HVAC Duct Construction

Bob Wasilewski Project Manager, Technical Resources SMACNA

HVAC Duct Construction Standards

O WHAT? O WHY? O HOW?

Today's Program
O 1st

2nd Edition HVAC-DCS O Review Joints and Limitations O Transverse Joints & Reinforcements O Use of the Pressure Class Tables O Tie Rod Addendum

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

O

Low Velocity Systems Duct Manual

First Edition 1959 Second Edition 1963 Third Edition 1967

Low Velocity Duct Construction Standard

1969

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

O

Low Pressure Duct Construction Standard

Fifth Edition 1976

High Velocity Duct Systems Manual

First Edition 1965

High Velocity Duct Construction Standards

Second Edition 1969

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

O

High Pressure Duct Construction Standards

Third Edition 1975

Duct Liner Application Standard

First Edition 1971 Second Edition 1975

Documents Preceding 2nd Edition HVAC-DCS

O

Flexible Duct Installation Standards

First Edition 1979 Second Edition 1980

HVAC Duct Construction Standards -Metal and Flexible

First Edition 1985

Major Changes from First Edition

GENERAL
O O O

Text edited to be more reader-friendly Reading aids added Static pressure only as the basis for duct construction classification -- velocity levels deleted (Table 1-1)

Major Changes from First Edition

O

Chapter 7 revised to facilitate use for equivalent and comparable tests and ratings Model project specification added Reminders to designers to show all required fire, smoke, radiation and volume control dampers on contract drawings are accented

O O

Major Changes from First Edition

Boiler breeching omitted O Volume damper construction is more specific O Lead radiation shielding added O Metrics are included O Air terminal runouts and supports are revised
O

Major Changes from First Edition

RECTANGULAR DUCT REVISIONS
O

Negative pressure construction given for 4", 6", and 10" w.g. Six feet reinforcement schedules added Reinforcement schedules extended to 120" width

O O

Major Changes from First Edition

O

Tie rod alternatives expanded for both positive and negative pressures TDC and TDF joint systems included and rated as T-25a and T-25b joints T-24a joint added as a modification of T-24

Major Changes from First Edition

Use of 26 gage added for 4", 6" and 10" pressures O Trapeze hanger tables expanded to cover the 120" width range O Duct liner pin schedule adjusted O Infrequently used joints (T-4, 8, 17, 18, 19, 20 and 23) omitted
O

Major Changes from First Edition

Round, Flexible and Oval Duct Revisions
Duct pressure classes revised to be positive and negative at 2", 4" and 10" w.g. O Crimped joint connection length changed from 1" to 2" O Rectangular branch taps into round added for straight or 45 degree lead-in-entry
O

Major Changes from First Edition

Type 1 reinforcement of oval duct now has an internal tie rod (based on ASHRAE test program) O Maximum support spacing for round flexible duct and connector changed from 10 feet to 5 feet O Additional riser support details are provided
O

DUCT SYSTEMS

SIZINGS FITTINGS, ETC.

FIRE/SMOKE PROTECTION

CODE COMPLIANCE

DUCT CONSTRUCTION

CODE COMPLIANCE

SMACNA HVAC-DCS 2ND ED. 1995

INSPECTION

CODE COMPLIANCE

DUCT SYSTEMS
ENGINEER
Design Considerations: CFM Static Pressure Duct Size Fitting Type Construction Pressure Class

CONTRACTOR
Construction Considerations: Panel Thickness (Gage) Pressure Class (as specified) Panel Width/Height Joint Type/Spacing Intermediate Reinforcement Type/Spacing

DEPENDENT VARIABLES

REGULAR DUCTS
Maximum Deflection Joint and Reinf. 1/4" on 48" w. W/200 on 49"-120" Sheet: 3/8" on 12" Dn. 1/2" on 13"-18" 5/8"on 19"-24" 3/4" on 25"-84" 1" on 85"-120" Tolerance: +7.5% Tolerance: +10% Field: Class Rating + 25% Maximum Test Pressure Lab: Class Rating + 50%

Duct Systems
O

Used for the movement of air in HVAC/Exhaust systems Ducts are classified based on maximum operating pressure
0.5" w.g. positive or negative 1.0" w.g. positive or negative 2.0" w.g. positive or negative

Duct Systems (Continued)

O

Ducts are classified based on maximum operating pressure

3.0" w.g. positive or negative 4.0" w.g. positive or negative 6.0" w.g. positive or negative 10.0" w.g. positive or negative

TABLE 1-2 STANDARD DUCT SEALING REQUIREMENTS

EXAMPLE 1
O Duct

Size 24" x 24" O Pressure Class 2" w.g. O Sheet Stock O Joints/Reinforcements 8 ft / 4 ft O Standing S

EXAMPLE 2
O Duct

Size 42" x 24" O Pressure Class 3" w.g. O 5 ft Coil Line O Joints/Reinforcements 5 ft / 2 ft O TDC or TDF

MIDPANEL TIE ROD (MPT)

O " O 37"

w.g. - 6" w.g. - 96"

Duct Dimension
O Rectangular

Duct

Mid Panel Tie Rod Addendum

O

Joints All Tie Rods Threaded Rod or Tubing/Conduit with Threaded Insert Additional Application Tables, Qualifications and Reader Aids Included

FIGURE 1-3 TIE ROD ATTACHMENTS

FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS

FIGURE 1-4 TRANSVERSE (GIRTH) JOINTS

FIGURE 1-4A SPECIAL JOINT PROFILES

FIGURE 1-5 LONGITUDINAL SEAMS RECTANGULAR DUCT

TABLE 1-24 UNREINFORCED DUCT (WALL THICKNESS)

TABLE 1-25 T-1 FLAT DRIVE ACCEPTED AS REINFORCEMENT

FIGURE 1-7 UNREINFORCED DUCT

FIGURE 1-8 CROSSBROKEN DUCT & BEADED DUCT

FIGURE 1-9 DUCT REINFORCED ON TWO SIDES

FIGURE 1-10 DUCT REINFORCED ON ALL SIDES

FIGURE 1-12 DUCT OVER 120" (3048 MM) WIDE

FIGURE 1-15 CORNER CLOSURES - FLANGES

FIGURE 2-22 DUCT LINER INTERRUPTION

TABLE 3-2A ROUND DUCT GAGE UNREINFORCED POSITIVE PRESSURE

TABLE 3-2B ROUND DUCT GAGE NEGATIVE PRESSURE

FIGURE 3-1 SEAMS ROUND DUCT AND FITTINGS

FIG. 3-2 TRANSVERSE JOINTS ROUND DUCT

FIGURE 3-6 FLAT OVAL DUCTS

FIGURE 3-9 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS

FIGURE 3-10 FLEXIBLE DUCT SUPPORTS

TABLE 4-1 RECTANGULAR DUCT HANGERS MIN. SIZE

TABLE 4-2 MINIMUM HANGER SIZES FOR ROUND DUCT

FIGURE 4-4 LOWER HANGER ATTACHMENTS

Questions & Answers