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Specifying Requirements For Voip Calls: Introducing Voice Over Ip
Specifying Requirements For Voip Calls: Introducing Voice Over Ip
Requirements for
VoIP Calls
Time
Packet Flow
64 kb/s
Router 64 kb/s
Router
E1
E1
Fixed:
Switch Fixed: Fixed
Fixed Fixed: Dejitter
Coder Delay Switch
Fixed: Switch Buffer
Delay Serialization Delay
Delay
Delay
Fixed:
Packetization Variable:
Delay Output
Queuing
Delay
Lost Audio
MOS
– Mean opinion score
– Defined in ITU-T Recommendation P.800
– Results in subjective measures
– Scores from 1 (worst) to 5 (best); 4.0 is toll quality
PSQM
– Perceptual Speech Quality Measurement
– Defined in ITU Standard P.861
– Automated in-service measurement
– Scores from 6.5 (worst) to 0 (best)
Header compression
Frame Relay traffic shaping (FRTS)
FRF.12
PSTN fallback
IP RTP Priority and Frame Relay IP RTP Priority
IP to ATM class of service (CoS)
Low Latency Queuing (LLQ)
Multilink PPP (MLP)
Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)
VoIP
QoS
In Conjunction with IP
IP Network
0110011 0110011
End-to-End Connection
IP Network
TCP Transmission
of Data Packets
Analog Data Analog Data
0110011 0110011
Fax E-Mail
PSTN
E-Mail Fax
PSTN
IP Network
VoIP Call
T.30
CED tone
NSE Accept
IP Network
DIS Message
Fax Relay Switchover (PT96)
IP Network
CED Tone
DIS Message
Mode Request
IP Network
CED Tone
DIS Message
INVITE (T.38 in SDP)
200 OK
ACK
S0
256 G.729 Codec S1
kb/s Being Used 256
kb/s