T H E S E V E N S T E P S T O N I R VA N A

other end. This latter possibility is one that transcends the normally expected outcomes of a typical business initiativecheaper, faster, betterto radically redene the competitive game within an opportunity arena. Implicit within this expanded denition of e-business is a set of scope issues that extends along four dimensionswhat, who, where, and why. Along each dimension it is possible to think narrowly, think broadly, or think very broadly. These four dimensionswhat is the nature of the connection being made, who are the entities being connected, where are the e-business applications located, and why are the e-business initiatives being conducted in terms of expected outcomescorrespond to the four directions of the e-business scope compass, as shown in Figure 1-1.

350

Who

010

340
33
0 32 0 31

020
03 0
04 0 05

Value Network
Customers

06

30

tional Outc orma om nsf es a r T

onship Outcom lati e es R

290

st Outco Co m

es

Firm

070

ation orm nf

Collaboration

act Trans ions

080

280

What

Why

100

260

250

te d In- h o u

e
s

os

110

12

24

Ho
0 23 22 0

ste d Re m otely
ed Anyw here
14 0

13 0

Where

Figure 1-1
The e-business scope compass

16

15

H o st
200

160
170 190

21