CONSTANTE UNIVERSAL DE LOS GASES R

kJ
cal
1.9872
kmol K
gmol K
kPa m 3
atm cm 3
8.31434
82.057
kmol K
gmol K
3
bar m
atm m 3
0.08314
0
.
08205
kmol K
kmol K
bar m 3
atm L
82.05
0.08205
kmol K
gmol K
BTU
J
1.9872
8314.34
lbmol R
kmol K
ft lbf
ft 3 lbf
1545.35
10.73 2
lbmol R
in lbmol R
psia ft 3
ft 3 atm
10.73
0.7302
lbmol R
lbmol R
kg m 2
J
8314.34
8.31434
2
seg kmol K
gmol K
bar L
ft lb
0.08314
10.731
gmol K
in lbmol R
mmHg L
62.361
gmol K
8.31434

mmHg ft 3
lbmol R
inHg ft 3
21.85
lbmol R
kW hr
0.0005819
lbmol R
HP hr
0.0007805
lbmol R
mmHg ft 3
998.9
lbmol K
atm ft 3
1.314
lbmol K
Torr m3
62.356
kmol K
kPa m3
( aire) 0.287
kg K
555

ENERGIA TRABAJO Y CALOR

1BTU = 1.055 x1010 erg = 778.2 ft lbf = 1055 J = 252cal

= 6.585 x10 21 eV = 0.293W hr

1kW hr =1.341HP hr = 3600kJ = 3412.14 BTU = 860.5

= 2.655 x106 lbf ft

1HP hr = 2545 BTU = 1.98 x10 6 lbf ft = 0.7456kW hr

= 641.62kcal = 2684.5kJ

1L atm = 10.3323kgf m = 0.02422kcal

1cm 3 atm = 0.02422cal

1kgf m =9.806 J

1kJ = 1kPa m = 1000 J

3

1erg = 1dina cm = 1 g cm 2 seg 2

1J = 1kg m 2 seg 2 =1N m = 0.2394cal = 10bar cm3

= 0.73756 ft lbf = 107 erg = 1Pa m3 = 9.481x10 4 BT

= 9.856cm3 atm = 2.773 x10 7 kW hr = 3.725 x10 7 H

1kcal = 1000cal = 4.184kJ = 41.224865 L atm

1cal = 4.186 J = 3.087lbf ft =1.162 x10 6 kW hr

=1.558 x10 6 HP hr = 3.97 x10 3 BTU
1lbf ft =1.3558 J = 0.01336 L atm = 0.1383kgf m

= 0.3241cal = 3.766 x107 kW hr

= 5.0505 x107 HP hr =1.285 x103 BTU
MASA
1lb = 0.45359237 kg = 16oz = 453.59 gr
1slug = 32.174lb =14.5939kg
1oz = 28.394 gr
1stone = 224oz = 14lb = 6.35029kg

1kg = 2.2046226lb =1000 gr = 6.022 x10 26 uma

= 6.852 x10 2 slug

1ton larga = 2200lb

1ton mtrica =1000kg = 2240lb
= 0.984206ton larga = 0.8928ton corta

1ton corta = 2000lb = 907.1847 kg

1utm(unidad tcnica de masa ) = 32.174kg = 2.20462 slug

= 70.931528lb

LONGITUD
1m =100cm =1000 mm = 39.37in = 3.2808 ft =1.0926 yd

1km = 1000m = 0.6214millas

1micra =1x10 8 m

1nm =1x10 9 m =10A

10
=1x10 m
1A

1 ft =12in = 0.3048m = 0.333 yd

PRESIN
ft lbf
kgf m
J
1
= 2.989
= 0.304689
N
lb
f
dina
1braza = 6 ft
kg
1Pa = 1 2 = 1.4504 x10 4 psia = 0.020886 2 = 10 lb 2 = 0.0075kg
Torr
1 yd = 3 ft = 0.9144m =36in
m

kg
f
m
ft
cm
J
kcal
J
1
= 4184
1
= 0.101937
1in = 2.54cm = 0.08333 ft
kg
kg
kg
kg
1kPa = 1000 Pa = 1x10 3 MPa
1milla = 5280 ft =1.6093km =1609.3m
1atm = 101.325kPa = 1.01325bar = 760mmHg cal
BTU
1
=1.8
1milla nautica =1852m =1.151millas = 6072 ft
2
gr
lb
= 1.03323 kgf cm = 10.3323mH 2O = 14.696 psia
1 fermi =1x10 12 m
kJ
m2
BTU
= 29.9213inHg = 1.013 x10 6 dina cm 2 = 761cmHg
15
=
1000
= 0.430
1aoluz = 9.46 x10 m
2
kgmbar seg
lb
1mmHg = 0.1333kPa =1Torr = 0.1cmHg =1.33322
1 parsec =30.8 x1015 m
1inHg = 3.387 kPa
1 furlong = 201.168m = 220 yd = 660 ft
1 psia = 144 lbf ft 2 = 1 lbf in 2 = 6.894757 kPa CAPACIDAD CALORFICA O CALOR ESPECIFICO
FUERZA
kW
BTU
cal
kcal
kJ
1
=1
=1
= 4.1868
= 4.1868
= 27.68inH 2 O = 5.171cmHg
kg m
5
lb F
g C
kg C
kg C
kg
1N = 1
= 1x10 dina = 0.22481lbf = 7.233 poundal
1inH 2O = 2491 dina cm 2 = 0.1868cmHg = 249.1Pa cal
= 5.202 lbf cal
ft 2
seg 2
BTU
BTU
1
=1
1
=1
1kgf =9.80665 N
1bar =1x10 6 dina cm 2 = 0.1MPa = 0.986923atm gr C
gr K
lb F
lb R
5
2
lb ft
=
1
x
10
Pa
=
14
.
5038
lb
f in
=
750
mmHg
BTU
kJ
1lbf = 32.174
= 4.44822 N = 0.454kgf = 32.174 poundal

1
= 4.1868
1mbar =100 Pa =1000 dina cm 2 = 0.1922inH 2Olbmol R
kmol K
1grf =980.665dinas
kJ
kJ
J
BTU
3
2
4
= 47.88 Pa = 6.944 x10 lbf in = 4.7251x10 atm
=1
=1
= 0.23885
= 0.23885
gr cm
kg C
kg K
gr C
lb F
1dina = 1
N
kg
dina
1Pa = 1 2 = 1
seg 2
1baria = 1
CAUDAL O FLUJO VOLUMTRICO
2
m
m

seg 2
cm ft
L
gal
L
L
kg m
kg m
gr cm
lb
slug ft
1
= 0.264201
= 0.016667
= 60
ACELERACIN
gc = 9.80665
=1
=1
= 32.174
=1
2
2
2
2
2
min
min
seg
hr
kgf seg
N seg
dina seg
lbf seg
lbf segft
m
cm
1
=
100
=
3
.
2808
ft 3
L
gal
gal
DENSIDAD
seg 2
seg 2
seg 2
1
= 28.317
= 7.48058
= 488.8348
kg
gr
slug
lb
min
min
min
hr
1 3 = 0.001
= 1.94 x10 3
= 0.062428 3 ft
m
gal
L
L
L
=
0
.
3048
m
cm 3
ft 3
ft1
1
= 3.785
= 0.63
= 22.71
seg 2
seg 2
min
min
seg
hr
gr
kg
kg
lb
lb
lb
1
=1
= 1000 3 = 62.4286 3 = 8.345
= 0.36127 3 m
ft
3 m
3
= 32.174
= 1.2713 x10
L
gal g = 9.80665
cm
m
ft
in
seg 2
seg 2
hr 2
kmol
lbmol
grmol
1
= 0.06243
= 0.001
m3
ft 3
cm3
DIFUSIVIDAD
2
2
TENSIN SUPERFICIAL
lb
lb
cm
ft
m2
1 3 = 1728 3
1
= 3.875
=1x10 4
lb f
gr cm
N
dina
in
ft
seg
hr
seg
1
= 0.068529
= 1000
= 1000
2
m
ft
cm
seg 2 cm
kg
ft 2
5 m
Densidad del H2O a 1 atm y 25C = 1000 3
1
= 2.58 x10
hr
seg
m
VELOCIDAD
2
2
2
141
.
5
m
ft
ft 2
m2
m2

4 ft m
cm
ft
API =
131.5
1
=10.764
1
= 0.0929
1 1 km
= 3.=
875
x
10
0.277778
r
hr
hr
seg
seg
seg hr
hrseg = 277.778 seg = 546.807087 min
ENTALPIA Y CALOR LATENTE
145

rad
grados
rev
Soluciones ms ligeras que el H2O Be = 145
= 57.29
= 0.15917
= 9.5502 rpm
BTU
J
kcal
kgf m 1
r
1
= 2326
= 0.555
= 237.1
seg
seg
seg
lb
kg
kg
kg
140
m
km
ft
mi

1
=3.6
=3.2808
= 2.237
Be
=

130
Soluciones ms pesadas que el H2O
seg
hr
seg
hr
seg 2

AREA

VISCOSIDAD
kg
gr
1 poise =100 cp =1
= 0.1
cm seg
m seg
1 stoke = 1

cm 2
ft 2
= 0.001076
= 100 centistoke
seg
seg

C=
F 322
1 m 2 =1x10 4 cm 2 =1x10 6 mm 2 =1x10 6 km 2 =1550 in 2 =
910.764 ft

F =

9
5

( C ) + 32
o

1 ft 2 =144 in 2 =0.09290304 m 2

VOLUMEN ESPECIFICO
1

m3
kg

=1000

L
cm 3
ft 3
=1000
=16.02
kg
gr
lb

ft 3
m3
= 0.062428
lb
kg

lb
lb
kg
= 1488.145862 cp = 5.357 x10 6
= 5357.302301
ft seg
ft hr
m hr
N seg
COEFICIENTE DE TRANSFERENCIA DE CALOR
= 1.488
2
BTU
Kcal
J
HP
m
1
= 4.88
= 5.678 x10 4
= 0.000393 2 o
2
2
2
kg
kg
hr ft F
hr m C
seg cm C
ft F
1 cp =3.6
=1x10 3
m hr
m seg
cal
BTU
W
1
= 7380
= 4.1868 2
2
2
Lb
seg

cm

C
hr

ft

F
cm
C
1cp 2.42 = 2.42
ft hr
Kcal
BTU
J
cal
1
= 0.2048
= 1.163 x10 4
= 2.775 x10 5
VOLUMEN
2
2
2
hr m C
hr ft F
seg m C
seg cm 2 C
1m3 =1x106 cm3 =1000 L = 35.315 ft 3 = 6.1024 x104 in 3 = 264.17 galUS
W
J
BTU
Kcal
1 gal
= 0.1762
= 0.859863
1 ft 3 = 2.832 x104 cm3 = 28.32 L =1728 in 3 = 7.481
US= 1
2
2
2
m
C
seg m C
hr ft F
hr m 2 C
3
3
3
3
3
1L =1000cm = 61.02 in
1in =16.39cm
1cm =1ml =1cc
W
BTU
W
3
3
1 L2
= 1760
= 3.5816 2
1 gal = 277.4 in
1 gal US = 231 in = 3.7854
2
cm C
hr ft F
in F
1

1 barril = 42 gal US = 5.615 ft 3 =159 L = 0.159 m3

CONDUCTIVIDAD TRMICA

GAS IDEAL A CONDICIONES NORMALES

1 gmol a 0 C y 1 atm = 22.4 L

o

1 lbmol a 0o C y 1 atm = 359 ft 3

BTU
cal
W
VANNE
DAZA REYES
1
= 3.444 x10 4
= 0.001442
o
o
o

F
C
C

hr ft 2
seg cm 2
cm 2
in
cm
cm

POTENCIA
1 W =1 J seg =1x10 7 erg seg =1vatio =14.36 cal min =1 N m =seg
1.24

cal

= 0.1442

J
seg m o C

hr cm 2
cm
ft lb f
BTU
BTU
J
W
Kcal
1HP = 550
= 745.7W = 0.7068
= 421
.41 BTU
= 1.73
= 1.73
= 1.487
seg
seg
min2 F
seg m C
m C
hr m C
hr ft
ft

BTU

= 2544.5
= 0.7457 kW
hr
cal
=cal
4.132 x10 3
ft lb f
BTU
KJ
seg cmo C
1
=1.055056
= 0.293071 W = 0.216
= 0.07014

1 KW = 1000W = 1.341 HP = 3412.14

hr

ft lb f
BTU
= 0.73756
hr
seg

hr

1 ton de refrigeracin = 200 BTU/min

Caballo de vapor elctrico = CV = 746 W
Caballo de vapor mecnico = HP = 0.999598 CV
Caballo de potencia mtrico = 735.499 W
Caballo de potencia de caldera = 9.803 W =1B.H.P.

seg
MOLES

seg

1 lbmol = 453.59 gmol = 0.45359237 Kmol

1 kmol = 1000 gmol = 2.2046226 lbmol
1 gmol = 0.002205 lbmol
TEMPERATURA

K = C + 273 F = 1.8C + 32

R = F + 459.67 = 1.8K