B XY DNG TRNG I HC KiN TRC TPHCM C S CN TH KHOA KIN TRC

ti tho lun:

GII PHP CHNG THM TNG HM TRONG CC CNG TRNH DN DNG

NHM 4 GVDH: Nguyn Huy Vn

Cc vn tho lun I. T VN :
II.TM HIU V TNG HM TRONG CC CNG TRNH DN DNG * Khi nim: * Phn loi: * Cng nng: * u nhc im: * Cu to: * Gii thiu s lc v cc gii php thi cng: III. GII PHP CHNG THM TNG HM TRONG CC CNG TRNH DN DNG 1. Di ram dc thng t rnh, h ga thu thot nc t pha trn chy xung 2. Tng tng hm thng gp vn thm thu nc, vn chng thm c u tin hng u do c nhiu bin php cu to tng ph hp vi yu cu: 3. Chng thm y tng hm: IV. KT LUN

T VN :
Trong cc cng trnh dn dng, tng hm l gii php hiu qu khi xy nh v gii quyt c ch xe v h thng k thut, cng nh cch m kh tt cho tng trn v tng din tch s dng. Tuy nhin, nu thi cng khng m bo cc yu t k thut tng hm c th gy ra mt s tr ngi cho ngi s dng Hn th na, Vit Nam c kh hu thuc loi hnh nhit i gi ma nng m. V cc yu t kh hu nh m, nhit khng kh, gi, bc x mt tri, lng ma tc ng trc tip ln cng trnh, gy ra nhng loi h hng khc nhau nh nt kt cu, thm nc, ru mc mt ngoi gi chung l bnh nhit i. Cng gy nhiu kh khn cho cng tc thit k v thi cng tng hm, c bit l vn chng thm. Chnh v th m nhm chng em quyt nh chn ti: GII PHP CHNG THM TNG HM TRONG CC CNG TRNH DN DNG

QuT trnh trin khng ngm xa : pht con ngi bit dn khng gian gian ngm qua
m than m lu hunh cung kh

 u th k 19 khng gian ngm ch yu c s dng cho nhng cng trnh cp thot nc, bo qun hoa qu v dng qu gi

 th k 19 n u th k 20, vic khai thc khng gian ngm cho mc ch giao thng, cc tuyn thng tin, cc mng k thut ngm th, cc kho bo qun ngm, cc cng trnh an ninh quc phng

 Vo gia th k 20 cho n nay, cc cng trnh ngm tr thnh b phn khng th thiu trong vic pht trin h tng k thut th v vn minh ha th, pht trin kinh t x hi v nng cao mc sng ca ngi dn th. Khng gian ngm c nhn thc nh ti sn v cng qu gi trong qu trnh pht trin kinh t- x

100% 90%

80% 70% 60%

50% 40% 30% 20%

trn mt t khng gian ngm

10% 0% gara khobo hng tng x nghip v cng trong trnh lnh bo vc qun dch v v lnh vc khc

Biu khai thc khng gian ngm

TM HIU V TNG HM TRONG CC CNG TRNH DN DNG

* Khi nim: * Phn loi: * Cng nng: * u nhc im: * Cu to:

* KHI NIM: Tng hm l mt hoc nhiu tng ca mt ta nh hay ngi nh c thit k b tr xy dng nm hon ton hoc mt phn di tng trt (sn) v nm su trong lng t (nm m di t). Tng hm thng c s dng nh mt khng gian tin ch cho mt ta nh ni cha cc loi l si, my nc nng, hp cu ch, bi u xe, v h thng iu ha khng kh, h thng phn phi in, v truyn hnh cp... Tng hm l khng gian ph bin khi xy nh trong th v gii quyt c ch u xe v h thng k thut, cng nh chng m kh tt cho tng trt v tng din tch s dng hu ch

Phn loi
Theo cng nng - hm tin ch chung : gara,kho,hm ru, ngh ngi, gii tr - hm cp in ngm - h thng thot nc thi bng hm su Theo phng php thi cng - top down - bottom up Theo din tch tip xc vi mt thong - hm - bn hm

* CNG NNG:

Trong tng hm th ma ng m, ma h li mt, cch nhit, cch m tt. Do vy rt thun li cho vic khai thc cc hot ng vui chi gii tr nhn nhp nh qun bar, sn nhy, club, phng ht karaoke, hay lm cc phng sauna, spa, th dc trong nh hng sang. Ngoi ra tng hm rt tin li lm kho bi, nh cha my mc, nh kho cha hng ha cho siu th, bi trng gi t, xe my (vi s lng xe lu thng vo ra/ngy cao), hay lm nh cha my bm, my bin p...

Mt phng karaoke tng hm bit th, c c khu vc bar pha ch ung

Tng hm xe

* U, NHC IM:

u im Khng gy ri cho khng gian tng trt chnh Nn ca tng trt c tn cao ln vi bc li vo chnh chnh gip tng s b th ca cng trnh Tn dng khng gian dng cho nhiu mc ch: kho cha, xe, ngh ngi gii tr,lp t h thng k thut,

Nhc im Bm thot nc ngm; chng thm, chng m phc tp Thng gi Chiu sng Chi ph u t xy dng tng hm rt cao

* CU TO:

(1) Ramp dc: (2) Tng: (3) Sn:

(1)
R A M P D C

* dc ngi i b : 8.5 12.5% * dc i vi xe c gii: 15 20%

(2) TNG:
Nguyn tc l lun lun c ng thot nc, pha trn ph vi k thut, sau l si, khi nc ti chn tng b ht tt lun xung ng nc thu. B mt tng c ph chng thm, phi c chng thm ngang c tng, cch mt t 15cm trnh hin tng nc leo ln.

Mc nc ngm xut hin ngang nn tng hm

(3) SN Sn BTCT dy hn sn thng thng

GII PHP CHNG THM TNG HM TRONG CC CNG TRNH DN DNG

* Vit Nam hin nay cha c ch dn hay tiu chun hng dn thit k thi cng tng hm nh cao tng. Cc n v thit k hay thi cng chng thm tng hm thng da vo kinh nghim ring ca mnh v mi ngi mt cch. T thc t ng bun trn . C rt nhiu n v nhn chng thm v lm theo cch ca mnh. C trng hp h ch qut ln trn b mt b tng mt lp chng thm gia c thm 1 lp li thp v th l xong.

* Tt c cc chuyn gia trong ngnh ai cng phi nhn nh. Chng thm tng hm l mt cng vic phc tp. T thit k n thi cng u phi tnh ton k cng

* Cc v tr xung yu, hay xy ra vt nt, khe, l to iu kin thm thu dn n hin tng thm. l:

* Chng thm tng hm nh cao tng da trn nhng nguyn l sau: - Nng cao kh nng chng thm ca kt cu BTCT y v tng tng hm bng b tng chng thm; - Chng thm b sung pha ngoi tng hm bng cc vt liu n hi, tm chng thm c sn;

GII PHP CHNG THM TNG HM TRONG CC CNG TRNH DN DNG

1. Di ram dc thng t rnh, h ga thu thot nc t pha trn chy xung 2. Chng thm tng v sn tng hm: 5. Dng thanh trng n:

1. Di ram dc thng t rnh, h ga thu thot nc t pha trn chy xung

2. Chng thm tng v y tng hm:

ngm di nn tng hm: trt va ximng mc 75, dy 25 mt trong v nn tng hm. Trt lm hai lp: lp th nht dy 15 c kha qu trm i kh, lp th hai dy 10

 Mc nc ngm cao hn nn tng hm: lm h thp mc nc ngm bng cch lm h thu nc, ng thi pha ngoi p t st dy 300 - 400. Pha trong lng va ximng hai lp hoc btng ct thp dy 40, mc 200

Chng thm thun y tng hm:

Nng cao kh nng chng thm ca vt liu thi cng tng hm ( thng l b tng ct thp) Bng cch Trm bt cc l r r, c ng, l xuyn sn. Chng thm thm thu ( chng thm tinh th ) in y cc khe, l, khuyt tt, mao rng trong kt cu. Phi trn b tng vi cc ph gia chng thm, va khng co ngt trc khi thi cng Thi cng chng thm cc mch ngng, cc gc cnh ca tng hm Chng thm b sung bo v kt cu theo phng php chng thm thun hoc ngc.

5. Dng trng n: hm (chnh l ci Chc chn thanh l bn s nn tng mng b) ri mi thi cng tng tng hm c. Nh vy gia b tng mi (ca tng) v b tng c (ca nn tng hm) dnh kt khng cao, nu p lc nc ngm ln s thm qua ch phn on thi cng ny. Cch gii quyt nh sau: Trc khi b tng tng, bn dng thanh trng n t dc theo ct thp ch tip gip. Thanh ny khi gp nc s tng th tch rt mnh (5-6 ln) nn c tc dng chn kn ch tip gip, s chng thm hon ton ch ni ny. Ch nn t thanh ny ngay trc khi thi cng, ch cha m gp ma hay m l tc dng chng thm ca n b gim.

 Mt s hnh nh v gii quyt vn chng thm tng hm cho cc cng trnh ti Vit Nam

Thi cng chng thm tng hm khu A1 & B2 Vnh Trung Plaza. TP Nng

Thi cng chng thm 2 tng hm Cng trnh khch sn o Xanh. TP Nng

Thi cng sa cha chng thm ngc hm Top-Down, nhiu tng hm

KT LUN
- nhiu khu vc trong thnh ph khng gian sng l iu rt qu him, v vy hm l gii php cn thit -V mt k thut, y l dng cng trnh phc tp; thi cng di su, d xy ra s c cho bn thn cng trnh v cc cng trnh lin k. V vy, cng vic thit k, thi cng, gim st thi cng phi c c bit coi trng. Nn bn thn ngi thit k cn nm r nhng kin thc v k nng c bn v thit k v thi cng tng hm, Thit k chng thm tng hm nh cao tng cn c coi l bt buc v phi bao gm cc ch dn k thut v quy trnh thi cng c th i vi b tng v cc lp chng thm khc.

- Chng thm nn hm bng phng n ri bt GS 200 trc. - Xoa mt trong khi b tng - Kt hp cng ph gia gc xi mng GS 100

Cm n thy v cc bn theo di

NHM 4: Nguyn Thnh Ti V Cng Nhn Bi Quang Vinh Nguyn Th Lt Phm Th Nh Yn

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