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ch5.3 (Vocoders)
ch5.3 (Vocoders)
For measurement of the spectral magnitudes, a voicing detector and a pitch estimator are included in the speech analysis.
2
Bandpass Filter
S(n)
Rectifier
Lowpass Filter
A/D Converter
Encoder
To Channel
Voicing detector
Pitch detector
3
The outputs of the bandpass filters are summed to form the synthesized speech signal.
4
Decoder
From Channel
Voicing Information
Switch
Pitch period
Pulse generator
Short-term magnitude
ak n
Differentiator
sin k n
Encoder
S(n)
To Channel
Differentiator
bk n
sin k n
amplitude
cos k n
Decoder Integrator
Decimate Short-term Phase derivative
From Channel
Cos
sin n Interpolator
k
Sin Interpolator
It is this information plus the pitch period that is encoded and transmitted to the receiver.
(a)
(b)
10
F2 Input Speech F1
Pitch
And
V/U
F0
V/U
Decoder
Fk :The frequency of the kth formant Bk :The bandwidth of the kth formant
11
F2
F1
V/U
F0
Excitation Signal
12
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LPC 10 :
This methods is called LPC-10 because of 10 coefficient are typically employed. LPC-10 partitions the speech into the 180 sample frame. Pitch and voicing decision are determined by using the AMDF and zero crossing measures.
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LP analysis
Excitation
Encoder
To Channel
parameters
LP Synthesis model
17
Code Excited LP :
CELP is an analysis-by-synthesis method in which the excitation sequence is selected from a codebook of zero-mean Gaussian sequence.
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Side information
Gain
parameters
CELP (synthesizer) :
From Channel
decoder
LP Synthesis filter
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The other two excitation source are obtained from two codebook.
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Bits/5-ms Frame
38 5
Bits/20ms
14 8 7
56 32 28
29
159
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VSELP Decoder :
Long-term Filter state
0
Codebook 1
1
Codebook 2
2
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