Sept 27/28

SNC2D - Chemistry

Ionic Compounds with Multivalent Metals Most transition metals and some metals in group 14 (or IVA) are multivalent (they have more than one possible valence). They can form different numbers of bonds depending on the conditions. There are 2 systems of rules for naming compounds with metals of variable valence: IUPAC (international) and Classical (ous-ic). International System Writing Formulas: 1. Use the regular methods for writing formulas of ionic compounds (ionic charge or criss-cross). The metal is written first, and then the non-metal. 2. For the metal, use the charge given in brackets. Examples: copper (II) nitride tin (IV) oxide

Writing Names:

1. From the formula, back-cross the subscripts this will give you the valences. 2. Write the names of the elements in the same order as the formula (metal first, followed by the non-metal with ide suffix) 3. Use Roman numerals in brackets following the metal to indicate the charge.

Examples:

FeI2

SnO

Classical System (ous-ic) Writing Formulas: 1. Use the regular methods for writing formulas of ionic compounds (ionic charge or cross-over). The metal is written first, and then the non-metal. 2. If the metal has the suffix ous, use the lower valence. If it has the suffix ic, use the higher valence. See the handout with the list of elements with variable valences Examples: Cuprous fluoride ferric sulfide

Writing Names:

1. From the formula, back-cross the subscripts this will give you the valences. 2. Write the names of the elements in the same order as the formula (metal first, followed by the non-metal with ide suffix) 3. For the metal name, use the Latin name, and add the suffix ous if the low valence was used, or the suffic ic if the high valence was used.

Sept 27/28

SNC2D - Chemistry

Examples:

Cu3N2

SnS

Practice I. Write the correct formulas for the following: 1. cobalt (II) sulfide 2. chromium (III) bromide 3. lead (II) oxide 4. gold (I) oxide 5. tin (II) sulfide 6. iron (III) nitride 7. bismuth (V) carbide Practice II. Write 2 names for the following, using IUPAC rules 1. SnF4 2. FeS 3. PbO2 4. HgCl 5. Ni2O3 6. Cu3N 7. AuF3 8. CuI 9. PbCl4 10. CuCl2 11. CoF3 12. FeO 13. MnCl7

8. gold (I) sulfide 9. tin (IV) carbide 10. copper (II) nitride 11. tin (IV) iodide 12. copper (I) oxide 13. lead (III) phosphide 14. Manganese (IV) oxide 15. Nickel (III) sulfide