3G Protocol Architecture

Amal Chandran

2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

UMTS Universal Mobile Telecom System

PS Domain 3G-GGSN Inter-PLMN Backbone Network Iu-PS Gs 3G-SGSN 3G-MSC CS Domain

Iu-CS

RNC Iur Node B Iub Uu WCDMA

UTRAN

2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

GSM/WCDMA Network Architecture

NAS 3G/WCDMA 2G/GSM

MSC Mobile Services Switching Centre GMSC Gateway MSC HLR Home Location Register RNC Radio Network Controller Node B WCDMA Base Station UTRAN UMTS Radio Access Network
3 2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node BSC Base Station Controller BTS GSM Base Transceiver Station GERAN GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network

Network Components
Node B (BTS) : Physical Layer Device RNC: Radio Network Controller Controls the Node-Bs MSC/GMSC: Mobile Switching Centre, Gateway MSC Circuit Switched Services VLR: Visitor Location Register Database of Active Users in the area HLR: Home Location Register Subscriber Information SGSN/GGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node, Gateway GSN Packet Switched Services
4 2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Protocol Stack Review of Concepts

Software Architecture for enabling Communication Each Layer has specific function
Layer 3 message

Layer 2 Header L1 = Layer 1 Header

L1

L1

L1

Spreading, Scrambling, Modulation 101010101000010101000010101010111010110101010......

2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Layer 1: The Physical Layer

Connects Node-B to UE Cell Searching Spreading Scrambling Modulation Power Control Measurements Physical Channels of WCDMA
3G Network

2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Layer 2: MAC
Medium Access Control Provides Access to Layer 1. Priority Handling between the data flows of the UE Multiplexing of Logical Data (Logical Channels) Traffic Volume Monitoring Identification of UE on common channels Ciphering of Voice Data

2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Layer 2: RLC
Radio Link Control Segmentation and Re-Assembly of data In-sequence delivery Error detection and recovery Flow control Ciphering of Control Data Three modes: Acknowledged, Unacknowledged, and Transparent

2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Layer 3: RRC The Brain

3G Network

RRC : Radio Resource Control Management of Radio Resources Connection Management

Setup, Maintenance, Release.

Monitor the connection states Transfer of control messages

Called Signalling Messages

Control of 3G measurements

2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Layer 3: Non Access Stratum

Mobility Management Keeps track of Location Area Call Management Everything related to calls Session Management Data Connection management SMS Services

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

User Data
PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol Header Compression BMC Broadcast and Multicast Control Broadcast of information Like Tsunami Warnings, Traffic Alerts

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Powering up a mobile, in 3G
Search for cells Find out the parameters of the cell from the information broadcast Identify the Network ID (PLMN ID) of the network Check the quality of the cell Cell is good? Setup a connection Authenticate Update the network with UEs location information Ready to go

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Incoming Call?
Paging message UEs ID is registered with the network now. Send out paging request to UE Identify the UE ID, and respond to the paging. Exchange call information
Codec to use, Quality (Data Rate) of the call etc.

Setup the call Establish a dedicated connection

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Change of Cells Hand Over

Current cell quality is low Move to another cell Simultaneous reception from two (or more) Node-Bs Soft Hand Over Softer Handover

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Soft/Softer handover
RNC 1 (SRNC ) BTS 1 Call transferred Via SRNS relocation BTS 2 RNC 2 (DRN C) BTS 3

Sector 1

Sector 2

Sector 3

Sector 4

Sector 5

Sector 6

Setup call

Add sector 6, Add Sector 2 : Sector 3 remove Sector Add : 5, Add Sector 4,Add Sector Softer 3 Soft Handover, remove Sector Remove sector remove Sector Handover same RNC 14, 2 Triggers SRNS relocation

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Overall Architecture
TCP/IP Data User Data

SM SNDCP

SMS

MM

CM

User Data Non Access Stratum L3 GSM/GPRS GPRS LLC RRC RR GPRS RLC PDCP GSM L2 WCDMA RLC GPRS MAC L1 GSM L1 WCDMA MAC WCDMA L1 WCDMA

L2

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

Interested in Reading Further?

Web:
http://www.3gpp.org/ Look for Specification number 25.301 http://www.etsi.org/

Print Media
WCDMA For UMTS : Antti Toskala, Harri Holma

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2008 Nokia 3G Protocol Stack.ppt / 2009-08-26 / AC

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