Introduction to trematoda

Assistanted Prof. Sheng

MORPHOLOGY
1. SHAPE
Leaf-shapetong-shape Oral suckerventral sucker

2. Digestive system
Compose with mouth pharynx esophagus cecum

3. Reproductive system
Strong , most of them are hermaphrodite

ovaryootype Uterine tube Seminal receptacle Laurers canal Eggmodel Meglands Vitelline glands and uterus.

testes efferent ductule deferential duct seminal vesicle prostate penis packet of penis.

Life cycle
complication
a. adult parasite in human being

and mammal,worm parasite in

aquatic animal (example:snail)

b.
egg

Growing
miracidium

process include:
sporocyst redia cercaria

metacercaria

Young worm

adult

do you know what disease you will suffer from by eating raw fish and shrimb

Clonorchis sinensis

morphology
1. adult
Shape: Sucker: Cecum:

Hermaphrodite:

2. egg
Shape :
Size: Colour: Egg shell: Content:

operculum

Shoulder peak

miracidium

Verrucous thing

Life cycle
adult Egg
Egg pass into water in feces

Egg are swallow by snail and hatch by it

All these stages grow in snail

miracidium

sporocyst

redia

cercaria

Cercaria leave snail and eated by fresh-water fish

Man is infected by Eating uncooked fish metacercaria Young worm

adult

Pathogenesis and clinical maniefstation The pathogenesis

Adults mechanical destruction Secretion and excretions toxicity It cause the sell of duct fall off and cause the sell have hyperplasia and inflammation The duct Become narrow cirrhosis

The tissue fibre The worm blockage Duct blockage Bile retention Duct expand

The duct wall become thick

They cause liver sell Atrophy, necrosis and cirrhosis

The diseases
Blockage icterus

Cholangitis and hepatitis

Cholelithiasis cirrhosis Liver duct cancer

Actute hemorrhagic necrosis of pancreas

Adult parasite in the bile

Adult crow in liver duct

Blockage icterus

Adult in the duct

cholelithiasis

cholelithiasis

Ascites and epigastric

Liver parm

Spider-shape vein

Liver duct cancer

Actute hemorrhagic necrosis of pancreas

dwarf

No symptom

Clinical manifestation
Most of them have no obvious symptom Some feel tiredness ,hepatic enlargement, right upper quadrant mild pain ,abdominal pain ,anorexia, dizziness. When it become serious the patient has ascites , unconscious and will die later.

Diagnosis
Dialogue about case histories:

a. Whether come from epedemiologic area

b. Whether have the habit of eating raw fresh
water fish or shrimp

1.laboratory diagnosis :
Detect eggs make sure diagnosis

a. Stool examination

Direct amear method Nature sedimentationmethod Formalin ether method

b. The duodenum secretion examination

2. Immunologic examination
IH test
IHA ELISA

3. Ultrasonic wave examination

epidemiology
Local epidemic
Infective rate :1%~30%,some are 80% Epidemic area: JapanKorea Vinan Thailand

China:

Epidemic factor: Infective resource: patient and carrier , reservoir host Spread way:egg pass into water in feces
intermediate host exit ,people have the habit of eating raw fish or raw shrimb Susceptible people : all people

treatment
1.hygiene education
Do not eat raw fish or raw shrimb Not let cat eat raw fish or raw shrimb too 2.treat the patient and carrier

3. Not let the feces pass into the fresh-water