LM324

QUAD OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS

DESCRIPTION
TheLM324 consists of four independent, high gain internally frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to operate from a single power supply over a wide voltage range. Operation from split power supplies is also possible so long as the difference between the two supplies 3 Volts to 32 volts. Application areas include transducer amplifier, DC gain blocks and all the conventional OP amp circuits which now can be easily implemented in single power supply system.

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SOP-14

DIP-14

FEATURES
*Internally frequency compensated for unity gain *Large DC voltage gain :100dB *Wide operating supply range(Vcc=3V~32V) *Input common-mode voltage includes ground *Large output voltage swing: From 0V to Vcc-1.5V *Power drain suitable for battery operation

BLOCK DIAGRAM
Only one section Vcc

IN (-) Output IN (+)

GND

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS(Ta=25C)

Characteristic Symbol
Supply Voltage Differential input voltage Input Voltage Power Dissipation Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Vcc Vi(diff) VI Pd Topr Tstg

B18 32 -0.3~32V 570 0 to +70 -65 to 150

Value

Unit
V V V mW C C

LM324
Characteristic
Input offset voltage Input offset current Input Bias current Input Common-mode voltage range Supply Current Large signal Voltage Gain

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Symbol
VIO IIO Ib VI(R) Icc GV V(OH)

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS( Ta=25C )

(Vcc=5.0V,All voltage referenced to GND unless otherwise specified)

Test Condition
VCM=0 to Vcc-1.5 Vo(p)=1.4V,Rs=0

Min

Typ.
1.5 3.0 40 Vcc1.5 1.0 0.7 100

Max
7.0 50 250

Unit
mV nA nA V mA mA V/mV V V mV dB dB mV mA mA mA A

Vcc=30V RL=,Vcc=30V Vcc=5V Vcc=15V,RL>2k Vo(p)=1V to 11V Vcc=30V,RL=2k Vcc=30V,RL=10k Vcc=5,RL>10k

3 1.2

25 26 27 65 65

Output voltage Swing Common-mode rejection Ratio Power supply rejection Ratio Channel Separation Short circuit to GND V(OL) CMRR PSRR CS Isc Isource Isink

f=1kHz to 20kHz VI(+)=1V,VI(-)=0 Vcc=15V,Vo(p)=2V VI(+)=0V,VI(-)=1V Vcc=15V,Vo(p)=2V VI(+)=1V,VI(-)=0 Vcc=15V,Vo(p)=200V 20 10 12

28 5 75 100 5 40 40 13 45

20

20 60

Output current

Differential input voltage

VI(diff)

Vcc

PIN CONFIGURATION
OUT 1

14 OUT 4

IN 1(-)

13

IN 4(-)

IN 1(+)

12

IN 4(+)

VCC

11 GND

IN 2(+)

10

IN 3(+)

IN 2(-)

IN 3(-)

OUT 2

8 OUT 3

LM324
Fig.1 Input Voltage Range
15

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Fig.2 Input Current
100

TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS PERFORMANCE

Positive Input voltgae (V) 10 Input current (mA)

80 Vcc=+30V 60 Vcc=+15V 40 Vcc=+5V 20

Negative

0 0 5

10

15

-50

-25

Supply Voltage (Vdc)

Temperature (k)

25

50

75

100

Fig.3 Supply Current

40 Vcc Ic 30 120 160

Fig.4 Voltage Gain

RL=20k RL=2k

Supply Current (mA)

20

Voltgae Gain (dB)

30 40

Ta= 0~+85k

80

10

40

Ta= -40k 0 0 10 20 0 0 7.5 15 22.5 30

Supply Voltage

(V)

Supply Voltage (V)

Fig.5 Open Loop Frequency response

120
Vcc 0.1F

Fig.6 Common-mode rejection Ratio

120

100 80

100M

100
80

Voltage Gain (dB)

Vcc=+7.5V Vee=-7.5V
+7.5V 100k 100

Vcc/2

CMRR (dB)

Vin

60

60

40 Vcc=15V 20

Vcc=30V

40
20 0

100 Vin 100k -7.5V

0
0 10 1 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

10

10

7 10

2 10

3 10

4 10

10

10

Frequency (Hz)

Frequency (Hz)

LM324
Fig.7

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Fig.8 voltage Follower pulse response (small signal)
450

Input Voltage (V)

3 2 1 0

RL=2k Vcc=15V

Output voltgae (V) 20 30 Time (s) 40

400

Output Voltage (V)

350

3 2 1 0 0 10 50

300 275 0

Time (s)

Fig.9 Large signal Frequency Response

8 7

Fig.10 Output Characteristics current sourcing

Ta=25k

Output swing (Vp-p)

100k +15V 1k Vi +7V 2k

Output refference Vcc (V)

15

6
Vcc

5 4

Vcc/2

Vo Io

10

3
2

0
10
3

1 10
4

10

10

10

-3

10

-2

10

-1

10

10

Frequency (Hz)

Output Source current (mA) Fig.12 Current Limiting

Fig.11 Output Characteristics Current sinking

10 60

Output Voltage (V)

Output Current (mA)

2

40

Vcc=+5V
-1

Vcc=+15V
Vcc/2

10

Vcc Vo Io

Vcc=+30V

20

10

-3

10

-2

10

-1

0 -50 -25

10

10

25

50

75

100

Output Sink Current (mA)

Temperature (k)