Properties

Some important properties of symmetric matrix are

Symmetric matrix is always a square matrix If o o o o o o o o is a symmetric matrix order The transpose matrix with real entries then

is also a symmetric matrix is also a symmetric matrix

Scalar multiple of the matrix The inverse matrix

is also a symmetric matrix, if it is invertible.

The inverse of the transpose matrix is equal to the matrix inverse A half of the summation to its transpose produces the matrix itself, Subtraction to its transpose produces null matrix, Symmetric matrix has linearly independent Eigen vectors. are all real numbers (no complex numbers).

The Eigen values of symmetric matrix

o If all eigenvalues of symmetric matrix are distinct (no multiple Eigen values), then matrix A can be transformed into diagonal matrix o Eigenvectors of distinct eigenvalues are orthogonal. o The number of non-zero eigenvalues is equal to its rank . by (spectral

o There is an orthogonal matrix decomposition).

that diagonalizes symmetric matrix

If o o

and

are symmetric matrices of the same size, then is also a symmetric matrix is also a symmetric matrix, if by such that and , then we can form symmetric matrix are equal. The rank of both matrices are equal,

The summation of the matrix The subtraction of the matrix be any rectangular matrix size and

Let

. The non-zero eigenvalues of .

Hermitian matrix complex conjugate).

is a symmetric matrix with entries of complex number (across the diagonal, the entries are

Both Hermitian and Unitary matrix (including symmetric and orthogonal matrix) are called normal matrix because the Eigen vectors form orthonormal set.