH" KOAO .6oxHi, 3aeHHrOpOA
(3), .6iAo60iKHHJ:!.ff (KOAO 4opTKOBa-floAiAAH) BKa-
3YlOTb Ha noxo.11.meHH.ff 3 qac1B nepe.11.xpHCTl.RHCbKHX.
Ha J:!bOMY 3aKiHt:iaeMo geH: KopoTKHH reorpacpit:iHHH
Hat:iepK 3 J:!HM, J!!,O iioro HaBeAH MH, J!!,06 BHKa3aTH,
IJ,uzaHu HatJ piK010 BucJWKOM y ceJZi CuHiB K. Pu.M.aHoBa.
Haii6i.11 bme gHranie llmee e ce.11 i Cypoe. CTo.11.11nH, CypoeHg11, 8H.:.11.i11ox,
CTopozi Ta ApyrHx ce.11.ax. BoHH saiiMaJOTbc!I KOBa.11.bCTBOM, 6araTo s HHX
nrYA8'1HTb" i TOB'leTbC!I no gi.110My ceiTi; .ll.!06.ll.l!Tb KO'li!IHH'le lllHTTllo
J!!,O yKpaiHCbKe 3HaM' H B KapnaTax AHIIIHAOCH e gi-
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no406eHCTBO i TOtOiKHiCTb Haee4eHHX MicgeBOCTeH.
ln10cTpOB8H8 lcTopill .l\e>&Klelj!HHH 18
274
Ta - !!HM tIHHHHKOM He Mir 6yTH HixTo HHIIIHH,
J\HIIIe seAHKHH YKpaiHCbKHH Hapi.4 -- i xoq siH
nepe,4epmas 6araTo piaHHX noAiTHtIHHX nepeMiH,
0,4Haqe He 3MiHHB aHi CBOro Micg.ff tio6yTy aHi Ha-
BiTb xapaKTepy MicgesocTeu, 60-m YKpaiHCbKHH Ha-
pi.4 - tIH ge 6y Ae OKpeMO HK HOfO HeBi.4py6Ha qa-
CTHHa AeMKO - tIH BouKo - tIH fygyA - TicHo
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CbKHX - s .4i.4a npa.4i.4a KapnaT.
,, Cuzoma", naHU{UBHRHuii xpecm
HaA BHc.11.oKOM e CHneei K. PHManoea.
CTOA3EY4Hl1H COYICOK MIC!JEBOCTEH.
A6paMoea (npHciAoK)
AttttpeieKa
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18*
276
BHcAiK HHtKHlH
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277
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278
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279
280
.!Jeproea
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f oAoauimi ;<\mepeAa AO icTopi'i AeMKiBl!!H.HH,
AO HKHX !JIKaBIIIIHX crrpHMOByIO, uaXOAHMO:
M. fpymeacbKHH: lcTopiH YKpainH-PycH. T. I. II.
IV. V. VI.
M. fpymeacbKHH: MaTepiHAH AO icTopi'i cycrriAhHO-
rroAiTHlIHHX H eKoHoMi'llHHX BiAHOCHH 3axiAHhoi
YKpai'uH. Ahaia 1906.
M. fpymeachKHH: 4mepeAa AO icTopii YKpa'inHPycH.
1895-1910.
CTpocp. ,4. AopomenKo: HapHc lcTopii YKpaiuH. T. I.
Bapmaaa 1932. HaKAa,<\OM Y KpaiucbKoro HayK.
IHCTHTyTy.
Ap. laau KpHIIHKeBH'll: 3 icTopii fygyAhl!!HHH. AhBiB
1929.
Ap. laau KpHIIHKeBH'll: TypHCTHKa i KpaeauaacTao.
4. I. A10TeHb 1925 p.
Y. II. MaHApiBKH 5IKOBa r OAOBa!JbKOro 1832-
-1840.
Ap. laau KpHIIHKeaHq: BcecaiTHH icTopiH. (KHiB
1918.)
Ap. lean KpHIIHKeBH'll: KopoTKa lcTopiH YKpaiuH.
KHiB "BepHHropa".
Ap. MHpOH KopAy6a: 3axiAHe rrorpaHH'lle r aAH!JbKOi
AepmaeH Mim KaprraTaMH Ta AOAiIIIHHM CHHOM.
3arrHCKH H. T. iM. ill. Ahaie.
laau KpeeegbKHH: r aAH'llHHa B ApyriH IIOAOBHHi
XVIII CT. AhBiB 1909.
282
laaH E. AeeHgbKHH: norJ\.ffA Ha p03BIH HH3Woro
i BHCWOrO WKiJ\bHHgTea B faAH':IHHi B poKax
1772-1800 i poBeiH pycbKOHapoAHboro wKiAh
HHgTea e pp. 1801-1820. Abeie 1903.
,4p. 51pocJ\aB nacTepHaK: KopOTKa apxeOJ\bOr'i.R 3a-
xiAHbO-Y KpaiHCbKHX 3eMe.l\b. BiA6HTKa EorocAo-
eii y Abeoei 1932.
npo<f>. I. 3iAHHCbKHH: npo6a ynop.RAKOBaHHSI yKpa-
iHCbKHX roeopie. BiA6HTKa Aheie 1914.
BepxpagbKHH: npo roeip raAHgbKHX AeMKiB. Aheie
1902.
A. KH.ffiKHHCbKHH: Memi EoiiKiBIJ!HHH. AiTonHc Eoii-
KiBIJ!HHH. PiK 1. CaM6ip 1931.
n. foAy6oBCbKHH: CTe1:1eHirH, TopKH i noJ\oagi AO
npHXOAY TaTap. KHie 1884 .
.4o6p.RHCbKHH: l1cTopi.R nepeMHCbKOi Enapxii.
I. CflpaHKO: lcTopi.R naHIJ!HHH.
MHKOJ\a f oAy6egb: BeAHKa lcTopi.R YKpaiHH. Ahaie
1935.
faHAOP lllapaHeBH':I: l1cTopi.R r aJ\HgKO- BoAOAHMHp-
CKOH PycH. Aheie 1863.
A. 3y6pHgbKHH: l1cTopi.R r aJ\HgKoro KH.RiKeCTBa.
T. III.
JeaH neTpOBH':I npHCJ\OilCbKHH: CaHAegbKaSI Pych.
Aheie 1893.
B. 0. XpeIJ!eHH.R PycH. Aheie 1888.
o. MHxaHJ\O KpHHHgbKHH: MywHHa n. nHJ\H':I. 36ip-
HHK 36opoecbKoro. BiAeHb 1853.
A. I. TopoHCbKHH: AeMKH. 3op.R faAHgbKa - .HK
a.l\b60M. Aheie 1860.
0. AP M. MaAaH.HK: 3epHa r opywH':IKbl H3'b Apeea
2KH3HH H. ,4. M., KaM.HHHHa; flepeMHWJ\b 1910.
flpo<f>. ,4p. T. MHwKOBCbKHH: IOro3anaAHa.R eTHo-
rpa<f>. rpaHHg.ff r aJ\. PycH. Hay1:1. Ai Tep. 36ip-
HHK fa.I\. pycb. MaTHgi. T. VIII. 'Abeie 1934.
283
Ap. M . .H. AaAH2KHHCbKHH: CHHOK Hero OKpeCTHOCTH.
36ipHHK f aA. pycb. MaTHgi. Aheie 1930, 1934.
AcTpH6 M.: KoAbKo CAOB'b o AeMKoecKoii 6ect.At.,
YtrnTeAb 1871. q, 43-51.
XHAHK BoAOA. lrH.: CeaAe6HhIH 3Bb1qaH y AeMKOB'b.
36ipHHK fa./\. pych. MaTHgi. 1871. CT. 4-29 .
.H. nacTepHaK: Ruske Karpaty w archeologii. Opara
1928.
A. 3y6pHgbKHH: Granzen zwischen der russinischen
und polnischen Nation in Galizien. Aheie 1849.
Ap. I. neAew: Geschichte der Union der rutheni-
schen Kirche mit Rom von den altesten Zeiten
bis auf die Gegenwart. BiAeHb 1878. T. I.,
1880 T. II.
Bpox: Studien von der slovakisch - kleim:ussischen
Sprachgrenze in ostlichen Ungarn. XpHCTHHHiH
1897-1899.
I. fyceK: Narodopisma hranice mezi Slovaky a Ear-
patorusy. BpaTHC.l\aea 1925.
fyoep: Ludwik der I. von der Ungarn und die Un-
garischen Vasallander. (Archiv. fur osterr. Ge
schichte LXVI).
Kc. B. CapHa: Opis powiatu jasielskiego. Opis powiatu
kro8nienskiego. Przeghid katolicki. 1898.
Ap. n. AoM6KOBCKi: Stosunki narodowosciowe ziemi
Sanockiej w XV. stuleciu. AhBiB 1921.
Ap. n. AoM6KOBCKi: Stosunki koscielne ziemi sa-
nockiej w XV. stuleciu. OepeMHIII.l\b 1922.
Ap. n. AoM6KOBCKi: Szlice z zycia szlachty sanockiej
w XV. stuleciu. Aheie 1923.
Ap. n. AoM6KOBCKi: Zemsta, okup i pokora na Rusi
halickiej w wieku XV. i pierwszej poJ'owie wie-
ku XVI. Aheie 1898.
A. n. AoM6KOBCKi: Zaginione woje-
w6dztwa ruskiego i beJ'zkiego. Abeie 1921.
284
KyTine6a: Handel Krakowa w wiekach srednich.
KpaKie 1903.
Ao3iHhCKi 6p.: Galicjana. Kilka obrazk6w z pier-
wotnych lat historji galickiej. Aheie 1872.
B. Ao3iHhCKi: Prawom i lewem. Aheie 1903.
AeeigKi A.: Zarys historji Polski i kraj6w ruskich
z KpaKiB 1884.
0. 6aAbgep: Historja ustroju Austryi w :mrysie.
Abeie 1908.
0. 6aAbgep: MaterjaJ'y historyczne. T. I. Aheie 1861.
BagA. A. Magei1:oecKi: Pierwotne dzieje Polski i Litwy.
Baprnaea 1846.
BA. KyxapcKi: Sanok i Sanocka Ziemia w dobie
Piast6w i JagieJ'J'6w. AhBiB 1906.
OpoxacKa: W sprawach Rusi przez Kazimierza
W. T. VI. 1892.
YI . CyAirn: Przywileje wsi Odrzechowy. C.srniK 1909.
I. Cm"aHbcKi: Historja Nowego Aheie 1901.
l!!ettcHH MopaecKi: KpaKie 1863.
LB.m. r AbOr'ep: Geografja historyczna dawnej Polski.
1900.
CTpoxacKa: Dokument czerwono - ruski.
(Kwart. hist. T. XIV. 1900).
BA. A6paraM: Powstanie organizacji koscioJ'a J'acin.
na Rusi. T. I. Ahsie 1904.
CaMoAeeiq .H.: wyzszy prawa niemieckiego na
zamku sanockim 1425-1552. Aheie 1903.
CTeHtIHHbCKi M. 6.: Okolice Galicji. Aheie 1847.
4oAOBCKi A. Ap.: Dawne zamki i twierdze na Rusi
halickiej. Abeie 1892.
AioABiK Ky6aM1: Szkice historyczne. CepiH 1-2.
Ceeep1rn Y A36AH: Ziemia J'emkowska przed p6J'wie-
czem. Aheie 1934.
5IH Cf>aAbKOBCKi - B. narnHH!JbKHH: Na pograniczu
J'emkowsko-bojkowskiem. Aheie 1935.
285
ct>aAhKOBcKi: CeAo BoAocaTe, AichKoro noeiTy,
CaM6ip 1935.
I. llieMAeH: Z badan nad Lud
SJ'owianski. T. III. i eiA6HTKa. KpaKie 1934.
Bep: Die erste Theilung Polens. BiACHb 1873.
leaH Eyrepa: YKpa'iHcbKe eeciAAH Ha AeMKieigHHi.
AhBiB 1936 p.
EpoHHM AHoHHM: floAbCbKHH naTpioT. (1872).
n " PycKa ,40.1\H. (1880).
,, ,, lliy6eHHtIHHH eepx (1883).
,, ,, BoAbI e Bb1ccoei:. (1892).
feaH Cf>H.l\Hil'IaK: (H leaH 3y6eHKO 1 KHHiKKa:)
"
"
"
"
" "
1. KHHrHHH PoMaHoea. KoAOMHH
1927.
2. 3a C5rn! KoAOMHH 1928.
3. EyAiBHH'IHH .4epmaeH. CaM6ip
1935.
_,;j / ,, 4. leaHKO EepAaAHHK. CaM6ip 1936.
,, ,, 5. ,4MHTpo .4eTbKO. Aheie 1935.
" " 6. EyTBH'Ii. 1936.
BoAO.<'(HMHp KaAHHa: KypiHb CMepTH YCC, cnoraAH
CTapUIHHH. Abeie 1936.
igoAeHHHK. PiK BHA. XVII, 281, 2, 3, 4 11.
AeMKo," PiK 1934, 1935, 1936, Aheie.
_, ,,3oAOTHH KoAoc," KaAElHAap Ha 1935 p. Aheie 1935.
,,YKpaiHCbKe IOHagTeo," piK 1935. Aheie.
,,HoeHH lfac," pi11HHK 1934/35. Aheie.
,,HapoAHH Cnpaea," pi'IHHK 1933/34/35. Aheie.
,,iKHTTH H 3HaHHH" 11.: 7-8. (70-71.) Aheie 1933.
,,flepUia AeMKiBCbKa 4HTaHKa". Ahei.B 1934.
AiTonHc ,,4epeoHoi KaAHHH". Aheis 1932.
,,HaUI flpanop" ti:.: 3, 7, 28, 30. Abeie 1933.
Ap. Cf:>p. Kpayc: Siidslaven. BiAeHb 1885.
r .l\bOI'ep: Obchody weselne. KpaKiB 1869.
0
3MICT:
CTopimcH
OepeAMOsa . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . 1- 8
3axiAni KapaaTCbKi 3eMAi. IJJo TaKe AeMKiaiyHna 9- 16
KopoTKHii reorpaqfr'IHHH or J\.llA AeMKiaiyHHH . 17- 39
E1<on0Mi'lui o6cTaeunH AeMKiaiyHHH . . . 40- 48
f eorpa<t>i'IHHi:i CUHCOK J\eMKiBCbKHX Micge&ocrei:i 49- 51
npaicTopiJI KapaaTCbKHX 3eMeJ\b 52- 64
Kn.112Ki qacH . . . . . . . 65- 82
Y1<paiHCbKa rpauHgR eiA aaxoAy . . . 83- 87
KapaaTcbKi 3eMAi aa KaaHMHpa BeAHKoro 88- 98
KopoAiBcbKi apHBiAei . 99-102
norpaHH'IHi KapaaTCbKi oceAi . . . . . 103-135
nauiyH3HRHi qaCH Ta DO'laTOK WKiJ\bHHgTBa . 136-146
AeMKieiyHna a qaci BorAana XMeJ\bHHYbKoro 147-156
noqaTKH peAiriiiuoro j HagiouaJ\bHOrO BiApOAlKeHHJI
KapaaTCbKHX 0Kpaiu .... . ... ... 157-167
nepexiA r a.i\H'IHHH paaoM 3 AeMKiB'!!ffHOIO niA
AacTpiio . . . . . . 168-169
noAiJ\ faAH'IHHH , , .. , . 170-174
' J\eMKiBCbKa BeJ\HKa eMirpagiJI 175-187 .
BHanaqui AeMKiBcbKi AiR'li 188-200
CaiToaa uiHua 1914-1918 piK . 201-219
AeMKH a uapOAHbOMY apHei . . . . 220-223
AiRJ\bHiCTb ,,OpocaiTH" Ha AeMKiaiyHui 224 - 245
BiAroMiu BH3BOJ\bHHX aMaraHb ua AeMKieiyHHi 246-258
3aKapaaTTJI B icTOpH'IHOMY CBiTAi . . . . . 259- 265
3aKiH'leHHJI . . . . . 266-274
noaa6y'IHHl:i CUHCOK MicgeBOCTeH , 275-280
.l\lKepeAa ii AiTepaTypa . 281-285
3MiCT . . . . . . . . . . 287
I