EXHAUST PIPE Internal Diameter 32 mm External Diameter -35 mm

MUFFLER
Basic Concept Internal combustion engines are typically equipped with an

exhaust muffler to suppress the acoustic pulse generated by the combustion process. A high intensity pressure wave generated by combustion in the engine cylinder propagates along the exhaust pipe and radiates from the exhaust pipe termination. The pulse repeats at the firing frequency of the engine which is defined by f=(engine rpm x number of cylinders)/120 for a four stroke engine. There are two types mufflers 1 Dissipative another 2 Reactive or reflective

Dissipative type
.

Dissipative muffler employ a sound absorbing material to attenuate the sound waves . The thickness of acoustical lining should be selected based on the predominant frequency of the noise

Reflective or reactive type

The primary function of reactive

silencers is to reflect the sound waves towards the source

Inlet pipe

Expansion chamber

Noise source Se

Sc

We are using the combination of the two types which involves following calculations
muffler design calculation

-INNER DIAMETER OF EXHAUST PIPE 32 mm. -OUTER DIAMETER OF EXHAUST PIPE 35 MM. -OUTER DIAMETER OF MUFFLER 3 x OUTER DIAMETER OF EXHAUST PIPE. Reflective part - Length of reflective part of muffler , L = (n )/4 , n= 1,3,5 .. Odd no as when the length expansion chamber is equal to /2, 3/2 etc the transmission loss will be zero . Calculation has been done for n=1 -Where is the wavelength corresponding to dominant frequency. -Dominant frequency = 5 x firing frequency -Firing frequency = (engine rpm x no. of cylinder) / 120 (for 4 stroke engine).

Cont.

The transmission loss through an expansion chamber is defined as the difference in sound pressure level of the incident sound wave and the transmitted sound pressure level

further transmission loss can be calculated as follows

TL- transmission loss Sc- area of expansion chamber Se- area of exhaust inlet pipe - predominant wavelength L - length of expansion chamber

TL= 10log[ 1+ 0.25((Sc/Se)-(Se/Sc)) x sin (2 L/ ) dB

On the basis of above formulae, these are some results

ENGINE RPM
3600

FIRING FREQUENCY
50 Hz

DOMINANT FREQUENCY
150 Hz

DOMINANT WAVELENGTH
2.2133 m

LENGTH OF REFLECTIVE PART

.553325 m